CN104345209B - Optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor - Google Patents
Optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104345209B CN104345209B CN201310347895.1A CN201310347895A CN104345209B CN 104345209 B CN104345209 B CN 104345209B CN 201310347895 A CN201310347895 A CN 201310347895A CN 104345209 B CN104345209 B CN 104345209B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor, including cantilever beam and fixed the first fiber grating on a cantilever beam, second fiber grating, the cantilever beam includes fixing end successively, variant part and free end, first fiber grating and the second fiber grating are located at the both sides up and down of variant part respectively, and be connected in series with each other, the fixing end is fixed on a fixed mount, free end is provided with an armature, also include a magnetic conductor being fixed on fixed mount, the magnetic conductor is in open annular, allow the cavity that tested wire is passed through provided with one in the middle of the magnetic conductor, a breach connected with cavity is provided between the magnetic conductor two ends, and it is equipped with air gap between magnetic conductor two ends and armature end.The current sensor senses the size that electric current is tested in tested wire by magnetic conductor, overcomes the error produced in the prior art by the magnetoelectricity conversion inside electromagnet or electromagnetic conversion, and then improve measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of current sensor, more particularly to a kind of optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor.
Background technology
Current sensor is a kind of sensor wide in power industry purposes, is also the basic sensing of intelligent power network
Device, it can be used for metering, can be used for safety monitoring, be power industry examinations or the conventional basic sensing element of monitoring
Part.
At present, current sensor is typically adopted electronically, and it does not have sourceless characteristic and long-distance transmissions function, and
And interference free performance is poor, measurement accuracy is low, service life is short, reliability is low, and electrical type current sensor can not be in high compression ring
Worked under border, there is electric leakage, climb the danger of electricity, therefore such current sensor can not solve electric current metering and prison in industry well
Survey problem.
To solve the above problems, Chinese invention patent application specification CN102778598A discloses a kind of fiber grating temperature
Spend self compensation current sensor, including fixed mount, cantilever beam, electromagnet, the first light for attracting part and being located on same optical fiber
Fine grating and the second fiber grating, described outrigger horizontal are set, and one end is free end, and the other end is fixing end, and this is fixed
End is connected on fixed mount, and the middle part of cantilever beam is provided with elastic region, and described optical fiber is set on a cantilever beam, the first fiber grating and
Second fiber grating is respectively positioned at the both sides up and down of the elastic region of cantilever beam, and described electromagnet is located on fixed mount, and is located at
Below the free end of cantilever beam, the free end of cantilever beam is provided with attraction part；When tested electric current is by magnet spool, electromagnet
The attraction part for being pointed to cantilever beam free end produces attraction so that cantilever beam produces amount of deflection change, positioned at cantilever beam elastic region
The first fiber grating stretching of top, the second fiber grating below cantilever beam elastic region shrinks, and produces wavelength change, leads to
Cross detection of the variable quantity realization of the first fiber grating and the second optic fiber grating wavelength to electric current；When the temperature is changed, it is located at same
The variable quantity that the first fiber grating and the second fiber grating on one optical fiber produce wavelength realizes temperature self-compensation to same.
But, there is following defect in above-mentioned optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor：
1st, in the current sensor, tested electric current enters magnet spool by electric wire, by electricity-magnetic of electromagnet
Attraction part is held after conversion, and the electricity-magnetic transfer process can be inevitably generated error, reduction sensor is to current measurement
Accuracy, and tested electric current needed inside flow sensor, so as to reduce reliability；
2nd, in the current sensor, the spacing between cantilever beam free end and fixing end is larger, and cantilever beam is because of free end
Amount of deflection produced by moving down is again smaller, so as to influence the deformation of the first fiber grating and the second fiber grating, finally reduces electric current
The sensitivity of sensor.
