CN104404245A - Method for producing abrasion-resistant material by utilizing high-phosphorus oolitic hematite - Google Patents
Method for producing abrasion-resistant material by utilizing high-phosphorus oolitic hematite Download PDFInfo
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- CN104404245A CN104404245A CN201410665367.5A CN201410665367A CN104404245A CN 104404245 A CN104404245 A CN 104404245A CN 201410665367 A CN201410665367 A CN 201410665367A CN 104404245 A CN104404245 A CN 104404245A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing an abrasion-resistant material by utilizing high-phosphorus oolitic hematite, and belongs to the technical field of iron mine production. The method for producing the abrasion-resistant material by utilizing the high-phosphorus oolitic hematite comprises the following steps: obtaining iron core concentrate of high-phosphorus oolitic hematite; carrying out pelletizing/briquetting on the obtained iron core concentrate; obtaining coal gas; directly reducing the iron core concentrate subjected to pelletizing/briquetting through the obtained coal gas; carrying out electric furnace smelting on the reduced iron core concentrate; casting the iron core concentrate subjected to electric furnace smelting; carrying out thermal treatment/finish machining on the cast iron core concentrate. According to the method for producing the abrasion-resistant material by utilizing the high-phosphorus oolitic hematite disclosed by the invention, iron and phosphorus are reduced together, phosphorus in pig iron does not need to be removed, and a unique abrasion-resistant product is produced by utilizing high-phosphorous iron.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to iron ore production technical field, particularly a kind of method utilizing high-phosphor oolitic hematite to produce high-abrasive material.
Background technology
The comprehensive utilization of oolitic hematite is a global difficult problem, often adopts and lowered by the phosphorus content in reduced iron in prior art, obtain reduced iron and use as steel scrap.Under this Research Thinking instructs, technician considers and utilizes rotary hearth furnace to fall squama reduction to west place in Hubei high-phosphorus iron ore, and to obtain the steel scrap that steel-making needs, the level reached at present is:
(1). after ore dressing, iron part 60% ± 2, Al can be obtained
2o
3content 4-6%, the concentrate of [P] <0.25%.
(2). breeze through in join carbon pelletizing after, reduce in rotary hearth furnace, all iron content can be obtained at 92-93%, [P] reduced iron between 0.18-0.2%.
The subject matter that this technique exists is: what obtain after rotary hearth furnace reduction is a kind of intermediates, if it can be used as converter steel scrap to use, [P] (phosphorus) content or higher, when the serious surplus of current iron and steel production capacity, if throw huge fund to produce this intermediates, cost can be met with remain high, the problem that added value of product is low.
Meanwhile, phosphorus can increase the cold shortness of steel, and welding property is degenerated, and reduces plasticity, cold-bending property is degenerated, so in the process of steel-making, is main purpose with dephosphorization, but in prior art, dephosphorization difficulty, is difficult to realize large-scale commercial production.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide one and iron, phosphorus is restored together, need not deviate from the phosphorus in the pig iron, but utilize the method for high ferrophosphorus production wear resistant products.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of method utilizing high-phosphor oolitic hematite to produce high-abrasive material and comprising the iron ore concentrate obtaining high-phosphor oolitic hematite; Pelletizing or briquetting are carried out to the iron ore concentrate obtained; Obtain gas maked coal; By obtaining gas maked coal to the iron ore concentrate direct-reduction carrying out pelletizing or briquetting; Electrosmelting is carried out to the iron ore concentrate of reduction; Iron ore concentrate after electrosmelting is cast; / precision work is heat-treated to the iron ore concentrate after casting, obtains described high-abrasive material.
Further, the described iron ore concentrate to obtaining carries out pelletizing or briquetting and comprises the performance measuring the iron ore concentrate obtained; Obtain wilkinite, performance measurement is carried out to the wilkinite obtained; Iron ore concentrate and wilkinite are carried out batching and in join carbon, control the bentonitic amount of allocating into; To carry out preparing burden and in join the iron ore concentrate of carbon and wilkinite and to add water mixing, control amount of water; Iron ore concentrate after mixing and wilkinite profit mill are carried out pelletizing or briquetting, and the iron ore concentrate obtain briquetting and wilkinite carry out pressure ball; Iron ore concentrate after the pelletizing of acquisition or pressure ball and wilkinite are sieved, obtains qualified green-ball.
