CN104357716A - Heat-resistant and anti-creep aluminium-magnesium alloy and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Heat-resistant and anti-creep aluminium-magnesium alloy and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a heat-resistant and anti-creep aluminium-magnesium alloy. The heat-resistant and anti-creep aluminium-magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30-40% of Mg, 6.2-7.5% of Si, 0.6-1.0% of Cu, 0.2-0.45% of Sr, 0.5-0.56% of Mn, 0.3-0.45% of Sb, 0.1-0.25% of Be, 0.35-0.45% of Dy, 0.1-0.25% of Gd, 0.12-0.16% of Er, 0.5-0.65% of Zr, 0.35-0.5% of Ce, 0.1-0.15% of Nd, 0.4-0.56% of Ca and the balance of Al. A production process of the heat-resistant and anti-creep aluminium-magnesium alloy is low in cost, good in heat dissipation, high in pressure resistance, high in resistance against high-temperature creep and pollution-free in recovery, can ensure high mechanical property, and has a wide development prospect in the fields of aerospace, automobile industry and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydronalium field, especially a kind of heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy and preparation technology thereof.
Background technology
MAGNESIUM METAL and aluminum magnesium alloy are the lightest structured materials applied in engineering so far.Aluminum magnesium alloy has very high specific tenacity and rigidity, high dimensional stability and damping shock absorption, good machining property, and especially aluminum magnesium alloy is easy to recycle, and is described as " 21 century green engineering metal ".Aluminum magnesium alloy has excellent mechanical property, is specially adapted to light structures part.But with other alloy phase ratios, the investigation and application of aluminum magnesium alloy is fewer, and hot strength and the creep-resistant property of aluminum magnesium alloy are poor, therefore this is a major reason of restriction aluminum magnesium alloy widespread use.Therefore study the creep resisting aluminum magnesium alloy of high strength at high temperature with broad prospect of application and just seem particularly important.
The concrete grammar being used for improving and improving aluminum magnesium alloy heat-resistant creep-resistant performance is at present: carry out alloying to aluminum magnesium alloy, add single element Si, Cu, Sr, Mn, Sb, Be, Dy, Gd etc., or Was Used compound, more difficult when adding alloying with single dual element, the thicker and skewness of the chemical combination particle particle of formation.There is provided amplitude also limited to thermotolerance, this aluminum magnesium alloy generally can only use under 120 ~ 150 DEG C of working temperatures, although and add Ce series elements and can further improve the working temperature under 150 ~ 200 DEG C of conditions, but make cost of alloy increase higher, apply more difficult in civilian industry.
Summary of the invention
For prior art Problems existing, the invention provides a kind of preparation technology of heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy, this process costs is low and easy and simple to handle, and gained heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy has than traditional magnesium alloy: thermal diffusivity is good, crushing resistance is strong, the processing of high-strength and high ductility, easy-formation, high temperature creep-resisting, recovery is pollution-free and the significant advantage of strong mechanical performance.
For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy, contains according to weight percent content: Mg:30-40%, Si:6.2-7.5%, Cu:0.6-1.0%, Sr:0.2-0.45%, Mn:0.5-0.56%, Sb:0.3-0.45%, Be:0.1-0.25%, Dy:0.35-0.45%, Gd::0.1-0.25%, Er:0.12-0.16%, Zr:0.5-0.65%, Ce:0.35-0.5%, Nd:0.1-0.15%, Ca:0.4-0.56%, surplus is Al.
Further, contain according to weight percent content: Mg:35%, Si:7%, Cu:0.8%, Sr:0.3%, Mn:0.55%, Sb:0.4%, Be:0.2%, Dy:0.4%, Gd::0.2%, Er:0.14%, Zr:0.6%, Ce:0.4%, Nd:0.12%, Ca:0.5%, surplus is Al.
