CN104391074A - Constant volume combustion bomb and liquid fuel combustion performance testing method - Google Patents
Constant volume combustion bomb and liquid fuel combustion performance testing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a constant volume combustion bomb and a liquid fuel combustion performance testing method. The constant volume combustion bomb comprises a combustion bomb, an evaporator, a heating device and a vacuum suction device, a discharge outlet of the evaporator is connected to the combustion bomb by a discharge pipe, and a flow control valve is installed on the discharge pipe. The liquid fuel combustion performance testing method realizes complete vaporization of liquid fuel, accurate calculation of the amount of fuel fed into the constant volume combustion bomb by a partial pressure method, and gas distribution by a high-precision electronic pressure gauge so that an air-fuel ratio of the combustible gas mixture in the constant volume combustion bomb is accurately controlled. The constant volume combustor can be operated conveniently and controlled accurately. The liquid fuel combustion performance testing method fully utilizes the existing equipment and realizes combustion of liquid fuel in the combustion bomb and accurate control of a combustible gas mixture equivalence ratio by reasonable use.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fuel combustion performance test field, relate to a kind of constant volume combustion bomb, be specifically related to a kind of constant volume combustion bomb for liquid fuel combustion performance test; Meanwhile, the invention still further relates to and utilize this constant volume combustion bomb to carry out the method for burning performance test to liquid fuel.
Background technology
In order to economize energy with reduce the discharge of vehicular engine, scholar both domestic and external is devoted to new technology, the exploitation of new model and research, deals with the present situation of increasingly serious energy shortage and strict Abgasgesetz.For the optimal design of engine itself, researchers are the combustion mechanism of research engine after all, fundamentally solve the combustion problem of engine, to improve the dynamic property of engine, economical and emission performance.And to be confined to engine combustion space be airtight, researchers cannot observe combustion process intuitively, for the research of combustion mechanism brings difficulty.
In order to address this problem, constant volume combustion bomb has just been arisen at the historic moment.Constant volume combustion bomb is the closed container for studying premixed combustion, with the burning of simulated engine near top dead center, be characterized in that structure is simple, can change thermodynamic parameter, turbulent parameters and ignition parameter easily, be the important tool to fuel combustion theoretical basis research.By constant volume combustion bomb, the stability, combustion pressure etc. of flame velocity, velocity of propagation, flame combustion can add that subtest equipment obtains, for the research of combustion mechanism provides great convenience.
In recent years, Chinese scholars achieves a series of achievement in research for the progress of constant volume combustion bomb, and research contents comprises the calculating research carrying out the combustion parameters such as methane-air burning speed, turbulent parameters, flame quenching; Have studied isooctane and normal heptane laminar burning velocity under different pressure and temperature conditions and turbulent parameters; Have studied cell instability and the autoacceleration of external diffusion flame; Utilize constant volume combustion bomb to simulate natural gas straight spray, carry out the research of rock gas-hydrogen-air Mixture combustion characteristics; In firebomb, place block, simulation natural gas straight fuel-injection engine combustion-chamber shape, have studied the impact that combustion-chamber shape is sprayed on rock gas.
Can find out, the research in constant volume combustion bomb mainly concentrates on the combustion characteristics of Engine Alternative Fuel and the fundamental research of combustion mechanism, and few for the fundamental research of the main fuel-gasoline of present stage engine and diesel oil.
In recent years, scholar both domestic and external also appreciated this point, and therefore also start the linguistic term of being devoted to carry out constant volume combustion bomb, the burning making constant volume combustion resilience energy carry out gasoline and diesel oil becomes possibility.
Existing scholar have developed premixed combustion heated type constant volume combustion bomb spray burning diagnostic test system, and has carried out the test burn of diesel oil.Be included on firebomb and fuel injector injected petrol is installed, carried out the experimental study of unleaded gasoline benzene discharge in constant volume combustion process; Research gasoline laminar burning velocity at various pressures; Design new kind of constant volume combustion spray simulation apparatus, adopts layering premix, planar laser-induced fluorescence method research diesel spray oil bundle characteristic and oil bundle to hit wall mixed process and measures; The technique study diesel oil installing fuel injector on firebomb is adopted to catch fire and combustion characteristics in ethanol high-temperature hot atmosphere.
