CN104373922A - Steam generation device and steam generation method - Google Patents
Steam generation device and steam generation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104373922A CN104373922A CN201410658115.XA CN201410658115A CN104373922A CN 104373922 A CN104373922 A CN 104373922A CN 201410658115 A CN201410658115 A CN 201410658115A CN 104373922 A CN104373922 A CN 104373922A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 105
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010795 Steam Flooding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention provides a steam generation device which can generate steam with pressure, temperature, flow and dryness adjustable and the invention provides a dryness adjustment method. By adjusting flow of a water pump, the output flow speed of the steam can be conveniently adjusted, the pressure value of the steam can be kept constant under the action of a back pressure valve, and accordingly the steam with constant pressure is generated. By means of matching of the water pump, an electric heating wire and the back pressure valve, the steam with flow, pressure and temperature adjustable can be generated, and the output steam can be monitored through a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to test apparatus technical field, is specifically a kind of steam raising plant and mass dryness fraction control method.
Background technology
Need when carrying out DP technology simulated test pressure, temperature, flow, mass dryness fraction etc. the steam of Parameter adjustable to simulate steam drive oil production technique, Authorization Notice No. is that the Chinese utility model patent of CN 2771651Y discloses a kind of high-pressure saturated steam generator, by the use of pressure switch, the effect of steam can be ejected when reaching certain pressure, but continuous print, steam that flow is adjustable cannot be produced; Adopt the mode of boiler heating in addition, boiler body is comparatively large by the impact of environment, less stable, and system controllability and measurability is not high; Be difficult to produce continuous print pressure, temperature, flow, mass dryness fraction etc. the steam of Parameter adjustable.
Authorization Notice No. is that the Chinese utility model patent of CN 203115935 U discloses another steam generator, can reach the requirement controlling to export steam quality by the mixing of steam, hot water and temperature, the control system of pressure, mass dryness fraction monitoring system.This steam generator can realize the adjustment exporting steam quality, but adjustment adds thermal output by heating tube, system complex after needing to be blent by steam, hot water, and process is loaded down with trivial details, controls and operation inconvenience.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of steam raising plant, can produce pressure, temperature, flow, steam that mass dryness fraction is adjustable, and propose a kind of mass dryness fraction control method.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of steam raising plant, comprises water pump, check valve, electric heater, connects water pump, check valve, electric heater, counterbalance valve successively; It is characterized in that: described electric heater comprises heating pipe and heating wire, by heating wire, heating pipe is heated, described heating pipe one end connects water pump, one end exports steam, one end that heating pipe exports steam is connected with counterbalance valve, and one end that described heating pipe exports steam connects temperature sensor and pressure sensor.
Water pump continues to supply water in heating pipe, and the water of heating pipe is by after electric-heating-wire-heating, and become steam, whole process is continuous print; By adjusting the flow of water pump, the output flow velocity of steam can be adjusted easily; By the effect of counterbalance valve, the force value exporting steam can be kept constant, thus produce the steam of constant pressure; By the cooperation of water pump, heating wire, counterbalance valve, flow velocity, pressure, steam that temperature is adjustable can be produced; Can be monitored output steam by temperature sensor and pressure sensor.
The temperature that steam exports is very high, and in order to protect counterbalance valve, invention has been further improvement, heating pipe exports between one end of steam and counterbalance valve and is provided with cooler.
By cooler, steam can be cooled to water, ensure that temperature that counterbalance valve bears is lower than boiling point, thus protection counterbalance valve; In addition, the use of cooler, the medium that counterbalance valve is passed through is water, and the pressure of water, velocity ratio steam are more stable, thus makes the steam pressure of generation, flow velocity more stable, and the control of system is convenient.
Adjustment conveniently and use steam, further improve as the present invention: between electric heater and cooler, arrange the first switch valve, arrange steam and export bypass between the first switch valve and electric heater.Export in bypass at steam and second switch valve is set.
Before the use, second switch valve can cut out, be opened by the first switch valve, adjustment water pump, heating wire input power, after obtaining satisfactory steam, then open second switch valve, close the first switch valve, thus switch debugging and duty easily.
As another improvement of the present invention: electrical heating wire connects power controller.
