CN104378665A - Distributed transcoding system and method based on digital television - Google Patents
Distributed transcoding system and method based on digital television Download PDFInfo
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- CN104378665A CN104378665A CN201410683153.0A CN201410683153A CN104378665A CN 104378665 A CN104378665 A CN 104378665A CN 201410683153 A CN201410683153 A CN 201410683153A CN 104378665 A CN104378665 A CN 104378665A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
- H04N21/234309—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by transcoding between formats or standards, e.g. from MPEG-2 to MPEG-4 or from Quicktime to Realvideo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
- H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
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Abstract
The invention discloses a distributed transcoding system and method based on a digital television. The system comprises a content source storage server, transcoding scheduling servers, a transcoding server cluster and a content integration storage server, wherein the content source storage server is used for storing source content files of media information content in a slice mode; the transcoding scheduling servers are used for configuring the sizes and the number of slices stored in the source content files and issuing scheduling tasks to the transcoding server cluster so that the slices of the source content files can be read in the transcoding server cluster; transcoded slices are controlled to be reconstructed to form complete files of the media information content, and the complete files are read in the content integration storage server; the transcoding server cluster comprises one or more transcoding nodes which are used for transcoding the slices according to the scheduling tasks; the content integration storage server is used for storing the complete files of the media information content. The distributed transcoding system and method have the advantages that idle resources of a VOD system are effectively utilized, the idleness ratio of equipment is greatly lowered, transcoding efficiency is improved, and system construction cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of digital televisions, in particular to a distributed transcoding system and a distributed transcoding method based on a digital television.
Background
Currently, cable interactive digital television systems will build a content syndication platform due to business needs. The method has the advantages that the PB (Peerbyte) -level cloud storage is adopted, massive Internet videos and personal videos are aggregated, in order to realize the storage and the broadcasting of multi-source videos in a cable interactive digital television network, the massive contents need to be transcoded, the existing transcoding server computing resources catch the witness, the cost is greatly increased by simply expanding the capacity, and according to the watching habits of television users, a large amount of background idle resources exist in the system network in part of time and are not effectively utilized. The original transcoding technology cannot meet the requirements, and meanwhile, a large amount of idle computing resources also provide conditions for the new technology in the scheme.
Existing transcoding techniques
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a transcoding system of a cable interactive digital television in the prior art, and a conventional transcoding technology is a streaming type, and a dedicated transcoding server is adopted, deployed in a cluster manner, and transcoding is used as one step of a content integration process without a customized scheduling method. After the content is edited and checked and stored in the content source server, the transcoding server reads in the transcoding and stores the transcoded content in the content integration server, and finally the content management system schedules and releases the transcoded content to the CDN (content delivery network) for storage.
Resource usage statistics in existing networks
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a graph of user session numbers of a VOD system per day, in which the abscissa represents the time of day, and the ordinate represents the user session numbers of on-line on-demand at a certain time, it can be known through simple data analysis that the user session numbers at a certain time period of a day are far lower than the session numbers of the peak, when the user on-demand numbers are in the low time period, the occupancy rates of the CPU and the IO resources of the devices are low, and a series of background devices such as the streaming device, the user session management device, and the like are in an idle state as a whole. This provides the necessary conditions for the present solution.
When the conventional transcoding technology faces the current situation of massive aggregated videos, the following problems exist:
1) due to the fact that transcoding tasks are multiple, a large number of transcoding servers are needed to participate in transcoding work, an existing server cluster cannot meet requirements, and system construction budget can be greatly increased through simple capacity expansion.
2) The scheduling method is fixed and rigid, and cannot adapt to the network environment with constantly changing flow.
3) The storage of massive videos consumes a large amount of storage resources, and the budget is increased by using a traditional storage server, so that the storage server cannot adapt to the requirements.
