Prepare the method for Linezolid IV crystal formation
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemosynthesis technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method preparing Linezolid IV crystal formation.
Background technology
Linezolid (linezolide), be first man work synthesis for clinical novel oxazolidinone class antimicrobial drug, be used for the treatment of gram-positive (G+) coccigenic infection, comprise by cause doubtful of MRSA or make a definite diagnosis nosocomial pneumonia (HAP), community acquired pneumonia (CAP), complicacy skin or skin soft-tissue infection (SSTI) and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) infects.Its chemical name (S)-N [[3-[the fluoro-4-of 3-(4-morpholinyl) phenyl]-2-oxo-5-oxazolidinyl] methyl] ethanamide, molecular formula is C
16h
20fN
3o
4;
Structural formula is:
About the crystal formation of Linezolid report just like, WO 2005/035530, US 2008/0319191, US2006/0111350, mainly enumerates I crystal formation that this compound is common, II crystal formation, III crystal formation, IV crystal formation and preparation method thereof, is mainly concerned with and propyl carbinol, toluene, dimethylbenzene, DMF, DMEA, pyridine equal solvent mixes, close at the temperature of boiling point, the crystal seed adding target crystal formation carries out crystal formation conversion, but described in these, solvent toxicity is larger, solvent-oil ratio is also large, and the molten residual problem of finished product is difficult to solve.
The Infrared spectra adsorption of Linezolid I crystal formation is at 3284,3092,1753,1728,1649,1565,1519,1447,1435cm
-1, fusing point, at 181.5 DEG C-182.5 DEG C, has high-temperature stability.But show through research, this compound is then stable with II crystal formation below 80 DEG C, the feature diffract spectral line of the X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) of II crystal formation is expressed as (2 θ/°): 7.10,9.54,13.88,14.23,16.18,16.79,17.69,19.41,19.69,19.93,21.63,22.39,23.52,24.16,25.28,26.66,27.77.At present be all II crystal formation for clinical trial and the Linezolid that gone on the market, but this crystal formation patent protection, domestic market can not use II brilliant raw material.
Controlled trial (US2008/0319191) under condition of different temperatures shows, IV crystal linezolid also can stable existence, especially easily preserves under normal temperature, not easily occur to turn brilliant, detect through XRD, the feature diffract spectral line of the X-ray powder diffraction of this crystal formation is (2 θ/°): 7.04,7.33,9.34,13.50,14.70,18.00,21.01,22.10,25.40.
US Patent No. 5688792, US5837870 discloses the synthetic method of Linezolid, many other are also had to relate to the open source literature of this compou nd synthesis, as West China pharmaceutical journal (W C J.PS) 2007,22(2) 179-181), medical chemistry magazine (J.Med, Chem) 39 (3), 673-679 (1996), Tet Lett (Tetrahedron Lett) .40 (26,4855 (1999), PCT/US98/20934, the WO99/24393 synthetic methods also all successively disclosing Linezolid.
In the synthetic method of above-mentioned open source literature, relate to the refining method of this compound and all employ greatly and comprise by ethyl acetate, sherwood oil, normal hexane, acetone, acetonitrile, the single solvents such as octane-iso or mixed system, because the non-common solvent of octane-iso and so on is expensive, cost is higher, the low boiling point solvent of ethers is inflammable and explosive, acetonitrile, the solvent toxicity of methyl alcohol and so on is comparatively large, and the solvability of ethyl acetate to this compound is bad, therefore and be not suitable for suitability for industrialized production usage quantity is comparatively large.
Adopt the single solvent (10mg/200mL) of Virahol in US7714128B2 and 80 DEG C of stirring and dissolving, then be cooled to 0 DEG C and stir 90min, obtaining III type.Also the single solvent (10mg/200mL) of Virahol can be adopted 80 DEG C of stirring and dissolving simultaneously, then after being cooled to 0 DEG C, add III type crystal seed, 0 DEG C of insulation crystallization, obtains III type.Crystal seed is changed into reference to the method the Linezolid that IV type can not prepare IV crystal formation, the factors such as visual solubilization temperature, material ratio, crystal seed are all very important influence factors to the preparation of crystal formation.
