CN104356423A - Water and oil soluble carbon nanotube composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water and oil soluble carbon nanotube composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water and oil soluble carbon nanotube composite material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: in an inert atmosphere, and heating for mixing a multiwall carbon nanotube with an initiator to prepare an initiator-loaded carbon nanotube; ultrasonically dispersing the initiator-loaded carbon nanotube in a solvent, introducing nitrogen for protection, and adding maleic anhydride monomers while stirring; preheating at the constant reaction temperature of 20-70 DEG C for 0.1-2 hours, dropwise adding styrene monomers by a constant-pressure dropping funnel, controlling the dropping speed to guarantee that the dropping process is finished within 0.1-2 hours, and producing thermal reaction for 0.1-12 hours; cooling to room temperature, separating, washing, and drying to obtain the water and oil soluble carbon nanotube composite material. The prepared soluble carbon nanotube can be used for preparing an ultrahigh-strength composite material, and has attractive application potentials in the fields of wastewater treatment technology, pharmaceutical preparation and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to function nano field of material technology, be specifically related to carbon nano-tube material of a kind of water oil two dissolubilities and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Carbon nanotube, because of its special tubular structure and special performance thereof, causes the extensive concern of people in fields such as matrix material, electricity material, storage hydrogen and biological medicines.But its in a solvent insoluble and poor with the consistency of macromolecular material, constrains its practical application and research, therefore need to carry out modification to it, increase its solvability in a solvent in order to improve dispersity in the composite.Scientists has proposed the multiple method preparing solubilized carbon nanotubes, and a wherein the most frequently used method is exactly first carry out chemical modification by oxygenizement to carbon nanotube, then adopts functional molecular to carry out organically-modified to it.But this method, due to along with the cutting to carbon nanotube, makes the structure on its surface be destroyed, inevitably destroys the performance of carbon nanotube
Summary of the invention
The technical problem solved: the present invention is intended to the application of widening carbon nanotube, under the prerequisite of not destroying carbon nanometer tube structure, improves the solvability of carbon nanotube, provides carbon nano-tube material of a kind of water oil two dissolubilities and preparation method thereof.
Technical scheme: the preparation method of the carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities, in an inert atmosphere, heated with initiator by multi-walled carbon nano-tubes and mix, be prepared into the carbon nanotube of load initiator, wherein the molar ratio of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes and initiator is 1: 1 ~ 1: 50; By the carbon nanotube of load initiator by ultrasonic disperse in a solvent, pass into nitrogen protection, add maleic anhydride monomer under stirring, carbon nanotube and maleic anhydride monomer ratio are 1: 1 ~ 1: 50; Keep temperature of reaction 20 ~ 70 DEG C of preheatings after 0.1 ~ 2 hour, constant pressure funnel drips styrene monomer, controls rate of addition in 0.1-2 hour and dropwises, then insulation reaction 0.1 ~ 12 hour; Be cooled to room temperature, separating, washing is dry, and obtain the carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities, wherein the mol ratio of styrene monomer and maleic anhydride is 1: 0.05 ~ 1: 50.
Described initiator is Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (AIBN).
Alpha-methyl styrene containing Molecular regulator amount in described styrene monomer.
The process of dehydrated alcohol recrystallization purifying is used before described Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate uses, for subsequent use after room temperature in vacuo drying after filtering; Styrene monomer removes stopper and dry rear use.
Described solvent is methyl alcohol or acetone.
The carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities that described preparation method obtains.
The carbon nanotube diameter of described matrix material is 1-100 nanometer, and length is 0.1-50 micron.
Beneficial effect: two dissolubility carbon nanotubes prepared by the present invention adopt amphipathic vinylbenzene-g-copolymer-maleic anhydride to improve the solvability of carbon nanotube, process safety is simple, and raw material is easy to get, and exploitativeness is high.
Reaction conditions of the present invention is gentle, improve carbon nanotube deliquescent while the structure remaining carbon nanotube itself of high degree and characteristic.
The present invention utilizes Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate to open the π key of carbon nanotube in a solvent, load on carbon nanotube by Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, using it as initiator, initiation styrene monomer and maleic anhydride obtain the carbon nanotube of amphipathic styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer grafting in carbon nano tube surface copolymerization simultaneously.And pass through the solubility of the amphipathic enhancing carbon nanotube of phenylethylene-maleic anhydride segmented copolymer, this experimental technique process safety, easy and cheaper starting materials are easy to get, method that is easy by a class, efficient and cost-effective prepares the carbon nanotube of water-oily two dissolubilities, and these class methods there is no report.