Power control can be carried out to electrical heating wire easily by power controller.
As another improvement of the present invention, the kind of water pump is constant-flux pump.The flow speed stability of constant-flux pump, easy to adjust, further ensure that the stable of the current of heating pipe.
As a kind of better embodiment of electric heater in the present invention, described electric heater comprises combustion chamber, insulating sleeve, described heating wire winding is on combustion chamber, and described insulating sleeve is sleeved on heating wire outside, and described heating pipe is spirally wrapped around on insulating sleeve outer circumference surface.
Heating wire winding is on combustion chamber, insulating sleeve is sleeved on heating wire outside, and heating pipe is spirally wrapped around on insulating sleeve outer circumference surface, both ensure that the rigidity of heating wire, heating pipe, and the insulation between heating wire and heating pipe, also ensure that abundant conduction and the utilization of heat simultaneously.
The material of insulating sleeve is corundum.Corundum has good heat resistance, rigidity, can ensure the normal work at high temperature under high pressure of electric heater.
One as electric heater of the present invention is improved, described electric heater also comprises inner core, urceolus, heat-preservation cotton, the heating system of combustion chamber, heating wire, insulating sleeve and helical form water pipe composition is arranged on inside inner core, and urceolus suit inner core, loads heat-preservation cotton in the space between urceolus and inner core.
Heating system is arranged on inside inner core, and inner core can carry out good protection to heating system; Urceolus and heat-preservation cotton are set, while heating system is protected, the heat loss of heating system can also be prevented, raise the efficiency; Also make the temperature of outer barrel surface unlikely too high in addition, protection operating personnel.
As the further improvement of electric heater of the present invention, at the inner set temperature sensor of inner core.
By temperature sensor, the temperature of inner core can be monitored easily; After steam raising plant is finished using; cut off the power supply of heating wire; continue through water pump passes into water from flowing to heating pipe inside; water-band walks the heat of heating system internal residual; monitored by temperature sensor; when inner core temperature reaches room temperature, just can stop water flowing, thus ensure that the orderly closedown of steam raising plant.
The steam that steam raising plant of the present invention can provide pressure, temperature, stability of flow adjustable, is not only applicable to DP technology simulated test occasion, can also be used for the occasion of the steam that other need pressure, temperature, stability of flow adjustable.
The method adopting steam raising plant of the present invention to produce the saturated vapor of certain mass dryness fraction is:
(1) keep the temperature constant of input water, set the pressure of the flow of pump, pressure and counterbalance valve, start pump, be energized to electrical heating wire;
(2) improve the input power of electrical heating wire, detect the temperature of electric heater delivery outlet, when temperature-resistant, the input power of the electrical heating wire that record is now corresponding, the power P 1 of what this state was corresponding is mass dryness fraction 0% saturated vapor;
(3) continue to improve the input power of electrical heating wire, detect the temperature of electric heater delivery outlet, when temperature changes, the input power of the electrical heating wire that record is now corresponding, the power P 2 of what this shape was corresponding is mass dryness fraction 100% saturated vapor;
(4) set and wish that the steam quality value that obtains is as h, then according to the power of the corresponding steam quality of following formulae discovery:
P3=(1-h)×P1+h×P2；
(5) input power setting electrical heating wire is P3.
The method adopting technical scheme of the present invention to produce the superheated steam of certain pressure and temperature is:
(1) keep the temperature constant of input water, flow, the pressure of setting pump, the pressure of setting counterbalance valve is the pressure of required superheated steam, starts pump, is energized to electrical heating wire;
(2) improve the input power of electrical heating wire, detect the temperature of electric heater delivery outlet, when temperature-resistant, the input power of the electrical heating wire that record is now corresponding, the power P 1 of what this state was corresponding is mass dryness fraction 0% saturated vapor;
(3) continue to improve the input power of electrical heating wire, detect the temperature of electric heater delivery outlet, when temperature changes, the input power of the electrical heating wire that record is now corresponding, the power P 2 of what this shape was corresponding is mass dryness fraction 100% saturated vapor;
(4) continue to improve the input power of electrical heating wire, detect the temperature of electric heater delivery outlet simultaneously, during temperature when temperature reaches required superheated steam, firm power is constant, and now obtained steam is required superheated steam.
