CN104376965A - Megavolt-level induction cavity for generating multiple pulses in bursting mode by means of low-remanence-ratio magnetic cores - Google Patents

Megavolt-level induction cavity for generating multiple pulses in bursting mode by means of low-remanence-ratio magnetic cores Download PDF

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CN104376965A
CN104376965A CN201410653360.1A CN201410653360A CN104376965A CN 104376965 A CN104376965 A CN 104376965A CN 201410653360 A CN201410653360 A CN 201410653360A CN 104376965 A CN104376965 A CN 104376965A
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cavity
induction cavity
magnetic core
insulation
magnetic cores
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CN104376965B (en
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孙凤举
魏浩
王志国
邱爱慈
曾江涛
尹佳辉
梁天学
姜晓峰
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Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology
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Abstract

The invention provides a megavolt-level induction cavity for generating multiple pulses in a bursting mode by means of low-remanence-ratio magnetic cores. The megavolt-level induction cavity comprises a cavity body, an inner barrel, the magnetic cores, a cathode body and a high-voltage insulator stack, the inner barrel is located in the cavity body, the inner barrel and the cavity body are coaxially arranged, the inner barrel, the cathode body and the high-voltage insulator stack are sequentially arranged in the cavity body in the axial direction of the cavity body, the magnetic cores are arranged around the inner barrel, the area between the outer wall of the high-voltage insulator stack and the inner wall of the cavity body of the induction cavity is an induction cavity primary area, the area in the high-voltage insulator stack is an induction cavity secondary area, Br/Bs of the low-remanence-ratio magnetic cores of the induction cavity is less than 0.15, no extra magnetic core is needed for resetting and isolating circuits, the magnetic cores can automatically return to original positions within a pulse interval, the voltage seconds of the magnetic cores can be repeatedly utilized, and the induction cavity can generate the multiple pulses in the bursting mode at MHz repetition frequency as long as the voltage seconds of the magnetic cores are higher than the voltage second integral of each individual pulse. Compared with a traditional induction cavity with high-remanence-ratio magnetic cores, the megavolt-level induction cavity has the advantages that the utilization efficiency of the magnetic cores can be remarkably improved, and the number and the economic cost of the magnetic cores are reduced.

Description

The low remanence ratio magnetic core of a kind of employing, the multipulse megavolt level induction cavity of generation of bursting
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of induction cavity of induced voltage superimposer (induction voltage adder, IVA), operating voltage 1 ~ 1.5MV.
Background technology
High energy pulse X ray spark photograph can have an X-rayed the structure of high-speed motion material, state and evolutionary process, be the important diagnostic tool of the high speed transient processes such as High Performance, Fragmentation hydrodynamic calculations, also can be used for the transient process research in the fields such as plasma physics, material, biology, medical science.The development trend of flash X ray diffraction is the pulse train adopting certain hour interval, carries out multiple-pulse photograph to target detonation process.All trying to explore and developing multiple-pulse x-ray source both at home and abroad, mainly comprising linear induction accelerator (Linearinduction accelerator, LIA) and induced voltage superimposer (Induction voltage adder, IVA).The linear induction accelerator DARHT-II of Los Alamos National Laboratory of the U.S., employing is played the electron beam of bundle device to pulsewidth about 1.6 μ s and is cut, final generation 4 pulsewidth 50ns beam pulses.China Engineering Physics Research Institute " Dragon Lord No. two " linear induction accelerator also accelerates three electron beam groups respectively in exploration, realizes three pulses and exports.But produce multiple-pulse X-ray radiography based on LIA technology, pulse interval modulation is limited in scope (interval is generally hundreds of nanosecond), and LIA accelerating cavity operating voltage low (generally about 200 ~ 300kV), acceleration component quantity is many, and system is huge, and cost is higher.IVA induction cavity operating voltage high (voltage 1 ~ 1.5MV), induction cavity quantity is few, and the generation of electron beam, focusing and target practice all complete in the strong-focusing diode of superimposer end, do not relate to electron beam focus at a distance and transmit a difficult problem, there is the advantages such as structure is simple, size is little, cost is low.Therefore, build multiple-pulse spark photograph x-ray source based on IVA technology and there is certain technical advantage.