Present inventor finds after these researchs comprehensive, and in prior art, at least there are the following problems:
Be to install gasoline additional to the improvement of constant volume combustion bomb or diesel injector carries out premixed combustion again, but consider the estimation problem of constant volume bullet cavity volume, and the late effect of fuel injector open and close, cannot accurately control to hold the air-fuel ratio in bullet.
Summary of the invention
Given this, the object of the invention is the constant volume combustion bomb providing a kind of accurate control combustion mixture equivalent proportion, and the method for accurate test liquid fuel combustion performance, and this method of testing at least can be achieved based on aforementioned constant volume combustion bomb.Liquid fuel is flashed to gas completely, then enters the fuel quantity in constant volume combustion bomb by point platen press accurate Calculation, utilize high-precision electronic tensimeter to realize distribution simultaneously, reach the object accurately controlling combustion mixture air-fuel ratio in constant volume combustion bomb.
For solving above technical matters, technical scheme provided by the invention is, provides a kind of constant volume combustion bomb, comprises firebomb, and firebomb control device is connected with firebomb signal, for controlling fire trial, also comprises:
Evaporator: be a closed container, this evaporator is provided with charging aperture and discharging opening, and be configured with the first temperature sensor for detecting evaporator internal temperature, and for detecting the first pressure test device of evaporator air pressure inside;
Heating arrangement: comprise the first heating control apparatus and the heating arrangement for heating evaporator, aforementioned first temperature sensor is connected with the first heating control apparatus signal;
Vacuum pumping device; For by evaporator, firebomb vacuum pumping;
The discharging opening of described evaporator is connected by discharge nozzle with firebomb, and discharge nozzle pipeline is provided with flowrate control valve;
Described firebomb is configured with the second pressure-detecting device for detecting firebomb air pressure inside.
Further, described discharge nozzle pipeline is wound with heater block, this heater block is electrically connected with the second heating controller, and discharge nozzle is also configured with the second temperature sensor for temperature in this pipeline of monitoring pipe, the second temperature sensor is connected with the second heating controller signal.
Further, described charging aperture is provided with feed pipe, this feed pipe is connected with material feeding piston; Feed pipe pipeline is provided with material inlet valve.
Preferably, described first temperature sensor is electroheat pair.
Preferably, described evaporator is made up of cavity and assembling and locking evaporator cover, and described charging aperture and discharging opening are arranged on assembling and locking evaporator cover, adopts conical surface seal between described assembling and locking evaporator cover and cavity.
Preferably, described second pressure-detecting device is electronic pressure gage.
Preferably, described vacuum pumping device is vacuum pump, and vacuum pump is connected with firebomb.
Present invention also offers a kind of liquid fuel combustion performance test methods comprising above-mentioned constant volume combustion bomb, comprise the following steps:
1) liquid fuel is injected the evaporator of inner vacuum, experimentally require the amount determining injection liquid fluid fuel;
2) heated liquid fuel, is evaporated to gas completely to it;
3) method of intrinsic standoff ratio is adopted to realize the different fuel gas of equivalent proportion of firebomb combustion and the combination gas of air; The fuel gas of predetermined amount is injected the firebomb of inner vacuum, inject the air of respective amount;
4) light a fire, test.
Further, concrete steps are:
A) close material inlet valve and firebomb inlet and outlet valve, open flowrate control valve, make evaporator and firebomb jointly become a confined space;
B) vacuum pumping device is utilized to be vacuum by aforementioned confined space suction;
C) close flowrate control valve, injection liquid fluid fuel in evaporator, close material inlet valve;
D) utilize heating arrangement that evaporator is heated to more than liquid fuel dry point, liquid fuel is all evaporated, maintain fuel gas state;
E) open flowrate control valve, in burner, inject the fuel gas of certain volume, then pass into air to burner internal gas pressure to atmospheric pressure;
F) light a fire, test.
Preferably, described liquid fuel is gasoline, and its burning performance testing procedure is:
A) close material inlet valve and firebomb inlet and outlet valve, open flowrate control valve, make evaporator and firebomb jointly become a confined space;
B) vacuum pumping device is utilized to be vacuum by aforementioned confined space suction;
C) close flowrate control valve, in evaporator, inject gasoline, close material inlet valve;
D) utilize heating arrangement that evaporator is heated to 480K, liquid fuel is all evaporated, maintain fuel gas state;
E) open flowrate control valve, in burner, inject the fuel gas of certain volume according to the equivalent proportion of gasoline combustion, then pass into air to burner internal gas pressure to atmospheric pressure;
F) light a fire, test.
