CN104386708B - A kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration and technique - Google Patents
A kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration and technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN104386708B CN104386708B CN201410563425.3A CN201410563425A CN104386708B CN 104386708 B CN104386708 B CN 104386708B CN 201410563425 A CN201410563425 A CN 201410563425A CN 104386708 B CN104386708 B CN 104386708B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration and technique thereof, this system includes vertical hydrolysis reactor, steam pipework, urea liquid filling line and product gas discharge line；Reactor shell, reactor upper cover and reactor low head surround the hydrolysis chamber of sealing；Top, hydrolysis chamber is provided with liquid knockout, and bottom is provided with multiple supersonic speed steam jet, and multiple supersonic speed steam jets all connect with steam inlet.The present invention passes through supersonic speed steam jet, takes the mode of steam direct heating urea liquid to carry out hydrolysis of urea reaction, and the system structure of the present invention is simple, reasonable in design, reduces the corrosion risk of equipment investment and hydrolysis reactor；It is simple to operate that the present invention hydrolyzes Ammonia Process, convenient, safety, and operability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to denitrating flue gas (nitrogen) technical field, particularly to a kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration and technique thereof.
Background technology
To the end of the year 2012, the unified capacity of installed generator of China has reached 11.45 hundred million kilowatts, and wherein thermoelectricity accounts for 71.55%；Unified generated energy reaches 4.98 trillion kilowatt hours, and wherein thermoelectricity accounts for 78.57%.Proposing in China " 12 " planning outline: to the end of the year 2015, unit GDP energy resource consumption is compared 2010 and is reduced by 16%, and CO2 emission reduces by 17%, and sulfur dioxide, discharged nitrous oxides reduce 8%, 10% respectively.Thermal power generation is China's primary energy consumption and pollutant emission rich and influential family, and its CO2 emissions account for about 40%, and sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide emission account for more than 45%.Therefore reducing thermal power plant's pollutant discharge amount is the emphasis in China's energy-saving and emission-reduction work.
For advancing the energy-saving and emission-reduction of China's Thermal Power Enterprises, China is proposed new " fossil-fuel power plant atmospheric pollutant emission standard " (GB13223-2011), significantly reduces coal-fired power plant's flue dust, SO in new standard2, the emission limit regulation of the pollutant such as NOx.From eighties of last century eighties, due to the enforcement of China's coal-fired flue-gas pollution control policy, domestic enterprise's numerous and confused Introduced From Abroad flue gas ash removal, flue gas desulfurization technique.Denitrating flue gas aspect, what China was in the past commonly used is low-NOx combustor, but it is as formulation and the execution of new standard, denitrating flue gas must be used to can be only achieved discharge standard, current domestic main employing catalytic reduction flue gas denitration (SCR) technique, its technology is the most ripe, denitration efficiency is higher.The principle of SCR denitration technology is to be made the NO in flue gas within the scope of suitable temperature by catalystX(NO and NO2) and NH3Produce reaction and generate the N harmless to air2With H2O。
4NO+4NH3+O2→4N2+6H2O
6NO2+8NH3→7N2+12H2O
Along with gradually popularizing of denitration technology, in order to effectively reduce reducing agent security risk during transport and use, increasing countries and regions begin with the source as denitrification reducing agent, other ammonia sources, and carbamide becomes effective and is prone to the ammonia source of transport.Hydrolysis of urea is the effective means of carbamide ammonia, and its principle is:
CO(NH2)2+H2O→2NH3+CO2
At present, hydrolysis of urea reactor uses steam dividing wall type heat exchanger to heat urea liquid, it is achieved the hydrolytic process of carbamide, owing to hydrolysis of urea process exists corrosivity, it is higher that many employing rustless steels make hydrolysis of urea reactor cost, runs with the time often and there is potential safety hazard.It addition, use the mode of dividing wall type heating, control speed relatively slow, be unfavorable for adapting to the requirement of the quick peak regulation of unit.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration and technique thereof, and this system structure is simple, reasonable in design, reduces the corrosion risk of equipment investment and hydrolysis reactor；This hydrolysis Ammonia Process is simple to operate, convenient, safety, and operability is high.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration, including vertical hydrolysis reactor, steam pipework, urea liquid filling line and product gas discharge line；This vertical hydrolysis reactor includes reactor shell, reactor upper cover, reactor low head, reactor shell, reactor upper cover, reactor low head surround the hydrolysis chamber of sealing；Reactor upper cover is provided with interface on reactor, on reactor, interface connects with product gas discharge line, and reactor low head is provided with reactor lower interface, and reactor lower interface connects with urea liquid filling line, being provided with steam inlet bottom reactor shell, steam inlet connects with steam pipework；Described top, hydrolysis chamber is provided with liquid knockout, and bottom is provided with multiple supersonic speed steam jet, and multiple supersonic speed steam jets all connect with steam inlet.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described liquid knockout is two-layer interlaced arrangement, the distance bottom liquid knockout mount point to reactor shell be (0.7～0.9) H, H be reactor cylinder height.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the nozzle of described supersonic speed spray is arranged down, and multiple superonic flow nozzzle is evenly arranged at grade.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described steam pipework is provided with steam regulator；It is provided with pressure gauge connection and content gauge interface, pressure gauge connection and content gauge interface in the middle part of described reactor shell and is respectively provided with Pressure gauge and content gauge.