4) According to the watching habits of television users, a large amount of background idle resources exist in a system network in part of time and are not effectively utilized. And this part of the resources can be efficiently utilized for transcoding.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a distributed transcoding system and method based on digital television, aiming at the problems in the prior art that a server cluster cannot meet requirements, a scheduling method cannot adapt to a network environment with constantly changing traffic, a storage server increases budget, and a large amount of background idle resources are not effectively utilized.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: constructing a distributed transcoding system based on a digital television, which is characterized by comprising a content source storage server, a content integration storage server, a transcoding server cluster and a transcoding scheduling server, wherein the transcoding server cluster is deployed through a cloud storage server; wherein,
the content source storage server is used for storing source content files of the media asset content in a slicing mode;
the transcoding scheduling server is used for configuring the size and the number of the slices stored in the source content file and issuing a scheduling task to the transcoding server cluster to enable the slices of the source content file to be read into the transcoding server cluster; controlling the transcoded slice recombination to form a complete file of the media asset content, and writing the complete file into the content integration storage server;
the transcoding server cluster comprises one to more transcoding nodes, and the one to more transcoding nodes are used for transcoding the slices according to the scheduling task;
and the content integration storage server is used for storing the complete file of the media asset content.
In the distributed transcoding system of the invention, the distributed transcoding system further comprises a content distribution storage server and a content management system; wherein,
the content distribution storage server is used for publishing the complete file of the media asset content to a content distribution network;
the content management system is used for managing and controlling metadata of a source content file of the media asset content, obtaining slices of the source content file, traversing the transcoding nodes, extracting any idle node of the transcoding nodes, and allocating tasks to the transcoding scheduling server.
In the distributed transcoding system of the present invention, the transcoding scheduling server comprises scheduling nodes and slicing and recombining components; wherein,
the scheduling node is used for distributing the acquired slices to the extracted idle nodes according to the assigned tasks, and the idle nodes transcode the slices; writing the complete file of the media asset content into the content integration storage server;
and the slicing and recombining component is used for slicing the source content file and recombining the transcoded slices into a complete file of the media asset content.
In the distributed transcoding system, the slicing and recombining component comprises a slicing subcomponent, a recombining subcomponent and a cloud storage slicing scheduling server; wherein,
the slicing subassembly is used for cutting the source content file of the media asset content into slices and returning the cut slices to the cloud storage slice scheduling server;
the restructuring subcomponent is used for restructuring the transcoded slices into a complete file of the media asset content and returning the complete file to the cloud storage slice scheduling server;
and the cloud storage slice scheduling server is used for sending the returned slices and the complete file to the scheduling node.
In the distributed transcoding system of the present invention, the transcoding scheduling server further comprises a priority calculation module;
the priority calculating moduleThe method is used for acquiring n parameters of the media asset content according to the metadata of the source content file of the media asset content: x is the number of1，x2，...xn(ii) a Respectively setting n corresponding weights for the n parameters: w is a1，w2，...wn(ii) a And respectively setting n corresponding discrete functions for the n parameters: f. of1(x1)，f2(x2)，...fn(xn) (ii) a Setting personal upload flag xpUploading the weight y by a person; setting a transcoding priority P:
in the distributed transcoding system of the present invention, the n parameters at least include a user click rate, a recommendation level, a video maximum on-demand amount, a resolution, and a code rate.
In the distributed transcoding system of the present invention, the content management system is further configured to set a transcoding queue according to the transcoding priority P, and assign the task according to the transcoding queue.
In the distributed transcoding system of the present invention, the content management system is further configured to establish a resource list, where the resource list is used to record resource information and scheduling thresholds of one or more transcoding nodes in the transcoding server cluster; and is further configured to extract the free node according to the resource list.
In the distributed transcoding system, the transcoding scheduling server further comprises a resource information reporting module;
and the resource information reporting module is used for acquiring the resource use conditions of one or more transcoding nodes in the transcoding server cluster according to a preset time interval.
In another aspect, a distributed transcoding method based on digital television is provided, including:
storing a source content file of media asset content in a slicing mode, and configuring the size and the number of slices stored in the source content file;
releasing a scheduling task;
reading in a slice of the source content file;
transcoding the slice according to the scheduling task;
controlling the transcoded slices to be recombined to form a complete file of the media asset content;
and writing and storing the complete file of the media asset content.
