CN104407409B - 3D printing method for dynamic liquid crystal grating - Google Patents

3D printing method for dynamic liquid crystal grating Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104407409B
CN104407409B CN201410237610.3A CN201410237610A CN104407409B CN 104407409 B CN104407409 B CN 104407409B CN 201410237610 A CN201410237610 A CN 201410237610A CN 104407409 B CN104407409 B CN 104407409B
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liquid crystal
printing
millimeter
shower nozzle
print
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CN104407409A (en
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郭太良
叶芸
张永爱
周雄图
李银
陈丽雯
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Fuzhou University
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Fuzhou University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18Diffraction gratings
    • G02B5/1847Manufacturing methods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/112Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using individual droplets, e.g. from jetting heads

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a 3D printing method for dynamic liquid crystal grating. The 3D printing method is characterized by comprising the following steps that step 1: a 3D printer with first, second and third spray nozzles is provided; step 2: an upper substrate arranged at the upper side of a dynamic liquid crystal grating liquid crystal layer is formed via 3D printing; step 3: a lower substrate arranged at the lower side of the dynamic liquid crystal grating liquid crystal layer is formed via 3D printing; and step 4: liquid crystal encapsulating and packaging are performed. A problem that different materials are combined into a single product is solved. Besides, proportion of all components can be flexibly changed, product production cost can be greatly reduced and thus production raw material and manufacturing cost can be saved.

Description

A kind of 3D Method of printing of dynamic liquid crystal grating
Technical field
The present invention relates to Display Technique field, particularly relate to the 3D Method of printing of a kind of dynamic liquid crystal grating.
Background technology
The mankind are the degree of depth that the object nuance seen by right eye and left eye carrys out perceptual object, thus identify stereo-picture, and this species diversity is referred to as parallax.Stereo display technique is through the parallax that artificial means carry out the right and left eyes of manufacturer, sends to two width images of parallax respectively to images of left and right eyes, makes brain after obtaining the different images that right and left eyes is seen, produces the sensation observing true three-dimension object.3 d display device typically has a two ways: slit grating formula 3 d display device and microlens array 3 d display device.Wherein, slit grating formula includes film formula, black matrix formula, reflective and liquid crystal light grating etc., and liquid crystal grating can realize the switching of 2D/3D, compatible liquid crystal display technique, occupies important one seat in bore hole 3D display.
Traditional liquid crystal display technique needs a series of technological process leading portion station and back segment station to be directed to the process treatment process of complexity.These traditional handicraft complex process, finished product rate variance and there is the problems such as wastage of material.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, combine the advantage that 3D prints, it is provided that the 3D Method of printing of a kind of dynamic liquid crystal grating.
Technical program of the present invention lies in:
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of dynamic liquid crystal grating, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: a 3D printer with first, second, third shower nozzle is provided;
Step 2:3D prints in order to form the upper substrate on the upside of dynamic liquid crystal grating liquid crystal layer, and the concrete printing step of this upper substrate is as follows:
The first step: clean transparent glass substrate one side is sticked polaroid, then this glass substrate is placed on 3D printer, post polaroid down;
Second step: the plane of definition transparent glass substrate is XY face, and vertical XY face is Z axis, next, first shower nozzle is a millimeter at interval of a millimeter print length in X direction, being highly the electrode of b millimeter, its electrode height, along Z-direction, is controlled by the print speed of shower nozzle and the number of charging;Second shower nozzle is close to the first shower nozzle, fills and print insulating barrier in the interval of a millimeter, and the most also controlling is b millimeter, prints the most successively;After one unit of every dozen of complete Y-directions, the Far Left from Y-direction next one unit starts to print again, repeats said process;
3rd step: the second shower nozzle is the most continuously every printing, and printing height be c millimeter, and c <b, after often completing a unit of Y-direction, again from Y-direction next one unit from Far Left start to print, repetition said process;
4th step: print the surface of electrode at second step, the 3rd shower nozzle spraying print length is a millimeter both alignment layers transparent material, and then the first nozzle printing a length of a millimeter the second electrode, it is the most also b millimeter, prints the most successively;After one unit of every dozen of complete Y-directions, the Far Left from Y-direction next one unit starts to print again, repeats said process;
