CN104407267B - A kind of transformer fault detection method - Google Patents
A kind of transformer fault detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104407267B CN104407267B CN201410690990.6A CN201410690990A CN104407267B CN 104407267 B CN104407267 B CN 104407267B CN 201410690990 A CN201410690990 A CN 201410690990A CN 104407267 B CN104407267 B CN 104407267B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of transformer fault detection method, this method is based on transformer electrical parameter knowledge base, including transformer model is set up, transformer electrical parameter knowledge base is set up and fault detect.This method full digital starting, can accurately judge the various faults of transformer：Outside open circuit fault, internal break failure, all over the ground shorted to earth failure, short trouble, shorted-turn fault, outside phase fault, internal phase fault can also suitably be expanded according to actual needs.The algorithm can be widely used in the transformer of the types such as oil-filled transformer, water cooled transformer, air cooled transformer and air water cooling formula transformer; the generation of transformer fault can be judged in advance; prevention judges the generation of transformer fault to greatest extent; the technical problem of parameter detecting, error protection and fault diagnosis is solved simultaneously; the security and maintainability of system are improved, the time for reducing the difficulty of system investigation failure and being spent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to transformer and fault diagnosis field, and in particular to a kind of transformer fault detection method.
Background technology
At present, transformer fault diagnosis mainly uses dissolved gas analysis method (DGA), but dissolved gas analysis
Method may be only available for oil-filled transformer, it is impossible to is widely used in water cooled transformer, air cooled transformer and air water cooling formula and becomes
The transformer of the types such as depressor.And dissolved gas analysis method can only be after failure generation, Gases Dissolved in Transformer Oil
In the case of significantly changing, the passively expansion of trouble saving, often effect is not good.
This method can not active trouble saving generation, fault reaction speed is slower, it is impossible to detect transformer electrical parameter,
Can not tracing trouble type and position of failure point.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome present in prior art can not active trouble saving generation, fault reaction speed
Degree is slower, it is impossible to detect transformer electrical parameter, also can not tracing trouble type and position of failure point shortcoming, propose a kind of transformation
Device fault detection method, can be widely used in oil-filled transformer, water cooled transformer, air cooled transformer and air water cooling formula and become
The transformer of the types such as depressor, the generation of transformer fault can be judged in advance, and prevention to greatest extent judges transformer fault
Generation, while solving parameter detecting, the technical problem of error protection and fault diagnosis, improve security and the maintenance of system
Property, the time for reducing the difficulty of system investigation failure and being spent.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of transformer fault detection method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, transformer fault model is set up：For the transformer type to be detected, by theory analysis or it is
System simulation software analyzes before and after various failures the change of each phase winding line voltage waveform of transformer and line current waveform and should
The type for the relay protection that failure is triggered；
Step 2, transformer electrical parameter knowledge base is set up：To each phase winding line voltage ripple of transformer before and after various failures
The type for the relay protection that the change of shape and line current waveform and the failure are triggered is analyzed, and system of selection is simple, effect
The obvious fault signature of fruit, is encoded into fault signature identification code and is cured in transformer electrical parameter knowledge base；
Wherein, transformer fault storehouse includes following 7 contents：Longitudinal difference protection identification code, zero-sequence current protection identification code, electricity
Flow virtual value identification code, voltage effective value identification code, overcurrent identification code, current-unbalance degree identification code and secondary harmonic brake
Code；It is specific as follows：
The longitudinal difference protections identification code of identification code one is 1 bit, position reflection transformer differential protection state；
Current Differential Protection mutually occurs for transformer at least one, and the position takes 1；Only longitudinal difference protection does not occur for transformer current, the position
Just take 0；
The zero-sequence current protections identification code of identification code two is 3 bits, the 0th reflection star secondary zero sequence electricity
Flow guard mode, the 1st reflection triangle secondary zero-sequence current protection state, the 2nd reflection primary side zero-sequence current protection state；
If zero-sequence current protection occurs for certain side winding, the identification code on the side winding correspondence position is 1；If certain side winding does not occur
During zero-sequence current protection, the identification code on the side winding correspondence position is 0；
The current effective value identification codes of identification code three are 9 decimal numbers, the 0th reflection secondary star c2 line current