As a further improvement on the present invention, also including that demineralized water cleaning system, demineralized water cleaning system include demineralized water filling line and wastewater discharge pipe road, orifice on demineralized water filling line and reactor, wastewater discharge pipe road connects with reactor lower interface.
As a further improvement on the present invention, steam pipework, urea liquid filling line, product gas discharge line, demineralized water filling line and wastewater discharge pipe road are equipped with regulation valve.
As a further improvement on the present invention, reactor shell is provided with fixing device.
A kind of hydrolysis of urea Ammonia Process being applied to thermal power plant's denitration, urea liquid enters hydrolysis chamber from vertical hydrolysis reactor bottom reactor lower interface, vapours is sprayed downwards by the supersonic speed steam jet connected with steam inlet, urea liquid directly contacts with vapours, by monitoring hydrolysis of urea temperature of reactor, pressure, level monitoring reactor duty, by pressure-regulating device regulation heating steam pressure to regulate reaction temperature, and control urea liquid flow, to control product gas growing amount, the product gas that hydrolysis produces is after removing liquid by liquid knockout, it is discharged to SCR reaction zone by interface on reactor.
As a further improvement on the present invention, also include cleaning, closing urea liquid filling line and product gas discharge line, on vertical hydrolysis reactor, reactor is carried out by interface injection demineralized water, and cleanout fluid is discharged to waste water tank through vertical hydrolysis reactor lower interface.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the working pressure range of vertical hydrolysis reactor is 0.4-0.8MPa, and operating temperature range is 140-170 DEG C, and urea concentration is 30%-50%, and urea solution temperature is 50-80 DEG C, and vapours pressure is 0.7-1.1MPa.
Relative to prior art, the invention have the advantages that
The hydrolysis ammonia system of the present invention can be widely used for thermal power plant's denitrification process, is used for producing ammonia needed for denitration, has good reliability and safety；The hydrolysis ammonia system of the present invention makes hydrolysis of urea use direct contact type mode of heating, compared with using the indirect heating urea solution of steam, eliminate heating pipe built-in bundle, reduce equipment investment, in-discard tube bank, reduces the corrosion risk of hydrolysis reactor simultaneously.
Further, liquid knockout two-layer liquid knockout interlaced arrangement, and liquid knockout is arranged at the 0.7～0.9 of reactor cylinder height, is confirmed except liquid effect is best by test of many times, decreases the liquid carrying amount discharging gas, improves gas except liquid effect.
Further, steam sprays into urea liquid by supersonic speed steam jet the most down, can effectively reduce tank body vibrations, ensure that the most directly contacting of urea liquid and vapours simultaneously, decrease thermal loss, downwards the vapours of ejection run into hydrolysis chamber diapire reversely after can also continue to contact with urea liquid, continue to heat.
Further, by arranging steam regulator, regulation steam pressure changes rapidly reaction temperature so that this urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system mates rapidly the ammonia amount of hydroelectric power plant's denitration.Pressure gauge and content gauge monitoring hydrolysis of urea temperature of reactor, pressure, level monitoring reactor duty, by pressure-regulating device regulation heating steam pressure to regulate reaction temperature, and control urea liquid flow, to control product gas growing amount.
Further, demineralized water cleaning system can be with periodic purge hydrolysis reactor inner chamber, it is ensured that long service life.Product gas outlet and clean demineralized water and share upper interface, urea liquid entrance and clean waste water and share lower interface, simple in construction, reasonable in design.Being provided with regulation valve can facilitate the piping flow of local to control, and the on-off control of pipeline.