Step 3:3D prints in order to form the infrabasal plate on the downside of dynamic liquid crystal grating liquid crystal layer, and the concrete printing step of this infrabasal plate is as follows:
The first step: clean transparent glass substrate one side is sticked polaroid, then this glass substrate is placed on 3D printer, post polaroid down;
Second step: the first shower nozzle is the most continuously every printing, and printing height be b millimeter, after often completing a unit of Y-direction, again from Y-direction next one unit from Far Left start to print, repetition said process;
3rd step: Far Left in X direction vacates a length of d millimeter, and the 3rd shower nozzle is continuously every printing from there, and printing height is b millimeter, prints to away from rightmost d millimeter, i.e. completes a unit of Y-direction, repeat said process from Y-direction next one unit again;
Step 4: carry out liquid crystal fill and encapsulation, it specifically comprises the following steps that
The first step: spacer configuration is to be put into by spacer in an empty van, then sprays in empty van with nitrogen or other noble gas mixing spacers, allows spacer float in empty van, waits spacer slowly to drop at glass upper and lower base plate;
Second step: spacer configuration after, with that will assembling pressing glass upper and lower base plate, with frame chewing gum, liquid crystal cell limit is sealed after assembling, at 100 DEG C solidify 30 minutes;
3rd step: perfusion liquid crystal, first evacuation, suitably liquid crystal groove is heated, in order to the injection of liquid crystal simultaneously, hand-hole is alignd with the sponge being filled liquid crystal simultaneously, reinject noble gas and pressurize, cleaning sealing before perfusion;Sylphon slot → insert vacuum chamber → evacuation → liquid filling crystalline substance → inflation → delay → process unnecessary liquid crystal of sealing;
4th step: sealing, some sealing compound → ultraviolet light irradiates (typically smaller than 15 seconds) → frictioning → cleaning.
Wherein, the sprayed on material of described first shower nozzle is that electrode material includes metal, alloy, tin indium oxide, aluminium-doped zinc oxide, Graphene, organic conductive material.
The sprayed on material of described second shower nozzle is silicon oxide or silicon nitride.
The sprayed on material of described 3rd shower nozzle is polyimides, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polrvinyl chloride, nylon (Nylon), Merlon, polyurethane, politef, the granule of polyethylene terephthalate.
Wherein a scope is 0.1 ~ 10 mm;B scope is 0.1 ~ 10 mm;C scope is 0.01 ~ 1 mm;D scope is 0.01 ~ 1 mm。
It is an advantage of the current invention that:
The present invention solves the difficult problem that different materials is combined into single product, and can change each composition proportion flexibly, and the production cost of product can be substantially reduced, and saves raw materials for production and manufacturing cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the liquid crystal grating structural representation under the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the upper substrate structure schematic diagram of the liquid crystal grating under the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the lower substrate structure schematic diagram of the liquid crystal grating under the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that the printer head under the embodiment of the present invention lays schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
For the features described above of the present invention and advantage can be become apparent, special embodiment below, it is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Hereinafter by specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of dynamic liquid crystal grating, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: a 3D printer with first, second, third shower nozzle is provided;
Step 2:3D prints in order to form the upper substrate on the upside of dynamic liquid crystal grating liquid crystal layer, and the concrete printing step of this upper substrate is as follows:
The first step: clean transparent glass substrate one side is sticked polaroid, then this glass substrate is placed on 3D printer, post polaroid down;
Second step: the plane of definition transparent glass substrate is XY face, and vertical XY face is Z axis, next, first shower nozzle is a millimeter at interval of a millimeter print length in X direction, being highly the electrode of b millimeter, its electrode height, along Z-direction, is controlled by the print speed of shower nozzle and the number of charging;Second shower nozzle is close to the first shower nozzle, fills and print insulating barrier in the interval of a millimeter, and the most also controlling is b millimeter, prints the most successively;After one unit of every dozen of complete Y-directions, the Far Left from Y-direction next one unit starts to print again, repeats said process;
3rd step: the second shower nozzle is the most continuously every printing, and printing height be c millimeter, and c <b, after often completing a unit of Y-direction, again from Y-direction next one unit from Far Left start to print, repetition said process;
