CN104408750A - Method and system for calculating proportion of seawater to land - Google Patents
Method and system for calculating proportion of seawater to land Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for calculating the proportion of seawater to land. The method comprises steps that, according to the land and seawater underlying surface states, binary gray images of land and seawater proportion regions are calculated through drafting and cutting; pixels of each boundary point in the binary gray images are acquired through detection; in the detected pixel scope, distances from a random point to the position point are calculated; the area ratio of the seawater to the land in an Rad scope is calculated by utilizing the distances from the random point to the position point. The invention further relates to a system for calculating the proportion of the seawater to the land. According to the method and the system, the area ratio of the seawater to the land in a preset scope of each latitude and longitude position point can be accurately calculated, and a problem of large difficulty in forecasting offshore typhoons in the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and system calculating seawater land ratio.
Background technology
Typhoon, also known as hurricane, is be formed at the tropical cyclone on the torrid zone or the wide sea of subtropics sea-surface temperature (SST) more than 26 DEG C.Usually bring rough weather when typhoon passes by, cause sea billow, serious threat safety of maritime navigation.The violent storm brought after Landed Typhoon can destroy crops, various Architectural Equipments etc., causes the massive losses of people's life, property.Therefore, typhoon forecasts typhoon track, intensity of typhoon, the intensity of rainfall and strong wind and distribution situation to the public before logging in timely and accurately, and to protection life security, to reduce property loss be vital.
Along with the development of numerical model, in the prediction research of typhoon, Typhoon Route Forecast holds a safe lead than the forecast of intensity of typhoon and the distribution of typhoon wind and rain.In intensity of typhoon forecast, past is over more than 20 year, the same with Ge great typhoon warning center of the world, China's intensity of typhoon operational forecast progress slowly, method mainly some climatic persistence method and statistical-dynamic models of widespread use in current operation forecast, external more and more statistical method now goes Research on typhoon Strength Changes, as the intensity of typhoon statistical fluctuation (STIPS) of American Association typhoon warning center, the hurricane strength statistics specialty (SHIFOR) of American National Hurricane Center and hurricane strength statistical fluctuation scheme (SHIPS) etc., current China there is no similar discuss and study.
The influence factor that coastal waters intensity of typhoon develops has: vertical wind shear, sea surface temperature, Circulation Features on the middle and senior level, vapor transfer etc., wherein, the most important thing is the impact of underlying surface, because seawater is the source of typhoon power.So how to calculate underlying surface land and water ratio, do not have corresponding method can be for reference at present.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, be necessary to provide a kind of method and system calculating seawater land ratio.
The invention provides a kind of method calculating seawater land ratio, the method comprises the steps: the underlying surface situation of a. according to land, seawater, draws and cuts out the two-value gray level image obtained for calculating ratio area, seawater land; B. the pixel obtaining each frontier point in above-mentioned two-value gray level image is detected; C., in the pixel coverage that above-mentioned detection obtains, the distance of arbitrfary point to location point is calculated; D. utilize arbitrfary point obtained above to the distance of location point, calculate the area ratio on Rad scope maritime interior waters and land.
Wherein, described step a comprises: according to land, seawater underlying surface situation, draws high-resolution land, seawater two dimension underlying surface image; From the two-dimentional underlying surface image of above-mentioned drafting, cut out the underlying surface image obtained for calculating ratio area, seawater land; The above-mentioned underlying surface image procossing cut out is obtained two-value gray level image; Read the two-dimensional matrix form of the two-value gray level image that above-mentioned process obtains.
Described two-value gray level image is obtained by mapping software process such as PHOTOSHOP.
Calculating A point in described step c to the distance of B point is:
C＝sin(β
1)*sin(β
2)+cos(β
1)*cos(β
2)*cos(α
1-α
2)
，
dist＝R*arcos(C)
Wherein, the longitude of A point is α 1, latitude is β 1; The longitude of B point is α 2, latitude is β 2, and wherein, α 1, α 2, β 1, β 2 is radian, and earth radius is R.
Described steps d comprises: calculate the number summation S that all distances are less than the pixel within the scope of radius R ad; The two-dimensional matrix value calculated within the scope of Rad adds up sum T; Calculate the ratio of T and S, obtaining take Rad as the area ratio on seawater in radius and land.