In addition, a kind of preparation technology of described heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy is also provided, comprises the following steps:
(1) carry out raw material preparation according to weight percent content, described raw material is pure Al ingot, Al-Gd master alloy, pure Mg ingot, pure Sb, Al-Ca master alloy, Al-Sr master alloy, Mg-Nd master alloy, Mg-Zr master alloy, pure Dy, Al-Be master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, pure Si, Al-Ce master alloy, pure Er, Al-Cu master alloy;
(2) above-mentioned raw materials spectrum is done chemical analysis, according to analytical data, and target aluminum magnesium alloy index, carry out aluminum magnesium alloy batching, drop into smelting furnace successively, smelting furnace temperature is 750 DEG C ~ 780 DEG C, alloy carries out refining, add alumite refining agent of Mg alloy while stirring, refining time is 3-8 minute, leaves standstill 4 ~ 6 minutes after refining is complete 700 DEG C ~ 730 DEG C insulations; Treat that temperature is raised to 820 DEG C, be cast in steel die, obtain as cast condition aluminum magnesium alloy, after heat-treat.Described thermal treatment carries out solution treatment and ageing treatment successively to as cast condition aluminum magnesium alloy.The treatment temp of described solution treatment is 500 DEG C, and the treatment time is 6 hours; The treatment temp of described ageing treatment is 200 DEG C, and the treatment time is 12 hours, then carries out shrend, and the foundry goods after quenching to be put in the resistance furnace of 250 DEG C artificial aging 50 hours, obtained magnalium blank, for subsequent use;
(3) a. high temperature forging cogging: heating blank to temperature is 460 DEG C ~ 520 DEG C insulation 3 ~ 5h; Carry out two to hammer cogging, be forged into the slab that thickness is 50-65mm; Reduction in pass is 30% ~ 45%, every 3-6 passage forging after annealing 2.6h, and annealing temperature is 450 DEG C ~ 540 DEG C; B. heating slab to temperature is 470-496 DEG C, is incubated after 25-36 minute, and adopt the method for multi-pass small deformation amount that heavy plate rolling is become 4 ~ 12mm thin plate, the speed of rolls is 0.5m/s ~ 1.0 m/s; Every time roll reduction is 15% ~ 24%, melts down annealing after every time rolling, and annealing temperature is 460 DEG C ~ 490 DEG C, and annealing time is 40min ~ 54min;
(4) roll postheat treatment: the thin plate after rolling is carried out ageing treatment, and described aging treatment process is: aging temp is 250-280 DEG C, soaking time is 20-45h; Carry out second time ageing treatment at 200-234 DEG C again, aging time is 16-40h; Finally carry out third time ageing treatment at 145-180 DEG C, aging time is 15-40h.
This invention adopts high temperature forging cogging, rolls the gimmicks such as postheat treatment, reaches the technique effect preparing high-toughness heat-resistant creep resistance aluminum magnesium alloy; The present invention mainly adopts aluminium and magnesium as raw material, effectively can improve alloy structure and microtexture, raising Alloy At Room Temperature and mechanical behavior under high temperature, enhancing alloy corrosion resistance and thermotolerance etc.; Obtained heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy is had, and thermal diffusivity is good, crushing resistance is strong, the processing of high-strength and high ductility, easy-formation, high temperature creep-resisting, recovery is pollution-free and the significant advantage of strong mechanical performance.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: light, applied widely, the special application for fields such as space flight, military project, telecommunications, communications and transportation of quality; The resources advantage of aluminium and magnesium, price advantage, product advantage are not fully exerted, there is good suitability, and better quality, preparation technology is comparatively simple, can complete by means of only four steps, reverse decreases cost, and better results, there is the mechanical property more superior than traditional commerce aluminum magnesium alloy simultaneously, there is vast potential for future development.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
A kind of heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy, contains according to weight percent content: Mg:35%, Si:7%, Cu:0.8%, Sr:0.3%, Mn:0.55%, Sb:0.4%, Be:0.2%, Dy:0.4%, Gd::0.2%, Er:0.14%, Zr:0.6%, Ce:0.4%, Nd:0.12%, Ca:0.5%, surplus is Al.
