CN1043819C - Correcting method and correcting glasses for colour sense abnormal - Google Patents
Correcting method and correcting glasses for colour sense abnormal Download PDFInfo
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- CN1043819C CN1043819C CN 91111430 CN91111430A CN1043819C CN 1043819 C CN1043819 C CN 1043819C CN 91111430 CN91111430 CN 91111430 CN 91111430 A CN91111430 A CN 91111430A CN 1043819 C CN1043819 C CN 1043819C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a correcting method and a pair of correcting glasses for color sense abnormality. Based on a three-color theory and an opposite theory, the wave length of an absorption peak of people's four kinds of visual pigment which is specialized by genes is further determined by the present invention, and the wave length is used as a basis of changing the redistribution of the spectral energy of visible light. According to the mode of a color sense coding flow of a retina synapse structure and achromatopsia people's color discrimination and confusion colors, the transmissivity of the peak value of four absorption wave lengths is changed. The concentration of the visual pigment is changed, and the goal of changing the graded potential of a photosensor is achieved. Color sense codes are corrected, and a color sense is recovered. On a flat light or diopter lenses, according to the distributed correction values of the transmissivity of four kinds of absorption peak values, multilayer film system processing is carried out to manufacture the correcting glasses.
Description
The invention belongs to the correcting spectacle lens of the essential middle colour anomaly of human lives
The world of our life is the world of material, and different materials can absorb the light of different wave length and the light of its corresponding wavelength of scattering, thereby has constituted the world of gorgeous brilliance.People carry out photochemical Conversion of energy by four kinds of photosensory cells on the eye retina, and the colour vision information coding by the physiology uniqueness finally is delivered to cerebral cortex vision area maincenter, thus sense organ current rich in variety big world.
Because paropsia is by X chromosome sex-linked inheritance or autosomal dominant inheritance, up to the present the existing in the world colour anomaly of people more than 200,000,000 (paddy claims colour blindness), this physiological inheritting defective deprived color-blind people on study and work with the equal right of normal person, the unfairness of also bringing the physiology colour vision to enjoy, the countries in the world scientific worker studies the new method of seeking to cure and correct colour anomaly always over nearly more than 100 years for this reason.
As United States Patent (USP) 4300819, Deutsche Bundespatent 3209655 and Jap.P. 59-148027 disclose achromatopsia glasses, Chinese patent 88200988 discloses a kind of achromatopsia glasses of Zhao Wenqing design again, but because transmitance is low, calibration result difference and fail to form commodity.
The objective of the invention is the colour anomaly origin cause of formation is carried out analysis-by-synthesis, the trichromatic theory and the puzzlement of theory that oppose have in the past been broken through to the explanation of colour anomaly, set up the colour vision coding process mode of retina cynapse group structure, thereby find out the correction solution of colour anomaly, a kind of correcting spectacle lens of colour anomaly is provided, and patient removes misery for colour blindness.
Content of the present invention:
1. produce the unusual theoretical analysis of colour vision, the main process flow diagram of foreknowledge accompanying drawing 1 visual information, photoreceptor is made up of pigment epithelial layer, rod cell, cone cell, is the key component of light conversion.Horizontal cell can be controlled the biochemical capacity of photoreceptor, plays the vital role of luminance balance.Beale's ganglion cells mainly is to transmit the information of photoreceptor to amakrine and gangliocyte.Amakrine mainly is the information that the overall treatment Beale's ganglion cells comes in, comprising the synthetic informational function that reaches generation time, space of colour coding.After gangliocyte is accepted above-mentioned two kinds of information, carry out the decoding work of a colour vision cell, its result is passed to corpus geniculatum lateral through chiasma opticum be divided into six layers, after the overall treatment again of two colour vision signals, its information is passed to the visual center nerve by looking the radiation nerve fibre, be 17 districts, area striata of brain occipital lobe, whole visual information flow process finishes.Certainly unusual no matter above-mentioned a certain position takes place, bring mistake all can for the Code And Decode of colour vision, produce the result of colour anomaly.
Photoreceptor is the key position that produces colour vision.Because it is the target surface on the retina, the pixel of being made up of rod cell and cone cell compiles the visual pigment that forms, and it is the new chromoprotein of forming of a kind of opsin and chromophore, is that luminous energy enters the place that retina is converted into the chemical energy function.
