CN104392288B - A kind of primary cut-out component inspection method - Google Patents
A kind of primary cut-out component inspection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104392288B CN104392288B CN201410779487.8A CN201410779487A CN104392288B CN 104392288 B CN104392288 B CN 104392288B CN 201410779487 A CN201410779487 A CN 201410779487A CN 104392288 B CN104392288 B CN 104392288B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010219 correlation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011058 failure modes and effects analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010181 polygamy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of primary cut-out component inspection method.The functional part that breaker is combined using fault modes and effect analysis (FMFA) carries out Module Division to breaker, the Risk Assessment Index System of primary cut-out part is established based on risk assessment, and is that Risk Evaluation Factors assign power using analytic hierarchy process (AHP)；Then the risk quantification value of each fault mode of the Grey Relation Analysis Model of application weighting.Circuit breaker components importance assessment indicator system is established, obtains the importance index of circuit breaker components.According to circuit breaker components importance index and risk quantification value, component failure risk and importance two-dimentional relation model are established, the pressing degree for needing to be repaired using equipment parameter among, finally gives standard repair sequence valve.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to transformer running status evaluation areas, more particularly to a kind of primary cut-out component inspection side
Method.
Background technology
Primary cut-out (or high-voltage switch gear) is be switched on or switched off high-tension circuit in the case of normal or failure special
Electrical equipment.It plays control action in high-tension circuit, is one of the important electric elements in high-tension circuit.It can not only cut off or
No-load current and load current in closed high voltage circuit, and pass through the work of relay protection when system jam
With cut-out overload electric current and short circuit current, it has quite perfect arc extinguishing structure and enough cutout abilities.
The primary structure of primary cut-out is broadly divided into：Water diversion part, arc extinguishing part, insulated part, operating mechanism part.
The main Types of high-voltage switch gear are divided into by arc-extinguishing medium：Oil-break, air-break, vacuum circuit breaker, sulfur hexafluoride open circuit
Device, solid gas generant breaker, magnetic blast breaker etc..Its fault type includes：Seal fails failure；Act failure fault；Absolutely
Edge damage or bad；Failure of arc extinction part contact etc..
Whether the plan of primary cut-out component inspection and maintenance policy formulation are scientific and reasonable, for breaker in the operation phase
Economy and reliability have directly influence.There is maintenance deficiency and overhaul the problem of superfluous in traditional preventative maintenance, high
Voltage breaker overall life cycle cost is costly, it is thus necessary to determine that new repair method runs to effectively improve primary cut-out
Reliability and economy.
The content of the invention
In view of the foregoing, rule of the present invention according to breaker in whole service life cycle, from part risk amount
Change and two aspects of importance index optimize to the Strategies of Maintenance of circuit breaker components；Real time execution based on breaker simultaneously
State, analyzed from component-level, and for multiple Dimensionality optimizations such as economy, reliability and maintenance resources, formulate dynamic
Order policies are overhauled, propose following technical scheme：
A kind of primary cut-out component inspection method, it is comprised the following steps：
Step 1: the building block and function of breaker are combined using fault modes and effect analysis (FMEA), to open circuit
Device is divided, and obtains the chife failure models classification chart of complete primary cut-out part.
Step 2: the risk of primary cut-out part is established using the risk assessment of fault modes and effect analysis (FMEA)
Assessment indicator system, and be that Risk Evaluation Factors assign power using analytic hierarchy process (AHP)；Then the grey correlation analysis mould of application weighting
Type calculates the risk quantification value W of each fault mode.
Step 3: the consideration based on relevance between each factor of primary cut-out Degrees of Importance of Components, to reduce answering for analysis
For the purpose of polygamy, circuit breaker components importance assessment indicator system is established, obtains the importance R of circuit breaker components.
Step 4: according to circuit breaker components importance R and part risk quantification value W, using hundred-mark system standards of grading and wait
The form that the aspect of level evaluation two combines, establishes component failure risk and importance two-dimentional relation model, finally gives standard dimension
The P values of order are repaiied, by the maintenance of P value size complex optimum circuit breaker components sequentially, and each part according to P values to primary cut-out
Overhauled.
