CN104375090B - Rechargeable lithium battery remaining capacity remote monitoring method - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种充电锂电池剩余电量远程监测装置及其监测方法，通过由电池监测模块提供各种工作条件下的电池剩余容量信息、电池剩余时间信息和电池健康状况信息。并通过由单片机和无线收发器芯片组成的无线数据传输模块将所采集电池数据发送至远端接收终端，接收终端处理信号并将电池剩余使用时间以及电池健康状况等信息在显示器中显示，并当发现剩余电量低于预设阀值时，蜂鸣报警，从而实现电池电量远程监测。本发明用于电池剩余电量远程监测，监测装置构成简单，监测方法操作方便，可以精确到蓄电池储电电荷量具体数值，使得电池电量监测彻底实现远程在线精确监测。
A remote monitoring device and monitoring method for the remaining power of a rechargeable lithium battery. The battery monitoring module provides information on the remaining capacity of the battery, information on the remaining time of the battery and information on the health status of the battery under various working conditions. And through the wireless data transmission module composed of single-chip microcomputer and wireless transceiver chip, the collected battery data is sent to the remote receiving terminal, the receiving terminal processes the signal and displays information such as the remaining battery life and battery health status on the display, and when When it is found that the remaining power is lower than the preset threshold, the buzzer will alarm, thereby realizing remote monitoring of battery power. The invention is used for remote monitoring of remaining battery power. The monitoring device has a simple structure, and the monitoring method is easy to operate.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电池状态检测领域，特别是一种充电锂电池剩余电量的远程监测装置及方法。The invention relates to the field of battery state detection, in particular to a remote monitoring device and method for remaining power of a rechargeable lithium battery.
背景技术Background technique
目前，从电力直流屏电源到电信及移动通信设备后备电源，从电动自行车到电动汽车，从手机到笔记本电脑，到处可见可充电电池的应用。可充电电池的最大特点就是能够充放电，正确的充放电可以充分的利用电池，不正确的充放电会缩短电池使用寿命甚至损坏电池。为了及时合理的充放电，正如司机需要了解汽车的燃料指示，用户希望了解可充电电池的荷电状态SOC(state of charge)，尤其是在一些重要的场合，可充电电池的剩余电量指示已是一个特别重要的指标。At present, rechargeable batteries can be seen everywhere, from power DC screen power supplies to backup power supplies for telecommunications and mobile communication equipment, from electric bicycles to electric vehicles, from mobile phones to notebook computers. The biggest feature of rechargeable batteries is that they can be charged and discharged. Correct charging and discharging can make full use of the battery. Incorrect charging and discharging will shorten the battery life and even damage the battery. In order to charge and discharge in a timely and reasonable manner, just as the driver needs to know the fuel indicator of the car, the user wants to know the SOC (state of charge) of the rechargeable battery, especially in some important occasions, the remaining power indicator of the rechargeable battery is already A particularly important indicator.
然而对于一些特殊带充电电池设备人们可能无法靠近，或是接近这些设备比较困难时，通过利用传统方法了解或检测这些设备中电池剩余电量十分困难，例如随着节能环保型太阳能充电路灯快速发展，许多地方安装这种环保型路灯，然而由于太阳能的不稳定性，路灯顶端电池剩余电量也存在不稳定问题，因此有时希望能监测到顶端电池剩余电量情况，但由于路灯较高，传统有线监测电池剩余电量方法显然不能满足需求，因此需采取一种远程监测方式才能实现此时电池剩余电量的监测，随着无线通信技术的快速发展，为电池电量远程监测提供了可能。However, people may not be able to get close to some special devices with rechargeable batteries, or when it is difficult to get close to these devices, it is very difficult to know or detect the remaining battery power in these devices by using traditional methods. For example, with the rapid development of energy-saving and environmentally friendly solar rechargeable street lights, Many places install this kind of environment-friendly street lamp. However, due to the instability of solar energy, the remaining power of the battery at the top of the street lamp is also unstable. Therefore, it is sometimes hoped to monitor the remaining power of the battery at the top. The remaining power method obviously cannot meet the demand, so a remote monitoring method is needed to realize the monitoring of the remaining battery power at this time. With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, it provides the possibility for remote monitoring of battery power.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的一个目的就是提供一种充电锂电池剩余电量远程监测装置，它可以将监测计算得到的充电锂电池状态信息通过无线通信的方式发送至远端，便于实时监测。An object of the present invention is to provide a remote monitoring device for the remaining power of a rechargeable lithium battery, which can send the status information of the rechargeable lithium battery obtained through monitoring and calculation to the remote end through wireless communication, so as to facilitate real-time monitoring.