The distributed transcoding system and method based on the digital television have the following beneficial effects: the cluster soft transcoding capability is enhanced, the transcoding requirement of a mass video of a convergence platform is met, the transcoding cannot become the bottleneck of content distribution, the participation of transcoding hardware is not needed, the space and resources are saved to a certain extent, and the cost is saved. The idle resources of the VOD system are effectively utilized, and the idle rate of the equipment is greatly reduced. The architecture has very high transverse expandability, and when the expansion is needed, the hardware configuration of a single device is not basically improved, and the devices in any network can participate in the operation at any time. The distributed transcoding single equipment has small transcoding slice and flexible scheduling, and the overall performance is basically not influenced by single-point failure. The fault tolerance is very high. The conventional streaming content processing is eliminated, the content processing mode is more flexible and changeable, and the processing efficiency of the whole VOD system is enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital television transcoding system in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a graph of digital television user session volume;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a server deployment provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed transcoding system based on digital television according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed transcoding system based on digital television according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a block diagram of the transcoding scheduling server provided in the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a distributed transcoding method based on digital television according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of the present invention for assigning transcoding tasks;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of transcoding node scheduling provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a distributed transcoding system and method based on digital television, its purpose lies in, will change the surplus computational resource of time change in the network effectively to utilize, the system deployment is as shown in figure 3, figure 3 is the schematic diagram of server deployment that the invention provides, the apparatus participating in transcoding in the figure all belongs to existing cable television VOD system, distribute the cache apparatus for CDN (content distribution network) cache, VSS (video Stream Server) is the video and pushes away the flow server, ISS (Internet Stream Server) is the video that is based on IP and pushes away the flow server, MAP is the unified session management server, USM is the unified resource management server. And the devices are combined through a network, and are uniformly controlled by the transcoding scheduling nodes which are main and standby together with the cloud storage server which is originally responsible for storage and transcoding, so that the system deployment is formed.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed transcoding system 100 based on a digital television according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the distributed transcoding system 100 includes a content source storage server 1, a content integration storage server 4, a transcoding server cluster 3 deployed through a cloud storage server, and a transcoding scheduling server 2; wherein,
the content source storage server 1 is used for storing source content files of media asset contents in a slicing mode; the content source storage server 1 virtualizes space obtained by cloud storage, stores source content files which are not transcoded and stores the source content files in a slicing mode, slicing work is finished by the cloud storage server, and the size and the number of slices are configured by a transcoding scheduling node.
The transcoding scheduling server 2 is configured to configure the size and the number of the slices stored in the source content file, and issue a scheduling task to the transcoding server cluster 3 to read the slices of the source content file into the transcoding server cluster 3; controlling the transcoded slice recombination to form a complete file of the media asset content, and writing the complete file into the content integration storage server 4; referring to fig. 3, two servers in the network deploy transcoding scheduling software (i.e., transcoding scheduling server 2) as primary and secondary servers, and serve as scheduling roles. The functions are mainly as follows:
a) a scheduling resource pool is maintained, and the resource allocation for scheduling can be manually intervened;
b) a scheduling system configuration table is maintained, and the parameter configuration of the transcoding scheduling server 2 can be manually intervened;
c) when the transcoding resources in the current network environment are insufficient, the transcoding task queues up and the transcoding queue needs to be maintained.
d) And generating, setting and managing the transcoding priority.
e) File slicing, and management and control of recombination.
f) And (5) reporting strategy management and reporting information collection.
The transcoding server cluster 3 comprises one to more transcoding nodes, and the transcoding nodes are used for transcoding the slices according to the scheduling task; one or more transcoding nodes (i.e. transcoding node 1, transcoding node 2, and transcoding node 3 … … in fig. 1) are servers in the network where transcoding software is deployed, and according to the rules set forth in this patent, the transcoding scheduling node is tasked to read slices from the content source storage and transcode them. And writing the transcoded slices into the content integration storage.