Two dissolubility carbon nanotubes refer to and improve the solvability of carbon nanotube, make the dispersion that it can be stable in water, oil two kind solvents that are representative, do not change again other superior performances that carbon nanotube itself has as far as possible simultaneously.The present invention utilize free radical reaction prepare can water, oily two dissolubilities carbon nanotube.The solubilized carbon nanotubes of preparation can be used for preparation superstrength matrix material, also has tempting application potential in multiple fields such as sewage disposal technology and medicine preparations simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that 9 1.5 milligrams of comparison samples are incorporated in 10 ml water solution example bottles respectively, leaves standstill the solute effect comparison diagram in 2 hours and the 24 hours aqueous solution after ultrasonic 30 minutes respectively.Comparison sample is that the two dissolubility carbon nanotubes that pure nano-carbon tube (a) and 8 embodiments obtain are labeled as respectively: (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i), (wherein embodiment 1-8 product is respectively (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)).
Fig. 2 is similarly 9 1.5 milligrams of comparison samples and is incorporated in 10 milliliters of acetone soln sample bottles respectively, leaves standstill the solute effect comparison diagram in 2 hours and 24 hours acetone solns after ultrasonic 30 minutes respectively.Comparison sample is that the two dissolubility carbon nanotubes that pure nano-carbon tube (a) and 8 embodiments obtain are labeled as respectively: (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i), (wherein embodiment 1-8 product is respectively (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)).
The sedimentation that unmodified carbon nanotube (a) sample is very fast in aqueous can be found from Fig. 1, can not be stable be dispersed in distilled water, and can be dissolved in distilled water equably through the carbon nanotube that original position free radical reaction obtains water-oily two dissolubilities, dispersion effect is fine, at least can reach 24 hours.We find that in (b) (c) (d) (e), cinnamic charging capacity is constant subsequently, and the charging capacity of MALEIC ANHYDRIDE increases successively, its solute effect improves gradually, and namely the higher then wetting ability of grafting acid anhydrides ratio is better.Amount cinnamic in (f) (g) (h) (i) is changed, and the charging capacity of MALEIC ANHYDRIDE is constant, its solute effect is close, by proving relevant with the consumption of MALEIC ANHYDRIDE through the dissolving situation of modified carbon nanotube in distilled water to the observation of these experimental results, and solute effect strengthens along with the increase of MALEIC ANHYDRIDE charging capacity.
The sedimentation that in same Fig. 2, unmodified carbon nanotube (a) is very fast in acetone soln, and can be dissolved in equably in oil-based solvent acetone through the carbon nanotube that original position free radical reaction obtains water-oily two dissolubilities, lasting effect at least can reach 24 hours.B in () (c) (d) (e), the amount of MALEIC ANHYDRIDE is in change, and cinnamic charging capacity is constant, in its solute effect close (f) (g) (h) (i), the charging capacity of MALEIC ANHYDRIDE is constant, and cinnamic charging capacity increases successively, its solute effect improves gradually.
By Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 comparative sample in distilled water with the loose contrast experiment of oil-dissolving solvent, the product carbon nanotube that we obtain has amphiphilic nature, successfully obtains the carbon nanotube of water-oily two dissolubilities.In addition, by changing the ingredient proportion of vinylbenzene and MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, can reach the adjustment to its amphipathic tendency, this will expand its application under different condition and field to a great extent.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment; the technical scheme of this technological invention is described in further detail; but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments; if the person skilled in the art in this field makes some nonessential improvement and adjustment according to the invention described above content to the present invention, still belong to scope.
Embodiment 1
1) preparation of carbon nanotube loaded initiator
Get pipe range 10 microns of tube wall 20 nanometer multi-walled carbon nano-tubes 10 grams; join in the reaction flask with cooling for reflux whipping appts of 500 milliliters; add the ethanol of 300 milliliters again; ultrasonic disperse 30 minutes; add 20 grams of Diisopropyl azodicarboxylates, pass into nitrogen protection, 60 DEG C of reactions Keep agitation 5 hours; be cooled to room temperature, within 5 minutes, isolate supernatant liquid with the centrifugation of 8000 revs/min in centrifuges.By the solid sample after centrifugal through washing with alcohol 2-3 time, then the vacuum drying oven being placed in 40 DEG C is dried to constant weight, reaction yield is 80%, infrared absorption spectra can be seen the charateristic avsorption band of Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, and measuring Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate mole total amount on the carbon nanotubes by TGA is 30%.