本发明的该目的是通过这样的技术方案实现的，它包括有电池监测模块、第一单片机、无线发送端、无线接收端、第二单片机、系统辅助控制报警模块和显示器；This object of the present invention is achieved by such a technical solution, which includes a battery monitoring module, a first single-chip microcomputer, a wireless sending end, a wireless receiving end, a second single-chip microcomputer, a system auxiliary control alarm module and a display;
电池监测模块的数据监测端与被测充电锂电池连接，电池监测模块监测到的数据通过单片机和无线发送端发送至无线接收端，无线接收端将收到的数据发送至第二单片机，第二单片机处理后，发出控制信息至系统辅助控制报警模块，同时发出显示信息至显示器。The data monitoring terminal of the battery monitoring module is connected to the rechargeable lithium battery under test, and the data monitored by the battery monitoring module is sent to the wireless receiving terminal through the single-chip microcomputer and the wireless sending terminal, and the wireless receiving terminal sends the received data to the second single-chip microcomputer, and the second After being processed by the single-chip microcomputer, control information is sent to the system auxiliary control alarm module, and display information is sent to the display at the same time.
进一步，所述电池监测模块为MAX177050电池电量计。Further, the battery monitoring module is a MAX177050 battery fuel gauge.
进一步，所述无线发送端和无线接收端为nrf24L01无线收发器芯片。Further, the wireless sending end and the wireless receiving end are nrf24L01 wireless transceiver chips.
进一步，所述系统辅助控制报警模块为蜂鸣器。Further, the system auxiliary control alarm module is a buzzer.
本发明的另一个目的就是提供一种充电锂电池剩余电量远程监测方法，它可以在充电锂电池的近端对电池状态信息进行监测分析，得到电池剩余容量信息、电池剩余时间信息和电池健康状况信息，并通过无线通信的方式发送至远处监控端。Another object of the present invention is to provide a remote monitoring method for the remaining power of a rechargeable lithium battery, which can monitor and analyze the battery status information at the near end of the rechargeable lithium battery, and obtain battery remaining capacity information, battery remaining time information and battery health status The information is sent to the remote monitoring terminal through wireless communication.
本发明的该目的是通过这样的技术方案实现的，具体步骤为：This purpose of the present invention is realized by such technical scheme, and concrete steps are:
1)通过电池监测模块监测并记录被测充电锂电池的状态信息；1) Monitor and record the status information of the tested rechargeable lithium battery through the battery monitoring module;
2)电池监测模块对监测到的充电锂电池状态信息进行信息处理，得到电池剩余容量信息、电池剩余时间信息和电池健康状况信息；2) The battery monitoring module performs information processing on the monitored rechargeable lithium battery state information, and obtains battery remaining capacity information, battery remaining time information and battery health status information;
3)处理后得到的电池剩余容量信息、电池剩余时间信息和电池健康状况信息通过第一单片机、无线发送端、无线接收端发送至第二单片机；3) The remaining battery capacity information, battery remaining time information and battery health status information obtained after processing are sent to the second single-chip microcomputer through the first single-chip microcomputer, the wireless sending end, and the wireless receiving end;
4)第二单片机提取电池剩余容量信息、电池剩余时间信息和电池健康状况信息，发送至显示器，同时与预设阈值相比较，发出控制指令控制系统辅助控制报警模块。4) The second single-chip microcomputer extracts the remaining battery capacity information, battery remaining time information and battery health status information, sends them to the display, compares them with the preset threshold, and sends out control commands to control the system auxiliary control alarm module.
进一步，步骤1)所述充电锂电池状态信息包括有电池当前的输出电压信息、输出电流信息、环境温度信息、充电时的输入电量信息和放电时的输出电量信息。Further, the state information of the rechargeable lithium battery in step 1) includes the current output voltage information of the battery, output current information, ambient temperature information, input power information during charging, and output power information during discharging.
