CN104409301A - Axial foil-free diode composite guiding magnetic field system - Google Patents
Axial foil-free diode composite guiding magnetic field system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104409301A CN104409301A CN201410624510.6A CN201410624510A CN104409301A CN 104409301 A CN104409301 A CN 104409301A CN 201410624510 A CN201410624510 A CN 201410624510A CN 104409301 A CN104409301 A CN 104409301A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
- H01J23/08—Focusing arrangements, e.g. for concentrating stream of electrons, for preventing spreading of stream
- H01J23/087—Magnetic focusing arrangements
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Abstract
The invention discloses an axial foil-free diode composite guiding magnetic field system, which comprises an insulator, an anode cylinder, an annular cathode, a drift tube, a solenoid, a magnet column and a permanent magnet ring, wherein the solenoid, the magnet column and the permanent magnet ring are installed at the outer side of the drift tube in an enclosing mode; one side of the drift tube is provided with the annular cathode, and the other side of the annular cathode is connected with one end of the magnet column; and the other end of the magnet column penetrates through the permanent magnet ring and the insulator and is connected with the external part. According to the invention, stable and efficient transmission for electron beams in the axial direction is realized through using the permanent magnet ring, the solenoid and the soft magnet in a combination mode. In addition, the system disclosed by the invention is compact in structure, light in weight and low in power required to be consumed, and the generated magnetic field distribution can be adjusted conveniently.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to introduction by magnetic field field, be specifically related to a kind of axial event-free survival compound guiding field system be combined to form by permanent-magnetic clamp, solenoid, soft magnetic bodies.
Background technology
In the practical evolution of High-Power Microwave origin system, the high efficiency of system and miniaturization are vital factors.In order to realize this target, except making great efforts to improve microwave components design level thus improve except its operating efficiency, be also important direction to the Optimal improvements of the system such as electron beam source, guiding magnetic field.Axial event-free survival is diode form conventional in high-power microwave source, and its guiding magnetic field system mainly contains the forms such as solenoid, cryogenic magnetic field, permanent-magnetic clamp.Wherein cryogenic magnetic field system manufactures and operating cost is high and auxiliary device is huge; Permanent-magnetic clamp is difficult on large-size, provide uniform axial magnetic field, and therefore these two kinds of field system application are less.Solenoidal field is the axial event-free survival guiding magnetic field be most widely used at present, and it has, and cost is relatively low, the feature such as large-size uniform magnetic field, flexible structure can be provided changeable, but also has some inevitable shortcomings.Solenoidal field is middle by force, two ends are weak, is divergent shape at the end magnetic field line in magnetic field.In order to improve the efficiency of transmission of electronics, adopt mode negative electrode being immersed into solenoid center homogeneity range more.But the unavoidable like this waste causing solenoid end magnetic field, and a small amount of backflow electronics easily bombards insulator along the counter motion of end magnetic field line causes insulation breakdown or bombardment anode canister to cause electron energy loss.In addition, in order to meet requirement of withstand voltage, needing between solenoid inwall and cathode rod to keep comparatively Large space, causing the volume of solenoid and accessory power equipment, weight, energy consumption comparatively large, being unfavorable for that mobile platform is applied.
At published patent application (application number: disclose radial event-free survival guiding magnetic field system 201310448430.5), utilize permanent-magnetic clamp in conjunction with spiral disk, axial magnetic field both making is cancelled out each other, radial magnetic field superposes mutually, achieve and the guiding of radial electron emission is transmitted, this system effectively reduces volume and the quality of whole system, reduces power consumption.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the deficiency in order to overcome existing axial event-free survival guiding magnetic field system, proposing a kind of novel axial event-free survival compound guiding field system, being combined to form primarily of permanent-magnetic clamp, solenoid, soft magnetic bodies.This system has the advantage that volume is little, lightweight, energy consumption is low, can provide the even axial lead magnetic field of large-size, realize the high-efficiency transfer of axial event-free survival electron beam.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of axial event-free survival compound guiding field system, comprises insulator, anode canister, hollow cathode, drift pipe and around the solenoid be arranged on outside drift pipe, magnetic column and permanent-magnetic clamp; The side of described drift tube arranges hollow cathode, and the opposite side of hollow cathode is connected with one end of described magnetic column; The other end of magnetic column is connected with outside with insulator through permanent-magnetic clamp successively.
