CN1043682A - Empty G﹠W heating fixation of nitrogen by discharge after - Google Patents
Empty G﹠W heating fixation of nitrogen by discharge after Download PDFInfo
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- CN1043682A CN1043682A CN 90100298 CN90100298A CN1043682A CN 1043682 A CN1043682 A CN 1043682A CN 90100298 CN90100298 CN 90100298 CN 90100298 A CN90100298 A CN 90100298A CN 1043682 A CN1043682 A CN 1043682A
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Abstract
Empty G﹠W heating fixation of nitrogen by discharge after is a kind of new fixed nitrogen method.Be according to finding in the test that discharge has the activatory of selection characteristics to nitrogen.Empty G﹠W is heated to 700 ℃ to 1200 ℃ under normal pressure and catalyst-free condition, discharges, send orange-red nitrogen-atoms spectrum.Nitrogen and oxygen generate nitrogen protoxide.Be cooled to generate nitrogen peroxide behind the normal temperature.Water absorbs and generates nitric acid.Nitrogen and hydrogen generate ammonia, and cooling back water absorbs.
Present method major advantage is shorter than synthesis of ammonia technical process, and equipment is simple, energy consumption is low.
Description
Technical field under this project: chemistry.
Relevant bibliography: the general chemistry of institution of higher education's teaching material, inorganic chemistry, ammonia synthesis process, High-Voltage Engineering etc.Spectroscopy in the relevant physics, physical chemistry etc., chemical journal, chemistry circular, chemical abstracts etc.
Purpose of the present invention: seek a kind of simple and effective fixed nitrogen method, replace the synthesis of ammonia of producing now, to satisfy the needs of agriculture production.
Content of the present invention: air and water vapour or air heating to 700 ℃ to 1200 ℃, generally about 1000 ℃.Under the condition of normal pressure and catalyst-free.By the discharge tube of a dielectric, an electrode is housed in the pipe, certain interval is arranged between the tube wall, tube outer surface also is equipped with an electrode.The logical alternating-current of going up.Produce a branch of orange-red region of discharge between interior electrode and the tube wall.According to spectroscopic analysis, be the atomic spectrum of nitrogen.The proof nitrogen molecule has become nitrogen-atoms.Nitrogen-atoms and oxygen generate nitrogen protoxide, generate ammonia with hydrogen.After being cooled to normal temperature, nitrogen protoxide and oxygen generate nitrogen peroxide.Water absorbs and promptly gets ammonium nitrate and nitric acid.
The main chemical reactions formula is as follows:
Main device is shown in accompanying drawing one.
By industrial production requirement, must break through two leading indicators.Be concentration index and energy consumption index.Concentration index is meant the summation of nitrogen peroxide and ammonia in the gas of discharge back.Reach 3% and just can carry out the industrialization absorption, even if reach a standard.Energy consumption index mainly is the current consumption of discharge and the energy consumption of heating.Total energy consumption is than the energy consumption of state-of-the-art ammonia synthesis unit is low in the world at present, even if reach a standard.Because normal air is used in the restriction of material conditions during test, only utilize natural water vapour wherein, add water vapour during production again.Concentration and energy consumption index problem solve respectively.During production, discharge electrode is added some, can shared wherein a kind of electrode, device has enlarged just.
Shown in accompanying drawing two.
When solving the concentration index problem, air velocity is low, and discharge frequency is also very low.Nitrogen peroxide in the gas of discharge back (ammonia is not seldom counted) reaches 4.1%.Region of discharge has only about 1/6 of the interior empty transverse section of discharge tube, and then molecular balance concentration is about 24%.But this moment, energy consumption was very high.
When solving the energy consumption index problem, air velocity is strengthened, discharge frequency also strengthens.Current consumption drops to and whenever fixes 1 kilogram of purity nitrogen, power consumption 0.45 degree.Add heating and other power consumptions, calculate to about half of the synthesis of ammonia.But this moment, concentration was very low again.
Add water or water vapour, because airborne nitrogen many (78%), oxygen few (21%), imbalance.Can improve production concentration after adding, and corresponding cutting down the consumption of energy.Tail gas recycles, not emptying, free from environmental pollution.
Six, character of the present invention: this problem in May, 1970, when air does not heat discharge, has nitrogen oxide to generate since the nineteen fifty-nine experimental study.But concentration is very low.On November 9th, 1972 is with Sweet natural gas and atmospherical discharges, when adding nitrogen peroxide.Unexpected discovery, the color of Discharge illuminating has become blue look by red-purple.According to spectroscopic analysis, prove that discharge has the activatory of selection characteristics to nitrogen.So, just use air, comprise wherein natural water vapour, the discharge of heating back.Make nitrogen become nitrogen-atoms, at high temperature, the hydrogen and the oxygen of oxygen and water have also activated.Because of being to carry out below 1200 ℃, can not be reduced in the product decomposition temperature.So reaction is good.
This electric discharge type is not determined as yet, with arc-over, the spark discharge of generally acknowledging now, corona discharge and glow discharge etc.Different places is all arranged.It is a kind of new discharge means.Fixed nitrogen in this way, also not seeing had report.
Seven, present method and the synthesis of ammonia are than than advantage and positively effect: technical process is short, equipment is simple, less investment, energy consumption are low.Can miniaturization.Township, rural area just can build a small nitrogenous fertilizer plant.Nitric acid can also be used to making nitrophosphate fertilizer and kalium nitrate fertilizer etc.Can reclaim the part faggot and make coal gas.It is personal to be used for adding warm air and water, waste-heat power generation.Like this, can be at a sub-district internal recycle, indirect utilization sun power.Just do not need the external world to supply raw material and the energy.The mankind just will enter new epoch at that time.
Claims (1)
- Empty G﹠W or air, be heated to 700 ℃ to 1200 ℃, under normal pressure and catalyst-free condition in various manners.By alternating current discharge, send orange-red nitrogen and press sub-spectrum, constituting between each counter electrode that discharges has one deck dielectric.Airborne nitrogen and oxygen generate nitrogen oxide, and the oxygen of nitrogen and water generates nitrogen oxide, and the hydrogen of nitrogen and water generates ammonia.Cooling back water absorbs, and generates ammonium nitrate and nitric acid.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90100298 CN1043682A (en) | 1990-01-17 | 1990-01-17 | Empty G﹠W heating fixation of nitrogen by discharge after |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90100298 CN1043682A (en) | 1990-01-17 | 1990-01-17 | Empty G﹠W heating fixation of nitrogen by discharge after |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1043682A true CN1043682A (en) | 1990-07-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 90100298 Pending CN1043682A (en) | 1990-01-17 | 1990-01-17 | Empty G﹠W heating fixation of nitrogen by discharge after |
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| CN (1) | CN1043682A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104555945A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-04-29 | 广西大学 | Production process of sulphuric acid |
| CN104555954A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2015-04-29 | 丹阳恒安化学科技研究所有限公司 | Production technology of nitric acid |
| CN113522205A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-10-22 | 内蒙古子申企业管理有限公司 | Fertile device of agricultural new forms of energy gas |
-
1990
- 1990-01-17 CN CN 90100298 patent/CN1043682A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104555954A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2015-04-29 | 丹阳恒安化学科技研究所有限公司 | Production technology of nitric acid |
| CN104555945A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-04-29 | 广西大学 | Production process of sulphuric acid |
| CN113522205A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-10-22 | 内蒙古子申企业管理有限公司 | Fertile device of agricultural new forms of energy gas |
| CN113522205B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2022-05-31 | 内蒙古子申企业管理有限公司 | Fertile device of agricultural new forms of energy gas |
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