CN104404275A - Method for refluxing, leaching and continuously decomposing scheelite - Google Patents

Method for refluxing, leaching and continuously decomposing scheelite Download PDF

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CN104404275A
CN104404275A CN201410706456.XA CN201410706456A CN104404275A CN 104404275 A CN104404275 A CN 104404275A CN 201410706456 A CN201410706456 A CN 201410706456A CN 104404275 A CN104404275 A CN 104404275A
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sheelite
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赵中伟
陈星宇
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Central South University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种逆流浸出连续分解白钨矿的方法,包括如下步骤:1)将白钨矿与母液连续加入反应1区,充分搅拌混合,所得浆料进入反应2区;2)向反应2区中连续补加硫酸、磷酸,充分搅拌混合,所得浆料进入反应3区;3)在反应3区中浆料进行分流,一部分浆料回流至反应1区,另一部分浆料进入反应4区;4)将反应4区中所得浆料过滤,浸出液提钨,所得母液返回反应1区继续与白钨矿混合。通过采用连续浸出结合连续补酸,避免白钨矿浸出条件的波动,并将部分浸出矿浆直接返回,一方面可以进一步抑制波动,另一方面在稳定工作条件下返回矿浆中的石膏渣可作为晶种,简化了操作,改善了效果,从而实现了大规模稳定生产。

The invention relates to a method for continuously decomposing scheelite by countercurrent leaching, comprising the following steps: 1) continuously adding scheelite and mother liquor to reaction zone 1, fully stirring and mixing, and the obtained slurry enters reaction zone 2; Continuously add sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid in the zone, fully stir and mix, and the resulting slurry enters the reaction zone 3; 3) In the reaction zone 3, the slurry is divided, part of the slurry is refluxed to the reaction zone 1, and the other part of the slurry enters the reaction zone 4 ; 4) Filter the slurry obtained in the reaction zone 4, extract tungsten from the leaching solution, and return the obtained mother liquor to the reaction zone 1 to continue mixing with scheelite. By adopting continuous leaching combined with continuous acid supplementation, fluctuations in scheelite leaching conditions are avoided, and part of the leached pulp is returned directly. On the one hand, fluctuations can be further suppressed. On the other hand, the gypsum slag returned to the pulp under stable working conditions can be used as crystal It simplifies the operation and improves the effect, thus realizing large-scale stable production.

Description

一种逆流浸出连续分解白钨矿的方法A method for continuous decomposition of scheelite by countercurrent leaching

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及一种逆流浸出连续分解白钨矿的方法,属于湿法冶金技术领域。The invention relates to a method for countercurrent leaching and continuous decomposition of scheelite, which belongs to the technical field of hydrometallurgy.

背景技术Background technique

中国的钨资源储量世界第一,其中白钨矿占钨资源储量2/3以上。开发高效的白钨矿冶炼工艺就成为促进钨工业发展的关键。China's tungsten resource reserves rank first in the world, among which scheelite accounts for more than 2/3 of the tungsten resource reserves. The development of efficient scheelite smelting process has become the key to promote the development of tungsten industry.

ZL201010605095.1、国际专利PCT申请(PCT/CN2011/001895)提出了采用硫酸-磷酸协同分解白钨矿的方法。其中,ZL201010605095.1通过在混酸体系中加入白钨矿分解提取钨,并且向提钨后的母液中补入磷酸和硫酸返回浸出。ZL201010605095.1 and the international patent PCT application (PCT/CN2011/001895) proposed a method of synergistically decomposing scheelite using sulfuric acid-phosphoric acid. Among them, ZL201010605095.1 decomposes and extracts tungsten by adding scheelite into the mixed acid system, and adds phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid to the mother liquor after tungsten extraction to return to leaching.

