CN104343440B - The detection method and system of mud pressure pulse signal - Google Patents
The detection method and system of mud pressure pulse signal Download PDFInfo
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- CN104343440B CN104343440B CN201410438105.5A CN201410438105A CN104343440B CN 104343440 B CN104343440 B CN 104343440B CN 201410438105 A CN201410438105 A CN 201410438105A CN 104343440 B CN104343440 B CN 104343440B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011430 maximum method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
- E21B47/18—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves through the well fluid, e.g. mud pressure pulse telemetry
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of detection method of mud pressure pulse signal and system, described method comprises the following steps：S1, receives the signal containing mud-pressure pulses coding information transmitted from mud medium；S2, LPF is carried out to the signal received；S3, average algorithm processing is carried out to the signal after LPF；S4, Chebyshev LPF is carried out to the signal after average algorithm processing；S5, processing is amplified to the signal after Chebyshev LPF；Data after enhanced processing are carried out subtracting base value processing by S6；S7, underground survey data are demodulated according to coding protocol from the signal received.The present invention is especially by after the enhanced processing for carrying out signal, the ratio of the pulse consistent with effective impulse shape width can be put into maximum, for this angle, effective impulse and the amplitude of the disturbing pulse of other forms are namely pulled open, so as to be conducive to detection to decode, the accuracy rate of decoding is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the drilling measuring technology in geological resource exploration and exploitation drilling well, more particularly to a kind of mud pressure
The detection method and system of pulse signal.
Background technology
At present, explore and develop the widely used directional tool of drilling applications (MWD) and well logging in geological resource
The measurement while-drilling instruments such as instrument (LWD), its feature is measured using wireless system, instead of traditional wire measuring system
Long cable, it is easy to use, the real-time measurement of underground survey data is realized, the efficiency of geological prospecting and drilling well is improved.
MWD and LWD this quasi-instrument is that to use mud (drilling fluid) be medium by underground survey data transfer to ground mostly.Well
Lower measurement data is first adjusted into the pressure pulse signal of certain sequence according to the coding rule of setting, is changed by slurry pulsator
Mud pressure produces a series of pressure pulse in slurry fluid, and a standpipe pressure is installed on the mud channel on ground and is passed
Sensor measures the pressure change of mud, and then completing signal detection by hardware and software again recognizes, is calculated by certain computing
Method and decoding rule demodulate underground survey data message to come.
Because pressure signal can decay in mud transmission, while also suffering from many factors such as slush pump and echo
Influence, many interference can be superimposed in mud pulse signal, especially in the case where noise jamming is severe, can not be detected at all
Useful signal, has a strong impact on the normal work in well site, limits the use of such measurement while-drilling instrument, therefore will drown out and carrying on the back by force
Detection of Weak Signals in scape noise signal comes out, and is the crucial skill of identification coded sequence transmission data in mud channel system
Art.
The patent application of Application No. 200410005525.0 discloses " one kind reception and detection mud pressure pulse signal
Method and device ", it uses different methods to solve noise and interference problem, but the mud after being handled by this method
Pressure pulse signal still has serious decoding error problem, thus is badly in need of making improvements.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide the detection method and system of a kind of mud pressure pulse signal, it can be effective
Problems of the prior art are solved, are especially still had except the mud pressure pulse signal made an uproar, gone after interference processing
Solve the problem of code error is serious.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：A kind of inspection of mud pressure pulse signal
Survey method, comprises the following steps：
S1, receives the signal containing mud-pressure pulses coding information transmitted from mud medium；
S2, LPF is carried out to the signal received；
S3, average algorithm processing is carried out to the signal after LPF；
S4, Chebyshev LPF is carried out to the signal after average algorithm processing；
S5, processing is amplified to the signal after Chebyshev LPF；
Data after enhanced processing are carried out subtracting base value processing by S6；
S7, underground survey data are demodulated according to coding protocol from the signal received.
It is preferred that, in step S1, using time slot location coding method by underground survey data code modulation into containing mud
Starch the signal of pressure pulse coding information；So that only one of which pulse is effective impulse within the time set,
The influence of disturbing pulse can effectively be removed.
It is furthermore preferred that during using time slot location coding, synchronous head is to add shape after 4 equally spaced pulses, synchronous head
State code determines decoding sequence below, so as to ensure accurate synchronization while decoding efficiency is improved.
It is preferred that, in step S2, quadravalence hardware low pass ripple is carried out to the signal received.
In the step S3 of the present invention, the signal to after LPF, which carries out average algorithm processing, to be included：Continuously adopt
Collect 32 signals, average treatment is made after removing maximum and minimum value.