The content of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind without sensor internal electricity-
The high optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor of magnetic conversion, measurement accuracy.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor, including cantilever beam
With fixed the first fiber grating on a cantilever beam, the second fiber grating, the cantilever beam include successively fixing end, variant part and
Free end, first fiber grating and the second fiber grating positioned at the both sides up and down of variant part and are connected in series with each other respectively,
The fixing end is fixed on a fixed mount, and free end is provided with an armature, is also fixed on magnetic conductor on fixed mount including one,
The magnetic conductor is in allow the cavity that tested wire is passed through, the magnetic conductor two ends provided with one in the middle of open annular, the magnetic conductor
Between be provided with a breach connected with cavity, and be equipped with air gap between magnetic conductor two ends and armature end.
Further, the both sides up and down of the fixing end are equipped with first boss, and the both sides up and down of free end are equipped with
Two boss, the two ends of first fiber grating are separately fixed in first boss and second boss, second fiber grating
Two ends be also separately fixed in first boss and second boss.
Preferably, first fiber grating and the second optical fibre optical fibre are in series by an optical fiber, and the optical fiber is also fixed
On a cantilever beam.
Further, first fiber grating and the second fiber grating are the different fiber grating of two wavelength.
Further, the thickness H of the variant part is less than fixing end, the thickness W of free end.
Preferably, the magnetic conductor is annular or square frame-shaped.
As described above, optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor of the present invention, has the advantages that：
The current sensor by magnetic conductor sense tested wire in be tested electric current size, overcome in the prior art because
Magnetic-electricity conversion or electricity-magnetic inside electromagnet are changed and the error of generation, and then improve measurement accuracy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 the structural representation of present invention.
Fig. 2 encloses enlarged drawing for Fig. 1 A.
Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 is Fig. 1 not be the same as Example.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 for cantilever beam not be the same as Example in the present invention structural representation.
Component label instructions
1 cantilever beam
11 fixing ends
111 first boss
12 variant parts
13 free ends
131 second boss
14 reinforcing portions
15 gaps
2 first fiber gratings
3 second fiber gratings
4 fixed mounts
5 armature
51 bodies
52 adsorbed portions
6 magnetic conductors
61 cavitys
62 breach
Magnetic conductive part on 63
631 magnetic-conductance portions
64 times magnetic conductive parts
Flange connector on 65
66 times flange connectors
67 protuberances
7 air gaps
8 optical fiber
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by particular specific embodiment below, those skilled in the art can be by this explanation
Content disclosed by book understands other advantages and effect of the present invention easily.
It should be clear that structure, ratio, size depicted in this specification institute accompanying drawings etc., only to coordinate specification to be taken off
The content shown, so that those skilled in the art is understood with reading, is not limited to enforceable qualifications of the invention, therefore
Do not have technical essential meaning, the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or the adjustment of size are not influenceing the present invention
Under the effect that can be generated and the purpose that can reach, it all should still fall and obtain the model that can cover in disclosed technology contents
In enclosing.Meanwhile, the term of cited such as " on ", " under " in this specification, "left", "right", " centre " and " one " is also only
It is easy to understanding for narration, and is not used to limit enforceable scope of the invention, its relativeness is altered or modified, without essence
Change under technology contents, when being also considered as enforceable category of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor, including cantilever beam 1 and solid
The first fiber grating 2 on cantilever beam 1, the second fiber grating 3 are scheduled on, the cantilever beam 1 includes fixing end 11, variant part successively
12 and free end 13, the variant part 12 is made up of elastomeric material, and the fiber grating 3 of the first fiber grating 2 and second is distinguished
Positioned at the both sides up and down of variant part 12 and it is connected in series with each other, the fixing end 11 is fixed on a fixed mount 4, free end 13
An armature 5 is provided with, also magnetic conductor 6 on fixed mount 4 is fixed on including one, the magnetic conductor 6 is in open annular, the magnetic conductor
In the middle of 6 provided with one allow between the cavity 61 that tested wire is passed through, the two ends of magnetic conductor 6 provided with one connected with cavity 61 it is scarce
Mouth is equipped with air gap 7 between 62, and the two ends of magnetic conductor 6 and the end of armature 5, sees Fig. 2.The breach 62 makes magnetic conductor 6 be one
Inc ring bodies, and cantilever beam 1 can also fill non-magnet_conductible material in the outside of the breach 62, the breach 62, from
And making magnetic conductor 6 in the tested electric current of sensing, the magnetic circuit produced by magnetic conductor 6 is an inc toroid.This reality
Apply in example, first fiber grating 2 and the second fiber grating 3 are the different fiber grating of two wavelength, make it in range
It does not interfere with each other.