Compared with prior art, a technical scheme tool in technique scheme has the following advantages:
Closed burner of the present invention is easy to operate, controls precisely.The present invention utilizes and makes full use of existing equipment, by rational utilization, achieves combustion of liquid fuel in firebomb and the accurate object controlling combustion mixture equivalent proportion.
Closed burner of the present invention, to demonstrate its reliability by experiment, assorts the accuracy that in process, equivalent proportion controls.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention constant volume combustion bomb.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of evaporator in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schlieren picture of gasoline combustion in three identical experiment in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is gasoline laminar burning velocity contrast table when different equivalent proportion of four kinds of heterogeneities in the embodiment of the present invention.
11 evaporators in figure, 111 assembling and locking evaporator covers, 112 conical surfaces, 113 coupling bolts, 12 feed pipes, 121 pistons, 122 material inlet valves, 13 discharge nozzles, 131 flowrate control valves, 132 second temperature sensors, 133 second heating controllers, 14 first temperature sensors, 15 first pressure test devices, 21 first heating controllers, 22 heat blocks, 3 firebombs, 31 vacuum pumps, 32 second pressure-detecting devices, 33 firebomb control device.
Embodiment
Be described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment.
Embodiment one
See Fig. 1 to Fig. 2.Constant volume combustion bomb described by the present embodiment, is made up of evaporator 11, heating arrangement and firebomb 3.Firebomb control device 33 is connected with firebomb 3 signal, for controlling fire trial.Firebomb 3 is known product, and the firebomb that the present embodiment is selected is Beijing University of Science & Engineering BITEC-RD-QX-350.Firebomb 3 is configured with the second pressure-detecting device 32 for detecting firebomb air pressure inside.Second pressure-detecting device 32 adopts high-precision electronic pressure gage, and the present embodiment provides a kind of model to be the electronic pressure gage of DELTA DPA01M-P-100-100KPa, and its precision is 0.05%FPS.
Evaporator 11 is a closed container, and this evaporator is provided with charging aperture and discharging opening, and is configured with the first temperature sensor 14 for detecting evaporator internal temperature, and for detecting the first pressure test device 15 of evaporator air pressure inside.According to the requirement of evaporator 11 internal temperature, the first temperature sensor 14 is preferably thermopair.First pressure test device 15 uses rain glass, can observe directly the air pressure of evaporator 11 inside.
Evaporator 11 is made up of cavity and assembling and locking evaporator cover 111, and described charging aperture and discharging opening are arranged on assembling and locking evaporator cover 111, adopts conical surface seal between described assembling and locking evaporator cover 111 and cavity.Cavity has a cylindrical cavity, makes with stainless steel, for contain fluid fuel oil, as gasoline.
Assembling and locking evaporator cover 111 lower surface is provided with the conical surface 112, to make cavity and assembling and locking evaporator cover 111 compact siro spinning technology under the effect of link, present embodiment illustrates the situation adopting coupling bolt 113 to connect cavity and assembling and locking evaporator cover 111.
The discharging opening of evaporator 11 is connected by discharge nozzle 13 with firebomb 3, and discharge nozzle 13 pipeline is provided with flowrate control valve 131.Condense in pipeline for preventing fuel gas, discharge nozzle 13 pipeline is wound with heater block, as heating tape, this heater block is electrically connected with the second heating controller 133, the second temperature sensor 132, second temperature sensor 132 discharge nozzle 13 is also configured with for temperature in this pipeline of monitoring pipe is connected with the second heating controller 133 signal.In experimentation, determine whether to heat pipeline according to the temperature conditions in pipeline.
Flowrate control valve 131 is existing product equally, has multiple mass flow controller available in existing product.The effect of flowrate control valve 131 is the air inflow in accurate control combustion bullet.
The charging aperture of evaporator 11 is provided with feed pipe 12, this feed pipe 12 is connected with material feeding piston 121; Feed pipe 12 pipeline is provided with material inlet valve 122.Material inlet valve is connected by cutting ferrule nut seal with feed pipe.