Virtual value, the 1st reflection secondary star b2 line current virtual value, the 2nd reflection secondary star a2 line current virtual value, the 3rd
Reflect secondary triangle c1 line current virtual values, the 4th reflection secondary triangle b1 line current virtual value, the 5th reflection secondary
Triangle a1 line current virtual values, the 6th reflection primary side triangle C line current virtual value, the 7th reflection primary side triangle B line
Current effective value, the 8th reflection primary side triangle A line current virtual value；Current effective value identification code is mainly used in reflecting each line
The relative size of current effective value, to diagnose transformer open circuit fault；If certain set winding current virtual value is 0, on correspondence position
Line current identification code is 0, and the other line current virtual values of the set winding are identical, and corresponding positions identification code is 1；If certain set winding current
Virtual value is not 0, then three line current virtual value identification codes of the set winding are all 2；
The voltage effective value identification codes of identification code four are 3 decimal numbers, the 0th reflection primary side triangle C line voltage
Virtual value, the 1st reflection primary side triangle B line voltage virtual value, the 2nd (highest order) reflection primary side triangle A line voltages have
Valid value；Voltage effective value identification code is mainly used in distinguishing the single-phase outside open circuit of primary side delta windings and primary side delta windings two
Phase internal break；There are two kinds of situations in primary side line voltage virtual value, all line voltage virtual values are identical, voltage effective value identification code
Every is all 1；A certain line voltage virtual value is 2 times of remaining line voltage virtual value, then the line voltage virtual value identification code is 2,
Remaining position is 1；
The overcurrent identification codes of identification code five are 9 bits, and the 0th reflection secondary star c2 line current is excessively electric
Stream mode, the 1st reflection secondary star b2 line current overcurrent condition, the 2nd reflection secondary star a2 line current overcurrent shape
State, the 3rd reflection secondary triangle c1 line current overcurrent condition, the 4th reflection secondary triangle b1 line current overcurrent shape
State, the 5th reflection secondary triangle a1 line current overcurrent condition, the 6th reflection primary side triangle C line current overcurrent shape
State, the 7th reflection primary side triangle B line current overcurrent condition, the 8th reflection primary side triangle A line current overcurrent condition；
Overcurrent identification code mainly for detection of each line current whether excessively stream, to diagnose transformer external short circuit failure；If certain line is electric
There is overcurrent in stream, then corresponding positions overcurrent identification code is 1, is otherwise 0；
The current-unbalance degree identification codes of identification code six are 6 decimal numbers, the 0th reflection secondary star c2 line electricity
The unbalanced degree of stream, the 1st reflection unbalanced degree of secondary star b2 line currents, the 2nd reflection secondary star a2 line current is unbalanced
Degree, the 3rd reflection unbalanced degree of secondary triangle c1 line currents, the 4th reflection unbalanced degree of secondary triangle b1 line currents, the
5 reflection unbalanced degree of secondary triangle a1 line currents；Current-unbalance degree identification code is unconspicuous for diagnosing current characteristic
Failure；For certain a set of winding, such as excessively a certain line current is more than the average value of the set winding wire current effective value, then electric current
Unbalanced degree identification code takes 2；If a certain line current is equal to the average value of the set winding wire current effective value, current-unbalance degree
Identification code takes 1；If a certain line current is less than the average value of the set winding wire current effective value, current-unbalance degree identification code takes
0；
The secondary harmonic brakes code of identification code seven is 1 bit；A primary side at least line current second harmonic surpasses
Setting valve is crossed, the position takes 1；When only primary side line current second harmonic is all not above setting valve, this just takes 0；It reflects transformation
Device whether there is excitation surge current；When transformer produces excitation surge current, transformer differential protection meeting malfunction, secondary harmonic brake code is just
It is for realizing that transformer differential protection is braked, preventing malfunction；
Step 3, primary signal is gathered, the transformer electricity that the transformer fault model and step 2 set up based on step 1 are set up
Parametic fault feature database carries out the detection of transformer fault type and position of failure point：Calculated by parameter detecting detection algorithm
Line voltage virtual value, line current virtual value, line voltage phase angle, line current phase angle, active power, reactive power, apparent work(
Rate, power factor, power-factor angle etc.；Then two sections of ratio formula longitudinal difference protections, zero sequence point are calculated by fault protection algorithms
Protection, overload protection, calculation of over current protection are measured, while preventing protective relaying maloperation from making by calculating excitation surge current；Finally lead to
Cross and look into the following failure of transformer fault feature database detection：Outside open circuit fault, internal break failure, shorted to earth failure, all over the ground
Short trouble, shorted-turn fault, outside phase fault, internal phase fault, overload fault, over current fault.