In technique scheme, between described hollow cathode and drift tube, be provided with gap.
In technique scheme, the length of described magnetic column is greater than the length of permanent-magnetic clamp
In technique scheme, between described permanent-magnetic clamp and hollow cathode, be provided with gap.
In technique scheme, described permanent-magnetic clamp and and insulator between be provided with gap.
In technique scheme, the diameter of described magnetic column is greater than the overall diameter of hollow cathode.
In technique scheme, described magnetic column is soft magnetic bodies.
In technique scheme, the equal concentric of described magnetic column, permanent-magnetic clamp, hollow cathode, drift tube is arranged.
In technique scheme, the diameter of described magnetic column, the position between length and permanent magnet are adjustable.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
In the present invention, by permanent-magnetic clamp, solenoid, the combinationally using of soft magnetic bodies, achieve the stability and high efficiency rate transmission of electron beams, and system configuration is compact, weight is lower, need the power that consumes low, the Distribution of Magnetic Field of generation can regulate easily.
In the present invention, permanent-magnetic clamp is used effectively to improve the magnetic field intensity of solenoid end; The front end of soft magnetic bodies extends between permanent-magnetic clamp and hollow cathode, further enhances the magnetic field intensity of cathode emission area while ensureing to have enough withstand voltage distances between permanent-magnetic clamp and anode canister; Soft magnetic bodies diameter is greater than the diameter of cathode loop, ensure that cathode emission area magnetic field's regularity, the magnetic line of force parallels to the axis and is uniformly distributed, the electron beam launched when magnetic field intensity is enough large also transmits into drift pipe smoothly around magnetic line of force rotary motion under Lorentz force effect, high efficiency of transmission under the uniform magnetic field effect of solenoid generation afterwards, in whole process, the efficiency of transmission of electron beam is high.In addition, when there is a small amount of backflow electronics, soft magnetic bodies can stop, avoids the bombardment of duplet insulator and the energy loss of electronics.
In the present invention, because negative electrode does not need to be immersed in solenoid uniform magnetic field region, reduce the demand to solenoid length on the one hand, withstand voltage distance is kept with cathode rod on the other hand because solenoidal internal diameter is no longer limited to, in the same magnetic field intensity situation of generation, compare normal spiral pipe guiding magnetic field system and need less coil weight and power, make total system compacter, light.
The present invention designs ingenious, and structure is simply easy to realize, easy to use and make and maintenance cost lower, volume is little, lightweight, and energy consumption is low, highly beneficial in mobile platform application, has outstanding substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement, applicable large-scale promotion application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of Fig. 1;
Wherein: 1 is insulator, 2 is anode canisters, and 3 is permanent-magnetic clamps, and 4 is solenoids, and 5 is drift pipes, and 6 is hollow cathodes, and 7 is soft magnetic bodies.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, axial event-free survival in the present invention comprises the hollow cathode having certain thickness circular annular conductors and form, the insulator be made up of nylon or other insulating material, the outside anode canister be made up of conductor, and the drift pipe be made up of conductor.Compound guiding field system comprises the soft magnetic bodies being connected to hollow cathode rear end, being made up of A3 steel or other soft magnetic materials, be co-axially mounted on the permanent-magnetic clamp be made up of permanent magnetic material outside soft magnetic bodies, and be positioned on front side of hollow cathode and be arranged on the solenoid of drift pipe outside.In the present invention, the interstitial area of hollow cathode between permanent-magnetic clamp and solenoid, permanent-magnetic clamp adopts the mode of radial magnetizing, and the magnetic field that permanent-magnetic clamp is formed superposes with solenoidal end magnetic field, and