The people of colour anomaly is that the pathological gene by opsin is carried at and entails the offspring on the X chromosome, certain cone cell is reduced or pigment changes.The some conversion of molecule take place behind light quantum of visual pigment molecule absorption, at first be chromophore, in the opsin part of molecule, these conversion finally cause separating of retinene chromophore and opsin afterwards, this process is called bleaching, and it causes the visual pigment molecule to lose color.
The people of paropsia is that the opsin molecular structure differs from the normal person, the length of the visual pigment π key that opsin and chromophore form, it is the key of decision peak absorption wavelength, if peak value is subjected to displacement, its coding of colour vision as a result error code will occur or confuse sign indicating number, cause the check colors misjudgment of visual information of higher visual center, this is to cause colour anomaly, produces many reasons that confuse look.
2. correct the theoretical foundation of colour anomaly
The color of visual pigment and the correlativity of absorption spectrum
We can be from people and three kinds of cone pigments of monkey and people's rhodopsin qualitative difference spectrum (what absorb before and after the bleaching is poor) as can be seen:
The cone cell peak absorption wavelength of yellowish orange is at 437nm
Red cone cell peak absorption wavelength is at 493nm
Mauve cone cell peak absorption wavelength is at 533nm
The cone cell peak absorption wavelength of purple blue is at 564nm
These data are referring to Brown and Wald, and 1963, PK, Brown draws.The color of four kinds of visual pigment albumen of above-mentioned different genes specialization people and the wavelength peak position of absorption are the colors that present with material with to absorb wavelength of visible light corresponding to.
Retina cynapse structure and colour vision coding flow process, the pattern of the observed synaptic contact of many retinas can be as the summary of vertebrate retina cynapse group structure.
The information transmission is that neuron is passed do fax, neurocyte produces graded potential and two kinds of rheobases of action potential, graded potential produces in receptor and dendron, and they are continuation usually, and its amplitude is directly proportional with stimulus intensity, it does not transmit local potential, its amplitude reduces with producing the position away from it, and summation is got up, or plus or minus, graded potential does not have threshold values, and for example a photoreceptor produces a little graded potential after absorbing single light quantum.Action potential often claims get excited current potential or spike, is (0.1 volt) the instantaneity full potential that amplifies or does not have current potential, and it produces along aixs cylinder.They are by frequency but not amplitude transmits that the information action potential of stimulus intensity normally transmits, be that they are regenerated continuously along aixs cylinder, its amplitude of action potential at the termination place of an aixs cylinder is identical with initiating terminal, action potential also has threshold values, for example in order to produce an action potential, the voltage of cross-cell membrane (film potential) must change about 15 millivolts.See accompanying drawing 2, this figure derives from JohoE.Dowling retina in April, 1989.
If we are the flow process of visual information, retina cynapse group structure, the fax of the two class current potentials of the generation of nerve and the information of realization is passed, analysis-by-synthesis links up, be not difficult to expect that vision colour vision coding is the process that a voltage frequency synthesis transmits, same decoding also is like this, the opsin that four kinds of visual pigments are arranged based on the human eye photoreceptor, receive in correspondence on the basis of light quantum of four wavelength, structure goes out retina cynapse group structure and colour vision information coding flow process, thereby how the light quantum of explaining visible spectrum passes through, the receptor of four kinds of corresponding wavelength being made up of rod cell and cone cell carries out photochemical energy conversion, outside the warp, the generation graded potential and the action potential of inner plexiform layer nerve, realize the synthetic colour vision coding that carries out of voltage, by action potential with Frequency Transfer information to gangliocyte, red through synthetic output again, green, blue, blue or green, purple, yellow, six colour vision information, reach corpus geniculatum lateral through chiasma opticum, carry out the overall treatment of two wink visual informations, send visual center 17 districts to through looking the radiation nerve fibre then, comprehensively judge color.
3. colour anomaly correcting technology scheme
(1), determines that because the absorption peak wavelength of four kinds of visual pigments of the specialization people of gene institute, as the foundation of visible spectrum energy redistribution, four absorption peaks of retinal photoreceptor should be at 437nm, 493nm, 533nm, 564nm place.(if lack a kind of or only surplus a kind of visual pigment certainly, colour anomaly can't obtain correcting).