Feed pipe 12 and discharge nozzle 13 all can use stainless-steel tube, and material inlet valve 122 also can adopt stainless valve.Heating arrangement comprises the first heating control apparatus 21 and the heating arrangement 22 for heating evaporator 11, and aforementioned first temperature sensor 14 is connected with the first heating control apparatus 21 signal.First heating control apparatus 21 works for controlling heating arrangement 22, can buy easily and obtain in existing product.Everyly lasting, controlled, stable heating arrangement can be provided all can be used for evaporator 11, such as model is the temperature controller of XMTD-7411.
Vacuum pumping device; For by evaporator 11, firebomb 3 vacuum pumping.Conventional vacuum pumping device is vacuum machine.Constant volume combustion bomb of the present invention can use a vacuum pump, also can use two vacuum pumps.Consider from equipment cost and operability, preferably use a vacuum pump, vacuum pump 32 is connected with firebomb 3.When using two vacuum pumps, one is connected with evaporator, and another is connected with firebomb.
Embodiment two
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 shows the effect using constant volume combustion bomb gasoline combustion performance test experiment described in embodiment 1.
The present embodiment carries out on the basis of constant volume combustion bomb described in embodiment 1, and liquid fuel is gasoline.
Evaporator is placed with on heating arrangement, and heating arrangement can be heated to more than 600K by evaporator.The dry point of gasoline is 468K, therefore, heating-up temperature is decided to be 480K, adds that evaporator is evacuated, just can ensure that gasoline is vaporized completely.
In whole experimentation, first with starting condition being inputted LabVIEW dividing potential drop calculation procedure, obtain gasoline dividing potential drop under required equivalent proportion, then gasoline evaporation is carried out, control each pressure transducer, temperature sensor parameter reaches required state, after gasoline evaporates completely, open flowrate control valve carry out distribution, finally carry out igniting experiments.
Key step is: close material inlet valve 122 and firebomb inlet and outlet valve, open flowrate control valve 131, make evaporator 11 and firebomb 3 jointly become a confined space; Vacuum pumping device is utilized to be vacuum by aforementioned confined space suction; Close flowrate control valve 131, in evaporator 11, inject gasoline, close material inlet valve 122; Utilize heating arrangement that evaporator is heated to 480K, liquid fuel is all evaporated, maintain fuel gas state; Open flowrate control valve 131, in burner 3, inject the fuel gas of certain volume according to the equivalent proportion of gasoline combustion, then pass into air to burner internal gas pressure to atmospheric pressure; Igniting, experiment.
Firebomb is also heated to the required initial temperature of experiment while heating fumigators and discharge nozzle.When evaporator, discharge nozzle, firebomb temperature all reaches design temperature and after held for some time, whole vapo(u)rization system is just as a gas cylinder of traditional constant volume combustion system.
Next be distribution process: adopt the method for intrinsic standoff ratio to realize the object of the gasoline-air mixture of the different equivalent proportion of constant volume combustion bomb combustion.During experiment, open flowrate control valve to put into gasoline vapor and enter burning and be bound to specified pressure, and then pass into air to atmospheric pressure, now in constant volume combustion bomb, the equivalent proportion of combustible gas can be precisely controlled, completely solves the problem that the combustible gas equivalent proportion that causes can not accurately control by estimating firebomb inner volume.On this external firebomb, installation accuracy is the pressure vacuum gauge of 0.05 grade, and pressure can be accurate to 10pa(pressure reading and be accurate to 2 significant digits, unit is Kpa), finally realize the accurate control of liquid fuel-air Mixture air-fuel ratio.Can carry out with that lighting a fire, testing.Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is the experiment picture utilizing the present invention to obtain.
Fig. 3 is equivalent proportion is 1.0, the schlieren picture of gasoline combustion in three identical experiment when starting condition is 400K, 1bar.Visible three experimental results obtained by the present invention are very similar, demonstrate practicality of the present invention and reliability, prove that its equivalent proportion in distribution process controls comparatively accurate simultaneously.
Fig. 4 is gasoline laminar burning velocity when different equivalent proportion of four kinds of heterogeneities when having adjuvant in gasoline, and the gasoline of four kinds of heterogeneities is be added with the gasoline of 30% adjuvant, the gasoline being added with 20% adjuvant, the gasoline being added with 10% adjuvant and non-additive gasoline respectively.Visible when air-fuel ratio is less than 1.1, after adding adjuvant, gasoline combustion speed has obvious increase, and when air-fuel ratio is greater than 1.1, four kinds of heterogeneity gasoline combustion speed do not have difference substantially.This experiment also provable practicality of the present invention and reliability.