The heat that water in heating pipe absorbs electrical heating wire becomes steam, the state of water or steam is relevant with the heat of pressure, initial temperature, absorption, the heat and the flow that absorb, input power are relevant with loss power, pressure, initial temperature, flow is determined by step (1), also just make the state of water or steam only relevant to input power and loss power, when system reaches under thermal equilibrium state, loss power is also certain, therefore, when flow, pressure are certain, the input power of electrical heating wire and the state of steam are corresponding relation.Find performance number corresponding to 0% mass dryness fraction and 100% mass dryness fraction saturated vapor by test, then extrapolate performance number corresponding to the steam quality that will obtain accordingly, the steam of corresponding mass dryness fraction can be obtained easily.Adopt in this way, do not need to detect mass dryness fraction, avoid a difficult problem for low discharge mass dryness fraction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of a steam raising plant of the present invention embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing of electric heater in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the homologous thread of temperature and power when adopting method of the present invention generation steam.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1.
Embodiment 1 is steam raising plant involved in the present invention, by reference to the accompanying drawings 1 and Fig. 2 explanation.
In Fig. 1, water pump 2, electric heater 1, check valve 3, first switch valve 4, condenser 5, counterbalance valve 6 are connected successively by pipeline, pipeline between the first switch valve 4 and electric heater 1 arranges steam and exports bypass, export in bypass at steam and second switch valve 7 is set.Electrical heating wire 13 on electric heater 1 connects power controller 8, and power controller 8 is switched on power by v head and u head; Electric heater 1 delivery outlet arranges four-way connection, and the p mouth of four-way connection arranges pressure sensor, q mouth set temperature sensor.
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 1, as figure: heating wire 13 is wrapped on combustion chamber 14, it is outside that insulating sleeve 12 is sleeved on heating wire 13, heating pipe 11 is spirally wrapped around on insulating sleeve 12 outer circumference surface, the heating system of composition electric heater 1, this structure both ensure that the rigidity of heating wire, heating pipe, and the insulation between heating wire and heating pipe, also ensure that abundant conduction and the utilization of heat simultaneously.The heating system of combustion chamber 14, heating wire 13, insulating sleeve 12 and helical form water pipe composition is arranged on inside inner core 15, and urceolus 18 is set with inner core 15, loads heat-preservation cotton 16 in the space between urceolus 18 and inner core 15.At the inner set temperature sensor 17 of inner core, temperature signal is exported by s head.Heating system is arranged on inside inner core, and inner core can carry out good protection to heating system; Urceolus and heat-preservation cotton are set, while heating system is protected, the problem of heating system can also be prevented to scatter and disappear, raise the efficiency; The temperature of outer barrel surface is also made to be unlikely to too high in addition, protection operating personnel.
When bringing into use, close second switch valve 7, open the first switch valve 4, water is inputted by A mouth, pumps into electric heater 1 by water pump 2 by check valve 3, after becoming steam, by condenser 5 by steam condensation Cheng Shui, is flowed out from B mouth by counterbalance valve 6 by heating.The pressure of steam can be adjusted by adjustment counterbalance valve 6.By adjusting the flow of water pump, the output flow velocity of steam can be adjusted easily.Adjusted the input power of electrical heating wire 13 by power controller 8, the heat that water absorbs can be adjusted, by adjustment counterbalance valve 6 and the input power adjusting power supply, the steam under different conditions can be obtained.Detected the pressure exporting steam by p mouth, detected the temperature exporting steam by t mouth.Adjust complete and after obtaining satisfactory steam, then open second switch valve 7, close the first switch valve 4, export satisfactory steam from C mouth.After finishing using; cut off the power supply of heating wire 13; continue through water pump 2 passes into water from flowing to heating pipe inside; water-band walks the heat of heating system internal residual; monitored by temperature sensor 17; when inner core temperature reaches room temperature, just can stop water flowing, thus ensure that the orderly closedown of steam raising plant.
Cooler 5 cools steam, ensure that temperature that counterbalance valve bears is lower than boiling point, thus protection counterbalance valve 6; In addition, cooled water also serves the effect of stable steam pressure, flow velocity.The setting of check valve 3, ensure that the stable of current and hydraulic pressure in heating pipe 11.