(2), according to the colour vision of retina cynapse group structure coding process mode and color-blind people to chromatic discrimination power and confusing coloration (can adopt the achromatopsia checking figure table), find out the place that needs to change the pairing visual sense cell of visible spectrum energy, by changing the transmitance of four absorbing wavelength honeybee values, make its visual pigment concentration change, thereby the energy level of control electronic transition, reach the purpose that changes the photoreceptor graded potential, make its colour anomaly people's colour vision coding obtain correcting, recover normal colour vision.Statistics aspect nearly hundred routine colour anomaly patients and relevant colour blindness are found out the confusing coloration of following colour anomaly and the transmitance of four peak absorption wavelength and are distributed, and see Fig. 3, and its data are as follows:
1. red-blind confusing coloration is ("=" symbolic representation is obscured)
Red=dark green viridescent
Red=ash
Orange=yellowish green
Purple=indigo plant
Four peak absorption wavelength transmitance distribution values should be
The 473nm transmitance is 65% ± 10% wavelength error ± 10nm
The 493nm transmitance is 55% ± 5% wavelength error ± 5nm
The 533nm transmitance is 10% ± 5% wavelength error ± 5nm
The 564nm transmitance is 10% ± 5% wavelength error ± 5nm
2. deuteranopic confusing coloration is
Pale green=deep red
Green=ash
Malachite=purplish red
Blue, viridescent=purple
Four absorption peak transmitance distribution values should be
The 473nm transmitance is 40% ± 10% wavelength error ± 10nm
The 493nm transmitance is 50% ± 5% wavelength error ± 5nm
The 533nm transmitance is 10% ± 5% wavelength error ± 5nm
The 564nm transmitance is 10% ± 5% wavelength error ± 5nm
3. the confusing coloration of blue blindness (yellow cyan is blind) is
Orange, livid purple=ash
Green grass or young crops=Huang
Viridescent=indigo plant
Four absorption peak transmitance distribution values should be
The 473nm transmitance is 15% ± 10% wavelength error ± 10nm
The 493nm transmitance is 10% ± 5% wavelength error ± 5nm
The 533nm transmitance is 8% ± 5% wavelength error ± 5nm
The 564nm transmitance is 10% ± 5% wavelength error ± 5nm
4. the colour anomaly correcting spectacle lens is made
Make the rectification colour vision glasses of spectral energy redistribution, adopt the physical optics film plating process, on zero diopter or various dioptric optical glass lens, carry out assembly of thin films processing, its four absorption peak transmitances are distributed meet the data that all kinds of colour anomalies are corrected in the front.Coating Materials adopts TiO
2And SiO
2Realize.
Colour anomaly correcting spectacle lens of the present invention has following advantage:
1. this antidote is to further develop on trichromatic theory and opposition theory basis, by changing the transmitance of four peak absorption wavelength, make its visual pigment concentration change, thereby the energy level of control electronic transition, reach the purpose that changes the photoreceptor graded potential, make people's colour vision coding of colour anomaly obtain correcting, become normal colour vision, this technology path carries out the design and the assembly of thin films processing of spectral energy redistribution curve and is achieved by changing four peak absorption wavelength, and obtains good result.
2. the correcting spectacle lens of making of this antidote, color-resolution and level effect have been improved, because these glasses are the spectral energy redistribution data that design according to retina cynapse group structure colour vision coding and color-blind people confusing coloration, through horizontal cells of retina luminance balance function, to produce clear bright visual sense, color detection has improved, and the scenery level is more clear, and 100 multidigits are worn the mirror patient and generally reflected well.
3. the colour anomaly rectification effect is obvious, especially to red, deuteranopia severe patient effect is better, Fuyu County one peasant with dark green tomato regard red as, misidentification is ripe, put on this correcting spectacle lens after, distinguish red green, the loss that no longer causes vegetables to produce.
4. owing to adopt TiO
2And SiO
2Be Coating Materials, eyeglass rete wearing quality strengthens, and through 20,000 cloth cover scouring, rete does not come off yet, and is very firm.
5. corrosion resistance is strong, stands the salt fog test, and for making chemical analysis, the patient of oceanaut and coastland brings convenience, and is not subjected to the restriction of working environment and living environment.
