CN104375202A - Exploration method of permafrost natural gas hydrate - Google Patents
Exploration method of permafrost natural gas hydrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN104375202A CN104375202A CN201410616128.0A CN201410616128A CN104375202A CN 104375202 A CN104375202 A CN 104375202A CN 201410616128 A CN201410616128 A CN 201410616128A CN 104375202 A CN104375202 A CN 104375202A
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- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 233
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for exploring natural gas hydrate in a frozen soil zone. The method is that the work area is divided into different detection zones; obtaining leakage methane information of the high-altitude atmosphere by utilizing atmospheric methane concentration data inverted by an atmospheric detection satellite, and determining an atmospheric methane abnormal area; extracting chlorophyll change information of the surface vegetation based on the remote sensing data with red edge wave bands to obtain the condition that the surface vegetation is poisoned by methane and determine a surface leakage area; extracting methane content information in soil based on surface soil hydrocarbon oil gas chemical exploration data to obtain methane enrichment condition in superficial soil, and determining a superficial leakage area; extracting a radar wave fuzzy area in the frozen soil layer based on ground penetrating radar data to obtain the methane enrichment condition in shallow frozen soil, and determining an inner leakage area of the shallow frozen soil; extracting deep stratum resistivity information based on the transient electromagnetic response data to obtain deep apparent resistivity information and determine an occurrence layer; and (4) combining the information to obtain a conclusion whether the work area has the exploration prospect of the natural gas hydrate.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to exploration engineering, particularly about the method utilizing the Detection Techniques with degree of depth echelon to carry out gas hydrate in permafrost exploration, belong to natural gas extraction technical field.
Background technology
World's Oil and Gas Resources wretched insufficiency, find novel energy extremely urgent, gas hydrate on earth reserves are huge, estimate that the stock number of methane in gas hydrate can reach 2 × 10
16m
3, be the earth has been verified coal, 2 times of oil and natural gas stock number total carbon, be still undeveloped maximum novel energy on the generally acknowledged earth, having a high potential, is the focus of various countries' research at present.
Gas hydrate are a kind of crystalline solid materials formed under being greater than its solubility condition in low temperature (70K-350K is generally 273.15K), high pressure (being generally greater than 3-5MPa), gas concentration by the gas molecules such as methane and water.Mainly be distributed in the depth of water to be greater than in the perennial cryolithic zone on the marine bottom sediment of 300 meters or less than 130 meters, earth's surface, strictly control by temperature, pressure condition, change just may decompose once temperature, pressure.In theory, 1m
3gas hydrate can discharge 164m
3methane and 0.8m
3water.
Current land tundra only in Muscovite Messoyakha gas field district, north slope PrudhoeBay field area, U.S. Alaska, the poly-more mining area of Canadian Mackenzie Delta Area and China's Muli coalfield found gas hydrate.These four regional gas hydrate and oil gas field, coalfield distribution relation are close, are after oil gas field or coal drilling operation note abnormalities Leakage Gas, really confirm what gas hydrate existed by the method for boring and coring or well logging.
Boring and coring and logging method be gas hydrate in permafrost exploration the most directly and most effective method, but above-mentioned two kinds of methods difficulty of construction under the tundra environment of severe cold region is comparatively large, is not most economical method of exploration.
In recent years, multiple method of exploration is constantly applied to the exploration of sky, tundra gas hydrate, such as: the method for geology, from the source of the angle analysis deep methane gas of oil-gas geology; The method of earthquake, in seismic section containing the sediment of gas hydrate and under cover containing there is not an acoustic reflection interface (being called Bottom-simulating reflector-BSR) between gas hydrate layer, think what gas hydrate strip substrate caused velocity of sound depletion at present; Oil and gas geochemistry method, for drill core researching natural gas hydrate chemical composition and origin cause of formation index; The method of electromagnetism, according to the high-ohmic of gas hydrate, utilizes electromagnetic equipment to detect deep formation resistivity information, identifies gas hydrate by resistivity contrasts; Microbial geochemistry, makes hydrocarbon oxidation bacteria anormogenesis according to seepage lighter hydrocarbons as the food of obligate hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria in soil, can form the obligate microbiological anomaly with the hydro carbons mineral reserve that underlie with positive correlation in the topsoil above hydro carbons mineral reserve; The method of remote sensing, the surface alteration information caused by remotely-sensed data spectral signature identification gas hydrate seepage.Above-mentioned various methods can obtain the indication information of natural gas hydrate, but due to the existence of frozen soil layer, result of detection can be subject to interference in various degree, in addition, due to the limitation of method, said method comprehensively can not describe gas hydrate Fu Cun district.