When IVA is operated in multiple-pulse output mode, require that induction cavity possesses MHz repetition and to burst fan-out capability.In induction cavity, most critical parts are exactly core material, require that magnetic core all can not be saturated in continuous multiple pulse output time.Pulse exports IVA induction cavity, the high remanence ratio of general employing (residue time induction cavity intensity B r/ saturation induction density B s>0.85) amorphous state magnet ring.When induction cavity be operated in burst multi-pulse mode time, require to reset to magnetic core within the Microsecond grade pulse spacing, technical difficulty is large, is generally difficult to realize, and magnetic core volt-seconds value cannot be reused.Therefore, in order to avoid magnetic core is saturated, high remanence ratio magnetic core is adopted if continue, magnetic core Flux consumption must be greater than several pulse voltagesecond product point sum, add core cross section sum quantity, significantly reduce magnetic core service efficiency, this not only increases induction cavity physical dimension, add Financial cost, also limit and export multipulse number.Now, if induction cavity can adopt low remanence ratio (Br/Bs<0.15) magnetic core, and low remanence ratio magnetic core can within the pulse spacing of Microsecond grade Self-resetting, so just can solve multiple-pulse induction cavity magnetic core volt-seconds value recycling problem.Therefore, only need magnetic core Flux consumption to be greater than the weber integration of individual pulse, magnetic core just all can not be saturated under continuous multiple impulse action, greatly improves magnetic core utilization ratio, reduces induction cavity size.
Summary of the invention
In order to the IVA induction cavity solving existing high remanence ratio magnet ring be operated in multiple-pulse output mode time, magnetic core service efficiency is low, the problems such as induction cavity physical dimension is large, Financial cost is high, the present invention proposes the low remanence ratio magnetic core of a kind of employing, bursting produces multipulse megavolt level induction cavity.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
One is burst and is produced multipulse megavolt level induction cavity, comprise cavity, be positioned at cavity and the coaxially arranged inner core of cavity, magnetic core, cathode and High-Voltage Insulation are piled, described inner core, cathode and High-Voltage Insulation heap are axially arranged in cavity successively along cavity, described magnetic core is arranged around inner core, region between described High-Voltage Insulation heap outer wall and the cavity inner wall of induction cavity is induction cavity primary area, region in described High-Voltage Insulation heap is induction cavity secondary region
Its special character is: described induction cavity adopts low surplus than magnetic core, and magnetic core remanence ratio is less than 0.15, and magnetic core can automatically reset within the pulse spacing, and magnetic core Flux consumption is greater than the weber integration of the individual pulse of feed-in induction cavity.
Above-mentioned High-Voltage Insulation heap adopts multistage heap formula structure, is made up of along the axial cascade successively of cavity multiple metal grading ring and multiple insulation subring; Metal grading ring arranges axial projections in the side with insulation subring toe contact, and insulation subring is provided with groove in corresponding position, and metal grading ring forms the structure of inlaying by the axial projections being arranged on self with the groove in insulation subring.
The shape of cross section of above-mentioned axial projections is rectangle.
The height h of above-mentioned axial projections is about 1/8 ~ 1/4 of insulator ring thickness d.
The outward flange of above-mentioned metal grading ring is also provided with radial projection, and the inner side of described radial projection is close to the periphery of both sides insulation subring.
The shape of cross section of above-mentioned radial projection is arc-shaped or semicircle.
The medial surface of above-mentioned metal grading ring is the arc surface to inwardly projecting.
Above-mentioned induction cavity primary area adopts liquid medium insulation, and induction cavity secondary region is vacuum.
Domestic iron based nano crystal selected by above-mentioned magnetic core, residual magnetic flux density magnetic B r=0.15T, saturation induction density B s=1.25T.
Compared with prior art, advantage is in the present invention:
1, the present invention proposes low remanence ratio magnetic core (Br/Bs<0.15) induction cavity of a kind of employing, reset and buffer circuit without the need to extra magnetic core, magnetic core can automatically reset within the pulse spacing, magnetic core Flux consumption can reuse, only need magnetic core Flux consumption to be greater than the weber integration of individual pulse, induction cavity just can be burst generation multiple-pulse with MHz repetition rate.Compared to the high remanence ratio of tradition (Br/Bs>0.85) magnetic core induction cavity, magnetic core service efficiency can be significantly improved, reduce magnetic core number and Financial cost.