The present invention also provides a kind of system calculating seawater land ratio, comprise drafting module, detection module and computing module, wherein: described drafting module is used for the underlying surface situation according to land, seawater, draw and cut out the two-value gray level image obtained for calculating ratio area, seawater land; Described detection module obtains the pixel of each frontier point in above-mentioned two-value gray level image for detecting; Described computing module is used in the pixel coverage that above-mentioned detection obtains, and calculates the distance of arbitrfary point to location point; Described computing module also for utilizing arbitrfary point obtained above to the distance of location point, calculates the area ratio on Rad scope maritime interior waters and land.
Wherein, described drafting module specifically for: according to land, seawater underlying surface situation, draw high-resolution land, seawater two dimension underlying surface image; From the two-dimentional underlying surface image of above-mentioned drafting, cut out the underlying surface image obtained for calculating ratio area, seawater land; The above-mentioned underlying surface image procossing cut out is obtained two-value gray level image; Read the two-dimensional matrix form of the two-value gray level image that above-mentioned process obtains.
Described two-value gray level image is obtained by mapping software process such as PHOTOSHOP.
Described computing module calculating A point to the distance of B point is:
C＝sin(β
1)*sin(β
2)+cos(β
1)*cos(β
2)*cos(α
1-α
2)
，
dist＝R*arcos(C)
Wherein, the longitude of A point is α 1, latitude is β 1; The longitude of B point is α 2, latitude is β 2, and wherein, α 1, α 2, β 1, β 2 is radian, and earth radius is R.
Described computing module specifically for: calculate the number summation S that all distances are less than the pixel within the scope of radius R ad; The two-dimensional matrix value calculated within the scope of Rad adds up sum T; Calculate the ratio of T and S, obtaining take Rad as the area ratio on seawater in radius and land.
A kind of method and system calculating seawater land ratio of the present invention, accurately can calculate the area ratio on seawater in each its preset range of longitude and latitude location point and land, when analysis and prediction typhoon coastal waters logs in, seawater area and ocean temperature are on the impact of intensity of typhoon, improve the present situation that present stage coastal waters intensity of typhoon forecast difficulty is large.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of process flow diagram calculating the method for seawater land ratio of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of hardware structure figure calculating the system of seawater land ratio of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Consulting shown in Fig. 1, is a kind of operation process chart calculating the method preferred embodiment of seawater land ratio of the present invention.
The present embodiment is described for South China's underlying surface image:
Step S401, according to the underlying surface situation of land, the Northern Hemisphere, seawater, draws and cuts out the two-value gray level image obtaining South China.Specific as follows:
The first step, according to land, Southeast Asia, the Northern Hemisphere, Pacific Ocean underlying surface situation, draws land, Southeast Asia, the high-resolution Northern Hemisphere, Pacific Ocean two dimension underlying surface image.
Second step, from the two-dimentional underlying surface image of above-mentioned drafting, cuts out the underlying surface image obtaining South China.Because the latitude scope of South China is 1 ~ 52 degree, longitude range is 98 ~ 153 degree, therefore the present embodiment cuts out out the underlying surface image of latitude scope 1 ~ 52 degree, longitude range 98 ~ 153 degree.
3rd step, obtains two-value gray level image by the above-mentioned underlying surface image procossing cut out.Specifically: the above-mentioned underlying surface image cut out is processed into two-value gray level image by mapping software by the present embodiment.Described mapping software comprises: the mapping software of PHOTOSHOP and Windows system.
4th step, reads the two-value gray level image that above-mentioned process obtains.Specifically: the result that the present embodiment reads above-mentioned two-value gray level image is two-dimensional matrix form, and wherein " 1 " represents land, and " 0 " represents ocean.
Step S402, detects the pixel obtaining each frontier point in above-mentioned two-value gray level image, makes its pixel scope and longitude and latitude scope one_to_one corresponding.Specifically:
The present embodiment uses the mapping software of Windows system, detects the pixel obtaining each frontier point in above-mentioned two-value gray level image, is realized the scope of this pixel numerical value of traversal, make itself and longitude and latitude scope one_to_one corresponding by program code.
