CN104407543A - Speed regulating switch of electric tool - Google Patents

Speed regulating switch of electric tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104407543A
CN104407543A CN201410629228.7A CN201410629228A CN104407543A CN 104407543 A CN104407543 A CN 104407543A CN 201410629228 A CN201410629228 A CN 201410629228A CN 104407543 A CN104407543 A CN 104407543A
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resistance
electric capacity
speed
chip microcomputer
type single
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CN201410629228.7A
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CN104407543B (en
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王和远
贺习海
贵以勇
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YUEQING CITY JLEVEL ELECTRIC APPLIANCE CO Ltd
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YUEQING CITY JLEVEL ELECTRIC APPLIANCE CO Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0428Safety, monitoring
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/26Pc applications

Abstract

The invention provides a speed regulating switch of an electric tool, which comprises a lithium battery, a voltage stabilizing and filtering circuit, a PWM speed regulation control circuit, a temperature sampling circuit, a speed regulation acquisition circuit, a current sampling circuit, a voltage sampling circuit, an MCU operation unit and an LED lighting circuit. According to implementation of the embodiment of the invention, the speed regulating switch not only has a temperature protection function, but also has overload, overvoltage and undervoltage protection functions, thereby improving the reliability of the electric tool.

Description

A kind of speed-regulating switch of electric tool
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric tool technical field, particularly relate to a kind of speed-regulating switch of electric tool.
Background technology
With motor or electromagnet for power, a kind of mechanized tool of working head is driven to be called electric tool by gear train.Due to electric tool have that design is light and handy, powerful, the advantage such as easy to use, therefore, be widely used in various occasion, common electric tool has electric drill, electric grinder, electric wrench and electric screw driver, electric hammer and electric impact drill, concrete vibrator, electric planer etc.
Electric tool is generally adopted and is held with a hand operation, realizes it start, stop and adjustment of rotational speed by switch.Specifically, the Main Function of the speed-regulating switch of electric tool first makes the motor of electric tool switch on power to slowly run, and then raised speed by alignment circuit, finally makes motor rotate at full speed.
Current; although the speed-regulating switch of electric tool uses Single-chip Controlling; but its function is perfect not enough; do not possess other defencive function; particularly due in electric tool use procedure, lithium battery internal resistance can change along with the change of temperature, and circuital current in speed-regulating switch is changed along with operating ambient temperature change; lack temperature protection function, thus reduce the reliability of electric tool.
Summary of the invention
Embodiment of the present invention technical matters to be solved is, provide a kind of speed-regulating switch of electric tool, it not only has temperature protection function, also has overload, overvoltage and under-voltage protection function, thus improves the reliability of electric tool.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, embodiments provide a kind of speed-regulating switch of electric tool, comprise lithium battery, filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing, PWM speed-regulating control circuit, temperature sampling circuit, speed governing Acquisition Circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit, MCU arithmetic element and LED illumination circuit.
Wherein, described MCU arithmetic element comprises AD type single-chip microcomputer U2.
Wherein, described filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing comprises resistance R21, diode D1, resistance R22, resistance R23, thyristor U1, electric capacity C1 and voltage stabilizing diode ZD2; Wherein,
One end of described resistance R21 is connected with the positive pole of described lithium battery, ground connection after the other end is sequentially connected with described diode D1, resistance R22, resistance R23;
The resistance R22 be in series and resistance R23 is in parallel with described thyristor U1, electric capacity C1 and voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 respectively, and the common connection end between described resistance R22 and described resistance R23 is extremely connected with the control of described thyristor U1;
The anode of described thyristor U1 is connected with described resistance R23, and negative electrode is connected with described resistance R22;
The anode of described voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 is connected with described resistance R23, and negative electrode is connected with the 1st pin of described resistance R22 and described AD type single-chip microcomputer U2.
The filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing of this setting can provide operating voltage very accurately to speed-regulating switch of electric tool, possesses precision high, the features such as ripple is little, fast response time, and has the following advantages:
1. voltage accuracy is high, and can reach within 0.6%, output ripple is little, fast response time.
2. by the adjustment of R22 and R23, voltage can be realized and exports adjustable.
3. loss is little, requires lower to input voltage value.
Wherein, described PWM speed-regulating control circuit comprises resistance R12, resistance R13, resistance R14, resistance R18, voltage stabilizing diode ZD3, electric capacity C2, triode Q1, diode D5, transistor Q2 and switch MOS pipe; Wherein,
One end of described resistance R12 is connected with the 1st pin of described AD type single-chip microcomputer U2, and the other end is connected with described 3rd pin of AD type single-chip microcomputer U2 and the grid of described transistor Q2;
One end of described resistance R13 is connected with the positive pole of described lithium battery 1, and one end of the negative pole of the other end and described voltage stabilizing diode ZD3, one end of electric capacity C2, the collector of triode Q1 and resistance R14 is connected;
The positive pole of described voltage stabilizing diode ZD3 is connected with the source electrode of the other end of described electric capacity C2 and described switch MOS pipe;
The base stage of described triode Q1 is connected with the negative electrode of the source electrode of described transistor Q2, the other end of resistance R14 and diode D5, and emitter is connected with the anode of described diode D5 and one end of described resistance R18;
The other end of described resistance R18 is connected with the grid of described switch MOS pipe;
The drain electrode of described switch MOS pipe and motors.
  
