CN104372225B - Preparation method of cast-state Mg-Gd-Zn(-Zr) alloy with LPSO structure - Google Patents

Preparation method of cast-state Mg-Gd-Zn(-Zr) alloy with LPSO structure Download PDF

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CN104372225B
CN104372225B CN201410668925.3A CN201410668925A CN104372225B CN 104372225 B CN104372225 B CN 104372225B CN 201410668925 A CN201410668925 A CN 201410668925A CN 104372225 B CN104372225 B CN 104372225B
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alloy
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cast condition
magnesium
lpso structure
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CN104372225A (en
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吴玉娟
都亚仙
彭立明
孙明
郑飞燕
陈娟
曾小勤
丁文江
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C23/00Alloys based on magnesium
    • C22C23/04Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a cast-state Mg-Gd-Zn(-Zr) alloy with an LPSO structure. The preparation method comprises the following steps: heating a magnesium ingot till the magnesium ingot is completely molten under the condition of existence of a protective gas according to the alloy component and stoichiometric proportion, and adding Mg-Gd intermediate alloy; regulating warming rate, adding industrial pure Zn or orderly adding Mg-Zr intermediate alloy and industrial pure Zn after the Mg-Gd intermediate alloy is molten; turning off power after all raw materials are molten, smelting, and reheating to 700-740 DEG C after the molten metal is solidified, and casting to form the Mg-Gd-Zn(-Zr) cast ingot with the LPSO structure. The magnesium alloy grain boundary X phase and transgranular LPSO structure are in coexistence by reasonably designing the solidification speed and optimizing smelting process while casting the alloy; the structure can strengthen and toughen the magnesium alloy. The magnesium alloy can be obtained by only smelting, and the preparation method has the advantages of being simple in process, short in production period and high in efficiency.

Description

There is the preparation method of the as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn (- Zr) alloy of LPSO structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of metal, more particularly, to a kind of there is LPSO structure as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn (- Zr) the preparation method of alloy.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy is because its density is low, better than performance, damping performance is good, electrical and thermal conductivity performance is well in Aeronautics and Astronautics, fortune The defeated, industrial department such as chemical industry, electronics is widely used.But magnesium alloy obdurability difference etc. also governs sending out of magnesium alloy Exhibition.In recent years, based on the aging hardening effect that RE element is excellent, the interest that people develop Mg-RE magnesium alloy is increasingly dense, multiple Based on RE, the novel magnesium alloy priority of added elements is developed, such as WE54, WE43 alloy of Mg-Y system etc..Due to Gd (than Y, (3.75% (at%)/12.47% (wt%) has bigger maximum solid solution to 4.53% (at%)/23.49% (wt%) Degree, and its solid solubility be exponentially substantially reduced with the reduction of temperature (when 200 DEG C, solid solubility drop to 0.61% (at%)/ 3.82% (wt%)), this shows that Mg-Gd is the Magnesium Alloys that typically can realize precipitation strength by heat treatment completely.This Outward, under steady creep speed, binary Mg-Gd alloy also has than WE43, QE22 more preferable creep resistance, therefore all with In the magnesium alloy of added elements based on RE, Gd gets most of the attention due to having more prominent solution strengthening and ageing strengthening effect than Y.