In sum, a kind of method of exploration can carrying out the gas hydrate of scanning being comprehensively applicable to tundra is provided to be this area problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of effective, method of exploration that utilization that is that have operability has the gas hydrate in permafrost of depth finding echelon, this method of exploration greatly improves the success ratio of gas hydrate in permafrost exploration.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of method of exploration of gas hydrate in permafrost, the method for exploration of described gas hydrate in permafrost comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the detection zone work area of premeasuring being divided five different depths, be 0 meter in floor level, described detection zone is followed successively by from ground to underground: the Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone of >0.1 rice, the surface vegetation detection zone of 0.1 to 0 meter, the shallow table soil detection zone of 0 to-1 meter, the superficial part frozen soil detection zone of-1 to-50 meter and the deep formation detection zone of-50 to-1000 meters;
Step 2: the concentration data utilizing methane in the air of atmospheric exploration satellite Retrieval, by extracting ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS period data, exclusive PCR source, generate the seepage methane information of the described Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone of >0.1 rice, determine the atmospheric methane exceptions area of gas hydrate;
Step 3: based on the remotely-sensed data with red side wave section, extracts the chlorophyllous change information of surface vegetation, the information that the described surface vegetation detection zone generating 0.1 to 0 meter is poisoned by methane, determines the blowby area of gas hydrate on earth's surface;
Step 4: based on surface soil hydro carbons hydrocarbon geochemical exploration data, extracts the content information of methane in soil, generates the enrichment information of methane in the described shallow table soil detection zone of 0 to-1 meter, determines the shallow table blowby area of gas hydrate;
Step 5: based on Coherent Noise in GPR Record, extracts the radar wave confusion region in frozen soil layer, and the described superficial part frozen soil generating-1 to-50 meter detects the enrichment information of methane in zone, determines the superficial part frozen soil blowby area of gas hydrate;
Step 6: based on Transient electromagnetic response data, extracts the resistivity information of deep formation, generates the apparent resistivity information of the described deep formation detection zone of-50 to-1000 meters, determines that layer position is deposited in the tax of gas hydrate;
Step 7: in conjunction with the gas hydrate information of described Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone, described surface vegetation detection zone, described shallow table soil detection zone, described superficial part frozen soil detection zone and described deep formation detection zone, judge whether surveyed work area has the exploration prospect of gas hydrate.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, according to the physical property of weather decomposition of hydrate release methane, from the angle of methane gas migration, absorption, analyze its tax migrated to upper atmosphere process from deep formation and deposit situation, with reference to the characteristic parameter of different Detection Techniques and instrument thereof, mark off upper atmosphere, surface vegetation, shallow table soil, superficial part frozen soil and deep formation five detection zone.
In one embodiment, the work area of premeasuring is divided the detection zone of five different depths, comprise: according to the physical property of gas hydrate and the characteristic of different technologies investigation depth, mark off described Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone, described surface vegetation detection zone, described shallow table soil detection zone, described superficial part frozen soil detection zone and described deep formation detection zone 5 detection zone.
In one embodiment, described step 2 comprises: according to the atmospheric methane content data within the scope of tundra, the average in statistics different month, utilize month methane content and the moon number set up tundra atmospheric methane spatial and temporal variation model;
The curve of tundra atmospheric methane Changing Pattern is set up according to described tundra atmospheric methane spatial and temporal variation model;
When methane content being exceeded described tundra atmospheric methane, the gas hydrate that are defined as in month of the certain threshold value of variation rule curve decompose the release period in a large number;
Described gas hydrate are decomposed in a large number to the data creating atmospheric methane Abnormal Map of release period, determine the atmospheric methane exceptions area of gas hydrate.
In one embodiment, described step 3 comprises: carry out pre-service to the high precision remotely-sensed data with red side wave section;
The method of band ratio is adopted to obtain the chlorophyll content information of surface vegetation;
Earth's surface vegetation growth is abnormal to utilize described chlorophyll content information to determine, in conjunction with image tone feature, what judge vegetation is poisoned situation, obtains the gas hydrate indication information of surface vegetation detection zone.