In a kind of above-mentioned transformer fault detection method, the step 1 is that selection Softwares of System Simulation MATLAB is directed to
Following types of transformer fault Developing Transformer fault model, selected transformer fault type includes：Outside open circuit event
Barrier, all over the ground internal break failure, shorted to earth failure, short trouble, shorted-turn fault, outside phase fault and inside
Phase fault；Debugging computer downloads to transformer fault model in dSpace semi-physical emulation platforms to produce simulation
Transformer wire pressure-wire current waveform is used for exploitation, debugging and checking.
The present invention has as follows a little：1st, oil-filled transformer, water cooled transformer, air cooled transformer are widely used in
With the transformer of the type such as air water cooling formula transformer；2nd, the generation of transformer fault is judged in advance, and prevention to greatest extent judges
The generation of transformer fault；3rd, Digital Implementation parameter detecting, error protection and fault diagnosis, device can also be according to actual needs
Increase the content to be detected；4th, online real-time parameter detection, fault diagnosis and error protection, detection range are big, and protection domain is wide,
Fault diagnosis clearly, improve the security and maintainability of system, reduce system investigation failure difficulty and spent when
Between.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is exploitation involved in the present invention, debugging and verification platform schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is transformer model schematic diagram involved in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is transformer electrical parameter knowledge base Establishing process sketch involved in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is transformer fault testing process sketch involved in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is transformer fault overhaul flow chart involved in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is transformer fault diagnosis flow chart involved in the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of transformer fault detection method of the present invention, is said exemplified by for detection Dd0y11 transformers
It is bright, implement as follows：
Step 1, transformer model are set up and comprised the steps of：Softwares of System Simulation MATLAB is selected for following types of
Transformer fault Developing Transformer fault model, selected transformer fault type includes：Outside open circuit fault, internal break
Failure, all over the ground shorted to earth failure, short trouble, shorted-turn fault, outside phase fault and internal phase fault event
Barrier.Debugging computer downloads to transformer fault model in dSpace semi-physical emulation platforms to produce analogue transformer line electricity
Line ball current waveform is used for exploitation, debugging and checking.Exploitation, debugging and verification platform are shown in Fig. 1, the signal of transformer fault model
Figure is shown in Fig. 2.
Step 2, transformer electrical parameter knowledge base are set up and comprised the steps of：According to the development process shown in Fig. 3, warp
Debugging and verification is crossed, transformer fault storehouse includes following 7 contents：Longitudinal difference protection identification code, zero-sequence current protection identification code, electricity
Flow virtual value identification code, voltage effective value identification code, overcurrent identification code, current-unbalance degree identification code and secondary harmonic brake
Code.
1. longitudinal difference protection identification code is 1 bit, position reflection transformer differential protection state.Transformer is extremely
Rare one mutually occurs Current Differential Protection, and the position takes 1；Only longitudinal difference protection does not occur for transformer current, and this just takes 0.
2. zero-sequence current protection identification code is 3 bits, the 0th (lowest order) reflection star secondary zero sequence electricity
Flow guard mode, the 1st (interposition) reflection triangle secondary zero-sequence current protection state, the 2nd (highest order) reflection primary side
Zero-sequence current protection state.If zero-sequence current protection occurs for certain side winding, the identification code on the side winding correspondence position is 1；
If zero-sequence current protection does not occur for certain side winding, the identification code on the side winding correspondence position is 0.