The kind of water pump 2 is constant-flux pumps.The flow speed stability of constant-flux pump, easy to adjust, further ensure that the stable of the current of heating pipe 11.
The material of insulating sleeve 12 is corundum.Corundum has good heat resistance, rigidity, can ensure the normal work at high temperature under high pressure of electric heater.
Embodiment 2.
Embodiment 2 is the methods adopting the steam raising plant of embodiment 1 to produce the steam of certain mass dryness fraction, 1,2,3 explanations by reference to the accompanying drawings.
First set the flow of pump 2 and the pressure of pressure and counterbalance valve 6, connect v head and u head power supply, by the power of power controller 8 control inputs electrical heating wire 13; The water of heating pipe 11 absorbs heat, and temperature increases, volumetric expansion, and pressure is corresponding to be increased, and by the pressure of p mouth monitoring delivery outlet, by the temperature of t mouth monitoring outlet, under the effect of counterbalance valve, the maintain constant pressure of water, finally reaches poised state.
Then the input power of electrical heating wire 13 is improved by power controller 8, the pressure and temperature of monitoring delivery outlet, when the water of delivery outlet not yet reaches capacity water state, the temperature of delivery outlet raises with the rising of power, when the temperature of delivery outlet reaches capacity water state, now corresponding input power is P1, and the temperature exporting steam is T1.
Continue the input power improving electrical heating wire 13, temperature, the pressure of monitoring delivery outlet, now delivery outlet fluid starts to gas phase conversion, and the temperature exporting steam remains T1, along with the raising of power, liquid phase reduces gradually, gas phase increases gradually, until be finally all converted into gas phase; In this section of process, the state of delivery outlet fluid is the saturated moist steam of liquid and gas mixing, and according to thermodynamic principles, the temperature of saturated moist steam does not change, and the curve state be reflected on Fig. 3 is the straight line of a level.When the fluid state of delivery outlet all becomes gas phase, along with the raising of power, temperature starts to rise, the input power of the electrical heating wire that record is now corresponding, the power P 2 of what this shape was corresponding is mass dryness fraction 100% saturated vapor.
Performance number corresponding to the known state 1 part of water being heated to saturation water of above process is P1, and 1 part of water is heated to performance number corresponding to saturated dry saturated steam is P2.If wish that the steam quality value obtained is the saturation water that the steam of h, mass dryness fraction h represents containing the saturated dry saturated steam of h part and (1-h) in 1 part of water vapour, by the performance number that h part water is heated to corresponding to saturated solid carbon dioxide steam condition be: h × P2; By the performance number that (1-h) part water is heated to corresponding to saturated-water phase be: (1-h) × P1; Therefore, the performance number of 1 part of mass dryness fraction value corresponding to the moist steam of h is:
P3=(1-h)×P1+h×P2。
The input power of setting electrical heating wire is P3, just can obtain the moist steam that mass dryness fraction value is h.
Embodiment 3.
Embodiment 3 is the methods adopting the steam raising plant of embodiment 1 to produce superheated steam, 1,2,3 explanations by reference to the accompanying drawings.
First the identical method of embodiment 2 is adopted to obtain the saturated vapor that mass dryness fraction is 100%.Continue to improve power output by power controller 8, the steam of delivery outlet obtains more heat, thus be superheated steam from saturated-vapor state transition, in power raising process, the temperature of superheated steam also continues to raise, and when reaching the vapor (steam) temperature T2 needing to reach, input power is P4, stablizing input power by power controller is P4, just can obtain required superheated steam.
Claims (10)
1. a steam raising plant, comprises water pump, check valve, electric heater, connects water pump, check valve, electric heater, counterbalance valve successively; It is characterized in that: described electric heater comprises heating pipe and heating wire, by heating wire, heating pipe is heated, described heating pipe one end connects water pump, one end exports steam, one end that heating pipe exports steam is connected with counterbalance valve, and one end that described heating pipe exports steam connects temperature sensor and pressure sensor.
2. steam raising plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that: heating pipe exports between one end of steam and counterbalance valve and is provided with cooler.