In one embodiment, the high precision remotely-sensed data described in red side wave section comprises GeoEye or WorldView-2.
In one embodiment, described pre-service is comprised and carries out DN value to the conversion of radiation value and obtained by atmospheric correction and have the albedo image of the high precision remotely-sensed data of red side wave section to the high precision remotely-sensed data with red side wave section.
In one embodiment, described step 4 comprises: the content data being extracted the methane of different occurrence form in soil by the static headspace gas method of hydrocarbon geochemical exploration and the Acid Hydrolytic Hydrocarbon method of hydrocarbon geochemical exploration respectively;
The method of contrast is adopted to go dimension to the two kinds of methane content data adopting static headspace gas method and Acid Hydrolytic Hydrocarbon method to obtain;
To going two kinds of data described in dimension to sum up, as the content information of methane in shallow table soil, obtain the gas hydrate indication information of shallow table soil detection zone.
In one embodiment, described based on Coherent Noise in GPR Record, extract the radar wave confusion region in frozen soil layer, comprise: employing frequency is that the ground penetrating radar of 25Hz carries out detection of gas in frozen soil layer, described radar wave confusion region is extracted from section, extract the tectonic information forming confusion region simultaneously, obtain the gas hydrate indication information of superficial part frozen soil detection zone.
In one embodiment, described step 6 comprises: adopt the transient electromagnetic method of double loop to obtain Transient electromagnetic response data;
Staging treating is carried out to the Transient electromagnetic response data gathered, depicts the Resistivity Characteristics of deep formation, obtain the gas hydrate indication information of deep formation detection zone.
In one embodiment, the described Transient electromagnetic response data to gathering carry out staging treating, comprising: time road is divided into three sections of time roads, respectively the Transient electromagnetic response data in described three sections of time roads are processed, and result is merged, wherein, the degree of depth that different time road is corresponding different.
Method of exploration provided by the invention, compared with the direct or indirect Detection Techniques method of existing gas hydrate in permafrost, has following distinguishing feature:
1, on existing exploration engineering basis, introduce remote sensing technology and ground penetrating radar exploration, establish a set of gas hydrate three-dimensional probe technical system from upper atmosphere, surface vegetation, shallow table soil, shallow-layer frozen soil and deep formation;
2, method of exploration of the present invention proposes the analysis of atmospheric methane anomaly regularity, determines the correspondence that air abnormal time section and gas hydrate dissociation discharge, has very high using value for natural gas hydrate exploration;
3, the Transient electromagnetic response data processing method adopted in method provided by the invention, propose staging treating method, realize the meticulous depiction of deep formation resistivity, eliminate superficial part frozen soil high resistant and deep gas hydrate are composed to the Screen theory depositing floor height resistance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the method for exploration process flow diagram of the gas hydrate in permafrost of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the gas hydrate in permafrost information detection mode chart of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the method flow diagram of embodiment of the present invention S102;
Fig. 4 is 2003-2006 years atmospheric methane average monthly variation figure in tundra, the Qilian mountains of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is tundra, the Qilian mountains in February, the 2006 atmospheric methane Abnormal Map of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the method flow diagram of embodiment of the present invention S103;
Fig. 7 is the vegetation chlorophyll Abnormal Map of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the method flow diagram of embodiment of the present invention S104;
Fig. 9 is the Methane in Soils contrast Abnormal Map of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the Gpr Data figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the method flow diagram of embodiment of the present invention S105;
Figure 12 is the transient electromagnetic sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and beneficial effect, existing following detailed description is carried out to technical scheme of the present invention, but can not be interpreted as to of the present invention can the restriction of practical range.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method of exploration of gas hydrate in permafrost, and the work area of the embodiment of the present invention is described for tundra, the Qilian mountains.As shown in Figure 1, the method for exploration of this gas hydrate in permafrost comprises the following steps:
S101: the detection zone work area of premeasuring being divided five different depths, be 0 meter in floor level, described detection zone is followed successively by from ground to underground: the Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone of >0.1 rice, the surface vegetation detection zone of 0.1 to 0 meter, the shallow table soil detection zone of 0 to-1 meter, the superficial part frozen soil detection zone of-1 to-50 meter and the deep formation detection zone of-50 to-1000 meters;