Preferably, the division in step 1 to breaker includes：Body insulating unit, operating mechanism unit, SF6 gases are exhausted
It is edge unit, mechanism case and osculating element, base structure unit, energy-storage units, switching-on mechanism unit, brake separating mechanism unit, secondary
Ten cell, mechanical joint transmission unit critical piece compositions.
Preferably, the fault mode of body insulating unit includes at least one in the bad damage with porcelain piece of insulation against ground.
Preferably, the fault mode of operating mechanism unit includes at least one of Breaking capacity deficiency and loop resistance in exceeded
It is individual.
Preferably, SF6The fault mode of gas-insulated unit includes SF6Purity decline, Moisture high UCL, SF6Pressure anomaly drops
Low, SF6It is at least one in pressure anomaly rise.
Preferably, in-house and osculating element former norm formula is not generated heat including anti-condenser, mechanism case is intake, once taken
It is at least one in head loose contact.
Preferably, the fault mode of rack construction unit includes the corrosion of foundation means support, rack earth poor flow, base
It is at least one in frame inclination.
Preferably, the fault mode of energy-storage units is unable to energy storage including energy storage motor.
Preferably, the fault mode of switching-on mechanism unit fails to realize including closing locking function, the same period of closing a floodgate is exceeded, closes
It is at least one during lock speed is exceeded, closing time is exceeded.
Preferably, the fault mode of brake separating mechanism unit is including opening time is exceeded, opening velocity is exceeded, three separating brakes are same
It is at least one during phase is exceeded.
Preferably, the fault mode of secondary component unit damages including secondary component.
Preferably, the fault mode of mechanical joint transmission unit includes to realize in rotation, rotating shaft sealing damage extremely
It is few one.
Preferably, it is serious to include the Failure Characteristic Parameter p of all parts, risk for the risk evaluation system in the step 2
At least one parameter in degree S, risk detectivity D and maintenance cost F.
Preferably, it is serious to include the Failure Characteristic Parameter p of all parts, risk for the risk evaluation system in the step 2
Degree S, risk detectivity D and tetra- parameters of maintenance cost F.
Preferably, risk quantification value W=w is defined1p+w2S+w3D+w4F；Wherein w1, w2, w3, w4Respectively all parts
Failure Characteristic Parameter p, risk order of severity S, risk detectivity D, maintenance cost F weight.
Preferably, circuit breaker components importance assessment indicator system refers to including reliability index, economic index, monitoring property
It is at least one in mark, the aspect of Maintainability index four, grade separation is formulated according to These parameters, is assessed in actually measurement entitled
On the basis of, the influence that trapezoidal fuzzy membership functions reduces uncertain factor in measurement process is introduced into, obtains the weight of circuit breaker components
Spend index R.
Preferably, the reliability index includes influence, failure influence to systemic-function of the failure to personnel and environment
And failure frequency；Economic index includes maintenance cost, the caused loss of failure；Monitoring property index refers to supervising of breaking down
The property surveyed；Maintainability index includes the complexity of idle time caused by failure and maintenance.
Preferably, in the step 4, according to Step 2: the risk quantification value W that is obtained in three and circuit breaker components
Importance index R, primary cut-out system R-W figures are obtained, it is the pressing degree that equipment needs to be repaired to define d, by open circuit
The importance index R and risk quantification value W of device part on R-W figures identified point to X-axis distance,Included angle changes W pairs of determination service sequence of importance index R and risk quantification
Weighing factor；Define the scoring that P represents maintenance of equipment order：
Finally give the P values of standard repair order.