3. current effective value identification code is 9 decimal numbers, the 0th (lowest order) reflection secondary star c2 line currents
Virtual value, the 1st reflection secondary star b2 line current virtual value, the 2nd reflection secondary star a2 line current virtual value, the 3rd
Reflect secondary triangle c1 line current virtual values, the 4th reflection secondary triangle b1 line current virtual value, the 5th reflection secondary
Triangle a1 line current virtual values, the 6th reflection primary side triangle C line current virtual value, the 7th reflection primary side triangle B line
Current effective value, the 8th (highest order) reflection primary side triangle A line current virtual values.Current effective value identification code is mainly used in
Reflect the relative size of each line current virtual value, to diagnose transformer open circuit fault.If certain set winding current virtual value is 0,
Line current identification code is 0 on correspondence position, and the other line current virtual values of the set winding are identical, and corresponding positions identification code is 1；If certain set
Winding current virtual value is not 0, then three line current virtual value identification codes of the set winding are all 2.
4. voltage effective value identification code is 3 decimal numbers, the 0th (lowest order) reflection primary side triangle C line electricity
It is pressed with valid value, the 1st reflection primary side triangle B line voltage virtual value, the 2nd (highest order) reflection primary side triangle A line voltages
Virtual value.Voltage effective value identification code is mainly used in distinguishing the single-phase outside open circuit of primary side delta windings and primary side delta windings
Two-phase internal break.There are two kinds of situations in primary side line voltage virtual value, all line voltage virtual values are identical, voltage effective value identification
Code every is all 1；A certain line voltage virtual value is 2 times of remaining line voltage virtual value, then the line voltage virtual value identification code is
2, remaining position is 1.
5. overcurrent identification code is 9 bits, the 0th (lowest order) reflection secondary star c2 line currents are excessively electric
Stream mode, the 1st reflection secondary star b2 line current overcurrent condition, the 2nd reflection secondary star a2 line current overcurrent shape
State, the 3rd reflection secondary triangle c1 line current overcurrent condition, the 4th reflection secondary triangle b1 line current overcurrent shape
State, the 5th reflection secondary triangle a1 line current overcurrent condition, the 6th reflection primary side triangle C line current overcurrent shape
State, the 7th reflection primary side triangle B line current overcurrent condition, the 8th (highest order) reflection primary side triangle A line current mistakes
Current status.Overcurrent identification code mainly for detection of each line current whether excessively stream, to diagnose transformer external short circuit failure.Such as
Really there is overcurrent in certain line current, then corresponding positions overcurrent identification code is 1, is otherwise 0.
6. current-unbalance degree identification code is 6 decimal numbers, the 0th (lowest order) reflection secondary star c2 line electricity
The unbalanced degree of stream, the 1st reflection unbalanced degree of secondary star b2 line currents, the 2nd reflection secondary star a2 line current is unbalanced
Degree, the 3rd reflection unbalanced degree of secondary triangle c1 line currents, the 4th reflection unbalanced degree of secondary triangle b1 line currents, the
5 reflection unbalanced degree of secondary triangle a1 line currents.Current-unbalance degree identification code is unconspicuous for diagnosing current characteristic
Failure is (such as：In the absence of excessively stream, in the absence of electric current for 0).For certain a set of winding, such as excessively a certain line current be more than the set around
The average value of line current virtual value is organized, then current-unbalance degree identification code takes 2；If a certain line current is equal to set winding wire electricity
The average value of virtual value is flowed, current-unbalance degree identification code takes 1；If a certain line current is less than the set winding wire current effective value
Average value, current-unbalance degree identification code takes 0.
7. secondary harmonic brake code is 1 bit.A primary side at least line current second harmonic, which exceedes, to be adjusted
Value, the position takes 1；When only primary side line current second harmonic is all not above setting valve, this just takes 0.Whether it reflects transformer
There is excitation surge current.Transformer produce excitation surge current when, transformer differential protection can malfunction, secondary harmonic brake code be exactly for
Realize that transformer differential protection is braked, prevent malfunction.