3. steam raising plant according to claim 2, is characterized in that: between electric heater and cooler, arrange the first switch valve, arranges steam and export bypass between the first switch valve and electric heater, exports in bypass arrange second switch valve at steam.
4. the steam raising plant according to claims 1 to 3 any one, is characterized in that: electrical heating wire connects power controller.
5. the steam raising plant according to claims 1 to 3 any one, is characterized in that: the kind of water pump is constant-flux pump.
6. the steam raising plant according to claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that: described electric heater comprises combustion chamber, insulating sleeve, described heating wire winding is on combustion chamber, described insulation alundum tube is sleeved on heating wire outside, and described heating pipe is spirally wrapped around on insulation alundum tube outer circumference surface.
7. steam raising plant according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described electric heater also comprises inner core, urceolus, heat-preservation cotton, combustion chamber, heating wire, insulating sleeve and helical form water pipe are arranged on inside inner core, urceolus suit inner core, loads heat-preservation cotton in the space between urceolus and inner core.
8. steam raising plant according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the material of described insulating sleeve is corundum.
9. a steam generation method, the steps include:
(1) keep the temperature constant of input water, set the pressure of the flow of pump, pressure and counterbalance valve, start pump, be energized to electrical heating wire;
(2) improve the input power of electrical heating wire, detect the temperature of electric heater delivery outlet, when temperature-resistant, the input power of the electrical heating wire that record is now corresponding, the power P 1 of what this state was corresponding is mass dryness fraction 0% saturated vapor;
(3) continue to improve the input power of electrical heating wire, detect the temperature of electric heater delivery outlet, when temperature changes, the input power of the electrical heating wire that record is now corresponding, the power P 2 of what this shape was corresponding is mass dryness fraction 100% saturated vapor;
(4) set and wish that the saturated vapor dryness value that obtains is as h, then according to the power of the corresponding steam quality of following formulae discovery:
P3=(1-h)×P1+h×P2；
(5) input power setting electrical heating wire is P3.
10. a steam generation method, the steps include:
(1) keep the temperature constant of input water, flow, the pressure of setting pump, the pressure of setting counterbalance valve is the pressure of required superheated steam, starts pump, is energized to electrical heating wire;
(2) improve the input power of electrical heating wire, detect the temperature of electric heater delivery outlet, when temperature-resistant, the input power of the electrical heating wire that record is now corresponding, the power P 1 of what this state was corresponding is mass dryness fraction 0% saturated vapor;
(3) continue to improve the input power of electrical heating wire, detect the temperature of electric heater delivery outlet, when temperature changes, the input power of the electrical heating wire that record is now corresponding, the power P 2 of what this shape was corresponding is mass dryness fraction 100% saturated vapor;
(4) continue to improve the input power of electrical heating wire, detect the temperature of electric heater delivery outlet simultaneously, during temperature when temperature reaches required superheated steam, firm power is constant, and now obtained steam is required superheated steam.
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| CN201410658115.XA CN104373922B (en) | 2014-11-19 | 2014-11-19 | A kind of steam raising plant and steam generation method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105023498A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-11-04 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Steam generator test system |
| CN105716062A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-29 | 西北大学 | Water steam generation device for quantitatively controlling steam amount of outlet and use method |
| CN105890235A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-24 | 海信（山东）空调有限公司 | Dryness control device and method for two-phase flow cooling system |
| CN108302516A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-07-20 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | A kind of segmented steam generator and its system |
| CN112426113A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Superheated steam generation method, device and equipment and dish washing machine |
| CN112471993A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-12 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Superheated steam generating device and method for disinfecting dish washing machine and dish washing machine |
| CN114893761A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-08-12 | 克拉玛依市城投油砂矿勘探有限责任公司 | Steam heating method and system based on steam dryness measurement |
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| CN112426113B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-02-25 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Superheated steam generation method, device and equipment and dish washing machine |
| CN112471993A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-12 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Superheated steam generating device and method for disinfecting dish washing machine and dish washing machine |
| CN114893761A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-08-12 | 克拉玛依市城投油砂矿勘探有限责任公司 | Steam heating method and system based on steam dryness measurement |
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| CN104373922B (en) | 2016-03-16 |
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