Further, described acquisition gas maked coal comprises sends coal dust and oxygen into coal-made gas furnace, carries out process and obtains coal gas; Process acquisition is carried out to coal gas and includes CO, H
2reducing gas.
Further, described by obtain gas maked coal to the iron ore concentrate direct-reduction carrying out pelletizing or briquetting comprise by gas maked coal heat after send into shaft furnace; By qualified green-ball through vertical furnace top distributor, be distributed into double-deck umbrella shape Drying Bed dry, by reducing gas, preheating, roasting, soaking and cooling carried out to the qualified green-ball falling into annular roasting chamber, be discharged on ring-shaped platform through discharge gate and cool; Enter after the finished ball nodulizing cooling obtained after reduction in the automatic discharge car run around vertical cylindrical furnace, through underground funnel, enter chain mat machine to deliver to heat and to shake sieve, shake after sieve screens out powder through heat, enter finished ball storehouse, have bad luck the storage of finished product stockyard with shovel loader, the powder under heat shakes sieve sieve, transport to stock ground storage with automobile, concentrate the outer electric furnace shop that is transported to use; Unload to conveyor after shaft furnace endoparticle dust focuses on furnace bottom ash bucket, be delivered on chain mat machine; What shaft furnace produced contains dust flue gas, and through electric precipitator dedusting, qualified discharge, the dust that electric precipitator is collected, after adding water, transports concentrate stock ground to automobile and carry out recycle.
Further, the described iron ore concentrate to reduction carries out electrosmelting and comprises the iron ore concentrate after by reduction and add in electric furnace and carry out melting; By the computer of the feed proportioning system of electric furnace, batching is controlled, different furnace charge is controlled with addition of order and heating sequence, bonded hard ferrite magnet is controlled automatically, induction furnace melting batch power transmission is controlled, the spheroidizing of induction furnace iron liquid is controlled, the thawing of direct-reduced iron, insulation and composition adjustment have been controlled to hot metal composition.
Further, described/precision work is heat-treated to the iron ore concentrate after casting, obtain described high-abrasive material and comprise the bainite required for being obtained by thermal treatment process and martensite and austenitic weave construction.
The method utilizing high-phosphor oolitic hematite to produce high-abrasive material provided by the invention first obtains the iron ore concentrate of high-phosphor oolitic hematite, pelletizing or briquetting are carried out to the iron ore concentrate obtained, then gas maked coal is obtained, by obtaining gas maked coal to the iron ore concentrate direct-reduction carrying out pelletizing or briquetting, iron, phosphorus are restored together, the phosphorus in the pig iron need not be deviate from, electrosmelting is carried out to the iron ore concentrate of reduction, iron ore concentrate after electrosmelting is cast, / precision work is heat-treated to the iron ore concentrate after casting, high-abrasive material needed for acquisition, has saved cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The high-phosphor oolitic hematite that utilizes that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention produces the schematic flow sheet of the method for high-abrasive material;
Fig. 2 carries out the process flow sheet of pelletizing or briquetting for iron ore concentrate that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
The method utilizing high-phosphor oolitic hematite to produce high-abrasive material provided by the invention first obtains the iron ore concentrate of high-phosphor oolitic hematite, pelletizing or briquetting are carried out to the iron ore concentrate obtained, then gas maked coal is obtained, by obtaining gas maked coal to the iron ore concentrate direct-reduction carrying out pelletizing or briquetting, iron, phosphorus are restored together, the phosphorus in the pig iron need not be deviate from, electrosmelting is carried out to the iron ore concentrate of reduction, iron ore concentrate after electrosmelting is cast, / precision work is heat-treated to the iron ore concentrate after casting, high-abrasive material needed for acquisition, has saved cost.
Embodiment one
See Fig. 1, a kind of method utilizing high-phosphor oolitic hematite to produce high-abrasive material that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprising:
Step 110, obtains the iron ore concentrate of high-phosphor oolitic hematite;
Step 120, carries out pelletizing or briquetting to the iron ore concentrate obtained;
Step 130, obtains gas maked coal;
Step 140, by obtaining gas maked coal to the iron ore concentrate direct-reduction carrying out pelletizing or briquetting;
Step 150, carries out electrosmelting to the iron ore concentrate of reduction;
Step 160, casts the iron ore concentrate after electrosmelting;
Step 170, heat-treats/precision work to the iron ore concentrate after casting, obtains described high-abrasive material.