S102: the concentration data utilizing methane in the air of atmospheric exploration satellite Retrieval, by extracting ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS period data, exclusive PCR source, generate the seepage methane information of the described Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone of >0.1 rice, determine the atmospheric methane exceptions area of gas hydrate;
S103: based on the remotely-sensed data with red side wave section, extracts the chlorophyllous change information of surface vegetation, the information that the described surface vegetation detection zone generating 0.1 to 0 meter is poisoned by methane, determines the blowby area of gas hydrate on earth's surface;
S104: based on surface soil hydro carbons hydrocarbon geochemical exploration data, extracts the content information of methane in soil, generates the enrichment information of methane in the described shallow table soil detection zone of 0 to-1 meter, determines the shallow table blowby area of gas hydrate;
S105: based on Coherent Noise in GPR Record, extracts the radar wave confusion region in frozen soil layer, and the described superficial part frozen soil generating-1 to-50 meter detects the enrichment information of methane in zone, determines the superficial part frozen soil blowby area of gas hydrate;
S106: based on Transient electromagnetic response data, extracts the resistivity information of deep formation, generates the apparent resistivity information of the described deep formation detection zone of-50 to-1000 meters, determines that layer position is deposited in the tax of gas hydrate;
S107: in conjunction with the gas hydrate information of described Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone, described surface vegetation detection zone, described shallow table soil detection zone, described superficial part frozen soil detection zone and described deep formation detection zone, judge whether surveyed work area has the exploration prospect of gas hydrate.
Flow process is as shown in Figure 1 known, and first the work area of premeasuring is divided the detection zone of five different depths by the method for exploration of gas hydrate in permafrost of the present invention; Then, by calculating the seepage methane information obtaining Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone, the information that surface vegetation detection zone is poisoned by methane, the enrichment information of methane in shallow table soil detection zone, the enrichment information of methane and the apparent resistivity information of deep formation detection zone in superficial part frozen soil detection zone, and the atmospheric methane exceptions area of gas hydrate is determined respectively according to above-mentioned information, gas hydrate are in the blowby area on earth's surface, the shallow table blowby area of gas hydrate, layer position is deposited in the superficial part frozen soil blowby area of gas hydrate and the tax of gas hydrate; Finally combine the gas hydrate information stating Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone, described surface vegetation detection zone, described shallow table soil detection zone, described superficial part frozen soil detection zone and described deep formation detection zone, judge whether surveyed work area has the exploration prospect of gas hydrate.Said method establishes a set of gas hydrate three-dimensional probe technical system from upper atmosphere, surface vegetation, shallow table soil, shallow-layer frozen soil and deep formation; By the analysis of atmospheric methane anomaly regularity, determine the correspondence that air abnormal time section and gas hydrate dissociation discharge, for natural gas hydrate exploration, there is very high using value; By staging treating method, realize the meticulous depiction of deep formation resistivity, eliminate superficial part frozen soil high resistant and deep gas hydrate are composed to the Screen theory depositing floor height resistance.
In S101, the work area of premeasuring is divided the method for the detection zone of five different depths: according to the physical property of gas hydrate and the characteristic of different technologies investigation depth, the work area of premeasuring is divided the detection zone of five different depths.
During concrete enforcement, according to the physical property of weather decomposition of hydrate release methane, from the angle of methane gas migration, absorption, analyze its tax migrated to upper atmosphere process from deep formation and deposit situation.Position is deposited in tax according to gas hydrate and release methane gas thereof, determine different Detection Techniques, with reference to the characteristic parameter (comprising the investigation depth parameter etc. of Detection Techniques) of different Detection Techniques and instrument thereof, mark off described Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone, described surface vegetation detection zone, described shallow table soil detection zone, described superficial part frozen soil detection zone and described deep formation detection zone 5 detection zone.As long as the information determining above-mentioned 5 detection zone a certain detection zone wherein and subsequent probe zone thereof is effective, then can judge that this work area has the exploration prospect of gas hydrate.Fig. 2 is gas hydrate in permafrost information detection mode chart, from Fig. 2, can find out the detection zone that 5 of marking off are different clearly.