It is preferred that, the carry out Chebyshev LPF described in step S4 includes：From ChebyshevII mode filters
(ripple such as stopband), design eight kinds of different cut-off frequencies (0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3,3.5,4Hz) wave filter be filtered,
It can be used according to the different situations selection of noise in data, the signal received and the wave filter of design are carried out at convolution
Reason, the noise that will be above setting cut-off frequency is filtered, maximally effective except effect of making an uproar so as to reach.Verified through lot of experiments
Afterwards, the present invention cut-off frequency of Chebyshev low pass filter is designed as 0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3,3.5,4Hz so that
The filter effect for obtaining the Chebyshev low pass filter becomes apparent.
It is furthermore preferred that in step S4, when carrying out Chebyshev LPF, passband side frequency is 2Hz, and passband maximum attenuation is small
In 0.1dB, stopband side frequency is 3Hz, and minimum attenuation in stop band is more than 60dB, so as to more effectively filter high-frequency noise.
It is preferred that, processing be amplified to the signal after Chebyshev LPF included described in step S5：Design
The waveform template close with effective mud-pressure pulses shape；Signal after Chebyshev LPF and waveform template are carried out
Calculation process so that the pressure pulse amplification similar to waveform template.The principle of enhanced processing is design and effective impulse shape
Most like waveform template, this template is carried out with filtered waveform can be not similar shape after dot product (i.e. calculation process), dot product
The pulse of shape is all amplified, but maximum with the enlargement range of waveform template most close pulse, has thus reached amplification
Effective impulse improves the effect of pulse recognition rate.
In the step S6 of the present invention, the data after enhanced processing are carried out using three rank Runge-Kutta algorithms to subtract at base value
Reason, so as to which the base value of impulse waveform is moved near 0, is conducive to judging using a threshold value effective arteries and veins of synchronous head
Punching, while only base value is consistent, using the method that ceiling capacity is searched by groove could find out effective impulse (because base in decoding
Value is corresponding with pump pressure, and pump pressure is possible to fluctuate, and decoding is needed to use thresholding when searching synchronous head, and base value only is adjusted into 0,
Just synchronous head can be searched with usage threshold), in addition, being suppressed using the algorithm to error, precision is higher.
The detecting system of the mud pressure pulse signal of preceding method is realized, including：Standpipe pressure sensor, data acquisition
Processor and computer, data collection processor are connected with standpipe pressure sensor and computer respectively；Described standpipe pressure
Sensor, for measuring the mud pressure at standpipe, electric signal is converted to by the change of standpipe pressure；Data collection processor,
LPF and signal averaging algorithm process are carried out for receiving the signal from standpipe pressure sensor, and to the signal；Meter
Calculation machine, for receive data collection processor transmission data, and the data are carried out successively Chebyshev low-pass filtering treatment,
Enhanced processing is handled with base value is subtracted；Underground survey data are demodulated further according to the coding protocol of time slot location coding method
Come.
Inventor has found by substantial amounts of testing research：Due to the simply high-frequency signal that low pass filter is filtered out, but actually
Mud pressure pulse signal do not only exist High-frequency Interference caused by pump, while also exist low frequency caused by a lot of other factors do
Disturb, and this low-frequency disturbance is mistakenly considered effective impulse if being easy to be decoded system without taking method to be filtered out, from
And the problem of cause decoding error.