Introduce the embodiment of the present invention in order to clearer, be explained from each step below.
First, step 110 is introduced;
Obtain the iron ore concentrate of high-phosphor oolitic hematite.
Then, step 120 is introduced;
See Fig. 2, obtain the iron ore concentrate of high-phosphor oolitic hematite.The described iron ore concentrate to obtaining carries out pelletizing/briquetting and comprises: the performance measuring the iron ore concentrate obtained; Obtain wilkinite, performance measurement is carried out to the wilkinite obtained; Iron ore concentrate and wilkinite are carried out batching and in join carbon.Control the bentonitic amount of allocating into; Batching will be carried out and in join carbon iron ore concentrate and wilkinite and to add water mixing, control amount of water; Wilkinite add-on at 1-2%, moisture control in the scope of 1-2%, preferably 1.5%; Iron ore concentrate after mixing and wilkinite profit mill are carried out pelletizing/pressure ball; Iron ore concentrate after smart pelletizing/pressure ball and wilkinite are sieved, qualified green-ball; The iron ore concentrate of qualified green-ball and wilkinite are measured dropping strength.
Then, step 130 is introduced;
Obtain gas maked coal.Described acquisition gas maked coal comprises sends coal dust and oxygen into coal-made gas furnace, carries out process and obtains coal gas; Process acquisition is carried out to coal gas and includes CO, H
2reducing gas.
Then, step 140 is introduced;
By obtaining gas maked coal to the iron ore concentrate direct-reduction carrying out pelletizing or briquetting.Described by obtain gas maked coal to the iron ore concentrate direct-reduction carrying out pelletizing or briquetting comprise by gas maked coal heat after send into shaft furnace; By qualified green-ball through vertical furnace top distributor, be distributed into double-deck umbrella shape Drying Bed dry, by reducing gas, preheating, roasting, soaking and cooling carried out to the qualified green-ball falling into annular roasting chamber, be discharged on ring-shaped platform through discharge gate and cool; Enter after the finished ball nodulizing cooling obtained after reduction in the automatic discharge car run around vertical cylindrical furnace, through underground funnel, enter chain mat machine to deliver to heat and to shake sieve, shake after sieve screens out powder through heat, enter finished ball storehouse, have bad luck the storage of finished product stockyard with shovel loader, the powder under heat shakes sieve sieve, transport to stock ground storage with automobile, concentrate the outer electric furnace shop that is transported to use; Unload to conveyor after stove endoparticle dust focuses on furnace bottom ash bucket, be delivered on chain mat machine; What shaft furnace produced contains dust flue gas, and through electric precipitator dedusting, qualified discharge, the dust that electric precipitator is collected, after adding water, transports concentrate stock ground to automobile and carry out recycle.
Afterwards, step 150 is introduced;
Electrosmelting is carried out to the iron ore concentrate of reduction.The described iron ore concentrate to reduction carries out electrosmelting and comprises the iron ore concentrate after by reduction and add in electric furnace and carry out melting; By the computer of the feed proportioning system of electric furnace, batching is controlled, different furnace charge is controlled with addition of order and heating sequence, bonded hard ferrite magnet is controlled automatically, induction furnace melting batch power transmission is controlled, the spheroidizing of induction furnace iron liquid is controlled, the thawing of direct-reduced iron, insulation and composition adjustment have been controlled to hot metal composition.
Finally, step 170 is introduced;
/ precision work is heat-treated to the iron ore concentrate after casting, obtains described high-abrasive material.Described to the iron ore concentrate after casting heat-treat/precision work comprises the bainite required for being obtained by thermal treatment process and martensite and austenitic weave construction.
Embodiment two
Introduce the embodiment of the present invention in order to clearer, introduced from the using method of the embodiment of the present invention below.
(1). obtain the iron ore concentrate of high-phosphor oolitic hematite.
This step can adopt the closed circuit flow process of calcining magnetic separation-anion reverse floatation, and the parameter of the iron ore concentrate of acquisition is: iron ore concentrate productive rate 58.74%, grade TFe60.17%, P 0.24%, the rate of recovery 81.99%, and its iron, phosphorus grade and the rate of recovery are all more satisfactory.