The PWM speed-regulating control circuit of this setting, comprises the prototype parts such as resistance R13. voltage stabilizing diode ZD3. electric capacity C2. triode Q1. resistance R14.MOS pipe Q2. switching diode D5. resistance R18.MOS pipe ME3205T.Implement example of the present invention, PWM rapidly can be provided to drive to speed-regulating switch of electric tool, and can adopt by cell voltage Direct driver, driving force is strong, and the features such as closing time is fast, can reduce the heating of MOS.And have the following advantages:
1. cell voltage Direct driver, driving force is strong, and closing time is fast.
2. MOS thermal value is little.
Wherein, described temperature sampling circuit comprises resistance R8, resistance R9, electric capacity C3 and temperature inductor NTC; Wherein,
One end of described resistance R8 is connected with the 1st pin of described AD type single-chip microcomputer U2, and the other end is connected with one end of described resistance R9 and one end of described temperature inductor NTC;
The other end of described resistance R9 is connected with the 4th pin of one end of described electric capacity C3 and described AD type single-chip microcomputer U2;
The other end of described electric capacity C3 is connected and ground connection with the other end of described temperature inductor NTC.
Wherein, described speed governing Acquisition Circuit comprises electric capacity C7 and variable resistor R1-R7; Wherein,
One end of described electric capacity C7 is connected with described 5th pin of AD type single-chip microcomputer U2 and the adjustable end in centre of described variable resistor R1-R7, other end ground connection;
The first end of described variable resistor R1-R7 is connected with the 1st pin of described AD type single-chip microcomputer U2, the second end ground connection.
Wherein, described current sampling circuit comprises resistance R15, resistance R16, resistance R17 and electric capacity C6; Wherein,
One end of described resistance R17 is connected with described 7th pin of AD type single-chip microcomputer U2 and one end of described electric capacity C6, and the other end is connected with one end of described resistance R15 and one end of described resistance R16;
The other end ground connection of described resistance R16;
The other end of described resistance R15 and motors.
Wherein, described voltage sampling circuit comprises resistance R10, resistance R11, resistance R20 and electric capacity C4; Wherein,
Described in one end of described resistance R10, the positive pole of lithium battery is connected, and the other end is connected with one end of described resistance R11 and one end of described resistance R20;
The other end of described resistance R11 is connected with one end of described electric capacity C4 and the negative pole of described lithium battery;
The other end of described resistance R20 is connected with the 6th pin of the other end of described electric capacity C4 and described AD type single-chip microcomputer U2.
Wherein, described LED illumination circuit comprises resistance R19 and LED; Wherein, one end of described resistance R19 is connected with the positive pole of described lithium battery, and the other end is connected with described LED.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing of speed-regulating switch of electric tool, and described filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing comprises resistance R21, diode D1, resistance R22, resistance R23, thyristor U1, electric capacity C1 and voltage stabilizing diode ZD2; Wherein,
Described one end of resistance R21 is connected with the positive pole of the lithium battery in speed-regulating switch, ground connection after the other end is sequentially connected with described diode D1, resistance R22, resistance R23;
The resistance R22 be in series and resistance R23 is in parallel with described thyristor U1, electric capacity C1 and voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 respectively, and the common connection end between described resistance R22 and described resistance R23 is extremely connected with the control of described thyristor U1;
The anode of described thyristor U1 is connected with described resistance R23, and negative electrode is connected with described resistance R22;
The anode of described voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 is connected with described resistance R23, and negative electrode is signal output part.
