CN104388786A - High-strength high-plasticity Mg-Zn-Al-Sn magnesium alloy - Google Patents

High-strength high-plasticity Mg-Zn-Al-Sn magnesium alloy Download PDF

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CN104388786A
CN104388786A CN201410704554.XA CN201410704554A CN104388786A CN 104388786 A CN104388786 A CN 104388786A CN 201410704554 A CN201410704554 A CN 201410704554A CN 104388786 A CN104388786 A CN 104388786A
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magnesium alloy
plasticity
extrusion
magnesium
strength
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CN104388786B (en
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陈先华
王博
潘复生
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
    • C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
    • C22C23/04—Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-strength high-plasticity Mg-Zn-Al-Sn magnesium alloy which consists of the following components by mass: 0.5-2.0 percent of Sn, 3.0-6.0 percent of Zn, 1.0-3.0 percent of Al and the balance of Mg. The magnesium alloy is prepared by the following methods: selecting the materials according to the ratio, and smelting and casting to obtain alloy ingots; extruding the ingots into sheets at the temperature of 250 to 350 DEG C, and finally, performing heat treatment in the double-stage solution treatment and single-stage aging treatment modes, thereby obtaining the finished product. The zinc, aluminum and tin are added into the magnesium alloy, Mg2Sn and Mg32(Al/Zn)49 phases can be generated, and the strength and plasticity of the alloy are improved; and moreover, the heat treatment is performed by adopting the double-stage solution treatment and single-stage aging treatment modes, precipitation of the phases Mg-Zn and Mg2Sn can be promoted, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the alloy is improved by virtue of second phase strengthening and solid solution strengthening.