Also through preliminary ore dressing process, can obtain the raw ore of about Tfe50%, the raw ore of about Tfe50% as reduction raw material, for the reduction of phosphoric pig iron, can obtain the iron ore concentrate of high-phosphor oolitic hematite.
(2). pelletizing or briquetting are carried out to the iron ore concentrate obtained.
By measuring the performance of the iron ore concentrate in the west place in Hubei ore deposit obtained; The gangue content in west place in Hubei ore deposit is higher, and Iron grade is lower.Even if west place in Hubei fine ore, its SiO
2content also up to 9.16%, this to pelletizing so that roasting quite unfavorable.Obtain wilkinite, performance measurement is carried out to the wilkinite obtained; Bentonitic expansion multiple is 5.8mL/g, and adhesive property is better, iron ore concentrate and wilkinite are carried out batching also in join carbon; Control the bentonitic amount of allocating into; Batching will be carried out and in join carbon iron ore concentrate and wilkinite and to add water mixing, control amount of water; Wilkinite add-on is at 1-2%, and moisture control is in the scope of 1-2%.
Pelletizing test is carried out to west place in Hubei concentrate, along with the increase of west place in Hubei concentrate proportioning, west place in Hubei ore deposit pellet strength constantly declines, show that west place in Hubei ore deposit is comparatively large on pellet strength impact, the result of pelletizing test shows, the pattern in west place in Hubei ore deposit self is unfavorable for pelletizing process, the best pelletizing moisture content in west place in Hubei ore deposit is about 10%, though wilkinite is improved pellet strength, amplitude is little, is still decided to be 1%.It is little that use is improved to bulk strength in mixed ore deposit.Significantly to improve pellet strength to need to set about from sinter process.West place in Hubei ore deposit belongs to rhombohedral iron ore, and occur violent crystal conversion at 1350 DEG C, 1250 DEG C just occur exothermic peak, and therefore west place in Hubei ore deposit pelletizing needs higher maturing temperature or longer roasting time.
Find in the test carrying out pelletizing, no matter how the iron ore concentrate proportioning of roasting changes, pellet strength always improves along with the rising of maturing temperature or the prolongation of roasting time, it should be noted the pellet strength change of simple ore kind especially, the rising of pellet strength along with temperature of west place in Hubei fine ore and the prolongation of time, there is qualitative leap in pellet strength, intensity reaches 4262.6N/, west place in Hubei ore deposit is responsive to maturing temperature, high temperature its consolidation more favourable.For west place in Hubei ore deposit, to need more than 1250 DEG C roasting 10 minutes, just can obtain qualified pelletizing.
Iron ore concentrate after mixing and wilkinite profit mill are carried out pelletizing or pressure ball, and the iron ore concentrate obtain briquetting and wilkinite carry out pressure ball; Iron ore concentrate after pelletizing or pressure ball and wilkinite are sieved, obtains qualified green-ball; The iron ore concentrate of qualified green-ball and wilkinite are measured dropping strength.
(3). obtain gas maked coal.
In order to reduce the cost, gas maked coal generally can adopt mine coal dust as gas raw material processed, and west place in Hubei coal is rich in [S], and impurity is many, needs to pay much attention to removing of [S] in coal gas, otherwise be difficult to obtain qualified reduced iron in gas maked coal process.
Coal dust and oxygen are sent into coal-made gas furnace, carries out process and obtain coal gas; Process acquisition is carried out to coal gas and includes CO, H
2reducing gas, by containing CO, H
2reducing gas [S] that west place in Hubei coal is rich in is removed.
(4). by obtaining gas maked coal to the iron ore concentrate direct-reduction carrying out pelletizing or briquetting.
Gas maked coal technique is adopted to manufacture the reduction of reducing gas for west place in Hubei pellet, to produce direct-reduced iron, for electric furnace reduction.
Reduction industrial application can be realized at present and be equipped with fluidized bed, shaft furnace, rotary kiln, rotary hearth furnace etc.Gasification shaft furnace production direct-reduced iron (DRI), without coking coal, is better than blast furnace without Sweet natural gas, environmental protection index, has outstanding behaviours especially in the recycle of CO and reduction of discharging are put.