Implement the embodiment of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect:
In embodiments of the present invention; regulate variable resistor; and by MCU arithmetic element judges the temperature of temperature sampling circuit collection, whether the voltage of the electric current of current sampling circuit collection and voltage sampling circuit collection meets setting requirement; thus utilize PWM speed-regulating control circuit to change the dutycycle of output signal; realize the object adjusting direct-current electric motor rotating speed on a large scale; and realize Real-Time Monitoring temperature, voltage and electric current, reach the object of protection motor and lithium battery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, the accompanying drawing obtaining other according to these accompanying drawings still belongs to category of the present invention.
The circuit control principle figure of the speed-regulating switch of the electric tool that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, for a kind of speed-regulating switch of electric tool, comprise lithium battery 1, filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing 2, PWM speed-regulating control circuit 3, temperature sampling circuit 4, speed governing Acquisition Circuit 5, current sampling circuit 6, voltage sampling circuit 7, MCU arithmetic element 8 and LED illumination circuit 9.
MCU arithmetic element 8 comprises AD type single-chip microcomputer U2.
Filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing 2 comprises resistance R21, diode D1, resistance R22, resistance R23, thyristor U1, electric capacity C1 and voltage stabilizing diode ZD2; Wherein, one end of resistance R21 is connected with the positive pole of lithium battery 1, ground connection after the other end is sequentially connected with diode D1, resistance R22, resistance R23; The resistance R22 be in series and resistance R23 is in parallel with thyristor U1, electric capacity C1 and voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 respectively, and the common connection end between resistance R22 and resistance R23 is extremely connected with the control of thyristor U1; The anode of thyristor U1 is connected with resistance R23, and negative electrode is connected with resistance R22; The anode of voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 is connected with resistance R23, and negative electrode is connected with the 1st pin of resistance R22 and described AD type single-chip microcomputer U2.
PWM speed-regulating control circuit 3 comprises resistance R12, resistance R13, resistance R14, resistance R18, voltage stabilizing diode ZD3, electric capacity C2, triode Q1, diode D5, transistor Q2 and switch MOS pipe; Wherein, one end of resistance R12 is connected with the 1st pin of AD type single-chip microcomputer U2, and the 3rd pin of the other end and AD type single-chip microcomputer U2 and the grid stating transistor Q2 are connected; One end of resistance R13 is connected with the positive pole of lithium battery 1, and one end of the negative pole of the other end and voltage stabilizing diode ZD3, one end of electric capacity C2, the collector of triode Q1 and resistance R14 is connected; The positive pole of voltage stabilizing diode ZD3 is connected with the source electrode of the other end of electric capacity C2 and switch MOS pipe; The base stage of triode Q1 is connected with the other end of the source electrode of transistor Q2, resistance R14 and the negative electrode of diode D5, and emitter is connected with the anode of diode D5 and one end of resistance R18; The other end of resistance R18 is connected with the grid of described switch MOS pipe; The drain electrode of switch MOS pipe and motors.
Temperature sampling circuit 4 comprises resistance R8, resistance R9, electric capacity C3 and temperature inductor NTC; Wherein, one end of resistance R8 is connected with the 1st pin of AD type single-chip microcomputer U2, and the other end is connected with one end of resistance R9 and one end of temperature inductor NTC; The other end of resistance R9 is connected with the 4th pin of one end of electric capacity C3 and AD type single-chip microcomputer U2; The other end of electric capacity C3 is connected and ground connection with the other end of temperature inductor NTC.