Add cheap Zn or Cu in Mg-RE alloy, not only the Precipitation group regulating and controlling this alloy system is woven with more Obvious action, and another of magnesium alloy research in recent years important is the discovery that:Under suitable addition and process conditions, A kind of new long period stacking order structure-LPSO structure can be formed in Mg-RE alloy system.LPSO structure is to learn in recent years One study hotspot of art circle, researcher thinks that this structure can put forward heavy alloyed intensity and plasticity further, and it acts on and machine System is increasingly subject to the attention of researcher, and this provides a new thinking for the Strengthening and Toughening of Mg-RE alloy system, opens the imagination Space, thus put forward heavy alloyed room temperature and high temperature tensile properties, creep-resistant property etc. further.Applicant is delivering document ([1] WuY.J., Zeng X.Q., Lin D.L., Peng L.M., Ding w.J., The microstructure evolution with lamellar 14H-type LPSO structure in an Mg96.5Gd2.5Zn1alloy During solid solution heat treatment at 773K, J.Alloys Compd., 2009,447:193- 197. [2] Wu Y.J., Lin D.L., Zeng X.Q., Peng L.M., Ding W.J.Formation of a lamellar 14H-type long period stacking ordered structure in an as-cast Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr Alloy, J.Mater.Sci., 2009.44:1607-1612. [3] Wu Y.J., Peng L.M.*, Lin D.L., et al., A High-strength extruded Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy with superplasticity, J.Mater.Res., 2009,24 (12):3596-3602.Ding W.J. [4] WuY.J., Peng L. M., et al, Formation of 14H- type long period stacking ordered structure in the as-cast and solid- Solution-treated Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr alloys, J.Mater.Res., 2009,24 (5):Report in 1842-1854.) Road:Find to form transgranular LPSO structure during Mg-Gd-Zn (- Zr) alloy casting state, after solution treatment, grain boundaries form and have LPSO knot The X phase of structure.Matsuda M etc. is in document ([5] Matsuda M, Ii S, Kawamura Y, et al.Interaction between long period stacking order phase and deformation twin in rapidly solidified Mg97Zn1Y2alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A, 2004,386 (1): 447-452. [6] Matsuda M, Ando S, Nishida M.Dislocation structure in rapidly solidified Mg97Zn1Y2alloy with long period stacking order phase[J].Materials Transactions, 2005,46 (2):361-364.) middle research report:X phase and matrix are complete symbiosis and epibiosis, so coordinating It is very capable that matrix deforms, and plasticity preferably, can be coordinated with the flexural deformation of matrix the flexural deformation of wide-angle, It can be by coordinating the plastic deformation of matrix and then improving intensity and the plasticity of alloy.Published magnesium alloy material and starting Machine part (publication number CN102747261) prepares LPSO structure after the heat treatment, but the method long the production cycle;Magnesium closes In alloy structure during golden material and preparation method thereof patent (publication number CN101802235A/ publication number CN101622366A) as cast condition Without X phase it is impossible to crystal boundary X phase be better achieved and the room temperature to cast alloy when transgranular LPSO structure coexists under intensity and plasticity Raising.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the defect overcoming above-mentioned prior art to exist, provide a kind of as cast condition with LPSO structure The preparation method of Mg-Gd-Zn (- Zr) alloy.Prepared as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn (- Zr) alloy has crystal boundary X phase and transgranular long week Phase stacking order structure.It is contemplated that by changing alloying component and solidifying process path and parameter, obtaining a kind of as cast condition When the crystal boundary X phase and Mg-Gd-Zn (- Zr) alloy that coexists of transgranular LPSO structure, and under this kind of Alloy At Room Temperature intensity and Plastic phase be relatively In cast alloy no X phase when be greatly improved.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn (- Zr) alloy, methods described comprises the steps of:
A, the composition pressing alloy and stoichiometric proportion, calculate the consumption of needed raw material;Described raw material is magnesium ingot, technical pure Zn, Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, or also include Mg-Zr intermediate alloy;
B, by magnesium ingot protective gas presence under conditions of be heated to being completely melt after, add Mg-Gd intermediate alloy;Adjust Heating rate, adds pure Zn after the fusing of Mg-Gd intermediate alloy;
Or, after being heated to being completely melt under conditions of protective gas presence by magnesium ingot, adding Mg-Gd intermediate alloy;Adjust Section heating rate, adds Mg-Zr intermediate alloy after Mg-Gd intermediate alloy melts;Add after Mg-Zr intermediate alloy melts Pure Zn;
C, power-off after whole melting sources, melting, casting when being reheated to 700~740 DEG C after molten metal solidification, It is cast as Mg-Gd-Zn (- Zr) ingot casting.
The as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn (- Zr) alloy that the present invention is obtained, described alloy includes following component:Gd, Zn, Zr, impurity Element weight percent total amount is less than 0.02%, balance of Mg;Described as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn (- Zr) alloy have crystal boundary X phase and Transgranular long period stacking order structure.Wherein, Gd/Zn atomic ratio is 0~0.2 for 0.5: 1~3: 1, Zr atomic percentage conc.
Preferably, in described raw material Mg-Gd intermediate alloy, the weight/mass percentage composition of Gd is 20~90%.
Preferably, also include the step of raw material preheating to 200~250 DEG C before described step B.
Preferably, described protective gas is argon gas, or the SF containing 0.2% volume fraction6SF6And CO2Mixed gas.
Preferably, in step C, described melting is:It is reheated to all melt and stir after molten metal solidification, Power-off;Cast after melt back 2~5 times.
Preferably, described melting mode is induction melting, carries out in graphite crucible.
Preferably, in described magnesium ingot, the mass fraction of content of magnesium is more than 99.95%, the matter of Zn content in described technical pure Zn Amount fraction is more than 99.99%.