For the device of a set of annual output 200000 tons of reduced irons.The technical process of " charging → batching → oven dry → pelletizing → screening → shaft roasting → finished ball conveying → screening → store → outward transport " can be adopted.
Fine grinding qualified concentrate containing powder is transported to Iron concentrate storehouse by rubber conveyer, delivers to ingredients belt through disk feeder.Wilkinite, by manually pouring wilkinite storehouse into, delivers to ingredients belt through frequency conversion rigid impeller feeding machine and worm conveyor.The Iron concentrate prepared, wilkinite, coal dust deliver to cylindrical drier through ingredients belt to be dried, mixes, and controls mixture moisture for being less than 7%.Compound is sent to balling disc through conveyor, makes green-ball, delivers to green-ball roller type sieving machine through conveyor, and on sieve, the qualified green-ball of φ 8 ~ φ 18mm delivers to shaft furnace roof material distributing, roasting through conveyor.Be less than after φ 8mm and the defective green-ball that is greater than φ l8mm screen out fragmentation, return to pelletizing storehouse through conveyor, pelletizing utilizes again.
Be equipped with reduction Pulverized Coal Bin, join carbon coal dust for loading, pulverized coal consumption general control is at 1-5% simultaneously.
Reduction Pulverized Coal Bin produces gas maked coal, sends into shaft furnace after being heated by gas maked coal; By the qualified green-ball of φ 8 ~ φ 18mm through vertical furnace top distributor, be distributed into double-deck umbrella shape Drying Bed dry, by reducing gas, preheating, roasting, soaking and cooling carried out to the qualified green-ball falling into annular roasting chamber, be discharged on ring-shaped platform through discharge gate and cool; Iron, phosphorus are restored together, the phosphorus in the pig iron need not be deviate from, saved cost, enter in the automatic discharge car run around vertical cylindrical furnace after the finished ball nodulizing cooling obtained after reduction, through underground funnel, enter chain mat machine to deliver to heat and to shake sieve, shake after sieve screens out powder through heat, enter finished ball storehouse, the storage of finished product stockyard is had bad luck with shovel loader, powder under heat shakes sieve sieve, transports to stock ground storage with automobile, concentrates the outer electric furnace shop that is transported to use; Unload to conveyor after stove endoparticle dust focuses on furnace bottom ash bucket, be delivered on chain mat machine; What shaft furnace produced contains dust flue gas, and through electric precipitator dedusting, qualified discharge, the dust that electric precipitator is collected, after adding water, transports concentrate stock ground to automobile and carry out recycle.
(5). electrosmelting is carried out to the iron ore concentrate of reduction.
Medium-frequency induction furnace became the main flow equipment in Castiron Melting in recent years.Newly-built heavy iron foundry (shop) all have employed Large Copacity medium-frequency induction furnace smelting technique.Certainly for the production of extra-heavy type ironcasting, can consider that 2 electric furnaces are produced to water with the multiple pouring ladle of satisfied employing simultaneously simultaneously and outpour iron liquid measure needed for 1 monomer foundry goods.
When carrying out electrosmelting, preferred Large Copacity medium-frequency induction furnace completes the thawing of direct-reduced iron, insulation and composition adjustment, and Large Copacity medium-frequency induction furnace possesses efficiently, the effect of energy-saving and environmental protection.
Electric furnace configures: high-power quick melting furnace and Large Copacity middle low power holding furnace (possessing certain intensification ability).In smelting furnace, direct-reduced iron rapid melting is overheated, can non-uniform components.In holding furnace, iron liquid low-temperature insulation leaves standstill, and can reduce iron liquid chilling tendency degree.
Advise for annual output 200000 tons of abrading-balls, brake flange, massive casting massive casting factory, 2 cover, 40 tons of electric furnaces can be equipped with and melt, 2 cover 80 tons of electric furnaces is incubated.
Batching, fusing, composition adjustment, insulation, cast, environmental protection, quality test etc. for Large Electric Furnace fully should adopt Computer Control Technology, accurately to control, reduce error.
Iron ore concentrate after reduction is added in electric furnace and carries out melting; By the computer of the feed proportioning system of electric furnace, batching is controlled, different furnace charge is controlled with addition of order and heating sequence, bonded hard ferrite magnet is controlled automatically, induction furnace melting batch power transmission is controlled, the spheroidizing of induction furnace iron liquid is controlled, the thawing of direct-reduced iron, insulation and composition adjustment have been controlled to hot metal composition.
For the technique adopting medium-frequency induction furnace to carry out melting, need to show great attention to medium-frequency induction furnace melting technology feature, pay close attention to the computer control of feed proportioning system; Different furnace charge is with addition of order and heating sequence research; Bonded hard ferrite magnet automatic control system; Induction furnace melting batch power transmission principle; The spheroidizing research (main research reduces molten iron S content) of induction furnace iron liquid; The research of hot metal composition (C, Si, Mn, S, P, O etc.) control techniques; The alloying process research of variant production.
(6). the iron ore concentrate after electrosmelting is cast.
Grounding ball casting.Abrading-ball can be divided into: Gao Ge (molybdenum copper, vanadium titanium) many alloys spoken parts in traditional operas cast ball; Manganese many alloys spoken parts in traditional operas cast ball in middle chromium, middle chromium; Low chromium (molybdenum copper, vanadium titanium) many alloys spoken parts in traditional operas cast ball; Bainite or horse, shellfish compound phase organize nodular cast iron balls; The forging of bainite air cooling, steel rolling ball; High carbon steel, medium and high carbon steel and other various medium high carbon low ductile alloy; After forging rolling, immediate quenching adds low temperature isothermal tempering steel ball; Other kind wear resisting steel, iron balls.This kind of cast iron is higher for P content requirement, in product, P content requirement is less than 0.1%, wear-resistant ball is manufactured by the steel alloy system studying applicable high-phosphorous reduced iron resources characteristic, the phosphorus in the pig iron need not be deviate from, save cost, changing microtexture by adding suitable modifying element (as vanadium, titanium system, rare earth, manganese, boron etc.) in reduced iron, eliminating binary iron phosphide eutectic to the harm of cast article.Grounding ball casting comprises the content of three aspects, i.e. molding and core making technique; Cast iron melting technology; Casting finish technology.Molding and core making technique processes according to products characteristics.Furan resin self curing sand technique can be selected for massive casting; Foundry goods after knockout, is transported to scalping bay and removes dead head, impeller blasting, soldering, polishing, finishing, timeliness, be transported to casting finished products storehouse after brushing primer; Feed-through type movable chassis abrator can be selected, can production requirement be met, foundry goods transhipment number of times can be reduced again, reduce production cost.Most of iron casting timeliness adopts advanced As cast Ductile Iron, shortens production cycle, energy efficient, reduces thermal treatment to the pollution of environment.
Brake flange is cast.Brake system of car replaces old-fashioned drum brake by disc type at present substantially.The friction pair that brake flange and brake lining blocks form is the main body in disc type brake.To its have security, brake ride comfort, work-ing life three aspect requirement.Breaking system will ensure the reliability of frequently braking; When lower abrupt slope, brake continuously be eliminated and cause the overheated harm brought; When scram, ensure braking time and stopping distance the shortest.Ensureing under the prerequisite that safety is smooth-going with brake, requiring that braking is secondary has longer life-span brake to be exactly kinetic energy is become heat energy instantaneously and is absorbed consumption.Braking automobile power can reach the 5-7 of service rating doubly, will consume so large kinetic energy at short notice with radiating mode.Obviously the life-span of friction pair can be shortened.On every brake flange, be all equipped with the steel seal of face safe thickness of stopping.Safe thickness is exactly the work-ing life of brake flange.Communicate because graphite is staggered, be beneficial to heat radiation especially, so cast iron brake flange has the higher life-span.By to brake flange performance analysis, according to the feature of different brake flange, study different production technique, complete processing; Research brake flange failure mode is to the requirement of product processing technique; Research improves the technological approaches of hypoeutectic cast iron brake flange material; The microtexture inoculation mode of research brake flange; Research teeming temperature and overheated time are on the impact of brake flange quality; The production tricks of the trade of research high-carbon dish; The alloying technology feature etc. of research brake flange realizes utilizing high phosphorus ore reduced iron to produce the target of suitable brake flange.Brake flange requires P content < 0.15%, and high-phosphorous reduced iron just can meet the Composition Control requirement of P element, need not deviate from the phosphorus in the pig iron, has saved cost.Brake flange is produced no problem with west place in Hubei high-phosphorous reduced iron.
Massive casting.Solid containing higher chromium in rich chromium cast iron, therefore it has higher hardness and less hardness gradient, high wear resistance, high temper resistance and erosion resistance.Broken iron ore on the hammer mill that this kind of cast iron may be used for jaw crusher, sintering plant, uses and shows that this kind of cast iron is for breaking ores, and work-ing life is three times of high mangaenese steel; This kind of cast iron also can use as the abrading-ball of grinding machine in mine, liner plate simultaneously, and market capacity is huge; Ore slurry pump is one of visual plant of dressing-works transfer ore pulp, impeller housing serious wear, work-ing life general 800--2000 hour, individual other only has 175--250 hour.Because the life-span is short, have a strong impact on production, the wear form of ore slurry pump is the erosion abrasive wear under a kind of extremely complicated low-stress state, and require the HRC of material to be greater than 60, roll and be greater than 4J/em, have resistance to corrosion concurrently, rich chromium cast iron is very suitable for this kind of operating mode.For the high chromium spheroidal graphite cast iron using west place in Hubei high-phosphorous reduced iron as raw material, by determining the chemical composition be suitable for, 1. the Cr/C ratio be suitable for is determined, when research shows that Cr/C ratio is 6 ~ 9, in high-Cr grinding balls, crack initiation and propagation speed slows down, shock resistance peel-ability improves, and for high ferrophosphorus, needs research to be applicable to the suitable Cr/C ratio of this raw material.2.. Metamorphism treatment and crystal grain thinning research.The mode improving carbon in cast iron compound form, raising carbide nucleation rate and crystal grain thinning by adding alterant improves comprehensive mechanical property and the wear resistance of material.Conventional alterant can be divided into 3 types, i.e. rare earth, low melting point metal and carbide (comprising Mg, Al, P, Zn, K, Na, B, V, Ti etc.), high-phosphor oolitic hematite itself is rich in P, the phosphorus in the pig iron need not be deviate from, save cost, rare earth effectively can improve the quality of cast iron, makes full use of the feature of high-phosphor oolitic hematite on the one hand, reduces costs on the other hand.
(7) ./precision work is heat-treated to the iron ore concentrate after casting, obtains described high-abrasive material.
Bainite required for being obtained by thermal treatment process and martensite and austenitic weave construction.
Cast steel and cast-iron grinding ball research improve the performance of cast ball mainly through alloying and thermal treatment, namely change cast ball tissue by alloying and thermal treatment, thus improve cast ball wear resistance.
Reasonable employing microalloying method and interrupt normalizing heat treatment technics can develop the cast-steel grinding ball of higher than forged steel abrading-ball more than 3 times in work-ing life.Utilize alloying and thermal treatment to obtain bainite and martensite complex tissue, thus obtain high-performance.
Quench and temper technique is generally adopted to heat-treat for cast-iron grinding ball.Generally along with the raising of quenching temperature, the hardness of steel ball increases, but high rigidity declines on the contrary excessively; Quenching temperature and the mechanical property of tempering temperature on abrading-ball have different impacts, and for the abrading-ball that composition is different, quenching and tempering temperature exists a best of breed.
The metallographic structure of high-performance cast ball is substantially all bainite and martensite and a small amount of austenite, bainite required for being obtained by thermal treatment process and martensite and austenitic weave construction, namely optimum treatment process is exactly the optimum proportioning in order to obtain these three kinds tissues.
(8). finished product.
Product can obtain qualified product through process such as necessary surface finish, polishing etc.
In sum, a kind of method utilizing high-phosphor oolitic hematite to produce high-abrasive material that the embodiment of the present invention provides has following technique effect.
The method utilizing high-phosphor oolitic hematite to produce high-abrasive material provided by the invention first obtains the iron ore concentrate of high-phosphor oolitic hematite, pelletizing/briquetting is carried out to the iron ore concentrate obtained, then gas maked coal is obtained, by obtaining gas maked coal to the iron ore concentrate direct-reduction carrying out pelletizing/briquetting, iron, phosphorus are restored together, the phosphorus in the pig iron need not be deviate from, electrosmelting is carried out to the iron ore concentrate of reduction, iron ore concentrate after electrosmelting is cast, / precision work is heat-treated to the iron ore concentrate after casting, high-abrasive material needed for acquisition, has saved cost.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although with reference to example to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify to technical scheme of the present invention or equivalent replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of right of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. utilize high-phosphor oolitic hematite to produce a method for high-abrasive material, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Obtain the iron ore concentrate of high-phosphor oolitic hematite;
Pelletizing or briquetting are carried out to the iron ore concentrate obtained;
Obtain gas maked coal;
By obtaining gas maked coal to the iron ore concentrate direct-reduction carrying out pelletizing or briquetting;
Electrosmelting is carried out to the iron ore concentrate of reduction;
Iron ore concentrate after electrosmelting is cast;
/ precision work is heat-treated to the iron ore concentrate after casting, obtains described high-abrasive material.
2. the method for production high-abrasive material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described iron ore concentrate to obtaining carries out pelletizing or briquetting comprises:
Measure the performance of the iron ore concentrate obtained;
Obtain wilkinite, performance measurement is carried out to the wilkinite obtained;
Iron ore concentrate and wilkinite are carried out batching and in join carbon, control the bentonitic amount of allocating into;
To carry out preparing burden and in join the iron ore concentrate of carbon and wilkinite and to add water mixing, control amount of water;
Iron ore concentrate after mixing and wilkinite profit mill are carried out pelletizing or briquetting, and the iron ore concentrate obtain briquetting and wilkinite carry out pressure ball;
Iron ore concentrate after pelletizing or pressure ball and wilkinite are sieved, obtains qualified green-ball;
The iron ore concentrate of qualified green-ball and wilkinite are measured dropping strength.
3. the method for production high-abrasive material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described acquisition gas maked coal comprises:
Coal dust and oxygen are sent into coal-made gas furnace, carries out process and obtain coal gas;
Process acquisition is carried out to coal gas and includes CO, H
2reducing gas.
4. the method for production high-abrasive material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described acquisition gas maked coal that passes through comprises the iron ore concentrate direct-reduction carrying out pelletizing or briquetting:
Shaft furnace is sent into after being heated by gas maked coal;
By qualified green-ball through vertical furnace top distributor, be distributed into double-deck umbrella shape Drying Bed dry, by reducing gas, preheating, roasting, soaking and cooling carried out to the qualified green-ball falling into annular roasting chamber, be discharged on ring-shaped platform through discharge gate and cool;
Enter after the finished ball nodulizing cooling obtained after reduction in the automatic discharge car run around vertical cylindrical furnace, through underground funnel, enter chain mat machine to deliver to heat and to shake sieve, shake after sieve screens out powder through heat, enter finished ball storehouse, have bad luck the storage of finished product stockyard with shovel loader, the powder under heat shakes sieve sieve, transport to stock ground storage with automobile, concentrate the outer electric furnace shop that is transported to use;
Unload to conveyor after shaft furnace endoparticle dust focuses on furnace bottom ash bucket, be delivered on chain mat machine; What shaft furnace produced contains dust flue gas, and through electric precipitator dedusting, qualified discharge, the dust that electric precipitator is collected, after adding water, transports concentrate stock ground to automobile and carry out recycle.
5. the method for production high-abrasive material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described iron ore concentrate to reduction carries out electrosmelting and comprises:
Iron ore concentrate after reduction is added in electric furnace and carries out melting;
By the computer of the feed proportioning system of electric furnace, batching is controlled, different furnace charge is controlled with addition of order and heating sequence, bonded hard ferrite magnet is controlled automatically, induction furnace melting batch power transmission is controlled, the spheroidizing of induction furnace iron liquid is controlled, the thawing of direct-reduced iron, insulation and composition adjustment have been controlled to hot metal composition.
6. the method for production high-abrasive material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described to casting after iron ore concentrate heat-treat/precision work, obtain described high-abrasive material and comprise:
Bainite required for being obtained by thermal treatment process and martensite and austenitic weave construction.
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| CN110787724A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-02-14 | 四川致远锂业有限公司 | Fine lithium ore granulation process and granulator |
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Effective date of registration: 20181115 Address after: 430083 No. 107 Construction Sixth Road, Qingshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Wugang Resources Group Co., Ltd. Address before: No. 999 Friendship Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province Patentee before: Wuhan Iron & Steel (Group) Corp. |