Adopt n-propyl alcohol to heat 90 DEG C of dissolvings in CN102070548,80 DEG C steam solvent crystallization, lower the temperature 10 DEG C, are refunded by the n-propyl alcohol evaporated again, be cooled to 20 DEG C, filter, filter cake quality is the normal heptane washing of 90g, at 40 DEG C, vacuum-drying under-0.009MPa, obtains I type.This preparation method is complicated, uses solvent easily to cause environmental pollution.
At present, a modal class prepares the mode of Linezolid IV type is use the large solvent of toxicity and heat to turn brilliant.Solvent as used in Linezolid IV type prepared by US 2008/0319191A1, US20060142283 is the single solvent of toluene, methyl alcohol or dimethylbenzene, and these three kinds of solvents all belong to Equations of The Second Kind solvent, and this kind solvent has animal carinogenicity.Therefore, stricter to the requirement of residual solvent when quality inspection; Meanwhile, have employed the method that heating turns brilliant when preparing Linezolid IV type in US 2008/0319191A1 and US20060142283, the method temperature required higher (reaching 170 DEG C), easily produces impurity; In US 2008/0319191A1, prepare Linezolid IV type also use the method using recrystallizing methanol, but required methanol solvate more (1g/60mL), therefore, cost is higher; The suspendible solvent (ratio is about 1.1g/10mL) adopting the single solvent of toluene or dimethylbenzene to be prepared into when preparing Linezolid IV type in US 2008/0319191A1 and US20060142283, stirs, and make it occur to turn brilliant, but this method cost is higher.
In the preparation process of prior art IV crystal linezolid, there is organic solvent residual, complex process, high in cost of production technological deficiency.Therefore, the preparation method of Linezolid IV crystal formation need be improved, to overcome the defect of prior art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the technological deficiency of organic solvent residual in existing technological process, complex process, high in cost of production problem, provide a kind of stable, simple to operate, with low cost, efficient preparation technology, with applicable industrialized production.
From the angle of suitability for industrialized production, the invention provides a kind of method preparing Linezolid IV crystal formation.Comprise: Linezolid raw material added in solvent, stirs, be heated to backflow, all dissolve rear continuation backflow 20-60min to Linezolid.Stop stirring, add Linezolid IV Form seeds and Temperature fall to 15 DEG C-45 DEG C of crystallizatioies, suction filtration, 60 DEG C-100 DEG C oven dry, to obtain final product;
Wherein said solvent is one or more in water, n-propyl alcohol, Virahol, preferred Virahol;
The weightmeasurement ratio (W/V) of described Linezolid and solvent is 1:1-1:15, preferred 1:7;
The described weight of Linezolid IV Jingjing kind and the weight ratio (W/W) of bulk drug are 1:5-1:20, preferred 1:10;
The temperature of described crystallization preferably 25 DEG C-35 DEG C;
The described temperature preferably 70 DEG C stating oven dry.
This technique gained finished product is white or off-white color; To gained finished product, adopt Cu K alpha-ray, carry out X-ray powder diffraction analysis (Rigaku (Rigaku D/Max-2550pc type X-ray polycrystalline diffractometer), measured power is 40kV × 250mA, sweep velocity 5 °/min, walk wide 0.02 °, θ-2 θ continuous sweep of sweep limit 3-40 ° (2 θ).Result shows, angle 2 θ of its X-ray powder diffraction 7.33,9.33,13.45,14.70,17.97,20.94,22.17,25.41 (°) place has characteristic peak, through contrast, confirmation products therefrom be IV crystal formation.
Technique effect of the present invention is mainly reflected in:
1, select solvent to be one or more in water, n-propyl alcohol, Virahol in technique, cheap, boiling point is low, effectively solves the problem of organic solvent residual and environmental pollution, is highly suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
2, during this technique crystallization without the need to stir, also without the need to vacuum during oven dry, greatly saved production cost, product yield is high, and through repeatedly checking, yield is all greater than 90%.