And the content integration storage server 4 is used for storing the complete file of the media asset content. The content integration storage server 4 virtualizes the space obtained by cloud storage, before the content is not sent to the VOD distribution system, the content is integrated in the content integration storage and waits for being released on shelf, the media asset content at the moment needs to be merged into a complete file, and the merging work is completed by the cloud storage server.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a distributed transcoding system based on digital television according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the previous embodiment in that the distributed transcoding system further includes a content distribution storage server 5 and a content management system 6; wherein,
the content distribution storage server 5 is used for publishing the complete file of the media asset content to a content distribution network; the content delivery storage server 5 virtualizes the space obtained by the cloud storage, and the content is finally injected into the content delivery storage according to an a3 interface in the NGOD specification, belonging to a CDN subsystem in a VOD system.
The content management system 6 is configured to manage metadata of a source content file of the media asset content, acquire a slice of the source content file, traverse the one or more transcoding nodes, extract any idle node of the one or more transcoding nodes, and thus assign a task to the transcoding scheduling server 2. The content management system 6: the module in the existing VOD system is responsible for managing and controlling metadata of contents, scheduling storage, auditing, transcoding, releasing and other functions of the contents. The content management system 6 is further configured to establish a resource list, where the resource list is used to record resource information and scheduling thresholds of one or more transcoding nodes in the transcoding server cluster 3; and is further configured to extract the free node according to the resource list.
Each transcoding task issued by a content management system 6(CMS) is transmitted to a transcoding scheduling server 2, the transcoding scheduling server 2 calls a slicing component to divide the task through a cloud storage slicing scheduling engine (namely a cloud storage slicing scheduling server 223), then the task is transmitted to each transcoding node server to be transcoded, after transcoding is completed, the transcoding nodes submit transcoding results upwards to the transcoding scheduling server 2, and the scheduling server calls a recombination component to reassemble each small task to finally obtain a complete program.
In summary, in fig. 5, a media asset content storage 401 is stored in a content source storage server 1, media asset content slices in the content source storage server 1 are read in 402 to each transcoding node, a transcoding scheduling server 2 controls 403 the content source storage server 1 to perform slice writing and under-slice recombination after transcoding, the transcoding nodes are written in 404 to a content integration storage server 4 after being recombined, in addition, the transcoding scheduling server 2 schedules 405 an idle transcoding node in a transcoding server cluster 3 to perform transcoding, a scheduling task of the idle transcoding node is issued 406 through a content management system 6, the content management system 6 also manages 407 storage of media asset content, and a complete file is finally injected 408 into a content distribution storage server 5 from the content integration storage server 4.
Correspondingly, in fig. 3, a transcoding slice read-write relationship exists between other configurable servers and a cloud storage server (i.e., cloud storage 1-n), transcoding slice read-write also exists between the cloud storage and a content distribution network (i.e., distribution cache, VSS, ISS, MAP, and USM), the other configurable servers, the cloud storage server, and the content distribution network respectively perform resource control on a transcoding scheduling server 2 (including a master server and a slave server), and the transcoding scheduling server 2 responds to the resource control and respectively distributes scheduling tasks.
In summary, the transcoding scheduling node needs to configure the data as follows
1. Slice file header identification
The media asset slice file comprises an identification file header for identifying slices, and the data format is as follows:
| parameter name | Description of the invention |
| FileID | Complete file ID for a slice |
| SplitNumber | Number of file slices |
| Offset | Offset position of current slice |
| SerialNumber | Sequence number of current slice |
| IsIncomplete | Whether or not it is smaller than the system minimum slice size |
The IsIncomplite parameter is calculated from the MinFileSize in the content management system 6 configuration. In distributed transcoding, if the size of a file is smaller than a limit value, slicing is performed to increase unnecessary read-write operations, the process is too complicated, the efficiency is reduced, and distributed transcoding is not suitable. Such slices can be involved in two cases: 1, the file size is smaller than a set value MinFileSize; 2, the last piece of the file slice.
2. Transcoding resource pool
The scheduling node 21 maintains a resource pool MemberGroup { }, which records resource information and a scheduling threshold reported by each network resource, and the main configuration parameters are as follows:
theoretically, each node has its own threshold and idle setting, but in practice, the general conditions of the servers are not very different, and uniform setting can be adopted. If some nodes are concerned, the setting can be carried out independently.