Step S403, in the pixel coverage that above-mentioned detection obtains, calculates the distance of arbitrfary point to location point.Specifically:
The present embodiment utilizes following method to obtain the distance of any two points on sphere:
Suppose that the longitude of A point is α 1, latitude is β 1; The longitude of B point is α 2, latitude is β 2, and wherein, α 1, α 2, β 1, β 2 is radian, and earth radius is R (Km).Arrange: east longitude is just, west longitude is negative simultaneously; North latitude is just, south latitude is negative.Then A point to the distance of B point is:
C＝sin(β
1)*sin(β
2)+cos(β
1)*cos(β
2)*cos(α
1-α
2)
Formula (1)
dist＝R*arcos(C)
Step S404, utilizes arbitrfary point obtained above to the distance of location point, calculates the area ratio on Rad scope maritime interior waters and land.Specific as follows:
The present embodiment calculates by formula (1) the number summation S that all dist are less than the pixel within the scope of radius R ad by comparing to obtain, two-dimensional matrix is drawn again by step S401, the add up ratio of sum T, T and S of the two-dimensional matrix value calculated within the scope of Rad can calculate the area ratio that this location point take Rad as seawater in radius and land.
Consulting shown in Fig. 2, is a kind of hardware structure figure calculating the system of seawater land ratio of the present invention.This system comprises drafting module, detection module and computing module.
The present embodiment is described for South China's underlying surface image:
Described drafting module is used for the underlying surface situation according to land, the Northern Hemisphere, seawater, draws and cuts out the two-value gray level image obtaining South China.Specific as follows:
The first step, according to land, Southeast Asia, the Northern Hemisphere, Pacific Ocean underlying surface situation, draws land, Southeast Asia, the high-resolution Northern Hemisphere, Pacific Ocean two dimension underlying surface image.
Second step, from the two-dimentional underlying surface image of above-mentioned drafting, cuts out the underlying surface image obtaining South China.Because the latitude scope of South China is 1 ~ 52 degree, longitude range is 98 ~ 153 degree, therefore the present embodiment cuts out out the underlying surface image of latitude scope 1 ~ 52 degree, longitude range 98 ~ 153 degree.
3rd step, obtains two-value gray level image by the above-mentioned underlying surface image cut out by mapping software process.Specifically: the above-mentioned underlying surface image cut out is processed into two-value gray level image by mapping software by the present embodiment.Described mapping software comprises: the mapping software of PHOTOSHOP and Windows system.
4th step, reads the two-value gray level image that above-mentioned process obtains.Specifically: the result that the present embodiment reads above-mentioned two-value gray level image is two-dimensional matrix form, and wherein " 1 " represents land, and " 0 " represents ocean.
Described detection module obtains the pixel of each frontier point in above-mentioned two-value gray level image for detecting, make its pixel scope and longitude and latitude scope one_to_one corresponding.Specifically:
The present embodiment uses the mapping software of Windows system, detects the pixel obtaining each frontier point in above-mentioned two-value gray level image, is realized the scope of this pixel numerical value of traversal, make itself and longitude and latitude scope one_to_one corresponding by program code.
Described computing module is used in the pixel coverage that above-mentioned detection obtains, and calculates the distance of arbitrfary point to location point.Specifically:
The present embodiment utilizes following method to obtain the distance of any two points on sphere:
Suppose that the longitude of A point is α 1, latitude is β 1; The longitude of B point is α 2, latitude is β 2, and wherein, α 1, α 2, β 1, β 2 is radian, and earth radius is R (Km).Arrange: east longitude is just, west longitude is negative simultaneously; North latitude is just, south latitude is negative.Then A point to the distance of B point is:
C＝sin(β
1)*sin(β
2)+cos(β
1)*cos(β
2)*cos(α
1-α
2)
Formula (1)
dist＝R*arcos(C)
Described computing module also for utilizing arbitrfary point obtained above to the distance of location point, calculates the area ratio on Rad scope maritime interior waters and land.Specific as follows:
The present embodiment calculates by formula (1) the number summation S that all dist are less than the pixel within the scope of radius R ad by comparing to obtain, two-dimensional matrix is drawn again by step S401, the add up ratio of sum T, T and S of the two-dimensional matrix value calculated within the scope of Rad can calculate the area ratio that this location point take Rad as seawater in radius and land.
The present invention is by the Validity Test of various longitude and latitude location point, and the contrast through actual conditions finds, the present invention accurately can calculate the seawater of each position and the area ratio on land.