6. the plate substrate material wide material sources of correcting spectacle lens, available market optical mirror slip, also available CR-39, sheets such as acrylic PC satisfy different patients' needs, can process flat mirror and various diopter lens, can be all kinds of myopia and farsighted person service.
7. the reflective modish sense of giving the people of mirror surface color tumbles in various new and original mirror holder again, welcome by the young man.
Description of drawings:
The main process flow diagram of Fig. 1 visual information
Fig. 2 looks through metamessage and transmits synoptic diagram
Fig. 3 red, green, blue three class colour anomaly correction curves
This working of an invention: utilize accompanying drawing 3 correction curves, select optical glass lens for use, sheet such as CR-39 and PC carries out assembly of thin films processing, dresses up glasses, wear for more than 100 achromate in various degree, check from the achromatopsia checking figure of duckweed compilation that with Yu 95% above patient recognizes clear, illustrate that this antidote is feasible, rectification effect is gratifying, and this invention is successful.
Claims (2)
1. the correcting spectacle lens of colour anomaly, it is characterized in that on zero diopter and diopter lens the corrected value that distributes by four absorption peak transmitances, design three class spectral energy curves, four peak absorption wavelength transmitances of every class distribution curve, instruct assembly of thin films processing, wherein red-blind four peak absorption wavelength transmitance distribution values are:
The available optics glass eye of the plate substrate material eyeglass of this correcting spectacle lens, also available CR-39, acrylic, PC sheet,
The 437nm transmitance is 65% ± 10%, wavelength error ± 10nm
The 493nm transmitance is 55% ± 5%, wavelength error ± 5nm
The 533nm transmitance is 10% ± 5%, wavelength error ± 5nm
The 564nm transmitance is 10% ± 5%, wavelength error ± 5nm
Deuteranopic four absorbing wavelength transmitances are distributed as
The 437nm transmitance is 40% ± 10%, wavelength error ± 10nm
The 493nm transmitance is 50% ± 5%, wavelength error ± 5nm
The 533nm transmitance is 10% ± 5%, wavelength error ± 5nm
The 564nm transmitance is 10% ± 5%, wavelength error ± 5nm
Tritanoid four absorption peak transmitance distribution values are
The 437nm transmitance is 15% ± 10%, wavelength error ± 10nm
The 493nm transmitance is 10% ± 5%, wavelength error ± 5nm
The 533nm transmitance is 8% ± 5%, wavelength error ± 5nm
The 564nm transmitance is 10% ± 5%, wavelength error ± 5nm
2. by the correcting spectacle lens of the described colour anomaly of claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting TiO in order to improve the rete anti-wear performance
2And SiO
2Make Coating Materials.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91111430 CN1043819C (en) | 1991-12-09 | 1991-12-09 | Correcting method and correcting glasses for colour sense abnormal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91111430 CN1043819C (en) | 1991-12-09 | 1991-12-09 | Correcting method and correcting glasses for colour sense abnormal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1073266A CN1073266A (en) | 1993-06-16 |
| CN1043819C true CN1043819C (en) | 1999-06-23 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91111430 Expired - Fee Related CN1043819C (en) | 1991-12-09 | 1991-12-09 | Correcting method and correcting glasses for colour sense abnormal |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1110711C (en) * | 1998-07-24 | 2003-06-04 | 长春科利尔光学制品有限公司 | Resin glasses able to correct colour vision by reduce concave reflection |
| AU2007253839B2 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2013-11-28 | Essilor International (Compagnie Generale D'optique) | High-order aberration correction for optimization of human visual function |
| CN103403184A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2013-11-20 | 劳伦特·亚历山大 | Method to obtain optical means adapted to a human individual suffering or susceptible to suffer from one or more genetic related eye disorder(s) or disease(s) |
| KR102185566B1 (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2020-12-02 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | Filters to enhance color discrimination for color vision deficient individuals |
| CN106249406B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2019-05-14 | 陈晓冬 | Improve Color perception and corrects the artificial intelligence lens and design method of colour blindness anomalous trichromatism vision |
| CN106326582A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-11 | 喻阳 | Optical device design method for optimizing human color vision perception, spectrum and brightness measuring method |
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- 1991-12-09 CN CN 91111430 patent/CN1043819C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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