4th step: print the surface of electrode at second step, the 3rd shower nozzle spraying print length is a millimeter both alignment layers transparent material, and then the first nozzle printing a length of a millimeter the second electrode, it is the most also b millimeter, prints the most successively;After one unit of every dozen of complete Y-directions, the Far Left from Y-direction next one unit starts to print again, repeats said process;
Step 3:3D prints in order to form the infrabasal plate on the downside of dynamic liquid crystal grating liquid crystal layer, and the concrete printing step of this infrabasal plate is as follows:
The first step: clean transparent glass substrate one side is sticked polaroid, then this glass substrate is placed on 3D printer, post polaroid down;
Second step: the first shower nozzle is the most continuously every printing, and printing height be b millimeter, after often completing a unit of Y-direction, again from Y-direction next one unit from Far Left start to print, repetition said process;
3rd step: Far Left in X direction vacates a length of d millimeter, and the 3rd shower nozzle is continuously every printing from there, and printing height is b millimeter, prints to away from rightmost d millimeter, i.e. completes a unit of Y-direction, repeat said process from Y-direction next one unit again;
Step 4: carry out liquid crystal fill and encapsulation, it specifically comprises the following steps that
The first step: spacer configuration is to be put into by spacer in an empty van, then sprays in empty van with nitrogen or other noble gas mixing spacers, allows spacer float in empty van, waits spacer slowly to drop at glass upper and lower base plate;
Second step: spacer configuration after, with that will assembling pressing glass upper and lower base plate, with frame chewing gum, liquid crystal cell limit is sealed after assembling, at 100 DEG C solidify 30 minutes;
3rd step: perfusion liquid crystal, first evacuation, suitably liquid crystal groove is heated, in order to the injection of liquid crystal simultaneously, hand-hole is alignd with the sponge being filled liquid crystal simultaneously, reinject noble gas and pressurize, cleaning sealing before perfusion;Sylphon slot → insert vacuum chamber → evacuation → liquid filling crystalline substance → inflation → delay → process unnecessary liquid crystal of sealing;
4th step: sealing, some sealing compound → ultraviolet light irradiates (typically smaller than 15 seconds) → frictioning → cleaning.
The sprayed on material of above-mentioned first shower nozzle is that electrode material includes metal, alloy, tin indium oxide, aluminium-doped zinc oxide, Graphene, organic conductive material.
The sprayed on material of above-mentioned second shower nozzle is silicon oxide or silicon nitride.
The sprayed on material of above-mentioned 3rd shower nozzle is polyimides, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polrvinyl chloride, nylon (Nylon), Merlon, polyurethane, politef, the granule of polyethylene terephthalate.
Wherein a scope is 0.1 ~ 10 mm;B scope is 0.1 ~ 10 mm;C scope is 0.01 ~ 1 mm;D scope is 0.01 ~ 1 mm.
Specific implementation process:
As shown in Figure 1: 101 first transparency carriers;102 first electrodes;103 second electrodes;104 first insulating barriers;105 first both alignment layers;106 second transparency carriers;107 the 3rd electrodes;108 second both alignment layers;109 liquid crystal layers;110 sealing frames;111 first polaroids;112 second deflection films.
Here liquid crystal layer uses traditional liquid crystal filling process, and sealing frame is also to use original technique, and polaroid is also to use original technique.Remainder uses 3D to print and realizes, and upper and lower for liquid crystal layer two parts is realized by 3D printing at glass transparent matrix respectively.With reference to figure, we claim these two parts to be respectively upper substrate, infrabasal plate.
Utilize 3D mapping software 3dsmax, AutoCAD, zbrush etc. to draw the 3 dimensional drawing of upper and lower base plate, then 3 dimensional drawing is carried out slicing treatment.Slicing treatment technology, as rapid shaping technique RP key technology, can realize on the basis of 2 class three-dimensional CAD models, and a class is that another is based on STL discrete data models based on STEP, IGES precise information model.Stl file is the normative document type of rapid shaping technique RP system application, processes owing to STL model data form is simple, be prone to exchange, and slicing treatment based on STL model is used by most of RP systems.Slicing Algorithm based on STL model, its basic idea is: when calculating the cross section profile of each layer, first analyzes the position relationship of each tri patch and slice plane, if intersecting, seeks intersection.After obtaining all intersections of model and this slice plane, more each section of intersection is chained up in an orderly manner, obtains the model profile at this layer.
Here the structure of upper and lower base plate, strip material district is staggered on glass transparent substrate, is not special complexity.The Z-direction i.e. thickness in cross section of section, in-plane i.e. X-Y direction, the resolution of plane calculates with dpi or micron, and the thickness of the printing one layer of different printers is each different, and flat resolution is relevant with the fine degree of shower nozzle.