Although the present invention is described with reference to current better embodiment; but those skilled in the art will be understood that; above-mentioned better embodiment is only used for the present invention is described; not be used for limiting protection scope of the present invention; any within the spirit and principles in the present invention scope; any modification of doing, equivalence replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. calculate a method for seawater land ratio, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
A. according to the underlying surface situation of land, seawater, draw and cut out the two-value gray level image obtained for calculating ratio area, seawater land;
B. the pixel obtaining each frontier point in above-mentioned two-value gray level image is detected;
C., in the pixel coverage that above-mentioned detection obtains, the distance of arbitrfary point to location point is calculated;
D. utilize arbitrfary point obtained above to the distance of location point, calculate the area ratio on Rad scope maritime interior waters and land.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described step a comprises:
According to land, seawater underlying surface situation, draw high-resolution land, seawater two dimension underlying surface image;
From the two-dimentional underlying surface image of above-mentioned drafting, cut out the underlying surface image obtained for calculating ratio area, seawater land;
The above-mentioned underlying surface image procossing cut out is obtained two-value gray level image;
Read the two-dimensional matrix form of the two-value gray level image that above-mentioned process obtains.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described two-value gray level image is obtained by mapping software process such as PHOTOSHOP.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, calculates A point to the distance of B point to be in described step c:
C＝sin(β
1)*sin(β
2)+cos(β
1)*cos(β
2)*cos(α
1-α
2)
，
dist＝R*arcos(C)
Wherein, the longitude of A point is α 1, latitude is β 1; The longitude of B point is α 2, latitude is β 2, and wherein, α 1, α 2, β 1, β 2 is radian, and earth radius is R.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described steps d comprises:
Calculate the number summation S that all distances are less than the pixel within the scope of radius R ad;
The two-dimensional matrix value calculated within the scope of Rad adds up sum T;
Calculate the ratio of T and S, obtaining take Rad as the area ratio on seawater in radius and land.
6. calculate a system for seawater land ratio, it is characterized in that, this system comprises drafting module, detection module and computing module, wherein:
Described drafting module is used for the underlying surface situation according to land, seawater, draws and cuts out the two-value gray level image obtained for calculating ratio area, seawater land;
Described detection module obtains the pixel of each frontier point in above-mentioned two-value gray level image for detecting;
Described computing module is used in the pixel coverage that above-mentioned detection obtains, and calculates the distance of arbitrfary point to location point;
Described computing module also for utilizing arbitrfary point obtained above to the distance of location point, calculates the area ratio on Rad scope maritime interior waters and land.
7. system as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described drafting module specifically for:
According to land, seawater underlying surface situation, draw high-resolution land, seawater two dimension underlying surface image;
From the two-dimentional underlying surface image of above-mentioned drafting, cut out the underlying surface image obtained for calculating ratio area, seawater land;
The above-mentioned underlying surface image procossing cut out is obtained two-value gray level image;
Read the two-dimensional matrix form of the two-value gray level image that above-mentioned process obtains.
8. system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described two-value gray level image is obtained by mapping software process such as PHOTOSHOP.
9. system as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described computing module calculating A point to the distance of B point is:
C＝sin(β
1)*sin(β
2)+cos(β
1)*cos(β
2)*cos(α
1-α
2)
，
dist＝R*arcos(C)
Wherein, the longitude of A point is α 1, latitude is β 1; The longitude of B point is α 2, latitude is β 2, and wherein, α 1, α 2, β 1, β 2 is radian, and earth radius is R.
10. system as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described computing module specifically for:
Calculate the number summation S that all distances are less than the pixel within the scope of radius R ad;
The two-dimensional matrix value calculated within the scope of Rad adds up sum T;
Calculate the ratio of T and S, obtaining take Rad as the area ratio on seawater in radius and land.
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| CN114942481A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-26 | 中国气象局上海台风研究所(上海市气象科学研究所) | Method and device for forecasting extreme value wind speed probability in tropical cyclone process and computer equipment |
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| CN105388536A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-03-09 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Forecasting method and system of speed of instantaneous extremely strong wind caused by tropical cyclone at coastal region |
| CN107679760A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-02-09 | 山东浪潮通软信息科技有限公司 | A kind of monitoring and managing method and device |
| CN114942481A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-26 | 中国气象局上海台风研究所(上海市气象科学研究所) | Method and device for forecasting extreme value wind speed probability in tropical cyclone process and computer equipment |
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