Step 3, transformer fault detection are comprised the steps of：Parameter detecting algorithm, fault protection algorithms and fault diagnosis
Algorithm.
(1), parameter detecting algorithm is as follows：
1st, current effective value calculation formula：
2nd, voltage effective value calculation formula：
3rd, active power calculates formula：
5th, apparent energy calculates formula：
6th, power factor calculates formula：W=P/S
7th, power-factor angle calculation formula：A=acos (W)
8th, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)：Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) should use special built-in function to be operated, and application method is such as
Under：The object fft of a CFFT32 type is constructed, and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) parameter, such as conversion points FFT_N are set；It will treat
The primary signal of conversion assigns the structure fft_ipcb [2*FFT_N] of fft objects, and wherein fft_ipcb [2*i] is primary signal
The real part of value, fft_ipcb [2*i+1] is the imaginary part of original signal value, 0≤i≤FFT_N, then to fft_ipcb [2*FFT_
N] structure progress inverted order computing；Window function, such as HANNING windows are added to fft objects；Calculate fft objects；Calculate each harmonic
Amplitude.The result of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is as follows：Each harmonic component is stored in fft_ipcb [2*FFT_N] structure, wherein
Real part is stored on fft_ipcb [2*i], and imaginary part is stored on fft_ipcb [2*i+1], 0≤i≤FFT_N；Each harmonic width
The square value of value is stored in fft_mag [FFT_N] structure；Fft_ipcb [0] and fft_mag [0] is DC component；fft_
Ipcb [2*X] is fundamental wave real part, and fft_ipcb [2*X+1] is fundamental wave imaginary part, and fft_mag [X] is the square value of fundamental voltage amplitude, its
Middle X=(signal frequency × FFT_N)/sample frequency；Fft_ipcb [N*2*X] is n times harmonic wave real part, fft_ipcb [N*2*X+
1] it is n times harmonic wave imaginary part, fft_mag [N*X] is the square value of n times harmonic amplitude, and wherein N is overtone order.
9th, fundamental signal phase calculation formula：θ=atan (fft_ipcb [2*X+1], fft_ipcb [2*X])
(2) fault protection algorithms are as follows：
1st, two sections of ratio formula longitudinal difference protections are calculated
A phase longitudinal difference protection action current calculation formula：
B phase longitudinal difference protection action current calculation formula：
C phase longitudinal difference protection action current calculation formula：
A phase longitudinal difference protection stalling current calculation formula：
B phase longitudinal difference protection stalling current calculation formula：
C phase longitudinal difference protection stalling current calculation formula：
A phase longitudinal difference protection action current virtual value calculation formula：
B phase longitudinal difference protection action current virtual value calculation formula：
C phase longitudinal difference protection action current virtual value calculation formula：
A phase longitudinal difference protection stalling current virtual value calculation formula：
B phase longitudinal difference protection stalling current virtual value calculation formula：
C phase longitudinal difference protection stalling current virtual value calculation formula：
A phase longitudinal difference protection operating criterion calculation formula：
B phase longitudinal difference protection operating criterion calculation formula：
C phase longitudinal difference protection operating criterion calculation formula：
2nd, zero-sequence component protection is calculated
Residual voltage calculation formula：
Zero-sequence current calculation formula：
Residual voltage virtual value calculation formula：
Zero-sequence current virtual value calculation formula：
Residual voltage setting valve calculation formula：
Zero sequence current setting value calculation formula：
3rd, overload protection calculation formula：Sset=Srating×Kset
4th, calculation of over current protection formula：Iset=Irating×Kset
Fault diagnosis uses transformer electrical parameter knowledge base method, and the calculating of fault signature identification code is comprised in parameter
In detection algorithm and fault protection algorithms, its algorithm is described as follows with logical language：
If ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ (overcurrent identification code=
000000000 | ＆ (current-unbalance degree identification code=111111) of overcurrent identification code=111111111))
{ transformer state=normal work }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=1) ＆ (secondary harmonic brake code=1))
{ transformer state=excitation surge current }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=1) ＆ (zero-sequence current protection identification code=100) ＆ (secondary harmonic brake codes
=0))
{ transformer state=primary side D winding turns ground short circuit }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=1) ＆ (zero-sequence current protection identification code=010) ＆ (secondary harmonic brake codes
=0))
{ transformer state=secondary d winding turns ground short circuit }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=1) ＆ (zero-sequence current protection identification code=001) ＆ (secondary harmonic brake codes
=0))
{ transformer state=secondary y winding turns ground short circuit }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=1) ＆ (zero-sequence current protection identification code=000) ＆ (secondary harmonic brake codes
=0))
{ transformer state=turn-to-turn short circuit }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=011011222) ＆ (voltage effective values
Identification code=121))