2, the present invention adopts the High-Voltage Insulation pile structure of one " grading ring anode is embedded ", increases insulation heap edge flashing voltage, improves tolerance operating voltage and the reliability of multiple-pulse IVA induction cavity.
3, induction cavity of the present invention, exports the impact that multipulse number is no longer subject to magnetic core volt-seconds value and quantity.Because magnetic core can automatically reset within interpulse period, as long as be followed successively by the N number of pulse of induction cavity feed-in, induction cavity just can export N number of pulse and can not be saturated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the IVA induction cavity structural representation adopting low remanent magnetism magnetic core;
Fig. 2 High-Voltage Insulation heap partial view;
Fig. 3 is the oscillogram of 3 high-voltage pulses of feed-in induction cavity successively;
Fig. 4 be single feed-in pulse and weber integration schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 be induction cavity output pulse waveform with feed-in impulse waveform compare schematic diagram;
Wherein: 1-cavity, 2-High-Voltage Insulation heap, 3-cathode, 4-nylon pull bar, 5-angle transmission line, 6-magnetic core, 7-inner core, 8-metal grading ring, 9-insulate subring, 10-induction cavity primary area, 11-induction cavity secondary region, 12-axial projections, 13-radial projection, 14-to the arc surface of inwardly projecting.
Embodiment
Below from principle of the present invention, the present invention is elaborated.
The present invention adopts low remanence ratio magnetic core to replace the high remanence ratio magnetic core previously usually adopted, and low remanence ratio magnetic core can by saturation induction density B within the pulse spacing sautomatically reset to residual magnetic flux density B rnamely the incremental magnetic induction Δ B of magnetic core can reuse under multiple pulse, so only need magnetic core Flux consumption to be greater than the weber integration of individual pulse, magnetic core all can not be saturated under continuous multiple impulse action, which greatly improves the magnetic core utilization ratio that multiple-pulse exports IVA induction cavity.
The key that multiple-pulse IVA induction cavity involved in the present invention is implemented is, low remanence ratio magnetic core (can usually be less than 1 μ s) within extremely short pulse spacing Rapid reset is to initial magnetization state (residual magnetic flux density Br).In fact, magnetic core self-resetting capability depends primarily on the pulse permeability of energized circuit connected mode and core material.When magnetic core is in the pulsed field magnetization stage, stored energy in magnetic core; When excitation terminates, magnetic core coil is equivalent to current source, and in magnetic core, stored energy needs to be discharged by external circuit.Magnetic core stored energy discharges completely, and exciting current gets back to the time of null value, is exactly the moment of magnetic core Self-resetting to remanent magnetism Br.Therefore, external circuit load impedance is higher, and the bucking voltage amplitude at magnetic core two ends is larger, and the speed that magnetic core releases energy is faster, and the time returning to remanent magnetism needs is shorter; When simultaneously magnetic core pulse permeability is less, magnetic core coil hinders the ability of curent change more weak, then exciting current return to zero time shorter, the magnetic core Self-resetting time is also shorter.The core material suitable by optimum choice and magnetic core technique for coiling, and field circuit reasonable in design, the self-recoverage time of core material can be less than 1 μ s.At present, the low remanence ratio magnetic core Self-resetting shortest time of bibliographical information is less than 500ns.Therefore, the induction cavity mentioned by the present invention can realize.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are elaborated.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, of the present invention bursting exports multipulse megavolt level induction cavity, comprises cavity 1, is positioned at cavity and the coaxially arranged inner core 7 of cavity, magnetic core 6, cathode 3 and High-Voltage Insulation pile 2.Inner core, cathode and High-Voltage Insulation heap are axially arranged successively along cavity, and magnetic core is arranged around inner core.Region between High-Voltage Insulation heap outer wall and induction cavity inwall is induction cavity primary area 10, and the region in High-Voltage Insulation heap is induction cavity secondary region 11.
Domestic iron based nano crystal selected by induction cavity magnetic core, residual magnetic flux density magnetic B r=0.15T, saturation induction density B s=1.25T, remanence ratio B r/ B s<0.12, incremental magnetic induction Δ B=B s-B r=1.1T, core material duty ratio k ≈ 0.7.Eight (external diameter is about 970mm) magnet rings are used, magnetic core net sectional area S in induction cavity o=770cm 2, the Flux swing that magnetic core can provide is about 85mVS.
