CN104409770B - Preparation method of polymer electrolyte containing allyl functionalized ionic liquid - Google Patents
Preparation method of polymer electrolyte containing allyl functionalized ionic liquid Download PDFInfo
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0565—Polymeric materials, e.g. gel-type or solid-type
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of polymer electrolyte containing allyl functionalized ionic liquid, relates to a preparation method and application of polymer electrolyte containing functionalized ionic liquid, and solves the problems that the existing ionic liquid has poor electrochemical stability and poor compatibility with an electrode material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, dissolving P(VdF-HFP) )(poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene)) into N-methyl pyrrolidone, adding a lithium salt and the ionic liquid, and stirring to obtain gel; 2, pouring the gel into a polytetrafluoroethylene mould, and performing vacuum drying to obtain an electrolyte membrane. The polymer electrolyte containing the allyl functionalized ionic liquid is used for assembling a lithium ion battery; the electrolyte has the advantages of high thermal stability, nonflammability, slight toxicity, no liquid leakage and the like, can greatly improve the safety performance of the lithium ion battery, has excellent electrochemical performance, has relatively high compatibility with an LiFePO4 electrode material and relatively high stability, and is applied to the field of the lithium ion batteries.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing polymer electrolytes of functionalized ion liquid and its application.
Background technology
At present, the safety issue of lithium ion battery becomes increasingly conspicuous, and receives significant attention.The big portion of lithium ion battery both at home and abroad
Point use liquid organic electrolyte although using the lithium ion battery of organic electrolyte have good charge-discharge velocity and
Cryogenic property, however, this lithium ion battery under abuse conditions (such as heat, overcharge, cross put, short circuit, vibration, extruding etc.),
Occur and catch fire, explode or even the event such as injury to personnel.For volatile, the easy firing that overcome these organic solvents to have in itself
The shortcomings of, there has been proposed the method that many improves battery performance and safety, such as select high boiling solvent, no flash-point molten
Agent, fire retardant etc..But these materials general viscosity in room temperature is very high, even solid is it is difficult to fundamentally solve electrolysis
The temperature resistance problem of matter；In low temperature, this kind of electrolyte can separate out solid or crystallization simultaneously, thus makes to be in electrolyte
The ion concentration of dissociated state is decreased obviously, and makes deterioration of cell properties even cannot continue discharge and recharge.In addition, organic solvent is made
For liquid, the hidden danger of battery leakage cannot avoid, and further increases the complexity of battery design.
Eighties of last century late nineteen seventies, the electrolyte as battery uses ionic liquid first.So-called ionic liquid, refers to
The organic liquid material being composed entirely of ions under room temperature and similar temperature, also referred to as room temperature molten salt.Ionic liquid and one
As organic electrolyte system compare, it have no not flammable, no ignition point, heat stability is high, electrical conductivity is high, electrochemical window
Wide the features such as, if substituting, with ionic liquid, the preparation that organic electrolyte is applied to lithium ion battery, lithium can be solved well
The safety issue of ion battery, meanwhile, ionic liquid also have steam force down, liquid temperature wide ranges, recoverable etc.
Advantage, is a kind of environment amenable electrolyte.At present, ionic liquid is applied to gel polymerisation by some scholars both at home and abroad
The research work of thing electrolyte, and achieve some achievements in research.But current research containing ionic liquid gel electrostrictive polymer
The solution electrical conductivity of matter and its compatibility with electrode material and stability still suffer from larger problem, and main cause is current use
Ionic liquid chemical property not excellent.
In order to improve the performance of ionic liquid, people begin one's study functionalized ion liquid in recent years.Functionalization ionic liquid
Body is to be realized by introducing functional group in the cation or anion of ionic liquid, such as introduce amido, ether, itrile group,
Ester group, thiazolinyl etc..Introducing functional group can give ionic liquid special performance, make functionalized ion liquid have many tradition
The characteristic that ionic liquid does not have, for example, it is possible to reducing the viscosity of ionic liquid, improving electricity by introducing specific functional groups
Chemical stability and electric conductivity etc..Therefore, introduce functionalized ion liquid when preparing polymer dielectric, can solve the problem that gel
The compatibility of polymer dielectric and electrode material and stability, thus improve the charge-discharge performance of lithium ion battery.
