CN104409857A - GPS/BDII three-frequency double-system active satellite navigation receiving antenna applied to micro-miniature unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents
GPS/BDII three-frequency double-system active satellite navigation receiving antenna applied to micro-miniature unmanned aerial vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN104409857A CN104409857A CN201410709359.6A CN201410709359A CN104409857A CN 104409857 A CN104409857 A CN 104409857A CN 201410709359 A CN201410709359 A CN 201410709359A CN 104409857 A CN104409857 A CN 104409857A
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Abstract
The invention provides a GPS/BDII three-frequency antenna applied to a micro-miniature unmanned aerial vehicle. The antenna comprises a passive medium ceramic antenna chip assembly, a low-noise amplification circuit and a shielding box, wherein the ceramic antenna chip assembly comprises two high-dielectric-constant ceramic antenna chips; the low-noise amplification circuit comprises two radio frequency branches; the shielding box is designed to have the same shape as a circuit board and has the effects of prevention of foreign matters and electromagnetic shielding. The antenna is compatible with GPS/BDII double-system three-frequency-point operation and has the characteristics of good anti-jamming performance and overvoltage/power supply reverse connection prevention.
Description
technical field:
The invention belongs to field of satellite navigation, relate to a kind of lightweight, the grapefruit satellite navigation antenna that adopt abnormally-structured design.
Background technology
Small and micro-satellite is to the size of antenna, highly, weight, interference free performance require harsh.Under the navigation needs meeting time service, location, the miniaturization of aerodiscone antenna is the developing direction of following UAV Navigation System research.
Along with the fast development of China's Beidou II satellite navigation system, GPS/BDII dual system integral aerial is the development trend of following aerodiscone antenna.
These Small and micro-satellite mission requirements are: design a small-sized aerodiscone antenna, antenna is positioned in aerial compartment body structure, as shown in Figure 1, cabin height is 13mm(figure mono-is two dimensional surface dimensional drawing to section structure planar dimension figure, and elevation information is sentenced written form in this and illustrated).Antenna demand fulfillment can work under GPS L1, Beidou II B1, B3 dual system three frequency, and antenna weights is less than 35g.
In the market, GPS L1, BDII B1 are the main flow compound modes of small-sized aerodiscone antenna, and the miniaturized aerodiscone antenna size of compatible BDII B3, according to laminated construction, volume and weight is comparatively large, can not meet this requirement that Small and micro-satellite volume is little, lightweight, section height is low; Frequency ratio due to L1 and B3 two frequency is 1.24, and the antenna requirement frequency frequency ratio according to coplanar frequency multiplexing technique must be greater than 1.5.So coplanar frequency multiplexing technique scheme can not meet mission requirements.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: under passive antenna combines closely placement condition, and the isolation overcoming the concave point because pattern distortion produces and increase between radiofrequency signal, to meet the requirement of satellite navigation receiver signal transacting.
The present invention includes following technical scheme:
A kind of GPS/BDII three-frequency antenna (hereinafter referred to as three-frequency antenna) being applied to Small and micro-satellite, comprises the combination of passive media ceramic antenna sheet, low noise amplifier circuit and shielding box three part.
Passive media ceramic antenna sheet combination is made up of the ceramic antenna sheet of two pieces of high-ks, to realize multifrequency point, the miniaturization of three-frequency antenna.Two pieces of antenna sheet are put according to specific orientation, to realize optimum directional diagram.
Low noise amplifier circuit is made up of two radio frequency branch roads, receives process GPS L1, BDII B1 and BDII B3 signal respectively.Process is amplified, the navigation signal of filtering exports corresponding receiver port respectively to and processes.
Shielding box and circuit board syntype design, and play the effect of anti-foreign matter and electromagnetic shielding.