3, during this technique crystallization, Temperature fall is to recrystallization temperature, and without the need to the temperature preferably 25 DEG C-35 DEG C of ice-water bath cooling, crystallization, be exactly normal temperature crystallization substantially, technique is simple, is highly suitable for industrialized production.
4, the weightmeasurement ratio (W/V) of Linezolid and solvent preferably 1:7 in this technique, Solvent Solubility is larger, prepare the crystal of identical amount, required quantity of solvent is less, thus during industrialized production equipment requirements not high, save production cost, be conducive to environmental protection, be highly suitable for industrialized production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The X-ray powder diffraction pattern of Fig. 1 embodiment 1 Linezolid IV crystal formation
Fig. 2 embodiment 11US7714128B2 method prepares X-ray powder diffraction pattern
Specific embodiment
By specific embodiment given below, clearly can understand the present invention further, but they not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of Linezolid IV crystal formation
Linezolid 10g is added in the solution of 70mL Virahol, is heated to boiling temperature, stir, until dissolve completely, dissolve completely, continue backflow 20min, stop stirring, add 1g Linezolid IV type crystal seed, and Temperature fall crystallization, be cooled to about 15 DEG C, continue crystallization 1 hour, suction filtration, dry at 70 DEG C, obtained Linezolid IV crystal formation 10.2g, yield is 92.7%.
To gained finished product, adopt Cu K alpha-ray, carry out X-ray powder diffraction analysis (Rigaku (RigakuD/Max-2550pc type X-ray polycrystalline diffractometer), measured power is 40kV × 250mA, sweep velocity 5 °/min, walk wide 0.02 °, θ-2 θ continuous sweep of sweep limit 3-40 ° (2 θ).Result shows, angle 2 θ of its X-ray powder diffraction 7.33,9.33,13.45,14.70,17.97,20.94,22.17,25.41 (°) place has characteristic peak, through contrast, confirmation products therefrom be IV crystal formation.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the X-ray powder diffraction figure of Linezolid IV crystal formation
Embodiment 2: the preparation of Linezolid IV crystal formation
Linezolid 10g is added in the solution of 150mL Virahol, is heated to boiling temperature, stir, until dissolve completely, dissolve completely, continue backflow 30min, stop stirring, add 2g Linezolid IV type crystal seed, and Temperature fall crystallization, be down to normal temperature to about 25 DEG C, continue crystallization 1 hour, suction filtration, dry at 60 DEG C, obtained Linezolid IV crystal formation 10.8g, yield is 90.0%.
With the apparatus and method for described in embodiment 1, record X-ray powder diffraction figure identical with embodiment 1 crystal formation.
Embodiment 3: the preparation of Linezolid IV crystal formation
Linezolid 5g is added in the solution of 35mL Virahol, is heated to boiling temperature, stir, until dissolve completely, dissolve completely, continue backflow 40min, stop stirring, add 0.5g Linezolid IV type crystal seed, and Temperature fall crystallization, be cooled to about 45 DEG C, continue crystallization 1 hour, suction filtration, dry at 90 DEG C, obtained Linezolid IV crystal formation 4.97g, yield is 90.4%.
With the apparatus and method for described in embodiment 1, record X-ray powder diffraction figure identical with embodiment 1 crystal formation.
Embodiment 4: the preparation of Linezolid IV crystal formation
Linezolid 5g is added in the solution of 35mL Virahol, is heated to boiling temperature, stir, until dissolve completely, dissolve completely, continue backflow 60min, stop stirring, add 0.5g Linezolid IV type crystal seed, and Temperature fall crystallization, be down to about 50 DEG C, continue crystallization 1 hour, suction filtration, dry at 90 DEG C, obtained Linezolid IV crystal formation 4.04g, yield is 73.4%.The rate of recovery is low, illustrates that recrystallization temperature needs to reduce.
With the apparatus and method for described in embodiment 1, record X-ray powder diffraction figure identical with embodiment 1 crystal formation.
Embodiment 5: the preparation of Linezolid IV crystal formation
Linezolid 3g is added in the solution of 3mL n-propyl alcohol, is heated to boiling temperature, stir, until dissolve completely, dissolve completely, continue backflow 40min, stop stirring, add 0.3g Linezolid IV type crystal seed, and Temperature fall crystallization, be down to normal temperature to about 25 DEG C, continue crystallization 1 hour, suction filtration, dry at 80 DEG C, obtained Linezolid IV crystal formation 2.98g, yield is 90.3%.