在上述磷酸-硫酸体系分解白钨矿的过程中存在以下缺陷:(1)由于浸出采用间断操作,生产效率低,稳定性差:在白钨矿投料时,一方面由于剧烈反应导致溶液酸度迅速下降,特别是投料区域附近的酸度瞬间下降尤甚。另一方面剧烈反应导致溶液中硫酸钙浓度迅速上升形成大的过饱和度。另外剧烈的反应还导致局部温度过高,影响硫酸钙的晶型控制。这些问题在处理伴生有大量含钙脉石的低品位钨矿时更加突出,往往使浸出过程偏离最佳工作条件,造成料浆中结块现象,使得分解效果不理想;(2)酸浓度在每一浸出周期开始时较高,但随着反应消耗而不断下降,难以为硫酸钙结晶提供稳定的物理化学环境,进而影响浸出。若加大反应液固比,可一定程度上稳定酸浓度,但又大幅降低了设备处理能力;(3)为改善硫酸钙的结晶行为而加入的晶种需要专门制备,制成的晶种还要精心过滤洗涤以免团聚而影响效果,这又使过程复杂冗长,有时还难以达到好的浸出效果。There are following defects in the process of decomposing scheelite by the above-mentioned phosphoric acid-sulfuric acid system: (1) due to the intermittent operation of leaching, the production efficiency is low and the stability is poor: when feeding scheelite, on the one hand, the acidity of the solution drops rapidly due to violent reactions , especially the instant drop in acidity near the feeding area. On the other hand, the violent reaction causes the concentration of calcium sulfate in the solution to rise rapidly to form a large degree of supersaturation. In addition, the violent reaction also leads to excessive local temperature, which affects the crystal form control of calcium sulfate. These problems are more prominent when dealing with low-grade tungsten ore with a large amount of calcium-containing gangue, which often makes the leaching process deviate from the optimal working conditions, resulting in agglomeration in the slurry, making the decomposition effect unsatisfactory; (2) the acid concentration is in the It is high at the beginning of each leaching cycle, but it decreases continuously with the consumption of the reaction. It is difficult to provide a stable physical and chemical environment for calcium sulfate crystallization, thereby affecting leaching. If the reaction liquid-solid ratio is increased, the acid concentration can be stabilized to a certain extent, but the processing capacity of the equipment is greatly reduced; (3) the crystal seeds added for improving the crystallization behavior of calcium sulfate need to be specially prepared, and the processed seed crystals also need to be specially prepared. It is necessary to filter and wash carefully to avoid agglomeration and affect the effect, which makes the process complicated and lengthy, and sometimes it is difficult to achieve a good leaching effect.

发明内容Contents of the invention

为克服上述问题,本发明提供一种高效逆流浸出连续分解白钨矿的方法。通过采用连续浸出结合连续补酸,避免白钨矿浸出条件的波动,并将部分浸出矿浆直接返回,一方面可以进一步抑制波动,另一方面在稳定工作条件下返回矿浆中的石膏渣可作为晶种,简化了操作,改善了效果,从而实现了大规模稳定生产。In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention provides a method for continuously decomposing scheelite by efficient countercurrent leaching. By adopting continuous leaching combined with continuous acid supplementation, fluctuations in scheelite leaching conditions are avoided, and part of the leached pulp is returned directly. On the one hand, fluctuations can be further suppressed. On the other hand, the gypsum slag returned to the pulp under stable working conditions can be used as crystal It simplifies the operation and improves the effect, thus realizing large-scale stable production.

为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

一种逆流浸出连续分解白钨矿的方法,包括如下步骤:A method for continuously decomposing scheelite by countercurrent leaching, comprising the steps of:

1)将白钨矿与母液连续加入反应1区,充分搅拌混合,所得浆料进入反应2区;1) Add scheelite and mother liquor to reaction zone 1 continuously, stir and mix thoroughly, and the obtained slurry enters reaction zone 2;

2)向反应2区中连续补加硫酸、磷酸,充分搅拌混合,所得浆料进入反应3区;2) Continuously add sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid to the reaction zone 2, fully stir and mix, and the resulting slurry enters the reaction zone 3;

3)在反应3区中浆料进行分流,一部分浆料回流至反应1区,另一部分浆料进入反应4区;3) In the reaction zone 3, the slurry is divided, a part of the slurry flows back to the reaction zone 1, and another part of the slurry enters the reaction zone 4;

4)将反应4区中所得浆料过滤,浸出液提钨,所得母液返回反应1区继续与白钨矿混合。4) Filter the slurry obtained in the reaction zone 4, extract tungsten from the leaching solution, and return the obtained mother liquor to the reaction zone 1 to continue mixing with scheelite.

其中,在步骤1)中,所述白钨矿与母液的质量体积比为1:2~10(kg/L)。Wherein, in step 1), the mass volume ratio of the scheelite to the mother liquor is 1:2-10 (kg/L).