The present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
(1) the present invention is directed to Small and micro-satellite navigation request, propose a kind of novel dual system three-frequency antenna, antenna structure form is simple, working stability is reliable;
(2) the present invention possesses the characteristic of dual system multifrequency point work, can meet the navigator fix requirement under various modes, compatible strong;
(3) inventive antenna adopts special-shaped design, and lightweight, size is little, and section height is low;
(4) inventive antenna has excellent Out-of-band rejection performance, when closely there being powerful device to work, still can normally work.
(5) the present invention adopts anti-overvoltage, anti-reverse power connection, antistatic design.The injury caused for situations such as misoperation or power supply circuits exceptions has protective effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of aerial compartment planar structure dimensional drawing being applied to the GPS/BDII three-frequency antenna of Small and micro-satellite of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation being applied to the GPS/BDII three-frequency antenna of Small and micro-satellite of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of GPS/BDII three-frequency antenna low noise amplifier circuit part component relationship schematic diagram being applied to Small and micro-satellite of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a kind of rear optimum actual measurement antenna pattern of GPS/BDII three-frequency antenna passive antenna combination being applied to Small and micro-satellite of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 2, three-frequency antenna is formed primarily of passive media ceramic antenna sheet combination, low noise amplifier circuit, shielding box three part.
The combination of media ceramic antenna sheet is made up of two antenna sheet, puts according to such as figure position.Wherein antenna sheet part A is responsible for receiving GPS L1 and BDII B1 signal, and antenna sheet part B receives BDII B3 signal.
The distance of putting of antenna A and antenna B and relative bearing are very large on the directional diagram impact of three-frequency antenna.Because relative distance is comparatively near, for individual antenna wherein, the distribution of another one Electromagnetic Fields of Antenna will inevitably be carried out " extruding " the antenna pattern of this antenna, and axial greatest irradiation direction is offset.Therefore need to utilize 3 D electromagnetic simulation software, the antenna pattern of antenna combination is emulated.Find by analyzing simulation result, two antenna feed point positional distances are nearest and when being positioned at the placement of position, circuit board axis, radiation pattern concave point is minimum, and pattern shapes, closest to the apple shape that falls of standard, is the antenna disposing way of optimum.
The signal that satellite passes down is right-handed circular polarization electromagnetic wave, if the polarization mode of reception antenna is also right-handed circular polarization, then signal can all be received; If the polarization mode of reception antenna is linear polarization, then the signal received can be decayed 3dB.While adopting the potsherd of high-k to bring compact in size, the standing-wave ratio bandwidth of antenna and significantly narrowing of axial ratio bandwidth will inevitably be caused.Therefore, under so little size, it is very difficult for realizing good axial ratio in the frequency range of 20MHz, namely can not realize right-handed circular polarization in Whole frequency band.Therefore, in the design, Distribution Indexes to be carried out according to the actual requirements.Because GPS L1 bandwidth is narrower, receipts star ability and interference free performance are better than Beidou II B1 frequency, therefore preferential guarantee antenna low-frequency range partial polarization mode is right-handed circular polarization, like this, is linear polarization at high band part (namely near L1 frequency range) approximation behavior.
Fig. 3 is three-frequency antenna low noise amplifier circuit part component relationship schematic diagram of the present invention.Low noise amplifier circuit part by two independently circuit part form, two independent circuit portions structures are identical, each circuit part is made up of dual-stage amplifier and three grades of filter networks, but by the centre frequency of the electrical length and filter that regulate L-type matching network transmission line, two parts circuit can be made to act on respectively in two different frequency bands.Two-stage amplifies the signal level thresholding for meeting receiver process, and three grades of filtering bring enough Out-of-band rejections, prevent the electromagnetic radiation in external environment condition on the impact of satellite navigation.
In low noise amplifier circuit design, how processing the self-excitation phenomena brought by high-gain is difficult point of the present invention.
The intensity of satellite navigation receiver Received signal strength represents with signal to noise ratio, and this index weighs the ability of satellite navigation front-end processing satellite-signal.Under equal ambient, signal to noise ratio is higher, and it is better that devices illustrated receives star ability.And this index is main relevant with the noise factor of system.According to noise cascading equations, the noise factor in system depends primarily on the noise factor of first order amplifying circuit.Prefilter in Fig. 3 belongs to passive device, and its insertion loss equals self noise factor.The consideration so the type selecting of prefilter will be traded off between noise factor and Out-of-band rejection two indexes.Inter-stage filter and final filter then mainly consider Out-of-band rejection performance.