{ the single-phase outside open circuit of transformer state=A phases }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=101101222) ＆ (voltage effective values
Identification code=112))
{ the single-phase outside open circuit of transformer state=B phases }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=110110222) ＆ (voltage effective values
Identification code=211))
{ the single-phase outside open circuit of transformer state=C phases }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222011222))
{ the single-phase outside open circuit of transformer state=a1 phases or c1, a1 phase two-phase internal break }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222101222))
{ the single-phase outside open circuit of transformer state=b1 phases or a1, b1 phase two-phase internal break }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222110222))
{ the single-phase outside open circuit of transformer state=c1 phases or b1, c1 phase two-phase internal break }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222011))
{ the single-phase outside open circuit of transformer state=a2 phases or internal break }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222101))
{ the single-phase outside open circuit of transformer state=b2 phases or internal break }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222110))
{ the single-phase outside open circuit of transformer state=c2 phases or internal break }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222000222))
{ at least two-phase open circuit of transformer state=d0 windings }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222000))
{ at least two-phase open circuit of transformer state=y11 windings }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ (current-unbalances
Degree identification code=202102))
{ transformer state=single-phase internal break of A phases }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ (current-unbalances
Degree identification code=220210))
{ transformer state=single-phase internal break of B phases }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ (current-unbalances
Degree identification code=022021))
{ transformer state=single-phase internal break of C phases }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ (current-unbalances
Degree identification code=201111))
{ transformer state=single-phase internal break of a1 phases }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ (current-unbalances
Degree identification code=120111))
{ transformer state=single-phase internal break of b1 phases }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ (current-unbalances
Degree identification code=012111))
{ transformer state=single-phase internal break of c1 phases }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=101101222) ＆ (voltage effective values
Identification code=111))
{ transformer state=A, B phase two-phase internal break }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=110110222) ＆ (voltage effective values
Identification code=111))
{ transformer state=B, C phase two-phase internal break }
Elesif ((longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=011011222) ＆ (voltage effective values
Identification code=111))
{ transformer state=C, A phase two-phase internal break }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=100111000))
{ transformer state=a1 phases one-phase short-circuit current }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=010111000))
{ transformer state=b1 phases one-phase short-circuit current }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=001111000))
{ transformer state=c1 phases one-phase short-circuit current }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=110000111))
{ transformer state=a2 phases one-phase short-circuit current }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=011000111))
{ transformer state=b2 phases one-phase short-circuit current }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=101000111))
{ transformer state=c2 phases one-phase short-circuit current }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code code=110110000))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=a1, b1 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=011011000))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=b1, c1 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=101101000))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=c1, a1 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=111000110))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=a2, b2 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=111000011))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=b2, c2 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=111000101))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=c2, a2 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=000000000) ＆ (current-unbalance degree identification code=202220))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=a1, a2 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=110110110))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=a1, b2 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=101101111))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=a1, c2 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=110110111))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=b1, a2 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=000000000) ＆ (current-unbalance degree identification code=220022))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=b1, b2 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=011011011))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=b1, c2 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=101101101))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=c1, a2 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=011011111))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=c1, b2 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=000000000) ＆ (current-unbalance degree identification code=022202))