Preferably, the Failure Characteristic Parameter p of breaker all parts includes：Running environment pollution degree, SF6Density, cut-off
Peak value of short, accumulative mechanically actuated number, operation age, switching-on resistance value, SF6Gas content, SF6Humidity, SF6Gas
Leak year leak rate, environment temperature, infrared measurement of temperature, divide-shut brake coil D.C. resistance, galvanic circle resistance, the alternate combined floodgate of breaker
The asynchronous time-parameters of the alternate separating brake of asynchronous time-parameters, breaker, closing speed, opening velocity, SF6Pressure gauge school
Test, between contact relative wear amount, fracture between the insulaion resistance of shunt capacitor, fracture between the capacitance of shunt capacitor, fracture
Dielectric loss, subsidiary loop and the control loop insulaion resistance of shunt capacitor, the operation voltage of making electromagnet, tripping electromagnet
Operation voltage, insulator, porcelain knob, insulator visual examination.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is primary cut-out fault Tree model schematic of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is importance assessment indicator system figure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 schemes for primary cut-out system R-W of the present invention.
Embodiment
Clearly to show the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1 to 3 and exemplary reality
Example, explanation is of the invention in further detail.It should be appreciated that illustrative examples described herein are only to explain the present invention, and
The scope of application of the present invention is not limited.
Embodiment one：
A kind of maintenance order of the Switch equipment based on the present invention based on part risk quantification and importance index determines
Method, specific implementation step are as follows：
Step 1：In view of primary cut-out failure criteria for classifying disunity, the various situation of fault type, using fault mode
The building block and function of breaker are combined with impact analysis (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis, FMEA),
Make following division：Body, operating mechanism, SF6Gas-insulated unit, mechanism case and osculating element, base structure, energy storage list
Ten member, switching-on mechanism, brake separating mechanism, secondary component, mechanical joint transmission critical piece compositions, obtain complete high pressure open circuit
The chife failure models classification chart of device part.
By establishing the corresponding relation between dependent failure characteristic parameter and component failure modes, using based on fuzzy membership
The probability of malfunction rating method of function calculates Failure Characteristic Parameter probability of happening and the weighted value of combination failure pattern and characteristic quantity
Carry out the Failure Characteristic Parameter p of qualitative assessment breaker all parts.Characteristic parameter totally 26, as shown in appendix 1；Fault mode
Corresponding characteristic parameter is with its weight as shown in subordinate list 2.
The circuit breaker components Failure Characteristic Parameter collection of table 1
| Coding | Characteristic parameter | Coding | Characteristic parameter |
| 1 | Running environment pollution degree | 14 | The alternate asynchronous time-parameters that close a floodgate of breaker |
| 2 | SF6 density (under standard state) kg/m3 | 15 | The asynchronous time-parameters of the alternate separating brake of breaker |
| 3 | Cut-off peak value of short | 16 | Closing speed |
| 4 | Accumulative mechanically actuated number | 17 | Opening velocity |
| 5 | Run the age | 18 | SF6Pressure meter calibration |
| 6 | Switching-on resistance value | 19 | Contact relative wear amount |
| 7 | SF6Gas content | 20 | The insulaion resistance of shunt capacitor between fracture |
| 8 | SF6Humidity (20 DEG C of volume fractions) 10-6 | 21 | The capacitance of shunt capacitor between fracture |
| 9 | SF6Gas leakage year leak rate | 22 | The dielectric loss of shunt capacitor between fracture |
| 10 | Environment temperature | 23 | Subsidiary loop and control loop insulaion resistance |
| 11 | Infrared measurement of temperature | 24 | The operation voltage (multiple) of making electromagnet |
| 12 | Divide-shut brake coil D.C. resistance | 25 | The operation voltage of tripping electromagnet |
| 13 | Galvanic circle resistance | 26 | Insulator, porcelain knob, insulator visual examination |
The corresponding relation of the circuit breaker components fault mode of table 2 and characteristic quantity
Step 2：Establishing primary cut-out part using FMFA risk assessment includes fault rate, the serious journey of risk
The Risk Assessment Index System of degree, risk detectivity and maintenance cost, and assigned using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for Risk Evaluation Factors
Power；Then the Grey Relation Analysis Model of application weighting calculates the risk indicator of each fault mode.