The preparation technology of heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) carry out raw material preparation according to weight percent content, described raw material is pure Al ingot, Al-Gd master alloy, pure Mg ingot, pure Sb, Al-Ca master alloy, Al-Sr master alloy, Mg-Nd master alloy, Mg-Zr master alloy, pure Dy, Al-Be master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, pure Si, Al-Ce master alloy, pure Er, Al-Cu master alloy;
(2) above-mentioned raw materials spectrum is done chemical analysis, according to analytical data, and target aluminum magnesium alloy index, carry out aluminum magnesium alloy batching, drop into smelting furnace successively, smelting furnace temperature is 750 DEG C ~ 780 DEG C, alloy carries out refining, add alumite refining agent of Mg alloy while stirring, refining time is 3-8 minute, leaves standstill 4 ~ 6 minutes after refining is complete 700 DEG C ~ 730 DEG C insulations; Treat that temperature is raised to 820 DEG C, be cast in steel die, obtain as cast condition aluminum magnesium alloy, after heat-treat.Described thermal treatment carries out solution treatment and ageing treatment successively to as cast condition aluminum magnesium alloy.The treatment temp of described solution treatment is 500 DEG C, and the treatment time is 6 hours; The treatment temp of described ageing treatment is 200 DEG C, and the treatment time is 12 hours, then carries out shrend, and the foundry goods after quenching to be put in the resistance furnace of 250 DEG C artificial aging 50 hours, obtained magnalium blank, for subsequent use;
(3) a. high temperature forging cogging: heating blank to temperature is 460 DEG C ~ 520 DEG C insulation 3 ~ 5h; Carry out two to hammer cogging, be forged into the slab that thickness is 50-65mm; Reduction in pass is 30% ~ 45%, every 3-6 passage forging after annealing 2.6h, and annealing temperature is 450 DEG C ~ 540 DEG C; B. heating slab to temperature is 470-496 DEG C, is incubated after 25-36 minute, and adopt the method for multi-pass small deformation amount that heavy plate rolling is become 4 ~ 12mm thin plate, the speed of rolls is 0.5m/s ~ 1.0 m/s; Every time roll reduction is 15% ~ 24%, melts down annealing after every time rolling, and annealing temperature is 460 DEG C ~ 490 DEG C, and annealing time is 40min ~ 54min;
(4) roll postheat treatment: the thin plate after rolling is carried out ageing treatment, and described aging treatment process is: aging temp is 250-280 DEG C, soaking time is 20-45h; Carry out second time ageing treatment at 200-234 DEG C again, aging time is 16-40h; Finally carry out third time ageing treatment at 145-180 DEG C, aging time is 15-40h.
embodiment 2:
A kind of heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy, contains according to weight percent content: Mg:30%, Si:6.2%, Cu:0.6%, Sr:0.2%, Mn:0.5%, Sb:0.3%, Be:0.1%, Dy:0.35%, Gd::0.1%, Er:0.12%, Zr:0.5%, Ce:0.35%, Nd:0.1%, Ca:0.4%, surplus is Al.
The preparation technology of described heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) carry out raw material preparation according to weight percent content, described raw material is pure Al ingot, Al-Gd master alloy, pure Mg ingot, pure Sb, Al-Ca master alloy, Al-Sr master alloy, Mg-Nd master alloy, Mg-Zr master alloy, pure Dy, Al-Be master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, pure Si, Al-Ce master alloy, pure Er, Al-Cu master alloy;
(2) above-mentioned raw materials spectrum is done chemical analysis, according to analytical data, and target aluminum magnesium alloy index, carry out aluminum magnesium alloy batching, drop into smelting furnace successively, smelting furnace temperature is 720 DEG C ~ 750 DEG C, alloy carries out refining, add alumite refining agent of Mg alloy while stirring, refining time is 2-5 minute, leaves standstill 3 ~ 5 minutes after refining is complete 650 DEG C ~ 700 DEG C insulations; Treat that temperature is raised to 800 DEG C, be cast in steel die, obtain as cast condition aluminum magnesium alloy, after heat-treat.Described thermal treatment carries out solution treatment and ageing treatment successively to as cast condition aluminum magnesium alloy.The treatment temp of described solution treatment is 460 DEG C, and the treatment time is 5 hours; The treatment temp of described ageing treatment is 180 DEG C, and the treatment time is 10 hours, then carries out shrend, and the foundry goods after quenching to be put in the resistance furnace of 220 DEG C artificial aging 43 hours, obtained magnalium blank, for subsequent use;
(3) a. high temperature forging cogging: heating blank to temperature is 450 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C insulation 2 ~ 4h; Carry out two to hammer cogging, be forged into the slab that thickness is 45-60mm; Reduction in pass is 25% ~ 40%, every 3-6 passage forging after annealing 2.0h, and annealing temperature is 400 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C; B. heating slab to temperature is 430-476 DEG C, is incubated after 25-36 minute, and adopt the method for multi-pass small deformation amount that heavy plate rolling is become 3 ~ 10mm thin plate, the speed of rolls is 0.5m/s ~ 1.0 m/s; Every time roll reduction is 12% ~ 20%, melts down annealing after every time rolling, and annealing temperature is 430 DEG C ~ 470 DEG C, and annealing time is 35min ~ 50min;
(4) roll postheat treatment: the thin plate after rolling is carried out ageing treatment, and described aging treatment process is: aging temp is 220-260 DEG C, soaking time is 18-40h; Carry out second time ageing treatment at 180-200 DEG C again, aging time is 12-35h; Finally carry out third time ageing treatment at 125-160 DEG C, aging time is 12-36h.