the magnetic field at hollow cathode place is enhanced.But in order to ensure effective insulation of permanent-magnetic clamp and anode canister, make the distance between permanent-magnetic clamp and solenoid comparatively large, magnetic reinforcement effect is not enough; Adopt soft magnetic bodies and permanent-magnetic clamp coaxially to install, front and back end connecting insulator and the hollow cathode respectively of soft magnetic bodies, its total length exceedes permanent-magnetic clamp.The use of soft magnetic bodies further enhancing the magnetic field intensity at cathode emission face place.The diameter of soft magnetic bodies is greater than the diameter of hollow cathode, makes cathode emission face place's magnetic line of force and axis being parallel, extends to solenoid inside equably.Ensureing under the prerequisite that magnetic field intensity is enough large, the electronics of cathode emission does around these magnetic lines of force the motion rotated forward and also successfully enters in drift pipe under Lorentz force effect, and can not get on anode canister or drift pipe and cause damage, and under the effect of solenoid uniform magnetic field further smoothly onwards transmission, thus realize high-transmission efficiency.Even if there is the electronics that refluxes on a small quantity, soft magnetic bodies also can stop them, thus avoids the bombardment to insulator and anode canister.In the present invention, because solenoidal end magnetic field is utilized effectively, because this reducing required solenoid total length.In addition, hollow cathode does not need to be immersed in solenoid uniform magnetic field region, therefore the insulating requirements of solenoid internal diameter not demand fulfillment and cathode rod, solenoid size reduces further, these two aspects effect makes solenoid structure compacter, there is provided the power consumption needed for same magnetic field intensity also lower, be conducive to mobile platform application.
Give in the present embodiment a kind of for guiding the electron beams transmission of 5.6GW power time, being specifically of a size of of the present embodiment: anode canister adopts non-magnetic rustproof Steel material, and inside radius is 309mm; Hollow cathode inside radius 19mm outer radius 22mm, material is magnetism-free stainless steel; Permanent-magnetic clamp outer radius 115mm, inside radius 47.5mm, axial length 55mm, the magnetic trade mark is N45, and the direction of magnetization is radial direction, and permanent-magnetic clamp front end face and anode canister right side are at a distance of 100mm; Soft magnet material is A3 steel, total length 240mm, is 84mm with the diameter of permanent-magnetic clamp coupling part, and the relative permanent-magnetic clamp front end face of soft magnetic bodies front end face extends 50mm forward, is connected with hollow cathode; Drift pipe adopts non-magnetic rustproof Steel material, outer radius 43.5mm, inside radius 40mm, axial length 400mm; It is outside that solenoid is arranged on drift pipe, coil inside radius 47.5mm, outer radius 168.5mm, axial length 400mm, and adopt 6mm*6mm copper wire winding, the electric current that wire circulates is 150A, and the type of cooling is water-cooled.Adopt above compound guiding field system, simulation obtains electron beams transmission locus.Numerical simulation result shows: when axial event-free survival running parameter is 700kV, 8kA, in emulation, electronics all can be conveyed through drift pipe smoothly, does not find that electronics gets to the situation of anode canister and drift tube wall.In this compound guiding field system, permanent-magnetic clamp weight is about 14.1kg, and soft magnetic bodies weight is about 7.5kg, and coil weight is about 216kg, and coil power dissipation is about 16kW.And corresponding coil weight is about 420kg when adopting traditional solenoidal field to guide the electron beams of above-mentioned parameter, coil power dissipation is about 30kW.Axial event-free survival compound guiding field system in visible employing the present embodiment, weight reduction in comparable employing conventional solenoid magnetic field surpasses 40%, and coil power dissipation reduction surpasses 40%, has great advantage for mobile platform application tool.
The present invention is not limited to aforesaid embodiment.The present invention expands to any new feature of disclosing in this manual or any combination newly, and the step of the arbitrary new method disclosed or process or any combination newly.