Risk order of severity S：According to actual measured results from circuit breaker components failure to the influence degree of power supply reliability,
May caused by damaged condition, failure whether jeopardize human life's safety, welding, stoppage in transit caused by economic loss and corresponding
Rehabilitation expense etc. determine fault severity level score value；Risk detectivity D：The faulty recall rate of its leading indicator,
The taken time length of Percent Isolated, misdiagnosis rate, failure mistake isolation rate, failure resolution ratio, the simplicity of detection method, detection
With detection needed for expense etc.；Maintenance cost F：The expense of maintenance of equipment and because equipment stop transport cause system operation mode change, it is standby
Economic loss caused by even being shut down with putting equipment in service.S, D, F obtain by Quantitative marking standard, as shown in subordinate list 3.
Risk quantification W=w1p+w2S+w3D+w4F；w1, w2, w3, w4For p, S, D, the power that F is obtained by analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
Weight, hundred-mark system is converted into by W value.
Circuit breaker components S, D, F the quantitatively evaluating table of table 3
| The risk order of severity | Risk detectivity | Maintenance cost (% of equipment price) | Quantitatively evaluating score value |
| It is very serious | Return factory | 90-100 | 0.8-1.0 |
| Seriously | Hang cover | 60-90 | 0.6-0.8 |
| Moderate | Comprehensive descision | 40-60 | 0.4-0.6 |
| It is small | Detection | 10-40 | 0.2-0.4 |
| It is negligible | Intuitively | 0-10 | 0-0.2 |
Step 3：Ask for the importance R of circuit breaker components：According to the essential information of part, by reliability, economy, monitoring
Property, the respective index (as shown in Figure 2) of the aspect of maintainability four formulate an appropriate grade separation, and according to actual measurement
Assess it is entitled on the basis of, be introduced into the influence that trapezoidal fuzzy membership functions reduces uncertain factor in measurement process.
Step 4：Primary cut-out system R-W schemes as shown in Figure 3, to finally give the P values of standard repair order, i.e., P values from
Small order is arrived greatly, and included angle changes the weighing factor of W pairs of determination service sequence of importance R and risk quantification.It is by breaking to define d
The importance R and risk quantification W of road device part identified points on R-W figures to the distance of X-axis, represent that equipment needs to be tieed up
The pressing degree repaiied,
Define the scoring that P represents maintenance of equipment order：
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, it is all in the spiritual and former of the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within then etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of primary cut-out component inspection method, it is comprised the following steps：
Step 1: combining the building block and function of breaker using fault modes and effect analysis (FMEA), breaker is entered
Row division, obtains complete primary cut-out unit failure tree-model；It is disconnected in the primary cut-out unit failure tree-model
Road device part includes：Body insulating unit, operating mechanism unit, SF6Gas-insulated unit, mechanism case and osculating element, pedestal
Construction unit, energy-storage units, switching-on mechanism unit, brake separating mechanism unit, secondary component unit, mechanical joint transmission unit；
Step 2: the risk assessment of primary cut-out part is established using the risk assessment of fault modes and effect analysis (FMEA)
Index system, and be that Risk Evaluation Factors assign power using analytic hierarchy process (AHP)；Then the Grey Relation Analysis Model meter of application weighting
Let it pass the risk quantification value W of each fault mode；The risk evaluation system includes the Failure Characteristic Parameter p of all parts, risk
Order of severity S, risk detectivity D and maintenance cost F；
Step 3: the consideration based on relevance between each factor of primary cut-out Degrees of Importance of Components, to reduce the complexity of analysis
For the purpose of, circuit breaker components importance assessment indicator system is established, obtains the importance index R of circuit breaker components；Breaker portion
Part importance assessment indicator system includes reliability index, economic index, monitoring property index, the aspect of Maintainability index four, root
Grade separation is formulated according to These parameters, on the basis of actually measurement assessment is entitled, trapezoidal fuzzy membership functions reduction is introduced and surveys
The influence of uncertain factor during amount, obtain the importance index R of circuit breaker components；
Step 4: according to circuit breaker components importance index R and risk quantification value W, component failure risk and importance are established
Two-dimentional relation model, using the pressing degree that equipment needs are repaired as middle parameter, finally give the P of standard repair order
Value, by P value size complex optimum circuit breaker components maintenance order, and each part of primary cut-out is overhauled according to P values；
According to Step 2: the risk quantification value W and the importance index R of circuit breaker components that are obtained in three, obtain primary cut-out system
R-W schemes, and it is the pressing degree that equipment needs to be repaired to define d, by the importance index R and risk quantification value of circuit breaker components
W on R-W figures identified point to X-axis distance,Included angle changes important
Spend the weighing factor of W pairs of determination service sequence of index R and risk quantification；Define the scoring that P represents maintenance of equipment order：
Finally give the P values of standard repair order.