As shown in Figure 3, when S102 specifically implements, comprise the steps:
S301: according to the atmospheric methane content data within the scope of tundra, the average in statistics different month, utilize month methane content and the moon number set up tundra atmospheric methane spatial and temporal variation model;
S302: the curve setting up tundra atmospheric methane Changing Pattern according to described tundra atmospheric methane spatial and temporal variation model;
S303: when methane content being exceeded described tundra atmospheric methane, the gas hydrate that are defined as in month of the certain threshold value of variation rule curve decompose the release period in a large number;
S304: the data creating atmospheric methane Abnormal Map described gas hydrate being decomposed in a large number to the release period, determines the atmospheric methane exceptions area of gas hydrate.
Known by the flow process shown in Fig. 3, the present invention is according to the atmospheric methane content data within the scope of tundra, the average in statistics different month, utilize month methane content and the moon number Modling model, obtain tundra atmospheric methane content monthly variation law curve, methane content obviously exceeds the month of change curve, can think that the decomposition that there are gas hydrate discharges, according to the high-value sector of this period atmospheric methane, realize the location in gas hydrate plane.
For Qilianshan Area, as shown in Figure 4, extracting ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS period data is by the 2003-2006 atmospheric methane data of 48 months, set up tundra atmospheric methane spatial and temporal variation model, methane content obviously exceeds the month of variation rule curve, be defined as gas hydrate and decompose the release period in a large number, and this period data is made atmospheric methane Abnormal Map, determine the atmospheric methane exceptions area of deep gas hydrate.
As shown in Figure 4, to the atmospheric methane content data within the scope of 2003 to 2006 tundras, the average in statistics different month, utilize month methane content and the moon number Modling model, obtain tundra atmospheric methane content monthly variation law curve.Methane content obviously exceeds the month (such as in January, 2006, February, April and May obviously departs from normal variation curve) of change curve, think that the decomposition that there are gas hydrate discharges, according to the high-value sector of this period atmospheric methane, realize the location in gas hydrate plane, Fig. 5 is tundra, the Qilian mountains in February, the 2006 atmospheric methane Abnormal Map of embodiment 1.
As shown in Figure 6, S103 comprises the steps:
S601: pre-service is carried out to the high precision remotely-sensed data with red side wave section;
S602: adopt the method for band ratio to obtain the chlorophyll content information of surface vegetation;
S603: earth's surface vegetation growth is abnormal to utilize described chlorophyll content information to determine, in conjunction with image tone feature, what judge vegetation is poisoned situation, obtains the gas hydrate indication information of surface vegetation detection zone.
In flow process shown in Fig. 6, utilize the remotely-sensed data with red side wave section, the surface vegetation that detection seepage methane causes is poisoned situation, its core utilizes red side wave section and other wave band to carry out ratio proccessing, extract vegetation chlorophyll information, in conjunction with image tone feature, comprehensive descision vegetation be poisoned situation, thus determine the gas hydrate indication information of earth's surface vegetation detection zone (0 ~ 0.1 meter).
In the method for the band ratio of S602, red side wave section and other wave band carry out ratio proccessing, extract vegetation chlorophyll information, vegetation index (VI)=(R
nir-R
re)/(R
nir+ R
re), VI value is less, and vegetation chlorophyll content is lower, and vegetation health status is poorer, in conjunction with image tone feature, comprehensive descision vegetation be poisoned situation, Fig. 7 is vegetation chlorophyll Abnormal Map in an embodiment.
In one embodiment, the high precision remotely-sensed data having red side wave section comprises GeoEye or WorldView-2.
In one embodiment, the pre-service in above-mentioned S601 comprises carries out DN value to the conversion of radiation value and the albedo image by atmospheric correction acquisition with the high precision remotely-sensed data of red side wave section to the high precision remotely-sensed data with red side wave section.