Claims (9)
1. an axial event-free survival compound guiding field system, comprises insulator, anode canister, hollow cathode, drift pipe and around the solenoid be arranged on outside drift pipe; It is characterized in that comprising magnetic column and permanent-magnetic clamp; The side of described drift tube arranges hollow cathode, and the opposite side of hollow cathode is connected with one end of described magnetic column; The other end of magnetic column is connected with outside with insulator through permanent-magnetic clamp successively.
2. one according to claim 1 axial event-free survival compound guiding field system, is characterized in that being provided with gap between described hollow cathode and drift tube.
3. one according to claim 1 axial event-free survival compound guiding field system, is characterized in that the length of described magnetic column is greater than the length of permanent-magnetic clamp.
4. the axial event-free survival compound guiding of the one according to claim 1 or 3 field system, is characterized in that being provided with gap between described permanent-magnetic clamp and hollow cathode.
5. one according to claim 1 or 3 axial event-free survival compound guiding field system, it is characterized in that described permanent-magnetic clamp and and insulator between be provided with gap.
6. one according to claim 1 axial event-free survival compound guiding field system, is characterized in that the diameter of described magnetic column is greater than the overall diameter of hollow cathode.
7. the axial event-free survival compound guiding of the one according to claim 1 or 3 or 6 field system, is characterized in that described magnetic column is soft magnetic bodies.
8., according to one according to claim 1 axial event-free survival compound guiding field system, it is characterized in that the equal concentric of described magnetic column, permanent-magnetic clamp, hollow cathode, drift tube is arranged.
9. one according to claim 1 axial event-free survival compound guiding field system, is characterized in that the diameter of described magnetic column, the position between length and permanent magnet is adjustable.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410624510.6A CN104409301B (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2014-11-10 | A kind of axially event-free survival compound guiding field system |
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| CN201410624510.6A CN104409301B (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2014-11-10 | A kind of axially event-free survival compound guiding field system |
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| CN104409301B CN104409301B (en) | 2016-06-08 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106876231A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-20 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Zigzag profiled-cross-section solenoid magnet field structure inside and outside a kind of integrated segmented |
| CN107887449A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-06 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | It is a kind of can remote adjustment beam parameter compact high current diode |
| CN107895719A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-10 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | A kind of adjustable high impedance miniaturization high-voltage diode |
| CN107895719B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2024-07-02 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Adjustable high-impedance miniaturized high-voltage diode |
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| US4331936A (en) * | 1979-11-09 | 1982-05-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Free electron laser employing an expanded hollow intense electron beam and periodic radial magnetic field |
| CN103474314A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-25 | 西南交通大学 | Radial foil-free diode guiding magnetic field system |
| CN204155899U (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-02-11 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | A kind of axial event-free survival compound guiding field system |
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2014
- 2014-11-10 CN CN201410624510.6A patent/CN104409301B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
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| US4331936A (en) * | 1979-11-09 | 1982-05-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Free electron laser employing an expanded hollow intense electron beam and periodic radial magnetic field |
| CN103474314A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-25 | 西南交通大学 | Radial foil-free diode guiding magnetic field system |
| CN204155899U (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-02-11 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | A kind of axial event-free survival compound guiding field system |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106876231A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-20 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Zigzag profiled-cross-section solenoid magnet field structure inside and outside a kind of integrated segmented |
| CN106876231B (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-12-28 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | It is a kind of integration segmented inside and outside zigzag profiled-cross-section solenoid magnet field structure |
| CN107887449A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-06 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | It is a kind of can remote adjustment beam parameter compact high current diode |
| CN107895719A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-10 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | A kind of adjustable high impedance miniaturization high-voltage diode |
| CN107887449B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2024-05-14 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Compact type high-current diode capable of remotely adjusting beam parameters |
| CN107895719B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2024-07-02 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Adjustable high-impedance miniaturized high-voltage diode |
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| CN104409301B (en) | 2016-06-08 |
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