3. System configuration table
The table name is SystemConfig, and the main configuration parameters are as follows:
| parameter name | Type (B) | Description of the invention |
| SplitNumber | Unsigned | Configurable number of slices |
| MinFileSize | Unsigned | Minimum size of file slice in MB |
| BusyTime | Datetime | Single wait time when resources are all occupied |
| MaxAttempts | Unsigned | Maximum number of waits when resources are all occupied |
| ReportTime | Datetime | Period of reporting information by device |
| PriorityTable{} | Object | Priority calculation basis table |
4. Transcoding queue
Transcoding queue TranscodingQueue { }: due to the time difference of the transcoding work, when the computing resources in the network are insufficient, the scheduling node 21 maintains the transcoding queue in the content source storage, and the main parameters are as follows:
| parameter name | Type (B) | Description of the invention |
| TaskID | String | Task ID |
| FileID | String | File ID |
| SplitNumber | Unsigned | Number of file slices |
| SourceFilePath{} | String | Storage path for each slice |
| TargetFilePath | String | File storage path after slicing is completed |
| Priority | Unsigned | Task priority |
| SourceFormat | String | Video content encoding format |
| TransCodingFormat | String | Video content transcoding format |
The transcoding priority may be manually configured or, by default, will be automatically assigned by the priority calculation module.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a block diagram of the transcoding scheduling server 2 provided by the present invention, where the transcoding scheduling server 2 includes a scheduling node 21 and a slicing and recombining component 22; wherein,
the scheduling node 21 is configured to allocate the acquired slice to the extracted idle node according to the assigned task, and the idle node transcodes the slice; writing the complete file of the media asset content into the content integration storage server 4;
the slicing and recombining component 22 is configured to slice the source content file and recombine the transcoded slices into a complete file of the media asset content. The slicing and reorganizing component 22 comprises a slicing subcomponent 221, a reorganizing subcomponent 222, and a cloud storage slicing scheduling server 223;
the slicing subcomponent 221 is configured to slice a source content file of the media asset content, and return the sliced slice to the cloud storage slice scheduling server 223;
the restructuring subcomponent 222 is configured to restructure the transcoded slice into a complete file of the media asset content, and return the complete file to the cloud storage slice scheduling server 223;
the cloud storage slice scheduling server 223 is configured to send the returned slices and the complete file to the scheduling node 21.
In fig. 6, the work is performed between the structures in the following order:
601. the transcoding scheduling server 2 (also called a transcoding scheduling node, which provides a service interface to the outside) accepts transcoding tasks issued by a CMS (mainly CMS front-end systems, referred to as "front-end systems").
602. And generating a slice task according to the SplitNumber and MinFileSize parameters in the SystemConfig configuration table, and sending the slice task to a slice scheduling engine (namely the cloud storage slice scheduling server 223).
603. The slice scheduling engine enables the slice task to reach a certain child node (namely a transcoding node) of the cloud storage to be executed.
604. The child node invokes the slice component to make a virtual cut to the file (no file fragments will be generated) and returns the result of the cut to the slice scheduling engine.
605. And the slice scheduling engine returns the slice result to the transcoding scheduling node, and the transcoding scheduling node analyzes and records the result and sends a confirmation message to the slice scheduling engine if the slice result is approved.
606. The actual slices are generated by the slicing subcomponent 221 slicing the file.
607. Distributed transcoding is scheduled by the transcoding scheduling node (the transcoded subfile fragments are stored in a designated cloud storage directory).
608. And the transcoding scheduling node feeds the transcoding progress back to the front-end system in real time.
609. After the transcoding task is completed, the transcoding scheduling node generates a recombination task and sends the recombination task to the slice scheduling engine.
610. And the slice scheduling engine issues the merged subtasks to a certain cloud storage sub-node.
611. And the child node calls the recombination component, the merging task is completed, and the completed result information is returned to the slice scheduling engine (the merged result file can be stored in the designated cloud storage directory, and the previous file fragments can be completely removed).