As shown in Figure 8, when S104 specifically implements, comprise the steps:
S801: the content data being extracted the methane of different occurrence form in soil by the static headspace gas method of hydrocarbon geochemical exploration and the Acid Hydrolytic Hydrocarbon method of hydrocarbon geochemical exploration respectively.The static headspace gas method of hydrocarbon geochemical exploration and these two kinds of methods of the Acid Hydrolytic Hydrocarbon method of hydrocarbon geochemical exploration belong to conventional method, and static headspace gas method refers to that between head space, lighter hydrocarbons measure vapor-phase chromatography (according to People's Republic of China (PRC) oil and gas industry standard SY/T 6009.3-2003); Acid Hydrolytic Hydrocarbon method refers to that Acid Hydrolytic Hydrocarbon measures vapor-phase chromatography (according to People's Republic of China (PRC) oil and gas industry standard SY/T 6009.1-2003).
S802: adopt the method for contrast to go dimension to the two kinds of methane content data adopting static headspace gas method and Acid Hydrolytic Hydrocarbon method to obtain, adopts the method for contrast that two kinds of methane content data can be made not have dimension.
S803: to going two kinds of data described in dimension to sum up, as the content information of methane in shallow table soil, obtains the gas hydrate indication information of shallow table soil detection zone.
In flow process shown in Fig. 8, it is the technology proposed first that the soil hydro carbons hydrocarbon geochemical exploration based on earth's surface detects the Treatment Analysis of detection data.The methane of different occurrence form in soil is extracted by hydrocarbon geochemical exploration static headspace gas method, Acid Hydrolytic Hydrocarbon method, methane source is descended to have indicative function all over the ground, carry out adduction after static headspace gas methane and adsorbed hydrocarbons methane are carried out dimension, just can obtain the gas hydrate indication information of shallow table soil detection zone (-0.1 ~ 0 meter).
Suppose that there are 40 soil sampling points in work area, the Qilian mountains, there is the static headspace gas methane content value of a static headspace gas method extraction and the Acid Hydrolytic Hydrocarbon methane content value of Acid Hydrolytic Hydrocarbon method extraction in each measuring point, represents the methane information between soil particle and between mineral crystal respectively.Because two kinds of data dimensions are inconsistent, can not directly add and represent the methane abundance of sampled point, need to adopt the method for contrast to realize going dimension, contrast=methane content/work area methane content average respectively to two kinds of methane data; To going the data of dimension to carry out adduction, as the abundance messages of shallow table Methane in Soils, Fig. 9 is the Methane in Soils contrast Abnormal Map of one embodiment of the invention.
In S105, based on Coherent Noise in GPR Record, extract the radar wave confusion region in frozen soil layer, comprise: employing frequency is that the ground penetrating radar of 25Hz carries out detection of gas in frozen soil layer, described radar wave confusion region is extracted from section, extract the tectonic information forming confusion region simultaneously, obtain the gas hydrate indication information of superficial part frozen soil detection zone (-0.1 ~-50 meter).
In one embodiment, tectonic information refers to fracture, anticline etc., and be conducive to gas and build up, Figure 10 is the Gpr Data figure of one embodiment of the invention.
As shown in figure 11, when S106 specifically implements, comprise the steps:
S1101: adopt the transient electromagnetic method of double loop to obtain Transient electromagnetic response data;
S1102: carry out staging treating to the Transient electromagnetic response data gathered, depict the Resistivity Characteristics of deep formation, obtains the gas hydrate indication information of deep formation detection zone.
In flow process shown in Figure 11, transient electromagnetic is utilized to carry out tundra deep formation resistivity detection, Transient electromagnetic response data processing method is the method that the present invention proposes first, its technological core is, in view of frozen soil layer high resistant has shielding action to gas hydrate high resistant, to the method for the Transient electromagnetic response data acquisition staging treating gathered, accurately can portray the Resistivity Characteristics of deep formation, thus obtain the gas hydrate indication information of deep formation detection zone (-50 ~-1000 meters).The present invention utilizes CUGTEM-8 transient electromagnetic apparatus, take the mode image data of double loop, consider that the high resistant of frozen soil layer is larger on the impact of underground deep high resistant, to the Transient electromagnetic response data obtained, adopt the method for staging treating, meticulous depiction deep formation Resistivity Characteristics, it is abnormal that outstanding deep gas hydrate compose the high resistant depositing layer, and Figure 12 is the transient electromagnetic sectional view of one embodiment of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention, by the detection to gas hydrate indication information on different depth, reduces Exploration targets step by step, finally achieves the location spatially of gas hydrate, has affirmed fully the feasibility of above-mentioned method of exploration.
For S1102, in one embodiment, staging treating is carried out to the Transient electromagnetic response data gathered, specifically comprise: time road is divided into three sections of time roads, respectively the Transient electromagnetic response data in described three sections of time roads are processed, and result is merged, wherein, the degree of depth that different time road is corresponding different.
Method of exploration provided by the invention, compared with the direct or indirect Detection Techniques method of existing gas hydrate in permafrost, has following distinguishing feature:
1, on existing exploration engineering basis, introduce remote sensing technology and ground penetrating radar exploration, establish a set of gas hydrate three-dimensional probe technical system from upper atmosphere, surface vegetation, shallow table soil, shallow-layer frozen soil and deep formation;
2, method of exploration of the present invention proposes the analysis of atmospheric methane anomaly regularity, determines the correspondence that air abnormal time section and gas hydrate dissociation discharge, has very high using value for natural gas hydrate exploration;
3, the Transient electromagnetic response data processing method adopted in method provided by the invention, propose staging treating method, realize the meticulous depiction of deep formation resistivity, eliminate superficial part frozen soil high resistant and deep gas hydrate are composed to the Screen theory depositing floor height resistance.
Those skilled in the art should understand, embodiments of the invention can be provided as method, system or computer program.Therefore, the present invention can adopt the form of complete hardware embodiment, completely software implementation or the embodiment in conjunction with software and hardware aspect.And the present invention can adopt in one or more form wherein including the upper computer program implemented of computer-usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk memory, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) of computer usable program code.
The present invention describes with reference to according to the process flow diagram of the method for the embodiment of the present invention, equipment (system) and computer program and/or block scheme.Should understand can by the combination of the flow process in each flow process in computer program instructions realization flow figure and/or block scheme and/or square frame and process flow diagram and/or block scheme and/or square frame.These computer program instructions can being provided to the processor of multi-purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, making the instruction performed by the processor of computing machine or other programmable data processing device produce device for realizing the function of specifying in process flow diagram flow process or multiple flow process and/or block scheme square frame or multiple square frame.
These computer program instructions also can be stored in can in the computer-readable memory that works in a specific way of vectoring computer or other programmable data processing device, the instruction making to be stored in this computer-readable memory produces the manufacture comprising command device, and this command device realizes the function of specifying in process flow diagram flow process or multiple flow process and/or block scheme square frame or multiple square frame.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded in computing machine or other programmable data processing device, make on computing machine or other programmable devices, to perform sequence of operations step to produce computer implemented process, thus the instruction performed on computing machine or other programmable devices is provided for the step realizing the function of specifying in process flow diagram flow process or multiple flow process and/or block scheme square frame or multiple square frame.
Apply specific embodiment in the present invention to set forth principle of the present invention and embodiment, the explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a method of exploration for gas hydrate in permafrost, is characterized in that, the method for exploration of described gas hydrate in permafrost comprises the following steps:
Step 1: the detection zone work area of premeasuring being divided five different depths, be 0 meter in floor level, described detection zone is followed successively by from ground to underground: the Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone of >0.1 rice, the surface vegetation detection zone of 0.1 to 0 meter, the shallow table soil detection zone of 0 to-1 meter, the superficial part frozen soil detection zone of-1 to-50 meter and the deep formation detection zone of-50 to-1000 meters;
Step 2: the concentration data utilizing methane in the air of atmospheric exploration satellite Retrieval, by extracting ANOMALOUS VARIATIONS period data, exclusive PCR source, generate the seepage methane information of the described Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone of >0.1 rice, determine the atmospheric methane exceptions area of gas hydrate;
Step 3: based on the remotely-sensed data with red side wave section, extracts the chlorophyllous change information of surface vegetation, the information that the described surface vegetation detection zone generating 0.1 to 0 meter is poisoned by methane, determines the blowby area of gas hydrate on earth's surface;
Step 4: based on surface soil hydro carbons hydrocarbon geochemical exploration data, extracts the content information of methane in soil, generates the enrichment information of methane in the described shallow table soil detection zone of 0 to-1 meter, determines the shallow table blowby area of gas hydrate;
Step 5: based on Coherent Noise in GPR Record, extracts the radar wave confusion region in frozen soil layer, and the described superficial part frozen soil generating-1 to-50 meter detects the enrichment information of methane in zone, determines the superficial part frozen soil blowby area of gas hydrate;
Step 6: based on Transient electromagnetic response data, extracts the resistivity information of deep formation, generates the apparent resistivity information of the described deep formation detection zone of-50 to-1000 meters, determines that layer position is deposited in the tax of gas hydrate;
Step 7: in conjunction with the gas hydrate information of described Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone, described surface vegetation detection zone, described shallow table soil detection zone, described superficial part frozen soil detection zone and described deep formation detection zone, judge whether surveyed work area has the exploration prospect of gas hydrate.