Description

A kind of high-strength high-plasticity Mg-Zn-Al-Sn magnesium alloy
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of magnesium alloy, relate to Mg-Zn-Al-Sn alloy, particularly a kind of high-strength high-plasticity Mg-Zn-Al-Sn magnesium alloy.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy has low density, high specific tenacity and specific rigidity, excellent damping capacity, good damping performance and anti-acoustic capability and antimagnetic, shielding, heat radiation, Cutting free is processed, can recycling and a series of good characteristic is not polluted etc. to environment, it is structural metallic materials the lightest in current industrial application, at automobile, electronics, electrical equipment, traffic, aerospace and national defence, military industry field has extremely important using value and wide application prospect, especially in lightweight, there is the significant advantage being difficult to substitute, can obviously weight reduction, save fuel oil consumption.But the crystalline structure of magnesium is close-packed hexagonal, and slip system is few, distortion is mainly by basal slip and the twin realization of the conical surface, and plastic deformation ability is poor, and absolute strength is low, greatly limit its range of application on structural part.
Commercial magnesium alloy can be divided into cast magnesium alloys and wrought magnesium alloys.Cast magnesium alloys coarse grains, component segregation is relatively more serious, and poor-performing, can not bear complex load and volume is relatively little, and range of application narrow being difficult to meets market development application demand.Compared with cast magnesium alloys, wrought magnesium alloys then has excellent over-all properties, there is high intensity and mould, toughness, be more suitable for making large scale structure and meeting the demand of structure diversification.Therefore, novel high-performance wrought magnesium alloys is researched and developed just significant.
At present, the main method improving magnesium alloy over-all properties adds alloying element.Conventional alloying element has Zn, Al, RE etc.By adding Zn and Al, form AZ series deformation magnesium alloy, this serial magnesium alloy mainly uses at normal temperatures, and over-all properties is not ideal enough, can not meet requirement magnesium alloy being expanded to industrial circle widely; By add rare earth element, as ZK system, Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr system, this serial magnesium alloy has good room temperature and high-temperature behavior, but due to this cost of alloy higher, greatly limit range of application.Further, above-mentioned magnesium alloy system, major part is when bar, and over-all properties is comparatively excellent, and in case of a sheet, over-all properties is unsatisfactory.But, for meeting the diversified demand in future market, research and develop novel wrought magnesium alloys sheet material just significant.
In sum, deformed magnesium alloy material is a kind of metallic substance having development prospect, but the magnesium alloy developed now also has some shortcomings part, such as: containing some rare earth elements in alloy system, substantially increase cost.But the developing direction of magnesium alloy significantly reduces costs and improves over-all properties, to promote a large amount of industrial application of magnesium alloy.Therefore, a kind of low cost is developed and the wrought magnesium alloys with good over-all properties is significant to promote the large-scale manufactureization of China's magnesium alloy to apply.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-strength high-plasticity Mg-Zn-Al-Sn magnesium alloy.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of high-strength high-plasticity Mg-Zn-Al-Sn magnesium alloy, this magnesium alloy is composed of the following components by mass: Sn:0.5% ~ 2.0%, Zn:3.0% ~ 6.0%, Al:1.0% ~ 3.0%, and all the other are Mg; Its yield strength is greater than 130Mpa, and tensile strength is greater than 260Mpa, and unit elongation is greater than 17%.
As preferably of the present invention, described magnesium alloy is obtained by following steps:
1) metallurgy and foundry: choose starting material by described proportioning and metallurgy and foundry obtains Mg-Zn-Al-Sn alloy cast ingot;
2) hot extrusion: first by step 1) ingot casting in 250 ~ 350 DEG C of preheating 1 ~ 2h, then add extrusion machine extruding and become sheet material, in extrusion process, container temperature is 250 ~ 350 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 5:1 ~ 20:1, extrusion speed is 15 ~ 25mm/s, and last air cooling obtains extrusion plate;
3) thermal treatment: first magnesium alloy plate is incubated 4 ~ 6h at 290 ~ 310 DEG C, then at 330 ~ 350 DEG C of insulations 24 ~ 28h, finally timeliness 5 ~ 50h at 150 DEG C ~ 230 DEG C, air cooling is to room temperature.
As preferably of the present invention, before hot extrusion, also comprise Homogenization Treatments step: first at magnesium alloy ingot outer cladding graphite, then at 330 ~ 340 DEG C of insulation 5 ~ 10h, finally air cooling after 400 ~ 440 DEG C of insulation 15 ~ 20h.
As preferably of the present invention, step 1) first by pure magnesium, pure zinc, fine aluminium preheating 30 ~ 90min at 150 ~ 250 DEG C, by pure tin preheating 30 ~ 60min at 100 ~ 200 DEG C; Then pure magnesium be heated to 700 ~ 720 DEG C under atmosphere protection and add the pure zinc of preheating, fine aluminium and pure tin according to this; Then be warming up to 730 ~ 750 DEG C of insulation 20 ~ 30min, and stirring makes its homogenization of composition; Finally leaving standstill 20 ~ 30min, wait being cooled to the mould being cast to 250 ~ 350 DEG C after 690 ~ 720 DEG C under atmosphere protection, obtaining magnesium alloy ingot.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Containing Zn 3.0% ~ 6.0%, Al1.0% ~ 3.0%, Sn 0.5% ~ 3.0% in magnesium alloy of the present invention, add the dual strengthening effect that zinc has solution strengthening and ageing strengthening, add the castability that aluminium can improve alloy, adding tin, can to improve alloy moulding, and generate Mg with magnesium 2sn phase, improves the high-temperature behavior of alloy, by optimizing the ratio of zinc and aluminium, can introduce Mg 32(Al/Zn) 49high-Temperature Strengthening phase, puies forward heavy alloyed high-temperature behavior; Magnesium alloy after the present invention's extruding adopts double_stage guide+single-stage aging mode to heat-treat, and can promote Mg-Zn phase and Mg 2the precipitation of Sn phase, carries heavy alloyed comprehensive mechanical property by second-phase strength and solution strengthening, and after Overheating Treatment, its room temperature tensile tensile strength is expected to reach 290MPa, and its unit elongation reaches more than 27%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearly, the invention provides following accompanying drawing and being described:
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure photo of embodiment 1 extruded Magnesium Alloy;
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure photo of embodiment 2 extruded Magnesium Alloy;
Fig. 3 is the metallographic structure photo of embodiment 3 extruded Magnesium Alloy;
Fig. 4 is the metallographic structure photo of comparative example 1 extruded Magnesium Alloy.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment high-strength high-plasticity Mg-Zn-Al-Sn magnesium alloy, by mass containing Zn 4%, Al 1.5%, Sn 2%, all the other are magnesium and inevitable impurity; Its preparation method is as follows:
1, alloy smelting and casting: first select industrial-purity zinc, commercial-purity aluminium, industrial pure tin and pure magnesium by said ratio, then by crucible, pure magnesium, pure zinc, fine aluminium preheating 30 ~ 90min at 150 ~ 250 DEG C, by pure tin preheating 30 ~ 60min at 100 ~ 200 DEG C, pure magnesium is added crucible and is heated to 700 ~ 720 DEG C and make it all melt; Then the industrial-purity zinc of preheating, commercial-purity aluminium and industrial pure tin being added in crucible and being warming up to 730 ~ 750 DEG C of insulation 20 ~ 30min makes it melt completely; Then after stirring alloy molten solution 2 ~ 3min to its uniform ingredients, insulation leaves standstill 20 ~ 30min; Last in 690 ~ 720 DEG C, at CO 2and SF 6be poured under mixed gas protected in the swage being preheating to 250 ~ 350 DEG C, obtain magnesium alloy ingot.
2, Homogenization Treatments: first utilize graphite to cover above-mentioned magnesium alloy ingot, is then heated to 330 ~ 340 DEG C of insulation 5 ~ 10h, then this ingot casting is heated to 400 ~ 440 DEG C, insulation 15 ~ 20h air cooling completes homogenizing by magnesium alloy.
3, machining: according to the size of extrusion machine container to the magnesium alloy ingot sawing of above-mentioned homogenizing, railway carriage to suitable dimension.
4, hot extrusion processing: preheating 1 ~ 2h at first ingot casting being heated to 250 ~ 350 DEG C, is heated to 250 ~ 350 DEG C by container, then utilize extrusion machine to extrude described magnesium alloy ingot; In extrusion process, extrusion ratio is 10:1, and extrusion speed is 15 ~ 25mm/s, and after extruding, air cooling is to room temperature, and the specification of this step extruding gained magnesium alloy plate is 125mm × 8mm.The concrete squeezing parameter of the present embodiment is as shown in table 1:
The main squeezing parameter of each embodiment of table 1
Blank temperature/DEG C Container temperature/DEG C Die temperature/DEG C Extrusion speed mm/s Extrusion ratio Sheet material specification mm × mm after extruding
280～300 250～300 280～300 15～25 10:1 125×8
5, thermal treatment: the heat treatment furnace insulation 4 ~ 6h first extrusion plate being placed in 290 ~ 310 DEG C, is then placed on 330 ~ 350 DEG C of insulation 24 ~ 28h, is finally placed in the heat treatment furnace insulation 5 ~ 50h of 150 ~ 230 DEG C and air cooling obtains finished product.
Embodiment 2:
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is, in the present embodiment, Zn content is 4%, Al content be 1.5%, Sn content is 1%.
Embodiment 3:
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is, in the present embodiment, Zn content is 4%, Al content be 1.5%, Sn content is 0.5%.
Comparative example 1:
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is, not containing Sn in the present embodiment.
Performance Detection:
1, microtexture detects:
Fig. 1 is the metallograph of embodiment 1 extruded Magnesium Alloy (non-thermal treatment);
Fig. 2 is the metallograph of embodiment 2 extruded Magnesium Alloy (non-thermal treatment);
Fig. 3 is the metallograph of embodiment 3 extruded Magnesium Alloy (non-thermal treatment);
Fig. 4 is the metallograph of comparative example 1 extruded Magnesium Alloy (non-thermal treatment).
Comparison diagram 1-4 can find out: in extrusion process, and along with the rising of Sn content, crystal grain is refinement gradually, this mainly because extrusion process in occurrence dynamics recrystallize, formed can pinning crystal boundary, crystal grain thinning Mg 2sn hard particles, along with the increase of Sn content, second-phase quantity increases, and its thinning effect is also more obvious.
2, Mechanics Performance Testing:
Table 2 is the mechanical experimental results of the non-heat treating magnesium alloys extruded Magnesium Alloy of embodiment 1,2,3 and comparative example 1:
Table 2 embodiment 1,2,3, comparative example 1 extruded Magnesium Alloy mechanical property
Embodiment Yield strength (Mpa) Tensile strength (Mpa) Unit elongation (%)
1 147 280 17.4
2 143 273 25.1
3 138 267 26.2
Comparative example 1 125 263 27.4
Table 3 is the mechanical experimental results of magnesium alloy after embodiment 1 thermal treatment:
The mechanical property of magnesium alloy after table 3 embodiment 1 thermal treatment
Embodiment Yield strength (Mpa) Tensile strength (Mpa) Unit elongation (%)
1 154 288 23.5
As can be seen from table 2 and table 3, along with the rising of Theil indices, yield strength and the tensile strength of alloy are all obviously promoted, but its unit elongation is also on a declining curve; And after adopting double_stage guide+single-stage aging heat treating method process, the yield strength of embodiment 1 alloy, tensile strength and unit elongation all get a promotion, and particularly its unit elongation improves about 1/3, effectively overcomes the problem of the moulding decline of extruded Magnesium Alloy.
What finally illustrate is, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from claims of the present invention limited range.