Preferably, during casting, cooling velocity is less than 50K/s.Under this cooling rate, as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn (- Zr) alloy has simultaneously There are crystal boundary X phase and transgranular long period stacking order structure (LPSO structure).Wherein cooling velocity is more preferably 5~50K/s.
Preferably, in described Mg-Gd-Zn (- Zr) ingot casting, impurity element includes Fe, Cu and Ni, and described impurity element accounts for conjunction The weight percent content of golden gross weight is respectively:Fe < 0.005%, Cu < 0.0148%, Ni < 0.002%.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
1st, present invention process is simple, with short production cycle, efficiency high.
2nd, the present invention pass through alloy casting when the appropriate design of setting rate and smelting technology optimization, in as cast condition Mg- Crystal boundary X phase can be realized in Gd-Zn (- Zr) alloy and transgranular LPSO structure coexists, and intensity and plasticity under this kind of Alloy At Room Temperature Compared in cast alloy no X phase when increase.
Brief description
The detailed description with reference to the following drawings, non-limiting example made by reading, the further feature of the present invention, Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is Mg-3Gd-1Zn (atomic percentage) alloy of as cast condition stacking order containing long period structure in the present invention SEM pattern;Wherein, a is Mg-3Gd-1Zn alloy SEM pattern during low power, and b is Mg-3Gd-1Zn alloy SEM pattern during high power.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will be helpful to the technology of this area Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill to this area For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some deformation can also be made and improve.These broadly fall into the present invention Protection domain.
Embodiment 1
Using pure magnesium (purity of Mg is more than or equal to 99.95%), Mg-20Gd (mass percent) intermediate alloy, pure zinc (Zn Purity be more than or equal to 99.99%), (equal to rational impurity by Mg-0.5Gd-1Zn (atomic percentage) alloying component proportioning It is not considered, when choosing raw material, the few raw material of impurity should be chosen as far as possible).
Using high-frequency induction heating melting magnesium alloy, during melting, first all raw materials are preheated to 200 DEG C in an oven, Then add pure magnesium in graphite crucible, heated under argon gas protection, after magnesium ingot is completely melt, add Mg-Gd Intermediate alloy, adjusts heating rate, adds pure Zn, be all molten into power-off after molten metal after Mg-20Gd intermediate alloy melts, It is reheated to be completely melt when molten metal is solidified as solid-state, and stirs and make molten metal mix rear power-off, repeatedly melt After refining 2 times, reheat again when molten metal is solidified as solid-state, be heated to when 700 DEG C, being cast to the sand mold of 200 DEG C of preheating In, the actual measurement of its cooling velocity is about 5K/s.The Mg- that when finally obtaining a kind of as cast condition, crystal boundary X phase and transgranular LPSO structure coexist 0.5Gd-1Zn (atomic percentage) alloy and its preparation technology.
Above-mentioned as-cast magnesium alloy is carried out tensile tests at room, stretching-machine is Zwick BTC--FR020TN.A50 type electronics Universal testing machine.Obtain Alloy At Room Temperature under stretching tensile strength be (120) MPa, yield strength be (90) MPa, elongation percentage For (9) %;By this kind of alloy tensile tensile strength without X phase during the as cast condition of resistance furnace melting be (105) MPa, surrender strong Spending for (80) MPa, elongation percentage is (6) %.Therefore, the magnesium alloy strength of preparation and plasticity are better than during as cast condition without crystal boundary X phase Magnesium alloy.
Embodiment 2
Using pure magnesium (purity of Mg is more than or equal to 99.95%), Mg-50Gd (mass percent) intermediate alloy, pure zinc (Zn Purity be more than or equal to 99.99%), by Mg-2Gd-1Zn-0.1Zr (atomic fraction) alloying component proportioning (to rational impurity All it is not considered, when choosing raw material, the few raw material of impurity should be chosen as far as possible).
Using high-frequency induction heating melting magnesium alloy, during melting, first all raw materials are preheated to 225 DEG C in an oven, Then add pure magnesium in graphite crucible, in SF6And C02Mixed gas (SF6Volume fraction accounts for 0.2%) protection under carry out Heating, after magnesium ingot is completely melt, adds Mg-50Gd intermediate alloy, adjusts heating rate, treats that Mg-50Gd intermediate alloy melts After add pure Zn.All it is molten into power-off after molten metal, be reheated to be completely melt when molten metal is solidified as solid-state, and stir Mix and make molten metal mix rear power-off, reheat when molten metal is solidified as solid-state, that is, after melt back 3 times, be heated to It is cast to when 730 DEG C in sand mold, its cooling velocity is surveyed as 10K/s.Crystal boundary X phase and transgranular LPSO when finally obtaining a kind of as cast condition Mg-2Gd-1Zn-0.1Zr ((atomic percentage) alloy and its preparation technology that structure coexists.