Speed governing Acquisition Circuit 5 comprises electric capacity C7 and variable resistor R1-R7; Wherein, one end of electric capacity C7 is connected with the adjustable end K1 in centre of the 5th pin of AD type single-chip microcomputer U2 and variable resistor R1-R7, other end ground connection; The first end K2 of variable resistor R1-R7 is connected with the 1st pin of AD type single-chip microcomputer U2, the second end K3 ground connection.
Current sampling circuit 6 comprises resistance R15, resistance R16, resistance R17 and electric capacity C6; Wherein, one end of resistance R17 is connected with the 7th pin of AD type single-chip microcomputer U2 and one end of electric capacity C6, and the other end is connected with one end of resistance R15 and one end of resistance R16; The other end ground connection of resistance R16; The other end of resistance R15 and motors.
Voltage sampling circuit 7 comprises resistance R10, resistance R11, resistance R20 and electric capacity C4; Wherein, the positive pole of one end lithium battery 1 of resistance R10 is connected, and the other end is connected with one end of resistance R11 and one end of resistance R20; The other end of resistance R11 is connected with the negative pole of one end of electric capacity C4 and lithium battery 1; The other end of resistance R20 is connected with the 6th pin of the other end of electric capacity C4 and AD type single-chip microcomputer U2.
LED illumination circuit 9 comprises resistance R19 and LED; Wherein, one end of resistance R19 is connected with the positive pole of lithium battery 1, and the other end is connected with LED.
It should be noted that the model specification of resistance R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R9, R12, R15, R16, R17, R20, R22, R23 and R24 is 0603/10K/ +the model specification of 1%, resistance R8 is 0603/5.1K/ +the model specification of 1%, resistance R10 is 0603/200K/ +the model specification of 1%, resistance R11 is 0603/30K/ +the model specification of 1%, resistance R13 be 0805/300 Ω/ +the model specification of 1%, resistance R14 and R26 is 0603/1.2K/ +the model specification of 1%, resistance R18 be 0805/100 Ω/ +the model specification of 1%, resistance R19 be 0805/100 Ω/ +the model specification of 1%, resistance R21 be 0805/470 Ω/ +the model specification of 5%, resistance R25 is 0603/1K/ +5%; The model specification of electric capacity C1, C3, C4 and C7 is 104pF/50V/ +10%/0603 encapsulation, the model specification of electric capacity C2 is 4.7uF/25V/ +10%/0805 encapsulation, the model specification of electric capacity C5 is 2.2uF/25V/ +10%/0805 encapsulation, the model specification of electric capacity C6 is 103pF/50V/ +10%/0603 encapsulation; The model specification of diode D1, D4 and D5 is 1N4148/ encapsulation: SOD-323; The model specification of voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 is BZT52-C5V6S/5.6V +5%/encapsulation: the model specification of SOD-323 UTC, voltage stabilizing diode ZD3 is BZT52-C18S/18V +5%/encapsulation: SOD-323 UTC; The model specification of triode Q1 is BC849C/NPN type/encapsulation: the model specification of SOT-23 UTC, triode Q2 is 2N7002/N raceway groove/encapsulation: the model specification of SOT-23 UTC, triode Q3 is T3423/P raceway groove/encapsulation: SOT-23; The model specification of thyristor U1 is AZ431/ +0.5%/encapsulation: SOD-23; The model specification of AD type single-chip microcomputer is MCU control chip SOP-8/FA021A-66C external temperature protection/overcurrent 24-30A/10.8V.
Implement the embodiment of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect:
Regulate variable resistor; and by MCU arithmetic element judges the temperature of temperature sampling circuit collection, whether the voltage of the electric current of current sampling circuit collection and voltage sampling circuit collection meets setting requirement; thus utilize PWM speed-regulating control circuit to change the dutycycle of output signal; realize the object adjusting direct-current electric motor rotating speed on a large scale; and realize Real-Time Monitoring temperature, voltage and electric current, reach the object of protection motor and lithium battery.
Above disclosedly be only a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, certainly can not limit the interest field of the present invention with this, therefore according to the equivalent variations that the claims in the present invention are done, still belong to the scope that the present invention is contained.