Claims (4)

1. a high-strength high-plasticity Mg-Zn-Al-Sn magnesium alloy, is characterized in that: this magnesium alloy is composed of the following components by mass: Sn:0.5% ~ 2.0%, Zn:3.0% ~ 6.0%, Al:1.0% ~ 3.0%, and all the other are Mg; Its yield strength is greater than 130Mpa, and tensile strength is greater than 260Mpa, and unit elongation is greater than 17%.
2. high-strength high-plasticity Mg-Zn-Al-Sn magnesium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described magnesium alloy is obtained by following steps:
1) metallurgy and foundry: choose starting material by described proportioning and metallurgy and foundry obtains Mg-Zn-Al-Sn alloy cast ingot;
2) hot extrusion: first by step 1) ingot casting in 250 ~ 350 DEG C of preheating 1 ~ 2h, then add extrusion machine extruding and become sheet material, in extrusion process, container temperature is 250 ~ 350 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is 5:1 ~ 20:1, extrusion speed is 15 ~ 25mm/s, and last air cooling obtains extrusion plate;
3) thermal treatment: first magnesium alloy plate is incubated 4 ~ 6h at 290 ~ 310 DEG C, then at 330 ~ 350 DEG C of insulations 24 ~ 28h, finally timeliness 5 ~ 50h at 150 DEG C ~ 230 DEG C, air cooling is to room temperature.
3. high-strength high-plasticity Mg-Zn-Al-Sn magnesium alloy according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: before hot extrusion, also comprise Homogenization Treatments step: first at magnesium alloy ingot outer cladding graphite, then at 330 ~ 340 DEG C of insulation 5 ~ 10h, finally air cooling after 400 ~ 440 DEG C of insulation 15 ~ 20h.
4. high-strength high-plasticity Mg-Zn-Al-Sn magnesium alloy according to claim 2, is characterized in that: step 1) first by pure magnesium, pure zinc, fine aluminium preheating 30 ~ 90min at 150 ~ 250 DEG C, by pure tin preheating 30 ~ 60min at 100 ~ 200 DEG C; Then pure magnesium be heated to 700 ~ 720 DEG C under atmosphere protection and add the pure zinc of preheating, fine aluminium and pure tin according to this; Then be warming up to 730 ~ 750 DEG C of insulation 20 ~ 30min, and stirring makes its homogenization of composition; Finally leaving standstill 20 ~ 30min, wait being cooled to the mould being cast to 250 ~ 350 DEG C after 690 ~ 720 DEG C under atmosphere protection, obtaining magnesium alloy ingot.
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Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104862568A (en) * 2015-06-17 2015-08-26 山西八达镁业有限公司 High-strength rare earth metal wrought magnesium alloy
CN106399771A (en) * 2016-09-30 2017-02-15 东北大学 Preparation method of slow-release magnesium alloy for magnesium treatment of molten steel
CN107338379A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-11-10 北京科技大学 A kind of magnesium Tin-zinc-aluminium manganese wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN108070762A (en) * 2016-11-17 2018-05-25 比亚迪股份有限公司 A kind of wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN109161764A (en) * 2018-11-01 2019-01-08 吉林大学 A kind of magnesium alloy materials and preparation method thereof that high-strength plasticity high alloy content squeezes
CN109680194A (en) * 2019-02-22 2019-04-26 山东省科学院新材料研究所 A kind of high-intensitive extrudate preparation method of Mg-Zn-Sn-Mn alloy
CN110284033A (en) * 2019-08-05 2019-09-27 深圳市爱斯特新材料科技有限公司 A kind of Mg-Zn-Al base microalloying magnesium alloy of high intensity and preparation method thereof
CN114921672A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-08-19 西南交通大学 Magnesium alloy and processing method for regulating and controlling orientation of precipitated phase thereof