2) preparation of the carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities
The carbon nanotube getting 2 grams of load Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiators joins in 250 milliliters of reaction flasks with return stirring device, then adds the methyl alcohol of 150 milliliters, and ultrasonic disperse 50 minutes adds 0.5 gram of maleic anhydride, passes into nitrogen protection, and Keep agitation.Constant temperature preheating 30 minutes at 60 DEG C, is dropwise added drop-wise to 0.5 gram of styrene monomer in system, and after dropwising, sustained reaction 4 hours, is cooled to room temperature, is separated 5 minutes in centrifuges, isolates supernatant liquid with the centrifugation of 8000 revs/min.Washed 2-3 time by solid sample after centrifugal, the vacuum drying oven being then placed in 40 DEG C is dried to constant weight.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of carbon nanotube loaded initiator is with embodiment 1;
The preparation of the carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities
The carbon nanotube getting 4 grams of load Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiators joins in 250 milliliters of reaction flasks with return stirring device, then adds the methyl alcohol of 150 milliliters, and ultrasonic disperse 50 minutes adds 0.8 gram of maleic anhydride, passes into nitrogen protection, and Keep agitation.Constant temperature preheating 30 minutes at 60 DEG C, is dropwise added drop-wise to 0.5 gram of styrene monomer in system, and after dropwising, sustained reaction 4 hours, is cooled to room temperature, is separated 5 minutes in centrifuges isolates supernatant liquid with the centrifugation of 8000 revs/min.Washed 2-3 time by solid sample after centrifugal, the vacuum drying oven being then placed in 40 DEG C is dried to constant weight.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of carbon nanotube loaded initiator is with embodiment 1;
The preparation of the carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities
The carbon nanotube getting 2 grams of load Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiators joins in 250 milliliters of reaction flasks with return stirring device, then adds the methyl alcohol of 150 milliliters, and ultrasonic disperse 50 minutes adds 1 gram of maleic anhydride, passes into nitrogen protection, and Keep agitation.Constant temperature preheating 40 minutes at 60 DEG C, is dropwise added drop-wise to 0.5 gram of styrene monomer in system, and after dropwising, sustained reaction 4 hours, is cooled to room temperature, is separated 5 minutes in centrifuges, isolates supernatant liquid with the centrifugation of 8000 revs/min.Washed 2-3 time by solid sample after centrifugal, the vacuum drying oven being then placed in 40 DEG C is dried to constant weight.
Embodiment 4
The preparation of carbon nanotube loaded initiator is with embodiment 1;
The preparation of the carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities
The carbon nanotube getting 2 grams of load Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiators joins in 250 milliliters of reaction flasks with return stirring device, then adds the methyl alcohol of 150 milliliters, and ultrasonic disperse 50 minutes adds 1.2 grams of maleic anhydrides, passes into nitrogen protection, and Keep agitation.Constant temperature preheating 30 minutes at 60 DEG C, 0.5 gram of styrene monomer (containing 0.14g alpha-methyl styrene) is dropwise added drop-wise in system, sustained reaction 3.5 hours after dropwising, be cooled to room temperature, be separated 5 minutes with the centrifugation of 8000 revs/min in centrifuges, isolate supernatant liquid.Washed 2-3 time by solid sample after centrifugal, the vacuum drying oven being then placed in 40 DEG C is dried to constant weight.
Embodiment 5
The preparation of carbon nanotube loaded initiator is with embodiment 1;
The preparation of the carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities
The carbon nanotube getting 4 grams of load Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiators joins in 250 milliliters of reaction flasks with return stirring device, then adds the methyl alcohol of 150 milliliters, and ultrasonic disperse 50 minutes adds 1 gram of maleic anhydride, passes into nitrogen protection, and Keep agitation.Constant temperature preheating 30 minutes at 60 DEG C, 1 gram of styrene monomer (containing 0.05 gram of alpha-methyl styrene) is dropwise added drop-wise in system, sustained reaction 4 hours after dropwising, be cooled to room temperature, be separated 5 minutes with the centrifugation of 8000 revs/min in centrifuges, isolate supernatant liquid.Washed 2-3 time by solid sample after centrifugal, the vacuum drying oven being then placed in 40 DEG C is dried to constant weight.
Embodiment 6
1) preparation of carbon nanotube loaded initiator
Get pipe range 10 microns of tube wall 20 nanometer multi-walled carbon nano-tubes 10 grams; join in the reaction flask with cooling for reflux whipping appts of 500 milliliters; add the ethanol of 300 milliliters again; ultrasonic disperse 30 minutes; add 50 grams of Diisopropyl azodicarboxylates, pass into nitrogen protection, 60 DEG C of reactions Keep agitation 5 hours; be cooled to room temperature, within 5 minutes, isolate supernatant liquid with the centrifugation of 8000 revs/min in centrifuges.By the solid sample after centrifugal through washing with alcohol 2-3 time, then the vacuum drying oven being placed in 40 DEG C is dried to constant weight, reaction yield is 70%, and infrared absorption spectra can be seen the charateristic avsorption band of Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, and measuring AIBN mole total amount on the carbon nanotubes by TGA is 40%.