With the apparatus and method for described in embodiment 1, record X-ray powder diffraction figure identical with embodiment 1 crystal formation.
Embodiment 6: the preparation of Linezolid IV crystal formation
Linezolid 1.5g is added in the solution of 3.3mL n-propyl alcohol, is heated to boiling temperature, stir, until dissolve completely, dissolve completely, continue backflow 50min, stop stirring, add 0.1g Linezolid IV type crystal seed, and Temperature fall crystallization, be cooled to about 25 DEG C, continue crystallization 1 hour, suction filtration, dry at 70 DEG C, obtained Linezolid IV crystal formation 1.45g, yield is 90.6%.
With the apparatus and method for described in embodiment 1, record X-ray powder diffraction figure identical with embodiment 1 crystal formation.
Embodiment 7: the preparation of Linezolid IV crystal formation
Linezolid 1g is added in the solution of 5.4mL n-propyl alcohol, is heated to boiling temperature, stir, until dissolve completely, dissolve completely, continue backflow 50min, stop stirring, add 0.2g Linezolid IV type crystal seed, and Temperature fall crystallization, be cooled to about 25 DEG C, continue crystallization 1 hour, suction filtration, dry at 70 DEG C, obtained Linezolid IV crystal formation 1.09g, yield is 90.8%.
With the apparatus and method for described in embodiment 1, record X-ray powder diffraction figure identical with embodiment 1 crystal formation.
Embodiment 8: the preparation of Linezolid IV crystal formation
Linezolid 1.0g is added in the solution of 9mL water, is heated to boiling temperature, stir, until dissolve completely, dissolve completely, continue backflow 20min, stop stirring, add 0.1g Linezolid IV type crystal seed, and Temperature fall crystallization, be cooled to 35 DEG C, suction filtration, dry at 100 DEG C, obtained Linezolid IV crystal formation 1.05g, yield is 95.4%.
With the apparatus and method for described in embodiment 1, record X-ray powder diffraction figure identical with embodiment 1 crystal formation.
Embodiment 9: the preparation of Linezolid IV crystal formation
Linezolid 1.0g is added in the solution of 8mL water, is heated to boiling temperature, stir, until dissolve completely, dissolve completely, continue backflow 30min, stop stirring, add 0.05g Linezolid IV type crystal seed, and Temperature fall crystallization, be cooled to 25 DEG C, suction filtration, dry at 70 DEG C, obtained Linezolid IV crystal formation 0.99g, yield is 94.3%.
With the apparatus and method for described in embodiment 1, record X-ray powder diffraction figure identical with embodiment 1 crystal formation.
Embodiment 10: the preparation of Linezolid IV crystal formation
Linezolid 1.0g is added in the solution of 10mL water, is heated to boiling temperature, stir, until dissolve completely, dissolve completely, continue backflow 30min, stop stirring, add 0.1g Linezolid IV type crystal seed, and Temperature fall crystallization, be cooled to 25 DEG C, suction filtration, dry at 70 DEG C, obtained Linezolid IV crystal formation 1.01g, yield is 91.8%.
With the apparatus and method for described in embodiment 1, record X-ray powder diffraction figure identical with embodiment 1 crystal formation.
Prepared by embodiment 11:US7714128B2 method
Linezolid 10mg is added in the solution of 200mL Virahol, reflux (80-85 DEG C), stirs, until dissolve completely, dissolve completely, stop heating, Temperature fall, after being down to about 0 DEG C, add IV type crystal seed, 0 DEG C of insulation crystallization, suction filtration, dry at 70 DEG C, empirical tests, obtained Linezolid is not IV crystal formation.
Therefore, simply change III type crystal seed of method in US7714128B2 into IV type crystal seed, Linezolid IV crystal formation can not be prepared, illustrate in the preparation of Linezolid IV crystal formation, the change of the factors such as temperature, crystal seed addition sequence, all can cause the change of product.