Claims (9)

1. the speed-regulating switch of an electric tool, it is characterized in that, comprise lithium battery (1), filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing (2), PWM speed-regulating control circuit (3), temperature sampling circuit (4), speed governing Acquisition Circuit (5), current sampling circuit (6), voltage sampling circuit (7), MCU arithmetic element (8) and LED illumination circuit (9).
2. the speed-regulating switch of electric tool as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described MCU arithmetic element (8) comprises AD type single-chip microcomputer U2.
3. the speed-regulating switch of electric tool as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing (2) comprises resistance R21, diode D1, resistance R22, resistance R23, thyristor U1, electric capacity C1 and voltage stabilizing diode ZD2; Wherein,
One end of described resistance R21 is connected with the positive pole of described lithium battery (1), ground connection after the other end is sequentially connected with described diode D1, resistance R22, resistance R23;
The resistance R22 be in series and resistance R23 is in parallel with described thyristor U1, electric capacity C1 and voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 respectively, and the common connection end between described resistance R22 and described resistance R23 is extremely connected with the control of described thyristor U1;
The anode of described thyristor U1 is connected with described resistance R23, and negative electrode is connected with described resistance R22;
The anode of described voltage stabilizing diode ZD2 is connected with described resistance R23, and negative electrode is connected with the 1st pin of described resistance R22 and described AD type single-chip microcomputer U2.
4. the speed-regulating switch of electric tool as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described PWM speed-regulating control circuit (3) comprises resistance R12, resistance R13, resistance R14, resistance R18, voltage stabilizing diode ZD3, electric capacity C2, triode Q1, diode D5, transistor Q2 and switch MOS pipe; Wherein,
One end of described resistance R12 is connected with the 1st pin of described AD type single-chip microcomputer U2, and the other end is connected with described 3rd pin of AD type single-chip microcomputer U2 and the grid of described transistor Q2;
One end of described resistance R13 is connected with the positive pole of described lithium battery 1, and one end of the negative pole of the other end and described voltage stabilizing diode ZD3, one end of electric capacity C2, the collector of triode Q1 and resistance R14 is connected;
The positive pole of described voltage stabilizing diode ZD3 is connected with the source electrode of the other end of described electric capacity C2 and described switch MOS pipe;
The base stage of described triode Q1 is connected with the negative electrode of the source electrode of described transistor Q2, the other end of resistance R14 and diode D5, and emitter is connected with the anode of described diode D5 and one end of described resistance R18;
The other end of described resistance R18 is connected with the grid of described switch MOS pipe;
The drain electrode of described switch MOS pipe and motors.
5. the speed-regulating switch of electric tool as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described temperature sampling circuit (4) comprises resistance R8, resistance R9, electric capacity C3 and temperature inductor NTC; Wherein,
One end of described resistance R8 is connected with the 1st pin of described AD type single-chip microcomputer U2, and the other end is connected with one end of described resistance R9 and one end of described temperature inductor NTC;
The other end of described resistance R9 is connected with the 4th pin of one end of described electric capacity C3 and described AD type single-chip microcomputer U2;
The other end of described electric capacity C3 is connected and ground connection with the other end of described temperature inductor NTC.
6. the speed-regulating switch of electric tool as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described speed governing Acquisition Circuit (5) comprises electric capacity C7 and variable resistor R1-R7; Wherein,
One end of described electric capacity C7 is connected with described 5th pin of AD type single-chip microcomputer U2 and the centre adjustable end (K1) of described variable resistor R1-R7, other end ground connection;
The first end (K2) of described variable resistor R1-R7 is connected with the 1st pin of described AD type single-chip microcomputer U2, the second end (K3) ground connection.
7. the speed-regulating switch of electric tool as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described current sampling circuit (6) comprises resistance R15, resistance R16, resistance R17 and electric capacity C6; Wherein,
One end of described resistance R17 is connected with described 7th pin of AD type single-chip microcomputer U2 and one end of described electric capacity C6, and the other end is connected with one end of described resistance R15 and one end of described resistance R16;
The other end ground connection of described resistance R16;
The other end of described resistance R15 and motors.
8. the speed-regulating switch of electric tool as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described voltage sampling circuit (7) comprises resistance R10, resistance R11, resistance R20 and electric capacity C4; Wherein,
Described in one end of described resistance R10, the positive pole of lithium battery (1) is connected, and the other end is connected with one end of described resistance R11 and one end of described resistance R20;
The other end of described resistance R11 is connected with the negative pole of one end of described electric capacity C4 and described lithium battery (1);
The other end of described resistance R20 is connected with the 6th pin of the other end of described electric capacity C4 and described AD type single-chip microcomputer U2.
9. the speed-regulating switch of electric tool as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described LED illumination circuit (9) comprises resistance R19 and LED; Wherein, one end of described resistance R19 is connected with the positive pole of described lithium battery (1), and the other end is connected with described LED.
CN201410629228.7A 2014-11-10 2014-11-10 A kind of speed-regulating switch of electric tool Active CN104407543B (en)

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CN114285333A (en) * 2021-12-23 2022-04-05 浙江欣兴工具股份有限公司 Control circuit of automatic feeding magnetic seat drilling machine

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CN114285333B (en) * 2021-12-23 2024-04-02 浙江欣兴工具股份有限公司 Automatic feeding magnetic base drilling machine control circuit

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