Compared with prior art, the present invention by mud pressure pulse signal carry out LPF, average algorithm processing,
Chebyshev LPF, enhanced processing and subtract base value processing, so as in the noise and drilling operation course by slush pump
Other random noise noise filterings produced are fallen, and faint useful signal is extracted；Especially the present invention is by being believed
Number enhanced processing after, the ratio of the pulse consistent with effective impulse shape width can be put into maximum, from this angle come
Say, that is, pulled open effective impulse and the amplitude of the disturbing pulse of other forms, so as to be conducive to detection to decode, improve and understand
The accuracy rate of code；In addition, the present invention using time slot location coding method by underground survey data code modulation into containing mud
The signal of pressure pulse coding information, so as to furthermore achieved that the function of removing noise (because time slot from coded system
Method be defined in only one of which effective impulse in specific slot number in other words in a period of time, so according to energy maximum
Method, can lock effective impulse, and other disturbing pulses in this period can all ignore；Described energy maximum
Method, i.e., according to coding protocol, each pulse can occupy two groove widths, so algorithmically, by each two groove width to correlation
The data that amplification subtracts after base value processing are integrated computing, that is, the value of all data points of each two groove is added, as a result
Value it is maximum be taken as effective impulse), also further increase the accuracy rate of decoding.In addition, experimental study shows：Three ranks are hard
Part low pass filter can not effectively filter out High-frequency Interference, and quadravalence hardware low pass filter can then meet system filter requirement, because
And the present invention carries out quadravalence hardware low pass ripple to the signal received, resource has been saved.In addition, the present invention is related by adjusting
The parameter of amplifier, including width and shape, wherein, described width is consistent with pulse width, and shape is divided into high cap and triangle,
It can be determined according to the shape of original pulse, so as to more effectively filter out various random noise noises.The present invention always according to
Data transmitting period and test experiments knot when signal sampling frequencies, data collection processor are with decoding Computer Data Communication
Really, 32 signals of continuous acquisition, average treatment is made after removing maximum and minimum value, so as to meet the base of systematic function
On plinth so that except making an uproar, go the effect of interference more preferable.Finally, when using time slot location coding in the present invention, synchronous head is 4
Add conditional code after equally spaced pulse, synchronous head to determine decoding sequence below, so as to improve decoding efficiency
Ensure accurate synchronization simultaneously；Easily cause synchronization by mistake disturbing pulse as effective impulse if when synchronous head is 3 pulses
Mistake；Synchronous head then adds lock in time when being 5 pulses and reduces decoding efficiency；And if synchronous head be 4 pulses when,
Synchronization then can be effectively found, decoding efficiency has both been improved and in turn ensure that accurate synchronization；In addition, next pulse is shape after synchronization
State code, may thereby determine which parameter is ensuing data sequence be by conditional code, then just can be according to coding protocol
Effective impulse is found by the maximum method of energy, decoded.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of workflow diagram of embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of system structure diagram of embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the filtered waveform effect of Chebyshev low pass filter that initial data waveform passes through that cut-off frequency is 1
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the filtered waveform of Chebyshev low pass filter that initial data waveform passes through that cut-off frequency is 0.5 or 1
Effect diagram；
Fig. 5 finds synchronous head and the schematic diagram of conditional code when being software decoding；
Fig. 6 is the software design sketch that temporally groove is decoded；
Fig. 7 is to be amplified effect contrast figure before and after the processing.
Reference：1- standpipe pressure sensors, 2- data collection processors, 3- computers.
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention：A kind of detection method of mud pressure pulse signal, as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps：
S1, is encoded underground survey data code modulation into containing mud-pressure pulses using time slot location coding method
The signal of information；Receive the signal containing mud-pressure pulses coding information transmitted from mud medium；
S2, quadravalence hardware low pass ripple is carried out using low pass filter MAX292 to the signal received；
S3, average algorithm processing is carried out to the signal after LPF；Described average algorithm processing includes：Continuous acquisition
32 signals, average treatment is made after removing maximum and minimum value；
S4, Chebyshev LPF is carried out to the signal after average algorithm processing；Wherein, passband side frequency is 2Hz, passband
Maximum attenuation is less than 0.1dB, and stopband side frequency is 3Hz, and minimum attenuation in stop band is more than 60dB；Selected during Chebyshev LPF
ChebyshevII mode filters are used, the wave filter for designing eight kinds of different cut-off frequencies is filtered, will be above setting cut-off frequency
Noise filter；Described eight kinds different cut-off frequencies can for 0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3,3.5,4Hz；
S5, processing is amplified to the signal after Chebyshev LPF；The described processing that is amplified includes：Design
The waveform template close with effective mud-pressure pulses shape；Signal after Chebyshev LPF and waveform template are carried out
Calculation process so that the pressure pulse amplification similar to waveform template；
Data after enhanced processing are carried out subtracting base value processing by S6 using three rank Runge-Kutta algorithms；
S7, underground survey data are demodulated according to coding protocol from the signal received, wherein, synchronous head is 4 etc.
Conditional code is added after the pulse at interval, synchronous head to determine decoding sequence below；Design sketch such as Fig. 6 institutes that temporally groove is decoded
Show；The schematic diagram that synchronous head and conditional code are found during decoding is as shown in Figure 5.
The detecting system of the mud pressure pulse signal of the above method is realized, as shown in Fig. 2 including：Standpipe pressure is sensed
Device 1, data collection processor 2 and computer 3, data collection processor 2 connect with standpipe pressure sensor 1 and computer 3 respectively
Connect；Described standpipe pressure sensor 1, for measuring the mud pressure at standpipe, telecommunications is converted to by the change of standpipe pressure
Number；Data collection processor 2, for receiving the signal from standpipe pressure sensor 1, and the signal is carried out LPF and
Signal averaging algorithm process；The data for receiving the data of the transmission of data collection processor 2, and are carried out by computer 3 successively
Chebyshev low-pass filtering treatment, enhanced processing and subtract base value processing；Further according to the coding protocol of time slot location coding method
Underground survey data are demodulated to come.