其中,在步骤1)中,所述白钨矿中WO3质量百分比为10-70%,98%粒度不大于50目。Wherein, in step 1), the mass percentage of WO 3 in the scheelite is 10-70%, and the particle size of 98% is not greater than 50 mesh.

在步骤1)中,搅拌速度70~180rmp;优选90-100rmp。In step 1), the stirring speed is 70-180rmp; preferably 90-100rmp.

其中,在步骤2)中,加酸后的反应2区中,以折算成P2O5计,浓度为15%-30%,硫酸根浓度为50-150g/L。Wherein, in step 2), in the reaction zone 2 after acid addition, the concentration is 15%-30% and the sulfate concentration is 50-150g/L in terms of P 2 O 5 .

在步骤2)中,搅拌速度70~180rmp;优选90-100rmp。In step 2), the stirring speed is 70-180rmp; preferably 90-100rmp.

其中,在步骤3)中,回流至反应1区的浆料质量占反应3区总浆料质量的20%-80%。Wherein, in step 3), the mass of the slurry returned to the reaction zone 1 accounts for 20%-80% of the total mass of the slurry in the reaction zone 3.

其中,在整个连续反应中温度控制在60-100℃,总反应时间控制在1~6h,浆料流速控制在124-128L/h之间,在保证浆料充分反应的同时提高反应效率。Among them, in the whole continuous reaction, the temperature is controlled at 60-100°C, the total reaction time is controlled at 1-6h, and the slurry flow rate is controlled at 124-128L/h, so as to improve the reaction efficiency while ensuring the sufficient reaction of the slurry.

本发明具有有益效果如下:1、部分浆料回流到反应1区参与逆流反应,能降低钨矿的分解酸耗,实现白钨矿的高效分解;2、回流浆料中含有生成的硫酸钙,可作为晶种来降低硫酸钙的过饱和度;3、反应体系中酸浓度相对稳定,可以获得粗大规则的硫酸钙结晶,不但能提高钨矿分解率,还使固液分离易于操作。The invention has beneficial effects as follows: 1. Part of the slurry flows back to the reaction zone 1 to participate in the countercurrent reaction, which can reduce the decomposition acid consumption of tungsten ore and realize the efficient decomposition of scheelite; 2. The reflux slurry contains generated calcium sulfate, It can be used as a crystal seed to reduce the supersaturation of calcium sulfate; 3. The acid concentration in the reaction system is relatively stable, and coarse and regular calcium sulfate crystals can be obtained, which not only improves the decomposition rate of tungsten ore, but also makes solid-liquid separation easy to operate.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明实施例1所述连续反应流程示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the continuous reaction process described in Example 1 of the present invention.

图2为本发明实施例1中所述连续反应装置俯视图。Fig. 2 is a top view of the continuous reaction device described in Example 1 of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合实施例作进一步说明,以下实施例旨在说明本发明而不是对本发明的进一步限定。Further description will be made below in conjunction with examples, and the following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention rather than further limit the present invention.

实施例1逆流浸出连续分解白钨矿的方法Embodiment 1 Countercurrent leaching method for continuously decomposing scheelite

本实施例提供一种逆流浸出连续分解白钨矿的方法,如图1、图2所示,包括如下步骤:This embodiment provides a method for continuously decomposing scheelite by countercurrent leaching, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, including the following steps:

1)将白钨矿(其中WO3质量百分比为30%,98%粒度不大于50目)、母液以质量体积比1:5(kg/L)连续加入反应1区,充分搅拌混合,所得浆料进入反应2区;1) Add scheelite (wherein WO 3 mass percentage is 30%, 98% particle size is not greater than 50 mesh), mother liquor is continuously added to reaction zone 1 at a mass volume ratio of 1:5 (kg/L), fully stirred and mixed, and the obtained slurry The material enters the reaction zone 2;

2)向反应2区中连续补加硫酸、磷酸,充分搅拌混合,所得浆料进入反应3区;2) Continuously add sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid to the reaction zone 2, fully stir and mix, and the resulting slurry enters the reaction zone 3;

加酸后的反应2区中,以P2O5计浓度为16.8%,硫酸根浓度为55g/L;In the reaction zone 2 after acid addition, the concentration in terms of P2O5 is 16.8%, and the sulfate concentration is 55g/L;

3)在反应3区中,占浆料总质量30%的部分浆料回流至反应1区,剩余浆料进入反应4区;3) In the reaction area 3, part of the slurry accounting for 30% of the total mass of the slurry is returned to the reaction area 1, and the remaining slurry enters the reaction area 4;

4)将反应4区中所得浆料过滤,浸出液提钨,所得母液返回反应1区继续与白钨矿混合。4) Filter the slurry obtained in the reaction zone 4, extract tungsten from the leaching solution, and return the obtained mother liquor to the reaction zone 1 to continue mixing with scheelite.