612. And the slice scheduling engine returns the merged task state to the transcoding scheduling node.
613. And the transcoding scheduling node reports the final state of the transcoding condition to the front-end system.
The transcoding scheduling server 2 further comprises a priority calculating module; the priority calculating module is used for acquiring n parameters of the media asset content according to the metadata of the source content file of the media asset content: x is the number of1，x2，...xnB, carrying out the following steps of; respectively setting n corresponding weights for the n parameters: w is a1，w2，...wn(ii) a And respectively setting n corresponding discrete functions for the n parameters: f. of1(x1)，f2(x2)，...fn(xn) (ii) a Setting personal upload flag xpUploading the weight y by a person; setting a transcoding priority P:
the n parameters at least comprise user click rate, recommendation degree, video maximum click rate, resolution and code rate. In addition, the content management system 6 is further configured to set a transcoding queue according to the transcoding priority P, and dispatch the task according to the transcoding queue.
For example: the transcoding priority setting depends on the metadata information of the content source, the user's on-demand volume, the associated video heat, the resolution, the bit rate, etc. involved in the transcoding, the priority setting can be set according to the following conditions.
1. Setting values by an administrator are prior;
2. the higher the current source video network on-demand volume or recommendation, the higher the priority will be. This is metadata information obtained directly from the network;
3. the current source video has related videos such as television drama and the like, and the higher the on-demand volume of the related videos in the VSS, the higher the priority;
4. the higher the resolution and code rate of the current source video, the higher the priority;
5. for videos uploaded by individuals, the priority level will be set higher than all network videos;
let the user click quantity x1Degree of recommendation x2Maximum amount of relevant video on demand x3Resolution x4Code rate x5Personal upload flag xp{ take the value 0, 1}, the priority P can be simply expressed by the formula:
fn(xn) For a discrete function, the function value is calculated from a configurable table, such as: in the function of the seeding amount, a click constant C is set, and the following calculation table is provided:
the weights P and C in the table and the value y in the formula are all constant and can be set by an administrator as required. Because the numerical value of each parameter is greatly different, the numerical value of each parameter needs to be set separately, and n discrete functions are provided
In addition, the transcoding scheduling server 2 further comprises a resource information reporting module; and the resource information reporting module is configured to obtain resource usage of one or more transcoding nodes in the transcoding server cluster 3 according to a preset time interval. Namely, the scheduling node 21 periodically receives the resource information of each transcoding node, and maintains a resource configuration table MemberGroup { }. The strategy is as follows:
1. the dispatching node 21 provides a device registration interface, the URL of the dispatching node is configured locally in each transcoding node needing to be connected, the resource registration process is completed through the interface in the first communication, and the corresponding transcoding node after registration is recorded into the MemberGroup { }. The transcoding node needs to distinguish between the cloud storage node and the non-cloud storage node.
2. The scheduling node 21 provides a device deletion interface, the transcoding device sends application information or the scheduling node 21 actively sends an exit notification, the scheduling node 21 removes the node information, and the reporting mechanism is terminated. The device is no longer a transcoding node
2. The scheduling node 21 has to set the respective thresholds and idle times of the respective transcoding nodes. If no human setting is made, system defaults will be used.
3. The scheduling node 21 issues configuration parameters, such as ReportTime, to the transcoding node.
4. Under normal conditions: and the transcoding node counts the self resource use condition according to the report time in the SystemConfig and reports the heartbeat.
5. And the non-cloud transcoding node does not participate in the transcoding task or report resources at the time except from Idletime _ Start to Idletime _ End, a transcoding program is suspended, and the scheduling node 21 issues wake-up information and pause information to wake up and pause.