Above-mentioned as-cast magnesium alloy is carried out tensile tests at room, stretching-machine is Zwick BTC--FR020TN.A50 type electronics Universal testing machine.Obtain Alloy At Room Temperature under stretching tensile strength be (200) MPa, yield strength be (117) MPa, elongation percentage For (10.4) %;It is (165) MPa, surrender by this kind of alloy tensile tensile strength without X phase during the as cast condition of resistance furnace melting Intensity is (103) MPa, elongation percentage is (3.7) %, and therefore, the magnesium alloy strength of preparation and plasticity are better than during as cast condition not containing crystal boundary X The magnesium alloy of phase.
Embodiment 3
Using pure magnesium (purity of Mg be more than or equal to 99.95%), Mg-90Gd (mass fraction) intermediate alloy, pure zinc (Zn's Purity is more than or equal to 99.99%), (rational impurity is not all examined by Mg-3Gd-1Zn (atomic fraction) alloying component proportioning Consider, when choosing raw material, the few raw material of impurity should be chosen as far as possible).
Using high-frequency induction heating melting magnesium alloy, during melting, first all raw materials are preheated to 225 DEG C in an oven, Then add pure magnesium in graphite crucible, heated under argon gas protection, after magnesium ingot is completely melt, add Mg-Gd Intermediate alloy, adjusts heating rate, adds pure Zn after Mg-Gd intermediate alloy melts.All it is molten into power-off after molten metal, It is reheated to be completely melt when molten metal is solidified as solid-state, and stirs and make molten metal mix rear power-off, treat molten metal It is solidified as reheating during solid-state, that is, after melt back 3 times, be heated to when 740 DEG C being cast to wall thickness 5mm punching block, survey it cold But speed is 35K/s.Mg-3Gd-1Zn (the atom hundred of as cast condition stacking order containing the long period structure that Fig. 1 is obtained for the present embodiment Fraction) alloy SEM pattern;As shown in Figure 1, can see in shape appearance figure under low power that grain boundaries have two kinds of different contrasts Phase, can be clearly seen that during high power that the phase one of grain boundaries is dendritic eutectic β phase, another kind of X phase for lamellar;This Outward, transgranular also have lamellar LPSO structure.The Mg- that when finally obtaining a kind of as cast condition, crystal boundary X phase and transgranular LPSO structure coexist 3Gd-1Zn (atomic percentage) alloy and its preparation technology.
Above-mentioned as-cast magnesium alloy is carried out tensile tests at room, stretching-machine is Zwick BTC--FR020TN.A50 type electronics Universal testing machine.Obtain Alloy At Room Temperature under stretching tensile strength be (225) MPa, yield strength be (135) MPa, elongation percentage For (10.1) %;It is (210) MPa, surrender by this kind of alloy tensile tensile strength without X phase during the as cast condition of resistance furnace melting Intensity is (120) MPa, elongation percentage is (2.5) %, and therefore, the magnesium alloy strength of preparation and plasticity are better than during as cast condition not containing crystal boundary X The magnesium alloy of phase.
Embodiment 4
The Mg-Gd intermediate alloy being 90 using pure magnesium (purity of Mg is more than or equal to 99.95%), Gd weight/mass percentage composition, Pure zinc (purity of Zn is more than or equal to 99.99%), by Mg-4Gd-2Zn-0.2Zr (atomic fraction) alloying component proportioning (to reasonable Impurity be all not considered, choose raw material when, the few raw material of impurity should be chosen as far as possible).
Using high-frequency induction heating melting magnesium alloy, during melting, first all raw materials are preheated to 225 DEG C in an oven, Then add pure magnesium in graphite crucible, heated under argon gas protection, after magnesium ingot is completely melt, add Mg-Gd Intermediate alloy, adjusts heating rate, adds Mg-Zr intermediate alloy after Mg-Gd intermediate alloy melts;Treat Mg-Zr intermediate alloy Pure Zn is added after thawing.All it is molten into power-off after molten metal, be reheated to be completely melt when molten metal is solidified as solid-state, And stir and make molten metal mix rear power-off, reheat again when molten metal is solidified as solid-state, that is, after melt back 5 times, It is heated to being cast to, when 750 DEG C, the punching block that inner surface scribbles graphite linings, surveying its cooling velocity is 50K/s, and final acquisition is a kind of Mg-4Gd-2Zn-0.2Zr (atomic percentage) alloy and its preparation work that during as cast condition, crystal boundary X phase and transgranular LPSO structure coexist Skill.