During using the current sensor measurement electric current, magnetic conductor 6 is enclosed within tested wire or measured object, makes tested wire
Or the tested electric current in measured object passes through the cavity 61 of magnetic conductor 6, forms a ring between magnetic conductor 6 and armature 5 by air gap 7
To the magnetic circuit of closure, magnetic conductor 6 is sensed the tested electric current and is produced a suction to armature 5, make armature 5, free end 13 together
Move down, and then be bent downwardly the variant part 12 of cantilever beam 1, produce an amount of deflection, then positioned at the second of the top of variant part 12
Fiber grating 3 is stretched in its axial direction, and the first fiber grating 2 positioned at the lower section of variant part 12 is compressed in its axial direction, i.e.,
The wavelength change of first fiber grating 2 and the wavelength change of the second fiber grating 3 are equal in magnitude, in opposite direction, and then are accurately measuring
The interference of temperature is eliminated while tested electric current again, temperature self-compensation is realized.And the size and magnetic conductor 6 of tested electric current are to armature
The size of suction produced by 5 is proportional, and the size of the suction and the first fiber grating 2 and the second fiber grating 3
Wavelength change size it is proportional, therefore quilt can be measured by the wavelength change of the first fiber grating 2 and the second fiber grating 3
Survey the size of electric current.
When further, using the optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor measurement electric current, the meter of electric current and temperature
Calculating formula is not originally：
I=I0+KI×((λA1-λB1)-(λA0-λB0))=I0+KI×(ΔλA-ΔλB)
T=T0+KT×((λA1+λB1)-(λA0+λB0))=T0+KT×(ΔλA+ΔλB)
In formula：I0For reference zero current value；KIFor current coefficient；λA0For the zero point wavelength of the first fiber grating 2；λA1For
The measurement wavelength of first fiber grating 2；λB0For the zero point wavelength of the second fiber grating 3；λB1For the measurement of the second fiber grating 3
Wavelength；T0For reference zero temperature value；KTFor temperature coefficient.
So, when the wavelength change of the first fiber grating 2 and the second fiber grating 3 it is equal in magnitude, it is in opposite direction when, Δ λA
+ΔλBEqual to zero, therefore the influence of temperature change is eliminated, improve the environmental suitability of sensor, and also overcome prior art
The error that middle electricity-magnetic because inside electromagnet is changed and produced, realizes the accurate sensing to alternating current and DC current, improves
Current measurement precision.In addition, the sensor also has temp sensing function, the first fiber grating 2 and the are realized by the change of structure
Two fiber gratings 3 are stretched or compressed simultaneously simultaneously, i.e. the wavelength change of the first fiber grating 2 and the second fiber grating 3 is big
When small equal, in opposite direction, the interference of current vs. temperature, and then accurate measurement temperature value can be eliminated.
In the present embodiment, the magnetic conductor 6 can be circle, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5；It can also be square frame
Shape, as shown in Figure 4.When magnetic conductor 6 is square frame-shaped, for the ease of the manufacturing of magnetic conductor 6, by 6 points of square frame-shaped magnetic conductor
The upper magnetic conductive part 63 and lower magnetic conductive part 64 for being spill are cut into, Fig. 4 is seen, upper magnetic conductive part 63 is divided into left and right by the breach 62 again
Two magnetic-conductance portions 631, the periphery of the magnetic-conductance portion 631 is provided with upper flange connector 65, and the periphery of lower magnetic conductive part 64 is provided with lower connection
Flange 66, the upper flange connector 65 is connected with lower flange connector 66 by fasteners such as bolt, screws, can also pass through weldering
The mode connect is connected, so as to surround the magnetic conductor 6 of the square frame-shaped.