6. And the transcoding scheduling node manages the on-line and off-line states of all the transcoding nodes, the equipment actively communicates or starts to be on-line when idle time is reached, the equipment does not feed back within the specified time after the periodic report overtime or the transcoding task is issued, and the system judges that the transcoding nodes are off-line without scheduling until the equipment sends the connection message again.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a flowchart of a distributed transcoding method based on a digital television according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the distributed transcoding method includes the following steps:
s1, storing a source content file of the media asset content in a slicing mode, and configuring the size and the number of slices stored in the source content file;
s2, releasing a scheduling task;
s3, reading the slice of the source content file;
s4, transcoding the slice according to the scheduling task;
s5, controlling the transcoded slice to be recombined to form a complete file of the media asset content;
and S6, writing and storing the complete file of the media asset content.
Referring to fig. 8, the issue scheduling task allocation policy in step S2, fig. 8 is a flowchart of assigning a transcoding task provided by the present invention, where the flowchart is as follows:
1. without any task, the scheduling node 21 is in a wait state.
2. When a new task is issued in the transcoding queue, the scheduling node 21 takes out the task with the highest priority from the transcoding queue for scheduling.
3. Scheduling node 21 obtains a file slice from the task. If the slices are processed, the tasks which are finished at present in the queue can be cleared, and the next task is extracted; if there are remaining slices, the next slice is taken out.
4. After the slice is obtained, the scheduling node 21 obtains the transcoding node from the resource pool, and when all nodes are traversed and no node meets the condition currently, the scheduling node 21 waits for a time of BusyTime to traverse again, and the parameter can be configured in the configuration table. If there are still no free nodes, wait for a BusyTime. Repeating the above steps, and repeating MaxAttempts, and then selecting the abandoning strategy. The direct on wait state starts the next task because during this wait time there may be a higher priority task coming. Tasks that were not completed may continue to be queued in the queue until they are selected again.
5. In any link in the previous step, the obtained transcoding node is firstly judged whether to be a cloud storage node, if so, the transcoding node directly judges whether CPU and RAM resources of the transcoding node meet the idle requirement, and if so, the transcoding task is assigned to the transcoding node. The cloud node has no other business requirements, and can be put into transcoding work completely, so that time distribution is not needed. The judgment condition is
CPULoad＜CPULoadThresholdValue＾RAMUsed＜RAMUsedThresholdValue
6. If the node is a non-cloud storage cloud node, it may be cache distribution, VSS, ISS, MAP, USM or other service devices, and in a time period when the user demand amount is relatively high, it is impossible to participate in the transcoding task, so that it needs to determine whether the current time is in an idle time range. The time range is IdleTime _ Start to IdleTime _ End in the configuration file.
Referring to fig. 9 for a specific process of steps S3-S6 shown in fig. 7, fig. 9 is a flowchart of transcoding node scheduling provided by the present invention, and after a transcoding task is assigned, the transcoding node obtains task configuration information and slice information to obtain SourceFilePath and TargetFilePath parameters, so that the parameters can be directly read and written by interacting with cloud storage for input and output, see steps S1-S4 in fig. 9. There are, however, three main differences
1. After successful transcoding, the transcoding node sends a correct return to the scheduling node 21 to inform that transcoding is successful, and then writes the file after successful transcoding into content integrated storage. The scheduling node 21 needs to identify the file slices that are transcoded successfully in the task, and if the task is interrupted due to insufficient resources, it needs to know which slices are completed when the task is restarted next time. See steps S5-S9 in FIG. 9.
2. If transcoding is not successful for some reason, the transcoding node sends an error back, the scheduling node 21 will invalidate the scheduling, and the slice will also be rescheduled back in the queue. See steps S10-S12 in FIG. 9.
3. If the transcoding service is interrupted or the network is interrupted, when the transcoding scheduling node still cannot receive feedback for a period of time, the node is considered to be offline, and then the scheduling node 21 reschedules the slice, and sets the node device which cannot receive feedback to be offline. See steps S13-S16 in FIG. 9.