Above-mentioned as-cast magnesium alloy is carried out tensile tests at room, stretching-machine is Zwick BTC--FR020TN.A50 type electronics Universal testing machine.Obtain Alloy At Room Temperature under stretching tensile strength be (235) MPa, yield strength be (147) MPa, elongation percentage For (11.1) %;It is (219) MPa, surrender by this kind of alloy tensile tensile strength without X phase during the as cast condition of resistance furnace melting Intensity is (139) MPa, elongation percentage is (4.7) %, and therefore, the magnesium alloy strength of preparation and plasticity are better than during as cast condition not containing crystal boundary X The magnesium alloy of phase.
Above the specific embodiment of the present invention is described.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various modifications or modification within the scope of the claims, this not shadow Ring the flesh and blood of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. the preparation method of a kind of as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn alloy with LPSO structure or Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy, its feature exists In methods described comprises the steps of:
A, the composition pressing alloy and stoichiometric proportion, calculate the consumption of needed raw material;Described raw material is magnesium ingot, technical pure Zn, Mg- Gd intermediate alloy, or also include Mg-Zr intermediate alloy;
B, by magnesium ingot protective gas presence under conditions of be heated to being completely melt after, add Mg-Gd intermediate alloy;Adjust and heat up Speed, adds technical pure Zn after the fusing of Mg-Gd intermediate alloy;
Or, after being heated to being completely melt under conditions of protective gas presence by magnesium ingot, adding Mg-Gd intermediate alloy;Adjust and rise Warm speed, adds Mg-Zr intermediate alloy after Mg-Gd intermediate alloy melts;Add industry after Mg-Zr intermediate alloy melts Pure Zn;
C, power-off after whole melting sources, melting, casting when being reheated to 700~740 DEG C after molten metal solidification, casting Become there is Mg-Gd-Zn the or Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr ingot casting of LPSO structure;
During casting, cooling velocity is less than 50K/s.
2. the system of the as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn alloy with LPSO structure according to claim 1 or Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy Preparation Method it is characterised in that in described Mg-Gd intermediate alloy Gd weight/mass percentage composition be 20~90%.
3. the system of the as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn alloy with LPSO structure according to claim 1 or Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy Preparation Method is it is characterised in that also include the step of raw material preheating to 200~250 DEG C before described step B.
4. the system of the as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn alloy with LPSO structure according to claim 1 or Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy Preparation Method is it is characterised in that described protective gas is argon gas, or the SF containing 0.2% volume fraction6SF6And CO2Gaseous mixture Body.
5. the system of the as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn alloy with LPSO structure according to claim 1 or Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy Preparation Method is it is characterised in that described melting is:It is reheated to all melt and stir after molten metal solidification, power-off; Melt back 2~5 times.
6. the system of the as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn alloy with LPSO structure according to claim 1 or Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy Preparation Method is it is characterised in that described melting is induction melting.
7. the system of the as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn alloy with LPSO structure according to claim 1 or Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy Preparation Method it is characterised in that in described magnesium ingot content of magnesium mass fraction be more than 99.95%, Zn content in described technical pure Zn Mass fraction be more than 99.99%.
8. the system of the as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn alloy with LPSO structure according to claim 1 or Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy Preparation Method is it is characterised in that described as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn alloy or Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy have crystal boundary X phase and transgranular simultaneously Long period stacking order structure.
9. the system of the as cast condition Mg-Gd-Zn alloy with LPSO structure according to claim 1 or Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr alloy Preparation Method is it is characterised in that in described Mg-Gd-Zn or Mg-Gd-Zn-Zr ingot casting, Gd/Zn atomic ratio is 0.5:1~3:1, Zr Atomic percentage conc is 0~0.2, and impurity element percentage by weight total amount is less than 0.02%;Described impurity element include Fe, Cu and Ni, the weight percent content that described impurity element accounts for alloy gross weight is respectively:Fe < 0.005%, Cu < 0.0148%, Ni < 0.002%.
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CN106801206A (en) * 2017-04-01 2017-06-06 宝钛集团有限公司 A kind of method of the Mg RE Zn systems Alloy At Room Temperature plasticity for improving the phase of structure containing LPSO
CN107058839B (en) * 2017-04-26 2018-05-29 太原理工大学 A kind of orderly stacking provisions of long period mutually enhance the preparation method of magnesium gadolinium zinc calloy plate
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