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CN103695741A (en) * 2013-12-16 2014-04-02 中国科学院金属研究所 Mg-Zn-Al-Sn-Mn series magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN103924142A (en) * 2014-05-09 2014-07-16 重庆大学 Magnesium alloy and preparing method thereof

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104862568A (en) * 2015-06-17 2015-08-26 山西八达镁业有限公司 High-strength rare earth metal wrought magnesium alloy
CN106399771A (en) * 2016-09-30 2017-02-15 东北大学 Preparation method of slow-release magnesium alloy for magnesium treatment of molten steel
CN106399771B (en) * 2016-09-30 2017-12-01 东北大学 A kind of preparation method of molten steel magnesium processing slow-release magnesium alloy
CN108070762A (en) * 2016-11-17 2018-05-25 比亚迪股份有限公司 A kind of wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN107338379A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-11-10 北京科技大学 A kind of magnesium Tin-zinc-aluminium manganese wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN107338379B (en) * 2017-07-12 2019-02-15 北京科技大学 A kind of magnesium-tin-zinc-aluminium-manganese wrought magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN109161764A (en) * 2018-11-01 2019-01-08 吉林大学 A kind of magnesium alloy materials and preparation method thereof that high-strength plasticity high alloy content squeezes
CN109680194A (en) * 2019-02-22 2019-04-26 山东省科学院新材料研究所 A kind of high-intensitive extrudate preparation method of Mg-Zn-Sn-Mn alloy
CN110284033A (en) * 2019-08-05 2019-09-27 深圳市爱斯特新材料科技有限公司 A kind of Mg-Zn-Al base microalloying magnesium alloy of high intensity and preparation method thereof
CN110284033B (en) * 2019-08-05 2020-11-24 深圳市爱斯特新材料科技有限公司 High-strength Mg-Zn-Al-based microalloyed magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN114921672A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-08-19 西南交通大学 Magnesium alloy and processing method for regulating and controlling orientation of precipitated phase thereof
CN114921672B (en) * 2022-05-30 2023-02-03 西南交通大学 Magnesium alloy and processing method for regulating and controlling orientation of precipitated phase thereof

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