Because the antenna of GPS/BDII three-frequency antenna and measuring and controlling equipment is separated by less than 1m, first order amplification chip should select 1dB compression point and the high chip of third order intermodulation section, to ensure, when comparatively high power signal input, to cause damage to equipment.Here select the AM50 family chip of MACOM company, gain is 25dB, and exporting 1dB compression point is 1dBm, and input IP3 is-14dBm, and reverse isolation degree is 48dB, has anti-strong input signal ability preferably; And second level amplification chip should adopt the chip with less gain, select the BGA family chip of infineon company here, in operating frequency, gain is about 15dB, and reverse isolation degree is 28dB.The total insertion loss of circuit median filter is about 5dB, and therefore circuit overall gain is about 35dB; Oppositely total isolation of circuit is about 81dB, is far longer than circuit forward gain.Circuit self-excitation phenomena can be avoided to produce by rational parts selection and PCB laying out pattern.
As shown in Figure 3, the prefilter of B1L1 circuit, inter-stage filter, final filter all have employed Surface Acoustic Wave Filter; B3 circuit prefilter adopts the two small-sized dielectric filters in chamber, and inter-stage filter and final filter adopt Surface Acoustic Wave Filter.Compared to dielectric filter, Surface Acoustic Wave Filter has better Out-of-band rejection characteristic, but the requirement of this device to Circuit Matching is higher.Circuit mismatch to a certain extent, when signal is by Surface Acoustic Wave Filter, can cause frequency band flatness index extreme degradation, so the impedance matching carried out between circuit is the key factor ensureing three-frequency antenna functional characteristic.Fig. 4 is a kind of rear optimum actual measurement antenna pattern of GPS/BDII three-frequency antenna passive antenna combination being applied to Small and micro-satellite of the present invention.
Due to hypotelorism between two antennas, the actual measurement of isolation between passive ceramic antenna sheet only has 6dB, and therefore between two-stage signal, isolation is only had and ensured by the amplifying circuit of rear class.First order amplification chip itself needs to do the impedance matching of L minor matters, occupies the area that circuit board is larger, leaves that rear class is amplified, the space of filter circuit and DC suppling network for, very compact.Like this, ensureing effective signal isolation between two parts amplifying circuit, is the key preventing circuit self-excitation.If take two-way passive antenna to input, when single channel exports, certainly will be undertaken and road by the device such as three-dB coupler or power splitter, like this, isolation between two branch roads is the isolation of coupler or power splitter, and the isolation namely between two branch roads is the highest only has about 30dB.In this case, can be coupled in another branch road through circuit amplifying signal, when coupled signal phase place and another tributary signal phase place meet oscillating condition, just can cause circuit self-excitation.Therefore can not meet system index requirement, so adopt the pattern that two-stage exports respectively, such isolation can be improved to about about 50dB.
Shielding box adopts and designs with circuit board syntype, highly a little more than the dielectric filter welded in circuit board (components and parts the highest in components and parts), to meet the mission requirements to antenna height.Use scolding tin that shielding box and circuit board outward flange grounded part are welded as the entirety sealed, play and prevent foreign matter from entering the effect with electromagnetic shielding.
In the present invention, antenna compatible with GPS/BDII dual system three frequency work, the feature of good interference free performance and anti-overvoltage/anti-reverse power connection is possessed.
Claims (9)
1. the reception antenna of dual system active satellite navigation frequently, described antenna compatible with GPS/BDII dual system three frequency work, it is applied to Small and micro-satellite, it is characterized in that, described antenna comprises the combination of passive media ceramic antenna sheet, low noise amplifier circuit and shielding box.