Below be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that above-mentioned preferred implementation should not be considered as limitation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with claim limited range.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a constant volume combustion bomb, comprises firebomb (3), and firebomb control device (33) is connected with firebomb (3) signal, for controlling fire trial, it is characterized in that, also comprising:
Evaporator (11): be a closed container, this evaporator is provided with charging aperture and discharging opening, and the first temperature sensor (14) be configured with for detecting evaporator internal temperature, and for detecting first pressure test device (15) of evaporator air pressure inside;
Heating arrangement: comprise the first heating control apparatus (21) and the heating arrangement (22) for heating evaporator (11), aforementioned first temperature sensor (14) is connected with the first heating control apparatus (21) signal;
Vacuum pumping device; For by evaporator (11), firebomb (3) vacuum pumping;
The discharging opening of described evaporator (11) is connected by discharge nozzle (13) with firebomb (3), discharge nozzle (13) pipeline is provided with flowrate control valve (131);
Described firebomb (3) is configured with the second pressure-detecting device (32) for detecting firebomb air pressure inside.
2. constant volume combustion bomb according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described discharge nozzle (13) pipeline is wound with heater block, this heater block is electrically connected with the second heating controller (133), discharge nozzle (13) is also configured with the second temperature sensor (132) for temperature in this pipeline of monitoring pipe, the second temperature sensor (132) is connected with the second heating controller (133) signal.
3. constant volume combustion bomb according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described charging aperture is provided with feed pipe (12), and this feed pipe (12) is connected with material feeding piston (121); Feed pipe (12) pipeline is provided with material inlet valve (122).
4. constant volume combustion bomb according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first temperature sensor (14) is electroheat pair.
5. constant volume combustion bomb according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described evaporator (11) is made up of cavity and assembling and locking evaporator cover (111), and described charging aperture and discharging opening are arranged on assembling and locking evaporator cover (111), adopt conical surface seal between described assembling and locking evaporator cover (111) and cavity.
6. constant volume combustion bomb according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described second pressure-detecting device (32) is electronic pressure gage.
7. constant volume combustion bomb according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described vacuum pumping device is vacuum pump (32), and vacuum pump is connected with firebomb (3).
8., based on a liquid fuel combustion performance test methods for constant volume combustion bomb described in above arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) liquid fuel is injected the evaporator of inner vacuum, experimentally require the amount determining injection liquid fluid fuel;
2) heated liquid fuel, is evaporated to gas completely to it;
3) method of intrinsic standoff ratio is adopted to realize the different fuel gas of equivalent proportion of firebomb combustion and the combination gas of air; The fuel gas of predetermined amount is injected the firebomb of inner vacuum, inject the air of respective amount;
4) light a fire, test.
9. constant volume combustion bomb according to claim 8, is characterized in that, concrete steps are:
A) close material inlet valve (122) and firebomb inlet and outlet valve, open flowrate control valve (131), make evaporator (11) and firebomb (3) jointly become a confined space;
B) vacuum pumping device is utilized to be vacuum by aforementioned confined space suction;
C) close flowrate control valve (131), to the interior injection liquid fluid fuel of evaporator (11), close material inlet valve (122);
D) utilize heating arrangement that evaporator is heated to more than liquid fuel dry point, liquid fuel is all evaporated, maintain fuel gas state;
E) open flowrate control valve (131), in burner (3), inject the fuel gas of certain volume, then pass into air to burner internal gas pressure to atmospheric pressure;
F) light a fire, test.
10. liquid fuel combustion performance test methods according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described liquid fuel is gasoline, and its burning performance testing procedure is:
A) close material inlet valve (122) and firebomb inlet and outlet valve, open flowrate control valve (131), make evaporator (11) and firebomb (3) jointly become a confined space;
B) vacuum pumping device is utilized to be vacuum by aforementioned confined space suction;
C) close flowrate control valve (131), in evaporator (11), inject gasoline, close material inlet valve (122);
D) utilize heating arrangement that evaporator is heated to 480K, liquid fuel is all evaporated, maintain fuel gas state;
E) open flowrate control valve (131), in burner (3), inject the fuel gas of certain volume according to the equivalent proportion of gasoline combustion, then pass into air to burner internal gas pressure to atmospheric pressure;
F) light a fire, test.
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