At present, the functionalized ion liquid containing pi-allyl is applied to preparing and assembling lithium of gel polymer electrolyte
Ion battery have not been reported.
Content of the invention
The present invention is to solve existing ionic liquid electrochemical stability is poor, with asking of the poor compatibility of electrode material
Topic, provides the method for preparing polymer electrolytes containing allyl functional ionic liquid and its application.
The present invention is by having low viscosity, the functionalized ion liquid containing pi-allyl of high electrochemical stability is applied to coagulate
The preparation of xanthan polymer electrolyte, and this novel electrolytes and LiFePO 4 electrode material are assembled into lithium ion battery.
The present invention contains the method for preparing polymer electrolytes of allyl functional ionic liquid, sequentially includes the following steps:
First, p (vdf-hfp) is dissolved in n- methyl pyrrolidone solvent, is stirred at room temperature and clarifies completely to solution,
Add lithium salts litfsi and ionic liquid pyrmeatfsi in settled solution, under room temperature, mix and blend 15～20h obtains gel
Shape mixture；
2nd, the gelatinous mixture that step one obtains is poured in Teflon mould, true under the conditions of 60 DEG C～100 DEG C
Empty dry 12～24h, takes out after being dried, you can obtain the polymer dielectric film of ionic liquid gel containing allyl functional.
The above-mentioned polymer dielectric containing allyl functional ionic liquid is used for assembling lithium ion battery, concrete grammar
For:
First, allyl functional ionic liquid gel polymer dielectric film will be contained and be washed into diameter 16mm disk, standby；
2nd, the preparation of ferrous phosphate pole piece: bonding agent pvdf is mixed into after stirring in solvent nmp, with electrode material
Material lifepo4With conductive agent acetylene black mixed pulp, lifepo4, the mass ratio of acetylene black and pvdf be 8:1:1；This slurry is used
Uniformly blade coating, in the aluminum foil current collector of surfacing, is dried 12h to knife blade under the conditions of 120 DEG C in vacuum drying oven, punching
Become the electrode disk of a diameter of 14mm, and after 1mpa compacting, the glove box being placed in full of argon is standby.
3rd, the assembling of button cell: Electrode is made using ferrous phosphate pole piece, metal lithium sheet is made to electrode, with step
A rapid polymer dielectric film of ionic liquid gel containing allyl functional as the electrolyte of battery, in the glove full of argon
2025 button cells are assembled in case.
The present invention is prepared for a kind of gel polymer electrolyte of the functionalized ion liquid containing pi-allyl, and this electrolyte is
A kind of gel elasticity self-supporting film, has the advantages that heat stability is high, no combustibility, small toxicity, no leakage, can greatly improve
The security performance of lithium ion battery.Electrochemical window about 6.0v, room temperature (25 DEG C) electrical conductivity are 2.7～3.5 × 10-3s·cm-1、
Lithium ion transference number is 0.5～0.7, and this polymer dielectric has excellent chemical property, with lifepo4Electrode material has
There are the preferable compatibility (specific capacity of battery is high, and decay is little) and stability.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the digital photograph of the gel polymer electrolyte prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the microscopic appearance of the gel polymer electrolyte prepared by embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the electrochemical window of the gel polymer electrolyte prepared by embodiment 1；
The cycle performance of the button cell that Fig. 4 is assembled by embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to act specific embodiment set forth below, also includes between each specific embodiment
Combination in any.
Specific embodiment one: present embodiment contains the preparation side of the polymer dielectric of allyl functional ionic liquid
Method, sequentially includes the following steps:
First, p (vdf-hfp) is dissolved in n- methyl pyrrolidone solvent, is stirred at room temperature and clarifies completely to solution,
Add lithium salts litfsi and ionic liquid pyrmeatfsi in settled solution, under room temperature, mix and blend 15～20h obtains gel
Shape mixture；
2nd, the gelatinous mixture that step one obtains is poured in Teflon mould, true under the conditions of 60 DEG C～100 DEG C
Empty dry 12～24h, takes out after being dried, you can obtain the polymer dielectric film of ionic liquid gel containing allyl functional.