The hydrolysis Ammonia Process of the present invention is simple to operate, convenient, safety, and operability is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram installing distribution of supersonic speed steam jet；
In figure: 1 is vertical hydrolysis reactor, 2 is steam regulator, 3 is steam pipework, 4 is urea liquid filling line, 5 is product gas discharge line, 6 is demineralized water filling line, 7 is wastewater discharge pipe road, 101 is reactor shell, 102 is reactor upper cover, 103 is reactor low head, 104 is liquid knockout, 105 is fixing device, 106 is pressure gauge connection, 107 is content gauge interface, 108 is steam inlet, 109 is interface on reactor, 110 is reactor lower interface, 111 is supersonic speed steam jet.
Detailed description of the invention
Structural principle and operation principle to the present invention are described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1, a kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration provided for the present invention, it includes vertical hydrolysis reactor 1, steam pipework 3, urea liquid filling line 4 and product gas discharge line 5, this vertical hydrolysis reactor 1 includes reactor shell 101, reactor upper cover 102, reactor low head 103, reactor shell 101 is provided with fixing device 105, for fixing vertical hydrolysis reactor 1, pressure gauge connection 106 and content gauge interface 107 it is provided with in the middle part of reactor shell 101, pressure gauge connection 106 and content gauge interface 107 are respectively provided with Pressure gauge and content gauge.Reactor upper cover 102 is provided with interface 109 on reactor, on reactor, interface 109 connects with product gas discharge line 5, reactor low head 103 is provided with reactor lower interface 110, reactor lower interface 110 connects with urea liquid filling line 4, being provided with steam inlet 108 bottom reactor shell 101, entrance 108 connects with steam pipework 3.Steam pipework 3 is provided with steam regulator 2.The hydrolysis chamber of sealing is surrounded by reactor shell 101, reactor upper cover 102, reactor low head 103；This reaction chamber top is provided with liquid knockout 104, and bottom is provided with multiple supersonic speed steam jet 111, and multiple supersonic speed steam jets 111 all connect with steam inlet 108；Liquid knockout 104 arranges two-layer, and this two-layer liquid knockout 104 interlaced arrangement；Liquid knockout 104 installation site to the distance bottom reactor shell be (0.7～0.9) H, H be reactor cylinder height.
With reference to shown in Fig. 1 and 2, the nozzle of superonic flow nozzzle 111 is arranged down, and multiple superonic flow nozzzle 111 is evenly arranged at grade.The superonic flow nozzzle quantity that the present invention selects is three, and three superonic flow nozzzle circle connecting lines form equilateral triangle.Steam sprays into urea liquid by supersonic speed steam jet the most down, can effectively reduce tank body vibrations, ensure that the most directly contacting of urea liquid and vapours simultaneously, decrease thermal loss, downwards the vapours of ejection run into hydrolysis chamber diapire reversely after can also continue to contact with urea liquid, continue to heat.
Demineralized water cleaning system, demineralized water cleaning system includes demineralized water filling line 6 and wastewater discharge pipe road 7, and demineralized water filling line 6 connects with interface on reactor 109, and wastewater discharge pipe road 7 connects with reactor lower interface 110.It is equipped with regulation valve on steam pipework 3, urea liquid filling line 4, product gas discharge line 5, demineralized water filling line 6 and wastewater discharge pipe road 7, is provided with regulation valve and the piping flow of local can be facilitated to control, and the on-off control of pipeline.
A kind of hydrolysis of urea Ammonia Process being applied to thermal power plant's denitration, urea liquid reactor lower interface 110 bottom vertical hydrolysis reactor 1 enters hydrolysis chamber, vapours is sprayed downwards by the supersonic speed steam jet 111 connected with steam inlet 108, urea liquid directly contacts with vapours, urea liquid issues unboiled water solution in the heating of steam, by monitoring hydrolysis of urea temperature of reactor, pressure, level monitoring reactor duty, heating steam pressure is regulated to regulate reaction temperature by pressure-regulating device 2, and control urea liquid flow, to control product gas growing amount, the product gas that hydrolysis produces is after removing liquid by liquid knockout 104, it is discharged to SCR reaction zone by interface on reactor 109.Wherein, the working pressure range of vertical hydrolysis reactor 1 is 0.4-0.8MPa, and operating temperature range is 140-170 DEG C, and urea concentration is 30%-50%, and urea solution temperature is 50-80 DEG C, and vapours pressure is 0.7-1.1MPa.