Three pulses are exported for induction cavity.Prime multipulse generator produces 3 amplitudes and is about 1MV, and pulsewidth is about the electric pulse of 60ns, and the pulse spacing is 1 μ s.Fig. 3 is by 3 pulses of the generation of prime multiple-pulse generator, successively feed-in induction cavity.Fig. 4 be time scale amplify after individual pulse and weber integration, can find out that the weber integration of individual pulse is about 80mVS, be less than the Flux consumption of induction cavity inner magnetic core, therefore magnetic core can not be saturated within each pulse duration.
For above magnetic core parameter, set up induction cavity Three dimensional transient electromagnetic model, calculate induction cavity and export pulse, as shown in Figure 5.Induction cavity exports the electric pulse that 3 amplitudes are about 920kV, and compared to feed-in pulse, induction cavity exports pulse and approximately postpones 25ns, and pulse front edge slows down slightly, and amplitude reduces slightly, and it is identical with the feed-in pulse spacing that induction cavity exports the pulse spacing, is 1 μ s.
According to traditional high remanence ratio magnetic core, can only reset to magnetic core before first pulse arrives, cannot reset in the pulse spacing, this Flux consumption requiring magnetic core to provide is 3 × 80=240mVS.For high remanence ratio Amorphous Cores, residual magnetic flux density B r≈ 1.0T, saturation induction density B s=1.25T, incremental magnetic induction Δ B=B s+ B r=2.25T.Can calculate, need the net sectional area S=1500cm of magnetic core 2, compared with the induction cavity proposed with the present invention, core cross section is long-pending to be increased more than one times, and this will cause induction cavity physical dimension to enlarge markedly.As can be seen here, the induction cavity of the low remanence ratio magnetic core of employing proposed by the invention, has obvious advantage in multiple-pulse operation of bursting.
When IVA induction cavity works in multiple-pulse output mode, to induction cavity built-in electrical insulation, particularly High-Voltage Insulation heap is had higher requirement.The present invention proposes the heap formula insulation system of one " embedding of grading ring anode " formula, metal grading ring 8 anode-side is embedded in insulation subring, reduce the electric field strength of insulation heap three binding site (metal grading ring-solid insulating material-vacuum), optimize insulation heap Electric Field Distribution, improve the surface breakdown voltage of insulation heap.The concrete structure of this insulation heap is as shown in Figure 2, comprises multiple metal grading ring 8 and multiple insulation subring 9, and metal grading ring is intervally arranged vertically successively with insulation subring; The longitudinal section of insulation subring is right-angled trapezium, metal grading ring arranges axial projections in the side with insulation subring toe contact, the corresponding position of insulation subring is provided with groove, and metal grading ring forms embedded structure by the axial projections being arranged on self with the groove in insulation subring.Metal grading ring is inlaid into the degree of depth of insulation subring, and namely the length h of grading ring axial projections and insulator ring thickness d exists particular kind of relationship.When h is less than normal, do not reach the effect of shielding three binding site electric field strength; When h is excessive, insulator ring body is easily caused to puncture.By optimal design, h is about 1/8 ~ 1/4 of insulator ring thickness d.
Further, the shape of cross section of axial projections metal grading ring of the present invention arranged is rectangle.The advantage of this shape is that structure is simple, makes the groove that metal grading ring and insulator coordinate with it all be easy to shape.
Further, the outward flange of metal grading ring of the present invention is also provided with radial projection, and the inner side lock ring of radial projection is at the outward flange of both sides insulation subring.The advantage of this vibrational power flow is the location being convenient to metal grading ring, insulation subring and metal grading ring position is fixed, does not move each other.
Further, the shape of cross section of radial projection of the present invention is arc-shaped, and the advantage of this shape reduces the outer peripheral electric field strength of metal grading ring, avoids field emission and the electrical breakdown caused thus.
Further, the inner surface of metal grading ring of the present invention is the arc surface to inwardly projecting.The advantage of this shape is protection insulation subring, stops the bombardment of the sheaths duplet insulation subring of induction cavity secondary emission.
In addition, induction cavity primary area of the present invention adopts liquid medium insulation, and induction cavity secondary region of the present invention is vacuum.The advantage of this structure is: elementary employing fluid insulation improves the power density of induction cavity, and secondary employing vacuum insulation is convenient to drive magnetic insulation transmission line and vacuum intense current electron-beam diodes.