P (vdf-hfp) is high molecular polymer Kynoar-hexafluoropropene, buys from U.S.'s Aldrich Chemical examination
Agent company, litfsi is bis-trifluoromethylsulfoandimide lithium, buys from upper marine origin victory Chemical Co., Ltd..
Specific embodiment two: present embodiment from unlike specific embodiment one: p (vdf-hfp) in step one
Mass ratio with n- methyl pyrrolidone is 1:5～10.Other identical with specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment three: present embodiment from unlike specific embodiment one or two: p (vdf- in step one
Hfp), the mol ratio of pyrmeatfsi, litfsi three is 1:1:1～3.Other identical with specific embodiment one or two.
Specific embodiment four: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three: in step one
The preparation method of pyrmeatfsi: by chlorination n- pi-allyl-n- methylpyrrole (pyrmeacl) in deionized water with lithium salts
Litfsi carries out ion exchange, stirring reaction 8h under room temperature, then stands 15 minutes, removes upper strata molten after solution layering to be mixed
Liquid, adds appropriate amount of deionized water cleaning lower floor solution, and stirring stands 15 minutes after 15 minutes, removes upper solution；So repeatedly
Cleaning, halogen ion-free in solution, it is vacuum dried eliminating water, be stored in standby in drying baker.Other and specific embodiment
One of one to three is identical.
Described chlorination n- pi-allyl-n- methylpyrrole (pyrmeacl) is bought in upper marine origin victory Chemical Co., Ltd..
Course of reaction is as follows:
pyrmeacl+litfsi→pyrmeatfsi+licl
The structural formula of pyrmeatfsi is as shown below:
Specific embodiment five: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to four: mix under room temperature
Stirring 18h.Other identical one of with specific embodiment one to four.
Specific embodiment six: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to five: 70 in step 2
DEG C～90 DEG C under the conditions of be vacuum dried 14～22h.Other identical one of with specific embodiment one to five.
Specific embodiment seven: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to five: 80 in step 2
It is vacuum dried 20h under the conditions of DEG C.Other identical one of with specific embodiment one to five.
Specific embodiment eight: the polymer dielectric that present embodiment contains allyl functional ionic liquid is used for assembling
Lithium ion battery, method particularly includes:
First, allyl functional ionic liquid gel polymer dielectric film will be contained and be washed into diameter 16mm disk, standby；
2nd, the preparation of ferrous phosphate pole piece: bonding agent pvdf is mixed into after stirring in solvent nmp, with electrode material
Material lifepo4With conductive agent acetylene black mixed pulp, lifepo4, the mass ratio of acetylene black and pvdf be 8:1:1；This slurry is used
Uniformly blade coating, in the aluminum foil current collector of surfacing, is dried 12h to knife blade under the conditions of 120 DEG C in vacuum drying oven, punching
Become the electrode disk of a diameter of 14mm, and after 1mpa compacting, the glove box being placed in full of argon is standby.
3rd, the assembling of button cell: Electrode is made using ferrous phosphate pole piece, metal lithium sheet is made to electrode, with step
A rapid polymer dielectric film of ionic liquid gel containing allyl functional as the electrolyte of battery, in the glove full of argon
2025 button cells are assembled in case.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment contains the method for preparing polymer electrolytes of allyl functional ionic liquid, enters according to the following steps
OK:
First, p (vdf-hfp) is dissolved in n- methyl pyrrolidone (nmp) solvent, is stirred at room temperature complete to solution
Clarification, adds lithium salts litfsi and ionic liquid pyrmeatfsi, under room temperature, mix and blend 15h obtains gel in settled solution
Shape mixture；P (vdf-hfp) is 1:8 with the mass ratio of n- methyl pyrrolidone, p (vdf-hfp), pyrmeatfsi, litfsi
The mol ratio of three is 1:1:2.
2nd, the gelatinous mixture that step one obtains is poured in Teflon mould, be vacuum dried under the conditions of 80 DEG C
20h, to remove nmp, takes out after being dried, you can obtain the polymer dielectric film of ionic liquid gel containing allyl functional.