First electrode the 102, second electrode 103 and the 3rd electrode 107 are transparency conducting layer, being sprayed printing by shower nozzle 1, its sprayed on material is that electrode material includes metal, alloy, tin indium oxide (ITO), aluminium-doped zinc oxide (AZO), Graphene, organic conductive material.Use laser sintered mode, utilize laser beam collection to neutralize penetration capacity little, different conductive materials is sintered together, it is possible to achieve refractory metal and ceramic bonding.Metal nanoparticle, metal quantum point can use selective laser sintering or melt extrude molding and be made;Metal quantum point, metal nanometer line or metal nanobelt may be used without cubic light molding and the three dimensional ink jet printing and making admittedly of light-sensitive material and form.
First insulating barrier 104 is transparent insulation material, shower nozzle 2 spray printing, and its sprayed on material is silicon oxide or silicon nitride.Silicon oxide or silicon nitride are made a kind of colloid admixture with a kind of special binding agent, uses the mode of optical soliton interaction, be bonded together with other levels.
First both alignment layers 105 and the second both alignment layers 108 are transparent material, printing is sprayed by shower nozzle 3, its sprayed on material is polyimides (PI), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polrvinyl chloride (PVC), nylon (Nylon), Merlon (PC), polyurethane (PU), politef (Teflon, PTFE), the granule of polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE).The manufacture method of this both alignment layers includes selective laser sintering and melt extrudes molding and be made.
Specific embodiment includes three parts: upper substrate makes, infrabasal plate making, liquid crystal fill and encapsulation.
Upper substrate makes:
The first step: clean transparent glass substrate one side is sticked polaroid, then this glass substrate is placed on 3D printer, post polaroid down.
Second step: the design of liquid crystal upper substrate XZ plane is as in figure 2 it is shown, shower nozzle 1 is a millimeter at interval of a millimeter print length in X direction, and height is the electrode of b millimeter, its electrode height along Z-direction, by the print speed of shower nozzle and charging number control.Shower nozzle 2 is close to shower nozzle 1, fills and print insulating barrier in the interval of a millimeter, and the most also controlling is b millimeter, prints the most successively.After one unit of every dozen of complete Y-directions, the Far Left from Y-direction next one unit starts to print again, repeats said process.
3rd step: shower nozzle 2 is the most continuously every printing, and printing height be c (c <b) millimeter, after often completing a unit of Y-direction, again from Y-direction next one unit from Far Left start to print, repetition said process.
4th step: design according to the image program of software design, print the surface of electrode at second step, it is a millimeter both alignment layers transparent material that shower nozzle 3 sprays print length, and then shower nozzle 1 print length is a millimeter the second electrode, it is the most also b millimeter, prints the most successively.After one unit of every dozen of complete Y-directions, the Far Left from Y-direction next one unit starts to print again, repeats said process.
Infrabasal plate makes:
The first step: clean transparent glass substrate one side is sticked polaroid, then this glass substrate is placed on 3D printer, post polaroid down.
Second step: shower nozzle 1 is the most continuously every printing, and printing height be b millimeter, after often completing a unit of Y-direction, again from Y-direction next one unit from Far Left start to print, repetition said process.
3rd step: Far Left in X direction vacates a length of d millimeter, and shower nozzle 3 is continuously every printing from there, and printing height is b millimeter, prints to away from rightmost d millimeter, i.e. completes a unit of Y-direction, repeat said process from Y-direction next one unit again.
Liquid crystal fill and encapsulation:
The first step: spacer (spacer) configuration is to be put into by spacer in an empty van, then sprays in empty van with nitrogen or other noble gases mixing spacer, allows spacer float in empty van, waits spacer slowly to drop at glass upper and lower base plate.
Second step: spacer (spacer) configuration after, with that will assembling pressing glass upper and lower base plate, with frame chewing gum, liquid crystal cell limit is sealed after assembling, at 100 DEG C solidify 30 minutes.
3rd step: perfusion liquid crystal, first evacuation, suitably liquid crystal groove is heated, in order to the injection of liquid crystal simultaneously, hand-hole is alignd with the sponge being filled liquid crystal simultaneously, reinject noble gas and pressurize.Cleaning sealing before perfusion.Sylphon slot → insert vacuum chamber → evacuation → liquid filling crystalline substance → inflation → delay → process unnecessary liquid crystal of sealing.