2. the method for exploration of gas hydrate in permafrost according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the work area of premeasuring is divided the detection zone of five different depths, comprise: according to the physical property of gas hydrate and the characteristic of different technologies investigation depth, mark off the described Atmospheric sounding in upper air zone of >0.1 rice, the described surface vegetation detection zone of 0.1 to 0 meter, the described shallow table soil detection zone of 0 to-1 meter, the described superficial part frozen soil detection zone of-1 to-50 meter and described deep formation detection zone 5 detection zone.
3. the method for exploration of gas hydrate in permafrost according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 2 comprises:
According to the atmospheric methane content data within the scope of tundra, the average in statistics different month, utilize month methane content and the moon number set up tundra atmospheric methane spatial and temporal variation model;
The curve of tundra atmospheric methane Changing Pattern is set up according to described tundra atmospheric methane spatial and temporal variation model;
When methane content being exceeded described tundra atmospheric methane, the gas hydrate that are defined as in month of the certain threshold value of variation rule curve decompose the release period in a large number;
Described gas hydrate are decomposed in a large number to the data creating atmospheric methane Abnormal Map of release period, determine the atmospheric methane exceptions area of gas hydrate.
4. the method for exploration of gas hydrate in permafrost according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 3 comprises:
Pre-service is carried out to the high precision remotely-sensed data with red side wave section;
The method of band ratio is adopted to obtain the chlorophyll content information of surface vegetation;
Earth's surface vegetation growth is abnormal to utilize described chlorophyll content information to determine, in conjunction with image tone feature, what judge vegetation is poisoned situation, obtains the gas hydrate indication information of surface vegetation detection zone.
5. the method for exploration of gas hydrate in permafrost according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described in there is red side wave section high precision remotely-sensed data comprise GeoEye or WorldView-2.
6. the method for exploration of gas hydrate in permafrost according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described pre-service comprises: carry out DN value to the conversion of radiation value and the albedo image by atmospheric correction acquisition with the high precision remotely-sensed data of red side wave section to the high precision remotely-sensed data with red side wave section.
7. the method for exploration of gas hydrate in permafrost according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 4 comprises:
The content data of the methane of different occurrence form in soil is extracted respectively by the static headspace gas method of hydrocarbon geochemical exploration and the Acid Hydrolytic Hydrocarbon method of hydrocarbon geochemical exploration;
The method of contrast is adopted to go dimension to the two kinds of methane content data adopting static headspace gas method and Acid Hydrolytic Hydrocarbon method to obtain;
To going two kinds of data described in dimension to sum up, as the content information of methane in shallow table soil, obtain the gas hydrate indication information of shallow table soil detection zone.
8. the method for exploration of gas hydrate in permafrost according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described based on Coherent Noise in GPR Record, extract the radar wave confusion region in frozen soil layer, comprise: employing frequency is that the ground penetrating radar of 25Hz carries out detection of gas in frozen soil layer, from section, extract described radar wave confusion region, extract the tectonic information forming confusion region simultaneously, obtain the gas hydrate indication information of superficial part frozen soil detection zone.
9. the method for exploration of gas hydrate in permafrost according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 6 comprises:
The transient electromagnetic method of double loop is adopted to obtain Transient electromagnetic response data;
Staging treating is carried out to the Transient electromagnetic response data gathered, depicts the Resistivity Characteristics of deep formation, obtain the gas hydrate indication information of deep formation detection zone.
10. the method for exploration of gas hydrate in permafrost according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, the described Transient electromagnetic response data to gathering carry out staging treating, comprise: time road is divided into three sections of time roads, respectively the Transient electromagnetic response data in described three sections of time roads are processed, and result is merged, wherein, the degree of depth that different time road is corresponding different.
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