其中,在整个连续反应中温度控制在62℃。Wherein, the temperature was controlled at 62°C throughout the continuous reaction.

反应1区、2区的搅拌速度均为95rmp,浆液流速是125L/h。The stirring speeds of reaction zone 1 and zone 2 are both 95rmp, and the slurry flow rate is 125L/h.

采用实施例1所述工艺分解白钨矿,反应总停留时间控制在6h。The process described in Example 1 was used to decompose scheelite, and the total residence time of the reaction was controlled at 6h.

实施例2-9Example 2-9

按照实施例1的方法逆流浸出连续分解白钨矿。其中,控制各反应区的搅拌速度为90-100rmp,浆液流速是124-128L/h。具体操作参数及结果如表1所示。According to the method of Example 1, scheelite was continuously decomposed by countercurrent leaching. Wherein, the stirring speed of each reaction zone is controlled to be 90-100rmp, and the slurry flow rate is 124-128L/h. The specific operating parameters and results are shown in Table 1.

表1.连续反应槽分解白钨矿的具体操作及结果Table 1. Specific operation and results of continuous reaction tank decomposition of scheelite

与传统的间歇反应工艺相比,采用本发明所述的处理工艺,能够实现白钨矿的连续浸出,不仅降低操作工人的劳动强度,而且在节能作用方面也取得显著效果。Compared with the traditional batch reaction process, the treatment process of the present invention can realize continuous leaching of scheelite, which not only reduces the labor intensity of operators, but also achieves remarkable effects in terms of energy saving.

虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。Although the present invention has been described in detail with general descriptions and specific embodiments above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention. Therefore, the modifications or improvements made on the basis of not departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a method for counterflow leaching continuous decomposition sheelite, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) sheelite and mother liquor are added reaction 1 district continuously, be fully uniformly mixed, gained slurry enters reaction 2 district;
2) in reaction 2 district, add sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid continuously, be fully uniformly mixed, gained slurry enters reaction 3 district;
3) in reaction 3 district, slurry is shunted, and a part of backflow of slurry is to reaction 1st district, and another part slurry enters reaction 4 district;
4) by gained slurries filtration in reaction 4 district, tungsten carried by leach liquor, and mother liquid obtained reaction 1 district that returns continues to mix with sheelite.
2. the method for counterflow leaching continuous decomposition sheelite according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1) in, the mass volume ratio of described sheelite and mother liquor is 1:2 ~ 10 (kg/L).
3. the method for counterflow leaching continuous decomposition sheelite according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1) in, WO in described sheelite 3mass percent is 10-70%, and 98% granularity is not more than 50 orders.
4. the method for counterflow leaching continuous decomposition sheelite according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 2) in, in reaction 2 district after acid adding, to be converted to P 2o 5meter, concentration is 15%-30%.
5. the method for counterflow leaching continuous decomposition sheelite according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 2) in, in reaction 2 district after acid adding, sulfate concentration is 50-150g/L.
6. the method for counterflow leaching continuous decomposition sheelite according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 3) in, the stock quality being back to reaction 1 district accounts for the 20%-80% of the total stock quality of reaction 3 Qu.
7. the method for counterflow leaching continuous decomposition sheelite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in whole successive reaction, temperature controls at 60-100 DEG C.
8. the method for counterflow leaching continuous decomposition sheelite according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 1), step 2) in, stirring velocity 70 ~ 180rmp.
9. the method for counterflow leaching continuous decomposition sheelite according to claim 8, is characterized in that, in step 1), step 2) in, stirring velocity 90-100rmp.
10. the method for counterflow leaching continuous decomposition sheelite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the flow rate control of described slurry is between 124-128L/h.
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102021328A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-04-20 中南大学 Method for extracting tungsten from scheelite
CN102080157A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-06-01 中南大学 Method for decomposing scheelite

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102021328A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-04-20 中南大学 Method for extracting tungsten from scheelite
CN102080157A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-06-01 中南大学 Method for decomposing scheelite

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