{ phase fault outside transformer state=c1, c2 }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=111111000))
{ transformer state=relative ground circuit of a1, b1, c1 phase three }
((overcurrent is recognized (longitudinal difference protection identification code=0) ＆ (current effective value identification code=222222222) ＆ elesif
Code=111000111))
{ transformer state=relative ground circuit of a2, b2, c2 phase three }
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology neck belonging to of the invention
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be replaced using similar mode
Generation, but without departing from the spiritual of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of transformer fault detection method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, transformer fault model is set up：It is imitative by theory analysis or system for the transformer type to be detected
True software analysis has change and failure of each phase winding line voltage waveform of transformer and line current waveform before and after various failures
The type of the relay protection triggered；
Step 2, transformer electrical parameter knowledge base is set up：To each phase winding line voltage waveform of transformer before and after various failures and
The type for the relay protection that the change of line current waveform and the failure are triggered is analyzed, and system of selection is simple, effect is bright
Aobvious fault signature, is encoded into fault signature identification code and is cured in transformer electrical parameter knowledge base；
Wherein, transformer fault storehouse includes following 7 contents：Longitudinal difference protection identification code, zero-sequence current protection identification code, electric current have
Valid value identification code, voltage effective value identification code, overcurrent identification code, current-unbalance degree identification code and secondary harmonic brake code；
It is specific as follows：
The longitudinal difference protections identification code of identification code one is 1 bit, position reflection transformer differential protection state；Transformation
Current Differential Protection mutually occurs for device at least one, and the position takes 1；Only longitudinal difference protection does not occur for transformer current, and this just takes
0；
The zero-sequence current protections identification code of identification code two is 3 bits, and the 0th reflection star secondary zero-sequence current is protected
Shield state, the 1st reflection triangle secondary zero-sequence current protection state, the 2nd reflection primary side zero-sequence current protection state；If
When zero-sequence current protection occurs for certain side winding, the identification code on the side winding correspondence position is 1；If zero sequence does not occur for certain side winding
During current protection, the identification code on the side winding correspondence position is 0；
The current effective value identification codes of identification code three are 9 decimal numbers, and the 0th reflection secondary star c2 line current is effective
Value, the 1st reflection secondary star b2 line current virtual value, the 2nd reflection secondary star a2 line current virtual value, the 3rd reflection
Secondary triangle c1 line current virtual values, the 4th reflection secondary triangle b1 line current virtual value, the 5th reflection secondary triangle
Shape a1 line current virtual values, the 6th reflection primary side triangle C line current virtual value, the 7th reflection primary side triangle B line current
Virtual value, the 8th reflection primary side triangle A line current virtual value；Current effective value identification code is mainly used in reflecting each line current
The relative size of virtual value, to diagnose transformer open circuit fault；If certain set winding current virtual value is 0, correspondence position is reached the standard grade electricity
It is 0 to flow identification code, and the other line current virtual values of the set winding are identical, and corresponding positions identification code is 1；If certain set winding current is effective
Value is not 0, then three line current virtual value identification codes of the set winding are all 2；
The voltage effective value identification codes of identification code four are 3 decimal numbers, and the 0th reflection primary side triangle C line voltage has
Valid value, the 1st reflection primary side triangle B line voltage virtual value, the 2nd reflection primary side triangle A line voltage virtual value；Voltage has
Valid value identification code is mainly used in distinguishing the single-phase outside open circuit of primary side delta windings and primary side delta windings two-phase internal break；
There are two kinds of situations in primary side line voltage virtual value, all line voltage virtual values are identical, and voltage effective value identification code every is all 1；
A certain line voltage virtual value is 2 times of remaining line voltage virtual value, then the line voltage virtual value identification code is 2, and remaining position is 1；
The overcurrent identification codes of identification code five are 9 bits, the 0th reflection secondary star c2 line current overcurrent shape
State, the 1st reflection secondary star b2 line current overcurrent condition, the 2nd reflection secondary star a2 line current overcurrent condition, the