4th step: sealing, some sealing compound → ultraviolet light irradiates (typically smaller than 15 seconds) → frictioning → cleaning.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all impartial changes done according to scope of the present invention patent and modification, all should belong to the covering scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. the 3D Method of printing of a dynamic liquid crystal grating, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: a 3D printer with first, second, third shower nozzle is provided;
Step 2:3D prints in order to form the upper substrate on the upside of dynamic liquid crystal grating liquid crystal layer, and the concrete printing step of this upper substrate is as follows:
The first step: clean transparent glass substrate one side is sticked polaroid, then this glass substrate is placed on 3D printer, post polaroid down;
Second step: the plane of definition transparent glass substrate is XY face, and vertical XY face is Z axis, next, first shower nozzle is a millimeter at interval of a millimeter print length in X direction, being highly the electrode of b millimeter, its electrode height, along Z-direction, is controlled by the print speed of shower nozzle and the number of charging;Second shower nozzle is close to the first shower nozzle, fills and print insulating barrier in the interval of a millimeter, and the most also controlling is b millimeter, prints the most successively;After one unit of every dozen of complete Y-directions, the Far Left from Y-direction next one unit starts to print again, repeats said process;
3rd step: the second shower nozzle is the most continuously every printing, and printing height be c millimeter, and c <b, after often completing a unit of Y-direction, again from Y-direction next one unit from Far Left start to print, repetition said process;
4th step: print the surface of electrode at second step, the 3rd shower nozzle spraying print length is a millimeter both alignment layers transparent material, and then the first nozzle printing a length of a millimeter the second electrode, it is the most also b millimeter, prints the most successively;After one unit of every dozen of complete Y-directions, the Far Left from Y-direction next one unit starts to print again, repeats said process;
Step 3:3D prints in order to form the infrabasal plate on the downside of dynamic liquid crystal grating liquid crystal layer, and the concrete printing step of this infrabasal plate is as follows:
The first step: clean transparent glass substrate one side is sticked polaroid, then this glass substrate is placed on 3D printer, post polaroid down;
Second step: the first shower nozzle is the most continuously every printing, and printing height be b millimeter, after often completing a unit of Y-direction, again from Y-direction next one unit from Far Left start to print, repetition said process;
3rd step: Far Left in X direction vacates a length of d millimeter, and the 3rd shower nozzle is continuously every printing from there, and printing height is b millimeter, prints to away from rightmost d millimeter, i.e. completes a unit of Y-direction, repeat said process from Y-direction next one unit again;
Step 4: carry out liquid crystal fill and encapsulation, it specifically comprises the following steps that
The first step: spacer configuration is to be put into by spacer in an empty van, then sprays in empty van with nitrogen or noble gas mixing spacer, allows spacer float in empty van, waits spacer slowly to drop at glass upper and lower base plate;
Second step: spacer configuration after, with that will assembling pressing glass upper and lower base plate, with frame chewing gum, liquid crystal cell limit is sealed after assembling, at 100 DEG C solidify 30 minutes;
3rd step: perfusion liquid crystal, first evacuation, suitably liquid crystal groove is heated, in order to the injection of liquid crystal simultaneously, hand-hole is alignd with the sponge being filled liquid crystal simultaneously, reinject noble gas and pressurize, cleaning sealing before perfusion;Sylphon slot → insert vacuum chamber → evacuation → liquid filling crystalline substance → inflation → delay → process unnecessary liquid crystal of sealing;
4th step: sealing, puts sealing compound → ultraviolet light irradiation → frictioning → cleaning.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of dynamic liquid crystal grating, it is characterised in that the sprayed on material of described first shower nozzle is that electrode material includes metal, alloy, tin indium oxide, aluminium-doped zinc oxide, Graphene, organic conductive material.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of dynamic liquid crystal grating, it is characterised in that the sprayed on material of described second shower nozzle is silicon oxide or silicon nitride.
A kind of 3D Method of printing of dynamic liquid crystal grating, it is characterized in that, the granule that sprayed on material is polyimides, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polrvinyl chloride, nylon, Merlon, polyurethane, politef, polyethylene terephthalate of described 3rd shower nozzle.
The 3D Method of printing of a kind of dynamic liquid crystal grating, it is characterised in that wherein a scope is 0.1 ~ 10 mm;B scope is 0.1 ~ 10 mm;C scope is 0.01 ~ 1 mm;D scope is 0.01 ~ 1 mm.
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