Further, Fig. 1 and Fig. 6 are seen, the both sides up and down of the fixing end 11 are equipped with first boss 111, free end 13
Both sides up and down be equipped with second boss 131, the two ends of first fiber grating 2 are separately fixed at first boss 111 and
On two boss 131, the two ends of second fiber grating 3 are also separately fixed in first boss 111 and second boss 131, are entered
And make the first fiber grating 2 and the second fiber grating 3 be pre-stretched, tensioning state be fixed on cantilever beam 1, and with deformation
It is hanging set between portion 12.In addition, by fixing end 11, free end 13, variant part 12, first boss 111 and second boss
131 cantilever beams 1 constituted can be integral structure, or one formed after being fixedly connected by each building block is split type
Structure.Preferably, the ability that armature 5 moves down degree is perceived in order to improve variant part 12, that is, improves the sensitive of the current sensor
Degree, the thickness H of the variant part 12 is less than fixing end 11, the thickness W of free end 13, the thickness H of variant part 12, the and of fixing end 11
The thickness W of free end 13 each means variant part 12, fixing end 11, free end 13 in the amount of deflection direction of variant part 12（Namely armature 5
Direction of displacement）On thickness.
Preferably, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the armature 5 includes body 51 and is located at the adsorbed portion of the lower end of body 51
52, the upper end of body 51 is fixed on the centre of the free end 13 by a screw, and the center of screw is at the center of variant part 12
On the extended line of line；The air gap 7 is located between adsorbed portion 52 and magnetic conductor 6, and the cross-sectional area of adsorbed portion 52 is big
In the cross-sectional area of body 51, so that magnetic conductor 6 is in the case of the tested electric current of sensing, the amount of deflection that variant part 12 is produced becomes
Change and the size of tested electric current are strictly proportional, further improve the measurement accuracy of the current sensor, greatly
Reduce measurement error.In addition, in said structure, armature 5 is directly anchored on the free end 13 of the one end of variant part 12,
So as to shorten the distance between variant part 12 and armature 5, the ability that variant part 12 perceives the displacement of armature 5 is improved, and then improve
The sensitivity of current sensor.In addition, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, when magnetic conductor 6 is larger, in order that the internal structure of sensor
It is compacter, the protuberance 67 upwardly extended is equipped with the inside of the two ends of the magnetic conductor 6, the quilt of the protuberance 67 and armature 5
Adsorption section 52 is oppositely arranged, and the air gap 7 is located between protuberance 67 and adsorbed portion 52.
Preferably, Fig. 1 is seen, the fiber grating 3 of the first fiber grating 2 and second is in series by an optical fiber 8, the light
Fibre 8 is also secured on cantilever beam 1.In the present embodiment, first fiber grating 2, the second fiber grating 3 and optical fiber 8
It is bonded on cantilever beam 1, can be also welded on by inorganic material on cantilever beam 1 by high-temp glue.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, the right side of fixing end 11 is provided with two reinforcing portions 14 extended to the right, the deformation
Portion 12 is located between two variant parts 12, and a gap 15, institute are equipped between the both sides up and down of variant part 12 and reinforcing portion 14
State reinforcing portion 14 and fixing end 11 to be fixed on fixed mount 4 by fasteners such as screw, bolts, so as to ensure cantilever beam 1
Fixing end 11 be reliably connected with fixed mount 4, during being moved down in free end 13 in company with armature 5, fixing end 11 will not be produced
The phenomenons such as sliding, and then ensure the accuracy of measurement result, also make the compact conformation of cantilever beam 1.In addition, the width in the gap 15
Width more than the maximum defluxion produced by variant part 12, and the air gap 7 is also greater than the maximum produced described in variant part 12
Amount of deflection, to ensure armature 5 when driving free end 13 to move in the presence of the suction of magnetic conductor 6, the amount of deflection that variant part 12 is produced has
Enough change spaces.