Allyl functional ionic liquid gel polymer dielectric film will be contained and be washed into diameter 16mm disk, standby；
The preparation of ferrous phosphate pole piece: bonding agent pvdf is mixed into after stirring in solvent nmp, with electrode material
lifepo4With conductive agent acetylene black mixed pulp, lifepo4, the mass ratio of acetylene black and pvdf be 8:1:1；By this slurry hands
Uniformly blade coating, in the aluminum foil current collector of surfacing, is dried 12h under the conditions of 120 DEG C in vacuum drying oven, is washed into art blade
The electrode disk of a diameter of 14mm, and after 1mpa compacting, the glove box being placed in full of argon is standby.
The assembling of button cell: Electrode is made using ferrous phosphate pole piece, metal lithium sheet is made to electrode, with step one
The polymer dielectric film of ionic liquid gel containing allyl functional as the electrolyte of battery, in the glove box full of argon
Assemble 2025 button cells.
This electrolyte is a kind of gel elasticity self-supporting film, and room temperature (25 DEG C) electrical conductivity is 3.1 × 10-3s·cm-1, lithium from
Sub- transport number is 0.6.Fig. 1 is the digital photograph of this electrolyte, and Fig. 2 is microscopic appearance photo.Fig. 3 is this electrolyte electrochemical
Window test result is it can be seen that this electrolyte electrochemical window about 6.0v.Fig. 4 is this electrolyte and lifepo4Assembling
The cycle performance test result of half-cell, in Fig. 4, represents charging, and △ represents electric discharge, and zero represents coulomb effect
Rate.It can be seen that the specific capacity of charge and discharge first of this battery is respectively 152.7mah g-1、131.7mah·g-1,
With the carrying out of circulation, the specific capacity of battery is gradually reduced, and after 2 circulations, the charge and discharge capacity of half-cell drops to respectively
124.1mah·g-1、122.1mah·g-1, capability retention is 93%, and battery shows excellent cycle performance.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment contains the method for preparing polymer electrolytes of allyl functional ionic liquid, enters according to the following steps
OK:
First, p (vdf-hfp) is dissolved in n- methyl pyrrolidone (nmp) solvent, is stirred at room temperature complete to solution
Clarification, adds lithium salts litfsi and ionic liquid pyrmeatfsi, under room temperature, mix and blend 20h obtains gel in settled solution
Shape mixture；P (vdf-hfp) is 1:5 with the mass ratio of n- methyl pyrrolidone, p (vdf-hfp), pyrmeatfsi, litfsi
The mol ratio of three is 1:1:1,
2nd, the gelatinous mixture that step one obtains is poured in Teflon mould, be vacuum dried under the conditions of 60 DEG C
12h, to remove nmp, takes out after being dried, you can obtain the polymer dielectric film of ionic liquid gel containing allyl functional.
Allyl functional ionic liquid gel polymer dielectric film will be contained and be washed into diameter 16mm disk, standby；
The preparation of ferrous phosphate pole piece: bonding agent pvdf is mixed into after stirring in solvent nmp, with electrode material
lifepo4With conductive agent acetylene black mixed pulp, lifepo4, the mass ratio of acetylene black and pvdf be 8:1:1；By this slurry hands
Uniformly blade coating, in the aluminum foil current collector of surfacing, is dried 12h under the conditions of 120 DEG C in vacuum drying oven, is washed into art blade
The electrode disk of a diameter of 14mm, and after 1mpa compacting, the glove box being placed in full of argon is standby.
The assembling of button cell: Electrode is made using ferrous phosphate pole piece, metal lithium sheet is made to electrode, with step one
The polymer dielectric film of ionic liquid gel containing allyl functional as the electrolyte of battery, in the glove box full of argon
Assemble 2025 button cells.
This electrolyte is a kind of gel elasticity self-supporting film, and room temperature (25 DEG C) electrical conductivity is 2.7 × 10-3s·cm-1, electrification
Learn window about 6.0v, lithium ion transference number is 0.5.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment contains the method for preparing polymer electrolytes of allyl functional ionic liquid, enters according to the following steps
OK:
First, p (vdf-hfp) is dissolved in n- methyl pyrrolidone (nmp) solvent, is stirred at room temperature complete to solution
Clarification, adds lithium salts litfsi and ionic liquid pyrmeatfsi, under room temperature, mix and blend 20h obtains gel in settled solution
Shape mixture；The mass ratio of p (vdf-hfp) and n- methyl pyrrolidone is 1:10, p (vdf-hfp), pyrmeatfsi,
The mol ratio of litfsi three is 1:1:3,
2nd, the gelatinous mixture that step one obtains is poured in Teflon mould, be vacuum dried under the conditions of 100 DEG C
24h, to remove nmp, takes out after being dried, you can obtain the polymer dielectric film of ionic liquid gel containing allyl functional.
Allyl functional ionic liquid gel polymer dielectric film will be contained and be washed into diameter 16mm disk, standby；
The preparation of ferrous phosphate pole piece: bonding agent pvdf is mixed into after stirring in solvent nmp, with electrode material
lifepo4With conductive agent acetylene black mixed pulp, lifepo4, the mass ratio of acetylene black and pvdf be 8:1:1；By this slurry hands
Uniformly blade coating, in the aluminum foil current collector of surfacing, is dried 12h under the conditions of 120 DEG C in vacuum drying oven, is washed into art blade
The electrode disk of a diameter of 14mm, and after 1mpa compacting, the glove box being placed in full of argon is standby.
The assembling of button cell: Electrode is made using ferrous phosphate pole piece, metal lithium sheet is made to electrode, with step one
The polymer dielectric film of ionic liquid gel containing allyl functional as the electrolyte of battery, in the glove box full of argon
Assemble 2025 button cells.
This electrolyte is a kind of gel elasticity self-supporting film, and room temperature (25 DEG C) electrical conductivity is 3.5 × 10-3s·cm-1, electrification
Learn window about 6.0v, lithium ion transference number is 0.7.
Claims (7)
1. contain the method for preparing polymer electrolytes of allyl functional ionic liquid it is characterised in that the method presses following step
Suddenly carry out:
First, p (vdf-hfp) is dissolved in n- methyl pyrrolidone solvent, is stirred at room temperature and clarifies completely to solution, Xiang Cheng
In clear solution add lithium salts litfsi and ionic liquid pyrmeatfsi, under room temperature mix and blend 15～20h obtain gel mix
Compound；
2nd, the gelatinous mixture that step one obtains is poured in Teflon mould, under the conditions of 60 DEG C～100 DEG C, vacuum is done
Dry 12～24h, takes out after being dried, you can obtain the polymer dielectric film of ionic liquid gel containing allyl functional.
2. the method for preparing polymer electrolytes containing allyl functional ionic liquid according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be that p in step one (vdf-hfp) is 1:5～10 with the mass ratio of n- methyl pyrrolidone.
3. the method for preparing polymer electrolytes containing allyl functional ionic liquid according to claim 1, it is special
Levy be p in step one (vdf-hfp), pyrmeatfsi, litfsi three mol ratio be 1:1:1～3.
4. the method for preparing polymer electrolytes containing allyl functional ionic liquid according to claim 1, it is special
Levy the preparation method being pyrmeatfsi in step one: by chlorination n- pi-allyl-n- methylpyrrole (pyrmeacl) go from
Carry out ion exchange with lithium salts litfsi in sub- water, stirring reaction 8h under room temperature, then stand 15 minutes, solution layering to be mixed
After remove upper solution, add appropriate amount of deionized water cleaning lower floor solution, stirring stands 15 minutes after 15 minutes, removes upper strata molten
Liquid；So repeatedly clean, halogen ion-free in solution, be vacuum dried eliminating water, be stored in standby in drying baker.
5. the method for preparing polymer electrolytes containing allyl functional ionic liquid according to claim 1, it is special
Levy in mix and blend 18h at room temperature.
6. the method for preparing polymer electrolytes containing allyl functional ionic liquid according to claim 1, it is special
Levy vacuum drying 14～22h under the conditions of being 70 DEG C～90 DEG C in step 2.
7. the method for preparing polymer electrolytes containing allyl functional ionic liquid according to claim 1, it is special
Levy vacuum drying 20h under the conditions of being 80 DEG C in step 2.
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| CN107293780B (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2019-08-02 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of quasi-solid electrolyte and preparation method thereof of the lithium battery based on ionic liquid |
| CN108963326A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-07 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of high security sodium-ion battery gel state electrolyte film, preparation method and applications |
| CN111430779B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2022-11-01 | 孚能科技(赣州)股份有限公司 | Electrolyte raw material composition, electrolyte, lithium ion secondary battery and preparation method thereof |
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