Further, feed-in pulse of the present invention reaches cathode through angle transmission line 5, feed-in pulse, according to the principle of " etc. the transmission times such as transfer impedance ", is divided into four tunnels and arrives cathode excircles, realize feed-in pulse current and be uniformly distributed with magnetic core evenly excitatory by angle transmission line.
The electric pulse (amplitude is about 1MV, pulsewidth is about 60ns) that multiple time delays of feed-in induction cavity are adjustable is produced by prime multipulse generator (Multi Pulse Generator, MPG).The induction cavity output pulse spacing is determined by MPG.In order to improve induction cavity energy transmission efficiency, improving induction cavity and exporting pulse quality, requiring that MPG output impedance is mated substantially with induction cavity impedance.

Claims (9)

1. the multipulse megavolt level induction cavity of generation of bursting, comprise cavity, be positioned at cavity and the coaxially arranged inner core of cavity, magnetic core, cathode and High-Voltage Insulation are piled, described inner core, cathode and High-Voltage Insulation heap are axially arranged in cavity successively along cavity, described magnetic core is arranged around inner core, region between described High-Voltage Insulation heap outer wall and the cavity inner wall of induction cavity is induction cavity primary area, region in described High-Voltage Insulation heap is induction cavity secondary region
It is characterized in that: described induction cavity adopts low surplus than magnetic core, and magnetic core remanence ratio is less than 0.15, and magnetic core can automatically reset within the pulse spacing, and magnetic core Flux consumption is greater than the weber integration of the individual pulse of feed-in induction cavity.
2. according to claim 1 bursting produces multipulse megavolt level induction cavity, it is characterized in that: described High-Voltage Insulation heap adopts multistage heap formula structure, is made up of along the axial cascade successively of cavity multiple metal grading ring and multiple insulation subring; Metal grading ring arranges axial projections in the side with insulation subring toe contact, and insulation subring is provided with groove in corresponding position, and metal grading ring forms the structure of inlaying by the axial projections being arranged on self with the groove in insulation subring.
3. according to claim 2 bursting produces multipulse megavolt level induction cavity, it is characterized in that:
The shape of cross section of described axial projections is rectangle.
4. the megavolt level induction cavity working in multi-pulse mode of bursting according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
The height h of described axial projections is about 1/8 ~ 1/4 of insulator ring thickness d.
5. bursting according to Claims 2 or 3 or 4 produces multipulse megavolt level induction cavity, it is characterized in that:
The outward flange of described metal grading ring is also provided with radial projection, and the inner side of described radial projection is close to the periphery of both sides insulation subring.
6. according to claim 5 bursting produces multipulse megavolt level induction cavity, it is characterized in that:
The shape of cross section of described radial projection is arc-shaped or semicircle.
7. according to claim 6 bursting produces multipulse megavolt level induction cavity, it is characterized in that:
The medial surface of described metal grading ring is the arc surface to inwardly projecting.
8. according to claim 1 bursting produces multipulse megavolt level induction cavity, it is characterized in that: described induction cavity primary area adopts liquid medium insulation, and induction cavity secondary region is vacuum.
9. according to claim 8 bursting produces multipulse megavolt level induction cavity, it is characterized in that: domestic iron based nano crystal selected by described magnetic core, residual magnetic flux density magnetic B r=0.15T, saturation induction density B s=1.25T.
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CN105486908A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-04-13 西北核技术研究所 B-dot probe blocking electrons of magnetically insulated sheath and current space distribution measuring system
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105334371A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-02-17 西北核技术研究所 Measuring system for secondary current of induced voltage adder, marking device and method thereof
CN105388352A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-03-09 西北核技术研究所 B-dot probe based on PCB type magnetic induction coil, and current spatial distribution measuring system
CN105486908A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-04-13 西北核技术研究所 B-dot probe blocking electrons of magnetically insulated sheath and current space distribution measuring system
CN105388352B (en) * 2015-11-20 2018-01-19 西北核技术研究所 B dot probes and electric current spatial distribution measuring system based on PCB formula magnetic induction coils
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CN105486908B (en) * 2015-11-20 2018-02-02 西北核技术研究所 Stop the B dot probes and electric current spatial distribution measuring system of magnetic insulation sheaths electronics
CN108631640A (en) * 2018-05-11 2018-10-09 西北核技术研究所 A kind of pulsed drive source that output pulse width is variable

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