The strategy for transcoding by effectively utilizing the idle computing resources of the plug flow related equipment according to the user on-demand rule of the cable television VOD system is provided by the invention. Meanwhile, the high openness and high extensibility provided by the architecture and the resource management and control strategy in the technical scheme are adopted to provide the cable television VOD system architecture. In addition, the transcoding task can be sliced through a scheduling strategy in the technical scheme, queued and distributed to each node of the cable television VOD system.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A distributed transcoding system based on a digital television is characterized by comprising a content source storage server, a content integration storage server, a transcoding server cluster and a transcoding scheduling server, wherein the transcoding server cluster is deployed through a cloud storage server; wherein,
the content source storage server is used for storing source content files of the media asset content in a slicing mode;
the transcoding scheduling server is used for configuring the size and the number of the slices stored in the source content file and issuing a scheduling task to the transcoding server cluster to enable the slices of the source content file to be read into the transcoding server cluster; controlling the transcoded slice recombination to form a complete file of the media asset content, and writing the complete file into the content integration storage server;
the transcoding server cluster comprises one to more transcoding nodes, and the one to more transcoding nodes are used for transcoding the slices according to the scheduling task;
and the content integration storage server is used for storing the complete file of the media asset content.
2. The distributed transcoding system of claim 1, wherein the distributed transcoding system further comprises a content distribution storage server and a content management system; wherein,
the content distribution storage server is used for publishing the complete file of the media asset content to a content distribution network;
the content management system is used for managing and controlling metadata of a source content file of the media asset content, acquiring a slice of the source content file, traversing the one to more transcoding nodes, extracting any idle node in the one to more transcoding nodes, and allocating a task to the transcoding scheduling server.
3. The distributed transcoding system of claim 2, wherein the transcoding schedule server comprises a scheduling node and a slicing and reassembly component; wherein,
the scheduling node is used for distributing the acquired slices to the extracted idle nodes according to the assigned tasks, and the idle nodes transcode the slices; writing the complete file of the media asset content into the content integration storage server;
and the slicing and recombining component is used for slicing the source content file and recombining the transcoded slices into a complete file of the media asset content.
4. The distributed transcoding system of claim 3, wherein the slice and reassembly component comprises a slice subcomponent, a reassembly subcomponent, and a cloud storage slice scheduling server; wherein,
the slicing subassembly is used for cutting the source content file of the media asset content into slices and returning the cut slices to the cloud storage slice scheduling server;
the restructuring subcomponent is used for restructuring the transcoded slices into a complete file of the media asset content and returning the complete file to the cloud storage slice scheduling server;
and the cloud storage slice scheduling server is used for sending the returned slices and the complete file to the scheduling node.
5. The distributed transcoding system of claim 3, wherein the transcoding schedule server further comprises a priority calculation module;
the priority calculating module is used for acquiring n parameters of the media asset content according to the metadata of the source content file of the media asset content: x is the number of1，x2，...xn(ii) a Respectively setting n corresponding weights for the n parameters: w is a1，w2，...wn(ii) a And respectively setting n corresponding discrete functions for the n parameters: f. of1(x1)，f2(x2)，...fn(xn) (ii) a Setting personal upload flag xpUploading the weight y by a person; setting a transcoding priority P:
6. the distributed transcoding system of claim 5, wherein the n parameters comprise at least a user click rate, a recommendation level, a video maximum click-through amount, a resolution, and a bitrate.
7. The distributed transcoding system of claim 6, wherein the content management system is further configured to set a transcoding queue according to the transcoding priority P, and to dispatch the task according to the transcoding queue.
8. The distributed transcoding system of claim 3, wherein the content management system is further configured to establish a resource list, and the resource list is used to record resource information and scheduling thresholds of one or more transcoding nodes in the transcoding server cluster; and is further configured to extract the free node according to the resource list.
9. The distributed transcoding system of claim 3, wherein the transcoding scheduling server further comprises a resource information reporting module;
and the resource information reporting module is used for acquiring the resource use conditions of one or more transcoding nodes in the transcoding server cluster according to a preset time interval.
10. A distributed transcoding method based on digital television is characterized by comprising the following steps:
storing a source content file of media asset content in a slicing mode, and configuring the size and the number of slices stored in the source content file;
releasing a scheduling task;
reading in a slice of the source content file;
transcoding the slice according to the scheduling task;
controlling the transcoded slices to be recombined to form a complete file of the media asset content;
and writing and storing the complete file of the media asset content.
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