In summary, optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor of the present invention has advantages below：
1st, temperature compensation function is carried, the active force for making variant part 12 produce amount of deflection is provided using the suction of magnetic conductor 6,
The influence of temperature is effectively eliminated while accurately measuring electric current again, the environmental suitability of the sensor is improved, finally raising pair
The accuracy of current measurement；
2nd, electromagnetism interference, using fiber grating as sensing element, what it was produced is the movable signal of optical maser wavelength, should
Signal is not by electromagnetic interference；
3rd, using safety, the current sensor need not also produce electric current in power supply, and whole measurement process, without general
Tested electric current access sensor internal, therefore more reliable performance；
4th, can long-distance transmissions, the laser signal transmission distance in the current sensor is much larger than more than 40 kilometers
Other kinds of current sensor；
5th, the signal in essence insulation, the current sensor is drawn by the optical fiber of essence insulation, improves safety in utilization；
6th, measurement accuracy is high, and the current sensor directly passes through the induced-current of magnetic conductor 6, it is to avoid in the prior art using electricity
Magnet to be carried out magnetic-electricity conversion or electricity-error caused by magnetic conversion；
7th, overall structure is simple, compact, low cost；
8th, because the current sensor need not power, so all properties advantage with fiber optic passive device.
So, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcoming of the prior art and has high industrial utilization.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, not for the limitation present invention.It is any ripe
Know the personage of this technology all can carry out modifications and changes under the spirit and scope without prejudice to the present invention to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, those of ordinary skill in the art is complete without departing from disclosed spirit and institute under technological thought such as
Into all equivalent modifications or change, should by the present invention claim be covered.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor, including cantilever beam (1) and be fixed on cantilever beam (1) first
Fiber grating (2), the second fiber grating (3), the cantilever beam (1) include fixing end (11), variant part (12) and freedom successively
Hold (13), first fiber grating (2) and the second fiber grating (3) are respectively positioned at the both sides up and down of variant part (12) and phase
Mutually it is connected in series, the fixing end (11) is fixed on a fixed mount (4), free end (13) are provided with an armature (5), its feature
It is：Also include a magnetic conductor (6) being fixed on fixed mount (4), the magnetic conductor (6) is in open annular, the magnetic conductor (6)
Allow to be provided with one between the cavity (61) that tested wire is passed through, magnetic conductor (6) two ends with cavity (61) even provided with one in centre
It is equipped with air gap (7), the breach (62) and fills between logical breach (62), and magnetic conductor (6) two ends and armature (5) end
There is non-magnet_conductible material；When magnetic conductor (6) is enclosed within tested wire, sense tested electric current, the breach (62) and not magnetic conduction material
Magnetic circuit produced by material makes in magnetic conductor (6) is an inc toroid, by air gap (7) in magnetic conductor (6) and armature
(5) a ring closed magnetic circuit is formed between.
2. optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fixing end
(11) both sides up and down are equipped with first boss (111), and the both sides up and down of free end (13) are equipped with second boss (131), institute
The two ends for stating the first fiber grating (2) are separately fixed in first boss (111) and second boss (131), second optical fiber
The two ends of grating (3) are also separately fixed in first boss (111) and second boss (131).
3. optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First optical fiber
Grating (2) and the second fiber grating (3) are in series by an optical fiber (8), and the optical fiber (8) is also secured on cantilever beam (1).
4. optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First optical fiber
Grating (2) and the second fiber grating (3) are the different fiber grating of two wavelength.
5. optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The variant part
(12) thickness H is less than fixing end (11), the thickness W of free end (13).
6. optical fiber grating temperature self-compensating current sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The magnetic conductor
(6) it is annular or square frame-shaped.
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| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder | ||
| CP01 | Change in the name or title of a patent holder |
Address after: 200093 No. 1000, military road, Shanghai, Yangpu District Patentee after: SHANGHAI ELECTRIC CABLE RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Shanghai Saikeli Photoelectric Technology Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: SHANGHAI SENSORLEAD TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 200093 No. 1000, military road, Shanghai, Yangpu District Patentee before: SHANGHAI ELECTRIC CABLE RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: SHANGHAI SECRI OPTICAL&ELECTRIC CABLE Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: SHANGHAI SENSORLEAD TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |