Multi-frequency array antenna
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mobile communication antenna technology, more particularly to a kind of multi-frequency array antenna.
Background technology
With the progressively acceleration of forth generation mobile communications network construction, each operator is sought for can be backward compatible
2G and 3G such as GSM800, GSM900, DCS1800, PCS, CDMA1800, CDMA2000 standards and can upward-compatible LTE700,
The ultra-wideband antenna of the 4G standards such as LTE2600.And since many difficulties operator more active demand when addressing is built a station is a small
The antenna for base station of radiating aperture multiband ultra wide band builds a station cost and improves aerial radiation mouth face utilization ratio to reduce.The present invention
Based on this, provide a kind of ultra wideband multi-band array antenna of small size, the antenna and according to Principle of Antenna design
Other antennas can realize the Miniaturization Design of three frequencies, four frequencies, even six frequency antennas in minimum sectional dimension, have extremely wide
Wealthy application prospect.
One of prior art:Kathrein-Werke KG companies disclose a kind of miniature antenna design of nesting method
Method (US2006/00114168A1), but this method under three and the above independent electrical frequency modulation section use situation size without
Method further reduces.The two of the prior art:Publication No. disclosed in Huawei Company is to be given in CN103050788A patents separately
A kind of mentality of designing, by the way that high frequency antenna is placed in low frequency radiation armlet, achievees the purpose that to reduce integrated antenna size, but its
High frequency radiation characteristic is limited by the low frequency radiation arm being centered around around high frequency radiating element, it is difficult to accomplish optimal.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide the array antenna that a kind of multiband shares.
To reach above technical purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of multi-frequency array antenna, including metallic reflection plate and be arranged on low by least two in the metallic reflection plate
The low frequency radiation array of radio-frequency radiation unit composition and the high frequency radiation array being made of at least one high frequency radiating element, wherein,
An axis parallel with the longitudinally of the metallic reflection plate is defined, at least one low frequency radiation array is along the axis
Line direction is arranged;The low frequency radiating element includes at least one radiation arm, and the high frequency radiating element is arranged on the low frequency
Between the top of the radiation arm of radiating element and/or two low frequency radiating elements.
On spacing:The spacing of two adjacent low frequency radiating elements corresponds to ripple for low frequency operation frequency range center frequency point
Long 0.82~0.95 times;The spacing of two adjacent high frequency radiating elements corresponds to ripple for high-frequency work frequency range center frequency point
Long 0.7~0.85 times.
Arranged direction on high frequency radiation array:Through the axis definition of the central point of the low frequency radiating element
For first axle;It is defined as being superimposed for the position that the high frequency radiating element stacks in the radiation arm of the low frequency radiating element
Locate, the first axle both sides are arranged at the superposition, through multiple institutes at the superposition of described first axle the same side
State axis and be defined as second axis and/or the 3rd axis;The high frequency radiation array is along the second axis and/or the 3rd axis
Arrangement;Belong to multiple high frequency radiating elements of same high frequency radiation array along the second axis or the 3rd axis direction cloth
Put.
Superposition on low frequency radiating element and high frequency radiating element is set:There are the low frequency radiation list of overlaying relation
Insulator is equipped between the radiation arm and high frequency radiating element of member.
Structure on low frequency radiating element:The low frequency radiating element includes four ± 45 ° of orthogonal, centrosymmetric spokes
Penetrate arm.
Further, the radiation arm is hollow out body.The high frequency radiating element is arranged on the low frequency radiating element
The top of the hollow out position of radiation arm.
Further, the height of the low frequency radiating element is no more than the corresponding wavelength of array antenna low frequency frequency point
1/8。
Structure on high frequency radiating element:The high frequency radiating element includes high frequency radiation body and is enclosed in the high frequency
Reflector outside radiator, the reflector upper end opening, lower end covers or is connected with the insulator.
The high frequency radiation body includes high frequency radiation arm and plays the balun of support and feed to the high frequency radiation arm,
The high frequency radiating element is fixed on the balun on the radiation arm of the low frequency radiating element.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) high frequency radiating element is superimposed upon on the radiation arm of low frequency radiating element, the array antenna can be effectively reduced
Lateral dimension, and the radiation characteristic of the array antenna is not influenced;
(2) engraved structure is set in the radiation arm of low frequency radiating element, high frequency radiating element is overlayed into the engraved structure
Top, and be isolated with insulator, influencing each other between low frequency radiation array and high frequency radiation array can be reduced;
(3) reflector is set in vitro in the high frequency radiation of high frequency radiating element, which forms high frequency radiating element
Border is radiated, the interference between high frequency radiation array and low frequency radiation array not only can be further reduced, be also convenient for high frequency spoke
Unit is penetrated to be fed;
(4) other a plurality of axis of the first axle formed based on low frequency radiation array, as high frequency radiation array
Arrange baseline, make the radiating curtain that multiple frequency ranges can be set on the array antenna, realize broadband, the multiband of the array antenna
Communication.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overlooking structure figure of multi-frequency array antenna first embodiment of the present invention, wherein, which includes one
Low frequency radiation array and two high frequency radiation arrays.
Fig. 2 is the overlooking structure figure of multi-frequency array antenna second embodiment of the present invention, wherein, which includes one
Low frequency radiation array and a high frequency radiation array.
Fig. 3 is the overlooking structure figure of multi-frequency array antenna 3rd embodiment of the present invention, wherein, positioned at two low frequency radiation lists
High frequency radiating element between member deviates first axle arrangement.
Fig. 4 is the lateral plan of multi-frequency array antenna of the present invention, shows the height on low frequency radiating element radiation arm
The setting of radio-frequency radiation unit, and the setting of the high frequency radiating element between two low frequency radiating elements.
Fig. 5 is the lateral plan of multi-frequency array antenna of the present invention, shows the height on low frequency radiating element radiation arm
The high frequency radiation body surface of the structure of radio-frequency radiation unit, wherein dotted line shows that the high frequency radiation body is surrounded by reflector.
Fig. 6 is the overlooking structure figure of the low frequency radiating element of multi-frequency array antenna of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment one
Low frequency radiation array and arrangement of the high frequency radiation array in metallic reflection plate
~3 are please referred to Fig.1, the array antenna includes metallic reflection plate 1, and in the metallic reflection plate 1
Low frequency radiation array 2 and high frequency radiation array 3 and 4.The low frequency radiation array 2 includes at least one low frequency radiating element 21;
The high frequency radiation array 3 and 4 includes at least one high frequency radiating element respectively.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the metallic reflection plate 1 is usually arranged as indulging to adapt to the practical application of mobile communication antenna
Long rectangle, several described low frequency radiating elements 21 are arranged along the longitudinally of the metallic reflection plate 1, thus define first axle
Line (not shown):Central point parallel with 1 longitudinally of metallic reflection plate, through low frequency radiating element several described 21
Axis.With reference to figure 6, the low frequency radiating element 21 is equipped with four radiation arms 211, wherein each radiation arm 211 is equipped with
212 at the superposition being placed on it for a high frequency radiating element;Four on one low frequency radiating element are described folded
Place 212 is added to be distributed in the first axle both sides, i.e., described first axle is not passed through 212 at any superposition.Preferably, exist
212 are arranged on same straight line at the superposition for belonging to multiple low frequency radiating elements of described first axle the same side
On, thus define second axis or the 3rd axis (not shown):Through multiple superpositions in described first axle the same side
The axis at place 212.The second axis and the 3rd axis are parallel with the first axle.Two adjacent low frequency radiation lists
The spacing of member is 0.82~0.95 times of low frequency operation frequency range center frequency point corresponding wavelength.
With reference to figure 1~4, the high frequency radiation array 3 is similar with setting with 4 composition, is with the high frequency radiation array 3
, include two kinds of high frequency radiating elements in the high frequency radiation array 3:One kind is overlayed at the low frequency radiating element superposition
212 high frequency radiating element 3A;Another kind is provided in the high frequency radiating element between two adjacent low frequency radiating elements 21
3B, the high frequency radiating element 3B are arranged in the metallic reflection plate 1, with the 21 coplanar setting of low frequency radiating element.Such as
Shown in Fig. 1, when which includes high frequency radiation array 3 and 4, the high frequency radiation array 3 and 4 is respectively along described
Two axis and the 3rd axis arrangement;If as shown in Fig. 2, the array antenna only includes a high frequency radiation array (high frequency radiation battle array
Row 3 or 4), then the high frequency radiation array is alternatively arranged in the second axis or the 3rd axis.Two adjacent described
The spacing of high frequency radiating element is 0.7~0.85 times of high-frequency work frequency range center frequency point corresponding wavelength.
In addition, as shown in figure 3, according to the design needs of mobile communication antenna, the high frequency radiating element 3B or 4B can be with
It is described to deviate the high frequency radiating element 3B or 4B set in the second axis being positioned away from where it or the position of the 3rd axis
It can set close to the first axle, be set away from the first axle.
Foregoing low frequency radiation array 2 and 3 and 4 arrangement in metallic reflection plate 1 of high frequency radiation array is effective
Reduce antenna cross sectional dimensions at the same time, can also reduce signal interference between the two, those skilled in the art are it is to be understood that control
Low frequency radiating element and high frequency radiating element arrangement can flexibly change according to Principle of Antenna, and implementation can have
It is a variety of, however it is not limited to foregoing structure.
Embodiment two
The structure of low frequency radiating element and high frequency radiating element
By taking high frequency radiating element 3A and 3B as an example, the structure of the high frequency radiating element is described in detail.
With reference to figure 4 and Fig. 5, the structure of the high frequency radiating element 3A and 3B is identical:Including high frequency radiation body 31, reflector
32 and dielectric layer 33.The high frequency radiation body 31 realizes the transmission and/or reception of high frequency radiation signal;The reflector 32 surrounds
In 31 surrounding of high frequency radiation body, the radiation border of the high frequency radiation body 31, and the shape around the high frequency radiation body 31 are formed
Into reflection cavity, to control the transmission of high frequency radiation signal and/or receive direction, in the present embodiment, 32 upper end of reflector
Opening, lower end closure, and the bore of the upper end of reflector 32 is more than the bore of its lower end;The array with reference to shown in Fig. 5
The side view of antenna, and the top view of the array antenna of Fig. 1~3, it is known that the reflector 32 is inverted trapezoidal platform structure.Please
Referring again to Fig. 1~3 and Fig. 5, in order to improve the high frequency radiation performance of the high frequency radiating element 3A and 3B and circuit performance,
High frequency radiating element 3A and 3B further includes the dielectric layer 33 for the frame-like being arranged on above 32 upper end-face edge of reflector, institute
Stating dielectric layer 33 has certain thickness, is supported on plastic stent 34 above the upper end-face edge of the reflector 32, the dielectric layer
33 clearance distances certain with the upper end-face edge holding of reflector 32.
Further, to prevent the high frequency radiating element 3A from being interfered with each other with low frequency radiating element 21 below,
Be equipped with insulating layer 5 between the high frequency radiating element 3A and low frequency radiating element 21, the insulating layer 5 with the reflector 32
End mutually covers or connects.
As the alternate embodiments of the insulating layer 5, the high frequency radiation body 31 (can not marked including high frequency radiation arm
Show) and to the high frequency radiation arm serve support and feed balun (not indicating), the high frequency radiating element 3A is with described
Balun is fixed on the radiation arm of the low frequency radiating element.
The working frequency range of the low frequency radiating element 21 is 698~960MHz, its height is no more than the array antenna low frequency
The 1/8 of the corresponding wavelength of frequency point.The top view of the preferable low frequency radiating element 21 with reference to shown in figure 6, illustrates described
The radiating surface (not indicating) of low frequency radiating element 21, the radiating surface are made of four centrosymmetric radiation arms 211, are specially
Four elementary contours are the radiation arm 211 of rectangle, and the radiation arm 211 is orthogonal with ± 45 °, therefore the radiating surface is also in square
Shape;Further, the outstanding engraved structure for setting rectangle in the outer contour angle of the radiating surface of the rectangle, the engraved structure are
For at the foregoing superposition stacked for the high frequency radiating element 3A 212.As an example, the radiation of the low frequency radiating element 21
Face can be printed on insulation board, 212 as exposed insulation board part, the high frequency radiating element 3A at the superposition
It is directly anchored on aforementioned dielectric plate.The exposed insulation board part realizes the insulation function of the insulating layer 5.
According to design requirement, the low frequency radiating element 21 is radiated by the edge of its radiating surface, at the same time, is folded
The radiation direction for the high frequency radiating element 3A for including the reflector 32 being placed on the low frequency radiating element 21 is subject to described
The constraint of reflector 32, is directed toward assigned direction, therefore the low frequency radiating element 21 and the signal of high frequency radiating element 3A radiation
It does not interfere with each other, it can be achieved that the optimization of the performance of multiband radiation, while reduces the lateral dimension of whole array antenna.
In conclusion small size ultra wideband multi-band section array antenna of the present invention effectively reduces lateral dimension, electric property
Superior, easy for installation, reliability is high.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but is not merely restricted to the described embodiments, other
Any Spirit Essence without departing from the present invention with made under principle change, modification, replacement, combine, simplification, should be equivalent
Substitute mode, is all contained within protection scope of the present invention.