embodiment 3:
A kind of heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy, contains according to weight percent content: Mg:40%, Si:7.5%, Cu:1.0%, Sr:0.45%, Mn:0.56%, Sb:0.45%, Be:0.25%, Dy:0.45%, Gd::0.25%, Er:0.16%, Zr:0.65%, Ce:0.5%, Nd:0.15%, Ca:0.56%, surplus is Al.
The preparation technology of described heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy, comprises the following steps:
(1) carry out raw material preparation according to weight percent content, described raw material is pure Al ingot, Al-Gd master alloy, pure Mg ingot, pure Sb, Al-Ca master alloy, Al-Sr master alloy, Mg-Nd master alloy, Mg-Zr master alloy, pure Dy, Al-Be master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, pure Si, Al-Ce master alloy, pure Er, Al-Cu master alloy;
(2) above-mentioned raw materials spectrum is done chemical analysis, according to analytical data, and target aluminum magnesium alloy index, carry out aluminum magnesium alloy batching, drop into smelting furnace successively, smelting furnace temperature is 760 DEG C ~ 790 DEG C, alloy carries out refining, add alumite refining agent of Mg alloy while stirring, refining time is 4-9 minute, leaves standstill 5 ~ 6 minutes after refining is complete 720 DEG C ~ 740 DEG C insulations; Treat that temperature is raised to 830 DEG C, be cast in steel die, obtain as cast condition aluminum magnesium alloy, after heat-treat.Described thermal treatment carries out solution treatment and ageing treatment successively to as cast condition aluminum magnesium alloy.The treatment temp of described solution treatment is 520 DEG C, and the treatment time is 8 hours; The treatment temp of described ageing treatment is 250 DEG C, and the treatment time is 15 hours, then carries out shrend, and the foundry goods after quenching to be put in the resistance furnace of 260 DEG C artificial aging 56 hours, obtained magnalium blank, for subsequent use;
(3) a. high temperature forging cogging: heating blank to temperature is 490 DEG C ~ 540 DEG C insulation 4 ~ 6h; Carry out two to hammer cogging, be forged into the slab that thickness is 54-70mm; Reduction in pass is 35% ~ 50%, every 3-6 passage forging after annealing 2.8h, and annealing temperature is 490 DEG C ~ 560 DEG C; B. heating slab to temperature is 480-510 DEG C, is incubated after 30-43 minute, and adopt the method for multi-pass small deformation amount that heavy plate rolling is become 5 ~ 15mm thin plate, the speed of rolls is 0.5m/s ~ 1.0 m/s; Every time roll reduction is 16% ~ 25%, melts down annealing after every time rolling, and annealing temperature is 470 DEG C ~ 500 DEG C, and annealing time is 42min ~ 56min;
(4) roll postheat treatment: the thin plate after rolling is carried out ageing treatment, and described aging treatment process is: aging temp is 260-290 DEG C, soaking time is 24-49h; Carry out second time ageing treatment at 220-254 DEG C again, aging time is 19-45h; Finally carry out third time ageing treatment at 165-200 DEG C, aging time is 18-45h.
the performance of the alloy that embodiment 1-3 obtains is listed in the table below
Note: the tensile strength of conventional aluminium is: 80-100 MPa, and relative reduction in area is: 80%, and unit elongation is: 60%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: light, applied widely, the special application for fields such as space flight, military project, telecommunications, communications and transportation of quality; The resources advantage of aluminium and magnesium, price advantage, product advantage are not fully exerted, there is good suitability, and better quality, preparation technology is comparatively simple, can complete by means of only four steps, reverse decreases cost, and better results, there is the mechanical property more superior than traditional commerce aluminum magnesium alloy simultaneously, there is vast potential for future development.