2. reception antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described media ceramic antenna sheet combination is made up of two antenna sheet, and wherein antenna sheet part A is responsible for receiving GPS L1 and BDII B1 signal, and antenna sheet part B receives BDII B3 signal.
3. reception antenna according to claim 2, is characterized in that, two antenna sheet feed position of described antenna nearest and be positioned at position, circuit board axis place.
4. reception antenna according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described low noise amplifier circuit is made up of two radio frequency branch roads, receive process GPS L1, BDII B1 and BDII B3 signal respectively, process is amplified, the navigation signal of filtering exports corresponding receiver port respectively to and processes, each radio frequency branch road is made up of dual-stage amplifier and three grades of filter networks, and wherein dual-stage amplifier is for meeting the signal level thresholding of receiver process, and three grades of filter networks are used as Out-of-band rejection.
5. reception antenna according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the chip of described first order amplifier selects 1dB compression point and the high chip of third order intermodulation section, has anti-strong input signal ability preferably; Second level amplification chip adopts the chip with less gain.
6. reception antenna according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described three grades of filter networks comprise prefilter, inter-stage filter and final filter.
7. reception antenna according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in the circuit that antenna sheet part A connects, prefilter, inter-stage filter, final filter all have employed Surface Acoustic Wave Filter; In the circuit that antenna sheet part B connects, prefilter adopts the two small-sized dielectric filters in chamber, and inter-stage filter and final filter adopt Surface Acoustic Wave Filter.
8. reception antenna according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described shielding box adopts and designs with the circuit board syntype of low noise amplifier circuit, height, a little more than the dielectric filter welded in circuit board, uses scolding tin that shielding box and circuit board outward flange grounded part are welded as the entirety sealed.
9. an aerial compartment body, is characterized in that, place the antenna that one of claim 1-8 is described in the body of described cabin, described cabin height is 13mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410709359.6A CN104409857B (en) | 2014-11-28 | 2014-11-28 | A kind of frequency dual system active satellites of GPS/BDII tri- navigation reception antenna applied to Small and micro-satellite |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410709359.6A CN104409857B (en) | 2014-11-28 | 2014-11-28 | A kind of frequency dual system active satellites of GPS/BDII tri- navigation reception antenna applied to Small and micro-satellite |
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| CN104409857A true CN104409857A (en) | 2015-03-11 |
| CN104409857B CN104409857B (en) | 2017-12-15 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107966720A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-27 | 深圳华大北斗科技有限公司 | Satellite signal receiver and global position system |
| CN109103587A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-28 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | A kind of new antenna |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101752653A (en) * | 2008-12-12 | 2010-06-23 | 石家庄世纪森诺通讯有限公司 | Double-mode time service active antenna |
| CN202363587U (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-08-01 | 上海海积信息科技有限公司 | Satellite micro-strip receiving antenna for receiving multiple frequency bands of GPS (Global Position System), GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) and Beidou II |
| CN104037503A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-09-10 | 江苏江佳电子股份有限公司 | Multi-frequency circular polarized microstrip antenna |
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2014
- 2014-11-28 CN CN201410709359.6A patent/CN104409857B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101752653A (en) * | 2008-12-12 | 2010-06-23 | 石家庄世纪森诺通讯有限公司 | Double-mode time service active antenna |
| CN202363587U (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-08-01 | 上海海积信息科技有限公司 | Satellite micro-strip receiving antenna for receiving multiple frequency bands of GPS (Global Position System), GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) and Beidou II |
| CN104037503A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-09-10 | 江苏江佳电子股份有限公司 | Multi-frequency circular polarized microstrip antenna |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107966720A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-04-27 | 深圳华大北斗科技有限公司 | Satellite signal receiver and global position system |
| CN107966720B (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2024-02-20 | 深圳华大北斗科技股份有限公司 | Satellite signal receiver and satellite positioning system |
| CN109103587A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-28 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | A kind of new antenna |
| CN109103587B (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2024-01-05 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Four-arm spiral antenna |
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| CN104409857B (en) | 2017-12-15 |
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