进一步，步骤2)中所述对充电锂电池状态信息进行信息处理的具体方法为：采用采用RBF神经网络对电池SOC进行在线预测。Further, the specific method for information processing of the state information of the rechargeable lithium battery described in step 2) is to use the RBF neural network to perform online prediction of the battery SOC.
进一步，采用RBF神经网络对电池SOC进行在线预测的具体方法为：基于RBF神经网络建立SOC预测模型，主要从网络级、训练级和节点级三个方面进行设计；在与soc估计有关的输入变量，包括总电压、总电流、最低单体电压、最高单体电压、最低节点温度、最高节点温度、各个模块中各单体电池的电压值和各模块中各节点的温度值上一时刻的soc值、电压差值和温度差值中，选取上一时刻soc值、总电压总电流、最低单体电压、最高单体电压、最高节点温度、最低节点温度、平均温度、总电压变化量、SOC变化量共10个为输入变量，以该时刻SOC为输出变量，设置隐含层节点数为30个，其网络的输入矩阵为Further, the specific method of using RBF neural network to predict battery SOC online is as follows: establish an SOC prediction model based on RBF neural network, mainly design from three aspects: network level, training level and node level; input variables related to SOC estimation , including total voltage, total current, minimum cell voltage, maximum cell voltage, minimum node temperature, maximum node temperature, voltage value of each cell in each module, and temperature value of each node in each module. value, voltage difference and temperature difference, select the previous moment SOC value, total voltage total current, minimum cell voltage, maximum cell voltage, maximum node temperature, minimum node temperature, average temperature, total voltage change, SOC A total of 10 changes are input variables, and the SOC at this moment is the output variable, and the number of hidden layer nodes is set to 30, and the input matrix of the network is
X＝(x1,x2,x3,x4,x5,x6,x7,x8,x9,x10)X＝(x 1 ,x 2 ,x 3 ,x 4 ,x 5 ,x 6 ,x 7 ,x 8 ,x 9 ,x 10 )
RBF神经网络的输出函数为:The output function of the RBF neural network is:
其中，m表示隐含层神经元节点数，即径向基函数中心的个数；系数表示隐含层到输出层的连接权重，b表示输出层的阈值；Among them, m represents the number of neuron nodes in the hidden layer, that is, the number of radial basis function centers; the coefficient represents the connection weight from the hidden layer to the output layer, and b represents the threshold of the output layer;
其中，表示隐含层的径向基函数，||x-cj||表示欧几里德距离，cj(cj∈Rn)表示隐含层径向基函数的中心；rj(rj∈R)表示径向基函数的宽度；in, Represents the radial basis function of the hidden layer, ||xc j || represents the Euclidean distance, c j (c j ∈ R n ) represents the center of the radial basis function of the hidden layer; r j (r j ∈ R ) represents the width of the radial basis function;
得到输出层矩阵表示：Get the output layer matrix representation:
y＝HW+ey=HW+e
其中，y表示输出层的期望输出，e表示期望输出y和网络输出f(x)之间的误差，W表示隐含层与输出层的连接权重，H表示回归矩阵。Among them, y represents the expected output of the output layer, e represents the error between the desired output y and the network output f(x), W represents the connection weight between the hidden layer and the output layer, and H represents the regression matrix.
在RBF网络结构中，对于训练样本，通常取性能指标为In the RBF network structure, for training samples, the performance index is usually taken as
指标E是关于径向基中心、宽度和权值的函数，RBF网络的训练就是针对一组样本，使E趋于最小；The index E is a function of the radial basis center, width and weight, and the training of the RBF network is aimed at a set of samples to minimize E;
得到输出层的输出为： The output of the output layer is obtained as:
由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明具有如下的优点：Owing to adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has following advantage:
本发明通过由电池监测模块提供各种工作条件下的电池剩余容量信息、电池剩余时间信息和电池健康状况信息。并通过由单片机和无线收发器芯片组成的无线数据传输模块将所采集电池数据发送至远端接收终端，接收终端处理信号并将电池剩余使用时间以及电池健康状况等信息在显示器中显示，并当发现剩余电量低于预设阈值时，蜂鸣报警，从而实现电池电量远程监测。本发明用于电池剩余电量远程监测，监测装置构成简单，监测方法操作方便，可以精确到蓄电池储电电荷量具体数值，使得电池电量监测彻底实现远程在线精确监测。The present invention provides battery remaining capacity information, battery remaining time information and battery health status information under various working conditions through the battery monitoring module. And through the wireless data transmission module composed of single-chip microcomputer and wireless transceiver chip, the collected battery data is sent to the remote receiving terminal, the receiving terminal processes the signal and displays information such as the remaining battery life and battery health status on the display, and when When the remaining power is found to be lower than the preset threshold, the buzzer will alarm, thereby realizing remote monitoring of battery power. The invention is used for remote monitoring of remaining battery power. The monitoring device has a simple structure, and the monitoring method is easy to operate.