Running after a period of time, close urea liquid filling line 4 and product gas discharge line 5, on vertical hydrolysis reactor 1, interface 109 injects demineralized water and is carried out reactor, and cleanout fluid is discharged to waste water tank through vertical hydrolysis reactor 1 lower interface 110.
Above-mentioned embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is impossible to limit the scope of protection of the invention with this, and change and the replacement of any unsubstantiality that those skilled in the art are done on the basis of the present invention belong to scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration, it is characterized in that, including vertical hydrolysis reactor (1), steam pipework (3), urea liquid filling line (4) and product gas discharge line (5)；This vertical hydrolysis reactor (1) includes that reactor shell (101), reactor upper cover (102) and reactor low head (103), reactor shell (101), reactor upper cover (102) and reactor low head (103) surround the hydrolysis chamber of sealing；Reactor upper cover (102) is provided with interface on reactor (109), on reactor, interface (109) connects with product gas discharge line (5), reactor low head (103) is provided with reactor lower interface (110), reactor lower interface (110) connects with urea liquid filling line (4), reactor shell (101) bottom is provided with steam inlet (108), and steam inlet (108) connect with steam pipework (3)；Described top, hydrolysis chamber is provided with liquid knockout (104), and bottom is provided with multiple supersonic speed steam jet (111), and multiple supersonic speed steam jets (111) all connect with steam inlet (108).
A kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described liquid knockout (104) is two-layer interlaced arrangement, liquid knockout (104) installation site to the distance bottom reactor shell be (0.7～0.9) H, H be reactor cylinder height.
A kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the nozzle of supersonic speed steam jet (111) is arranged down, and multiple supersonic speed steam jet (111) is evenly arranged at grade.
A kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described steam pipework (3) is provided with steam regulator (2)；Described reactor shell (101) middle part is provided with pressure gauge connection (106) and content gauge interface (107), pressure gauge connection (106) and content gauge interface (107) and is respectively provided with Pressure gauge and content gauge.
A kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also include demineralized water cleaning system, demineralized water cleaning system includes demineralized water filling line (6) and wastewater discharge pipe road (7), demineralized water filling line (6) connects with interface on reactor (109), and wastewater discharge pipe road (7) connect with reactor lower interface (110)；It is equipped with regulation valve on steam pipework (3), urea liquid filling line (4), product gas discharge line (5), demineralized water filling line (6) and wastewater discharge pipe road (7).
6. the technique using in claim 1 to 5 a kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration described in any one, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Urea liquid enters hydrolysis chamber from vertical hydrolysis reactor (1) bottom reactor lower interface (110), the supersonic speed steam jet (111) that steam inlet (108) connects sprays downwards vapours, urea liquid directly contacts with vapours, urea liquid issues unboiled water solution in the heating of vapours, the product gas that hydrolysis produces, after removing liquid by liquid knockout (104), is discharged to SCR reaction zone by interface on reactor (109).
The technique of a kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration the most according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, also include cleaning, close urea liquid filling line (4) and product gas discharge line (5), injecting demineralized water at the upper interface (109) of vertical hydrolysis reactor (1) to be carried out reactor, cleanout fluid is discharged to waste water tank through vertical hydrolysis reactor (1) lower interface (110).
The technique of a kind of urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system being applied to thermal power plant's denitration the most according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the operating pressure of vertical hydrolysis reactor (1) is 0.4-0.8MPa, operating temperature is 140-170 DEG C, urea concentration is 30%-50%, urea solution temperature is 50-80 DEG C, and vapours pressure is 0.7-1.1MPa.
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| CN104876242B (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2017-03-22 | 北京新叶能源科技有限公司 | Three-phase fluidization equipment and method for producing ammonia from urea by virtue of catalytic hydrolysis |
| CN105129817B (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2017-05-17 | 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 | Flue gas SCR denitration urea catalytic hydrolysis ammonia production system and method |
| CN105665343B (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2018-05-29 | 北京新叶能源科技有限公司 | A kind of on-line cleaning system and method for urea seeding hydrolysis equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201971645U (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2011-09-14 | 成都锐思环保工程有限公司 | Urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system |
| CN103723743A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Reactor for urea pyrolysis to produce ammonia for flue gas denitration |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201971645U (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2011-09-14 | 成都锐思环保工程有限公司 | Urea hydrolysis ammonia producing system |
| CN103723743A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Reactor for urea pyrolysis to produce ammonia for flue gas denitration |
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