2) preparation of the carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities
The carbon nanotube getting 2 grams of load Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiators joins in 250 milliliters of reaction flasks with return stirring device, then adds the methyl alcohol of 150 milliliters, and ultrasonic disperse 30 minutes adds 1 gram of maleic anhydride, passes into nitrogen protection, and Keep agitation.Constant temperature preheating 30 minutes at 60 DEG C, 1.2 grams of styrene monomers (containing 0.2 gram of alpha-methyl styrene) are dropwise added drop-wise in system, sustained reaction 4 hours after dropwising, be cooled to room temperature, be separated 5 minutes with the centrifugation of 8000 revs/min in centrifuges, isolate supernatant liquid.Washed 2-3 time by solid sample after centrifugal, the vacuum drying oven being then placed in 40 DEG C is dried to constant weight.
Embodiment 7
The preparation of carbon nanotube loaded initiator is with embodiment 6;
The preparation of the carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities
The carbon nanotube getting 4 grams of load Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiators joins in 250 milliliters of reaction flasks with return stirring device, then adds the acetone of 150 milliliters, and ultrasonic disperse 1 hour adds 1 gram of maleic anhydride, passes into nitrogen protection, and Keep agitation.1.4 grams of styrene monomers are dropwise added drop-wise in system by constant temperature preheating 30 minutes at 60 DEG C, and after dropwising, sustained reaction 4 hours, is cooled to room temperature, is separated 5 minutes in centrifuges, isolates supernatant liquid with the centrifugation of 8000 revs/min.Washed 2-3 time by solid sample after centrifugal, the vacuum drying oven being then placed in 40 DEG C is dried to constant weight.
Embodiment 8
The preparation of carbon nanotube loaded initiator is with embodiment 6;
The preparation of the carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities
The carbon nanotube getting 4 grams of load Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiators joins in 250 milliliters of reaction flasks with return stirring device, then adds the acetone of 150 milliliters, and ultrasonic disperse one hour adds 1 gram of maleic anhydride, passes into nitrogen protection, and Keep agitation.1.6 grams of styrene monomers are dropwise added drop-wise in system by constant temperature preheating 50 minutes at 60 DEG C, and after dropwising, sustained reaction 4 hours, is cooled to room temperature, is separated 5 minutes in centrifuges, isolates supernatant liquid with the centrifugation of 8000 revs/min.Washed 2-3 time by solid sample after centrifugal, the vacuum drying oven being then placed in 40 DEG C is dried to constant weight.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of the carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities, it is characterized in that: in an inert atmosphere, heated with initiator by multi-walled carbon nano-tubes and mix, be prepared into the carbon nanotube of load initiator, wherein the molar ratio of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes and initiator is 1: 1 ~ 1: 50; By the carbon nanotube of load initiator by ultrasonic disperse in a solvent, pass into nitrogen protection, add maleic anhydride monomer under stirring, carbon nanotube and maleic anhydride monomer ratio are 1: 1 ~ 1: 50; Keep temperature of reaction 20 ~ 70 DEG C of preheatings after 0.1 ~ 2 hour, constant pressure funnel drips styrene monomer, controls rate of addition in 0.1-2 hour and dropwises, then insulation reaction 0.1 ~ 12 hour; Be cooled to room temperature, separating, washing is dry, and obtain the carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities, wherein the mol ratio of styrene monomer and maleic anhydride is 1: 0.05 ~ 1: 50.
2. the preparation method of carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities according to claim 1, is characterized in that described initiator is Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (AIBN).
3. the preparation method of carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities according to claim 1, is characterized in that closing the alpha-methyl styrene having Molecular regulator amount in described styrene monomer.
4. the preparation method of carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities according to claim 1, is characterized in that using the process of dehydrated alcohol recrystallization purifying before described Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate uses, for subsequent use after room temperature in vacuo drying after filtering; Styrene monomer removes stopper and dry rear use.
5. the preparation method of carbon nano tube compound material of water oil two dissolubilities according to claim 1, is characterized in that described solvent is methyl alcohol or acetone.
6. the arbitrary described preparation method of Claims 1 to 5 obtain water oil two dissolubilities carbon nano tube compound material.
7. the carbon nano tube compound material of water oil according to claim 6 two dissolubilities, it is characterized in that the carbon nanotube diameter of described matrix material is 1-100 nanometer, length is 0.1-50 micron.
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CN104927404A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-23 | 北京化工大学 | Method for preparing core-shell type carbon nano tube dielectric packing through in-situ copolymerization technology |
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CN109763258A (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2019-05-17 | 武汉工程大学 | A kind of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer/carbon nano-tube non-woven fabrics and preparation method thereof |
CN112795027A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-05-14 | 玉林师范学院 | Preparation method of temperature-controllable separated nano material with surface activity |
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