本发明的其他优点、目标和特征在某种程度上将在随后的说明书中进行阐述，并且在某种程度上，基于对下文的考察研究对本领域技术人员而言将是显而易见的，或者可以从本发明的实践中得到教导。本发明的目标和其他优点可以通过下面的说明书和权利要求书来实现和获得。Other advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be set forth in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the investigation and research below, or can be obtained from Taught in the practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the following description and claims.
附图说明Description of drawings
本发明的附图说明如下。The accompanying drawings of the present invention are described as follows.
图1为本发明的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
图2为本发明的方法流程图；Fig. 2 is method flowchart of the present invention;
图3为nRF24L01芯片接线图。Figure 3 is the wiring diagram of the nRF24L01 chip.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
电池的荷电状态SOC被用来反映电池的剩余容量情况，这是目前国内外比较统一的认识，其数值上定义为为电池所剩电量占电池总容量的比值:The state of charge SOC of the battery is used to reflect the remaining capacity of the battery. This is a relatively unified understanding at home and abroad. Its value is defined as the ratio of the remaining capacity of the battery to the total capacity of the battery:
soc＝[Qm-Q(In)]/Qm soc＝[Q m -Q(I n )]/Q m
Q(In＝t∫Indt)Q(I n =t∫I n dt)
式中:Qm为蓄电池最大放电容量，指的是在室温条件下，电池从完全充电后开始工作一直到电池完全放电为止，其所能放出的最大安时数值，表示为标准放电电流和放电时问的乘积；Q(In)为标准放电电流I0下t时刻的电池释放的电量。In the formula: Qm is the maximum discharge capacity of the battery, which refers to the maximum ampere-hour value that can be released by the battery from the time it is fully charged until the battery is fully discharged at room temperature, expressed as the standard discharge current and discharge time The product of Q; Q(In) is the amount of electricity released by the battery at time t under the standard discharge current I0.
如图1所示，本发明中通过MAX177050电池电量计计算电池SOC数据，完成了数据采集计算后，由无线传输模块将所采集数据进行传输出去，无线传输使用nrf24l01芯片进行无线数据收发，nRF24L01是由NORDIC生产的工作在2.4GHz～2.5GHz的ISM频段的单片无线收发器芯片。无线收发器包括：频率发生器、增强型SchockBurst模式控制器、功率放大器、晶体振荡器、调制器和解调器。其芯片接线图如图3所示。As shown in Figure 1, in the present invention, the battery SOC data is calculated by the MAX177050 battery fuel gauge. After the data collection and calculation are completed, the collected data is transmitted by the wireless transmission module. The wireless transmission uses the nrf24l01 chip for wireless data transmission and reception. nRF24L01 is A single-chip wireless transceiver chip produced by NORDIC that works in the ISM frequency band of 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz. The wireless transceiver includes: Frequency Generator, Enhanced SchockBurst Mode Controller, Power Amplifier, Crystal Oscillator, Modulator and Demodulator. The wiring diagram of the chip is shown in Figure 3.
在远端终端设备上，有无线接收端接收所发送无线数据，在通过第二单片机处理分析，并将数据显示在显示器上实现电池剩余电量远程监测。当发现剩余电量低于10％触发报警装置，实现蜂鸣报警。其流程图如图2所示。On the remote terminal equipment, a wireless receiving terminal receives the transmitted wireless data, processes and analyzes it through the second single-chip microcomputer, and displays the data on the display to realize remote monitoring of the remaining battery power. When it is found that the remaining power is lower than 10%, the alarm device is triggered to realize the buzzer alarm. Its flowchart is shown in Figure 2.
最后说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be carried out Modifications or equivalent replacements, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution, should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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