Below the present invention be described in detail, the above, be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, when not limiting the scope of the present invention, namely allly does impartial change according to the application's scope and modify, all should still belong in covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy, is characterized in that, contains according to weight percent content: Mg:30-40%, Si:6.2-7.5%, Cu:0.6-1.0%, Sr:0.2-0.45%, Mn:0.5-0.56%, Sb:0.3-0.45%, Be:0.1-0.25%, Dy:0.35-0.45%, Gd::0.1-0.25%, Er:0.12-0.16%, Zr:0.5-0.65%, Ce:0.35-0.5%, Nd:0.1-0.15%, Ca:0.4-0.56%, surplus is Al.
2. heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, contain according to weight percent content: Mg:35%, Si:7%, Cu:0.8%, Sr:0.3%, Mn:0.55%, Sb:0.4%, Be:0.2%, Dy:0.4%, Gd::0.2%, Er:0.14%, Zr:0.6%, Ce:0.4%, Nd:0.12%, Ca:0.5%, surplus is Al.
3. a preparation technology for heat-resistant creep-resistant aluminum magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that:
(1) carry out raw material preparation according to weight percent content, described raw material is pure Al ingot, Al-Gd master alloy, pure Mg ingot, pure Sb, Al-Ca master alloy, Al-Sr master alloy, Mg-Nd master alloy, Mg-Zr master alloy, pure Dy, Al-Be master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, pure Si, Al-Ce master alloy, pure Er, Al-Cu master alloy;
(2) above-mentioned raw materials spectrum is done chemical analysis, according to analytical data, and target aluminum magnesium alloy index, carry out aluminum magnesium alloy batching, drop into smelting furnace successively, smelting furnace temperature is 750 DEG C ~ 780 DEG C, alloy carries out refining, add alumite refining agent of Mg alloy while stirring, refining time is 3-8 minute, leaves standstill 4 ~ 6 minutes after refining is complete 700 DEG C ~ 730 DEG C insulations; Treat that temperature is raised to 820 DEG C, be cast in steel die, obtain as cast condition aluminum magnesium alloy, after heat-treat.
4. thermal treatment described in carries out solution treatment and ageing treatment successively to as cast condition aluminum magnesium alloy.
5. the treatment temp of solution treatment described in is 500 DEG C, and the treatment time is 6 hours; The treatment temp of described ageing treatment is 200 DEG C, and the treatment time is 12 hours, then carries out shrend, and the foundry goods after quenching to be put in the resistance furnace of 250 DEG C artificial aging 50 hours, obtained magnalium blank, for subsequent use;
(3) a. high temperature forging cogging: heating blank to temperature is 460 DEG C ~ 520 DEG C insulation 3 ~ 5h; Carry out two to hammer cogging, be forged into the slab that thickness is 50-65mm; Reduction in pass is 30% ~ 45%, every 3-6 passage forging after annealing 2.6h, and annealing temperature is 450 DEG C ~ 540 DEG C; B. heating slab to temperature is 470-496 DEG C, is incubated after 25-36 minute, and adopt the method for multi-pass small deformation amount that heavy plate rolling is become 4 ~ 12mm thin plate, the speed of rolls is 0.5m/s ~ 1.0 m/s; Every time roll reduction is 15% ~ 24%, melts down annealing after every time rolling, and annealing temperature is 460 DEG C ~ 490 DEG C, and annealing time is 40min ~ 54min;
(4) roll postheat treatment: the thin plate after rolling is carried out ageing treatment, and described aging treatment process is: aging temp is 250-280 DEG C, soaking time is 20-45h; Carry out second time ageing treatment at 200-234 DEG C again, aging time is 16-40h; Finally carry out third time ageing treatment at 145-180 DEG C, aging time is 15-40h.
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CN105385905A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-03-09 | 苏州金业船用机械厂 | Low-density seawater corrosion resisting ship material |
WO2017080070A1 (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-18 | 太仓荣中机电科技有限公司 | Electronic magnesium-aluminum alloy material |
CN106938310A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-07-11 | 遵义航天新力精密铸锻有限公司 | The finish forge processing method of aviation aircraft connecting seat |
CN109207748A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2019-01-15 | 清华大学 | A kind of forging forging technology of aluminium alloy slab preparation method and slab |
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CN117778794A (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-03-29 | 河南工学院 | Die casting process of aluminum magnesium alloy automobile body panel |
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