3 reflection secondary triangle c1 line current overcurrent conditions, the 4th reflection secondary triangle b1 line current overcurrent condition, the 5th
Position reflection secondary triangle a1 line current overcurrent conditions, the 6th reflection primary side triangle C line current overcurrent condition, the 7th
Reflect primary side triangle B line current overcurrent conditions, the 8th reflection primary side triangle A line current overcurrent condition；Overcurrent is known
Other code mainly for detection of each line current whether excessively stream, to diagnose transformer external short circuit failure；If certain line current was present
Electric current, then corresponding positions overcurrent identification code is 1, is otherwise 0；
The current-unbalance degree identification codes of identification code six are 6 decimal numbers, and the 0th reflection secondary star c2 line current is not
Equilibrium degree, the 1st reflection unbalanced degree of secondary star b2 line currents, the 2nd reflection unbalanced degree of secondary star a2 line currents, the
3 reflection unbalanced degree of secondary triangle c1 line currents, the 4th reflection unbalanced degree of secondary triangle b1 line currents, the 5th is anti-
Reflect the unbalanced degree of secondary triangle a1 line currents；Current-unbalance degree identification code is used for diagnosing the unconspicuous failure of current characteristic；
For certain a set of winding, such as excessively a certain line current is more than the average value of the set winding wire current effective value, then current unevenness
Weighing apparatus degree identification code takes 2；If a certain line current is equal to the average value of the set winding wire current effective value, the identification of current-unbalance degree
Code takes 1；If a certain line current is less than the average value of the set winding wire current effective value, current-unbalance degree identification code takes 0；
The secondary harmonic brakes code of identification code seven is 1 bit；A primary side at least line current second harmonic exceedes
Setting valve, the position takes 1；When only primary side line current second harmonic is all not above setting valve, this just takes 0；It reflects transformer
With the presence or absence of excitation surge current；When transformer produces excitation surge current, transformer differential protection understands malfunction, and secondary harmonic brake code is exactly
For realizing that transformer differential protection is braked, malfunction is prevented；
Step 3, primary signal is gathered, the transformer electrical parameter that the transformer fault model and step 2 set up based on step 1 are set up
Knowledge base carries out the detection of transformer fault type and position of failure point：Calculating line voltage by parameter detecting algorithm has
Valid value, line current virtual value, line voltage phase angle, line current phase angle, active power, reactive power, apparent energy, power because
Number, power-factor angle etc.；Then two sections of ratio formula longitudinal difference protections, zero-sequence component protection, mistake are calculated by fault protection algorithms
Load protection, calculation of over current protection, while preventing protective relaying maloperation from making by calculating excitation surge current；Finally by looking into transformer
Knowledge base detects following failure：Outside open circuit fault, internal break failure, all over the ground shorted to earth failure, short trouble, circle
Between short trouble, outside phase fault, internal phase fault, overload fault, over current fault；
The step 1 is that selection Softwares of System Simulation MATLAB is directed to following types of transformer fault Developing Transformer failure mould
Type, selected transformer fault type includes：Outside open circuit fault, internal break failure, all over the ground shorted to earth failure, short circuit
Failure, shorted-turn fault, outside phase fault and internal phase fault.
2. a kind of transformer fault detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that debugging computer is by transformer
Fault model downloads in dSpace semi-physical emulation platforms to produce analogue transformer line voltage line current waveform for exploitation, tune
Examination and checking are used.
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| CN105067924A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Signal identification system and method based on Feature Selective Validation method |
| CN106199326A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-12-07 | 国电南京自动化股份有限公司 | A kind of detection method of the phase-shifting transformer turn-to-turn short circuit of cascaded high-voltage frequency converter |
| CN106768000B (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2019-05-24 | 科诺伟业风能设备（北京）有限公司 | A kind of wind driven generator set converter water-cooling system pressure anomaly detection method |
| CN108767812B (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2019-10-18 | 广州供电局有限公司 | Zero-sequence protection method, device and equipment |
| CN110749838B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2021-10-08 | 中国大唐集团科学技术研究院有限公司华中电力试验研究院 | Star-delta connection transformer turn-to-turn short circuit fault identification method |
| CN113933743B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-09-20 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | On-line diagnosis device and method for short-circuit fault point of secondary winding of traction transformer |
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