2. primary cut-out component inspection method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Part event in the step 1
Fault type in barrier tree-model includes：The fault mode of body insulating unit is included in the bad damage with porcelain piece of insulation against ground
It is at least one, and/or operating mechanism unit fault mode include Breaking capacity deficiency and loop resistance it is exceeded at least one
It is individual, and/or SF6The fault mode of gas-insulated unit includes SF6Purity decline, Moisture high UCL, SF6Pressure anomaly reduces, SF6
At least one and/or in-house and osculating element former norm formula in pressure anomaly rise is not generated heat including anti-condenser, machine
Structure case is intake, at least one in a joining seam loose contact, and/or the fault mode of rack construction unit includes foundation means
Support corrosion, rack earth poor flow, pedestal tilt in it is at least one, and/or energy-storage units fault mode include storage
Can motor be unable to energy storage, and/or the fault mode of switching-on mechanism unit fails to realize including closing locking function, the same period of closing a floodgate surpasses
It is mark, at least one during closing speed is exceeded, closing time is exceeded, and/or the fault mode of brake separating mechanism unit includes separating brake
It is at least one during time is exceeded, opening velocity is exceeded, three separating brake same periods are exceeded, and/or the failure mould of secondary component unit
Formula is damaged including secondary component, and/or the fault mode of mechanical joint transmission unit includes that rotation, rotating shaft sealing damage can not be realized
It is at least one in bad.
3. primary cut-out component inspection method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 2, definition
Risk quantification value W=w1p+w2S+w3D+w4F；Wherein w1, w2, w3, w4Respectively the Failure Characteristic Parameter p of all parts, risk are tight
Heavy degree S, risk detectivity D, maintenance cost F weight.
4. the primary cut-out component inspection method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The reliability index includes failure
The influence and failure frequency of influence, failure to systemic-function to personnel and environment；Economic index includes maintenance cost, lost
Lost caused by effect；Monitoring property index refers to the monitoring property to break down；Maintainability index includes idle time caused by failure
With the complexity of maintenance.
5. primary cut-out component inspection method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The failure of breaker all parts
Characteristic parameter p includes：Running environment pollution degree, SF6Density, cut-off peak value of short, accumulative mechanically actuated number, operation year
Age, switching-on resistance value, SF6Gas content, SF6Humidity, SF6Gas leakage year leak rate, environment temperature, infrared measurement of temperature, divide-shut brake
Coil D.C. resistance, galvanic circle resistance, breaker be alternate to close a floodgate asynchronous time-parameters, the alternate separating brake of breaker not same period
Time-parameters, closing speed, opening velocity, SF6Shunt capacitor between pressure meter calibration, contact relative wear amount, fracture
The dielectric loss of shunt capacitor, subsidiary loop and control loop are exhausted between the capacitance of shunt capacitor, fracture between insulaion resistance, fracture
Edge resistance, the operation voltage of making electromagnet, the operation voltage of tripping electromagnet, insulator, porcelain knob, insulator visual examination.
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| CN105956263B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-08-25 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 | Method for optimizing insulating property of 500kV porcelain knob type circuit breaker for alternating current filter |
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| 基于高压断路器的状态检修实施技术的研究;黄凌洁;《水电能源科学》;20071231;第136-139页 * |
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