Inventor has carried out experimental study to the Chebyshev low-pass filter effect in above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 (figure
3 be the filtered waveform effect schematic diagram of Chebyshev low pass filter that initial data waveform passes through that cut-off frequency is 1, its
In, above be initial data waveform, below be off the Chebyshev low pass filter filtered waveform effect that frequency is 1
Fruit schematic diagram), as a result show：After cut-off frequency is used for 1 Chebyshev low pass filter filtering, high frequency can be effectively filtered out
Noise.(Fig. 4 is the Chebyshev LPF that initial data waveform passes through that cut-off frequency is 0.5 or 1 especially as shown in Figure 4
The filtered waveform effect schematic diagram of device, wherein, above for cut-off frequency be 1 Chebyshev low pass filter it is filtered
Waveform effect schematic diagram, it is middle for initial data waveform, the Chebyshev low pass filter for being 0.5 for cut-off frequency below
Filtered waveform effect schematic diagram), the effect for using cut-off frequency to be filtered for 0.5Hz Chebyshev low pass filter
More preferably；In addition, inventor is also studied the effect of enhanced processing, (Fig. 7 is to be amplified before and after the processing as shown in Figure 7
Effect contrast figure, wherein, above be by the present invention LPF, average algorithm processing, Chebyshev LPF
Data waveform schematic diagram after processing；Following is by LPF of the invention, average algorithm processing, Chebyshev low pass
Data waveform schematic diagram after filtering, enhanced processing), as shown in Figure 7：, can be by clutter after enhanced processing by the present invention
Secondary value diminish, the ratio of the pulse consistent with effective impulse shape width is put into maximum, thus pulled open effective impulse and
The amplitude of the disturbing pulse of other forms, is conducive to detection to decode, and improves the accuracy rate of decoding.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of detection method of mud pressure pulse signal, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, receives the signal containing mud-pressure pulses coding information transmitted from mud medium；Wherein, it is fixed using time slot
Position coding method is by underground survey data code modulation into the signal containing mud-pressure pulses coding information；
S2, LPF is carried out to the signal received；
S3, average algorithm processing is carried out to the signal after LPF；
S4, Chebyshev LPF is carried out to the signal after average algorithm processing；
S5, processing is amplified using amplifier to the signal after Chebyshev LPF；Specifically include：Design and effective mud
Starch the close waveform template of pressure pulse shape；Signal after Chebyshev LPF and waveform template are subjected to dot product, made
The enlargement range for obtaining the pressure pulse similar to waveform template is maximum；Simultaneously by adjusting the parameter of amplifier, including width and
Shape so that described width is consistent with pulse width, shape is determined according to the shape of original pulse, is divided into high cap and three
Angle；
Data after enhanced processing are carried out subtracting base value processing by S6 using three rank Runge-Kutta algorithms；
S7, underground survey data are demodulated according to coding protocol from the signal received；Wherein, by each two groove width to phase
The data that pass amplification subtracts after base value processing are integrated computing, namely the value of all data points of each two groove is added, as a result
The maximum as effective impulse of value.
2. the detection method of mud pressure pulse signal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that using time slot positioning
During coding, synchronous head is to add conditional code to determine decoding sequence below after 4 equally spaced pulses, synchronous head.
3. the detection method of mud pressure pulse signal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step S2, docking
The signal received carries out quadravalence hardware low pass ripple.
4. the detection method of mud pressure pulse signal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step S3
Average algorithm processing is carried out to the signal after LPF to be included：32 signals of continuous acquisition, remove after maximum and minimum value
Make average treatment.
5. according to the detection method of any described mud pressure pulse signal of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that step S4
Described in carry out Chebyshev LPF include：From ChebyshevII mode filters, eight kinds of different cut-off frequencies are designed
Wave filter be filtered, will be above set cut-off frequency noise filter；Described eight kinds different cut-off frequencies are respectively
0.5、1、1.5、2、2.5、3、3.5、4Hz。
6. the detection method of mud pressure pulse signal according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in step S4, is carried out
During Chebyshev LPF, passband side frequency is 2Hz, and passband maximum attenuation is less than 0.1dB, and stopband side frequency is 3Hz, and stopband is minimum
Decay is more than 60dB.
7. realize the detecting system of the mud pressure pulse signal of any methods described of claim 1~6, it is characterised in that bag
Include：Standpipe pressure sensor (1), data collection processor (2) and computer (3), data collection processor (2) respectively with standpipe
Pressure sensor (1) and computer (3) connection；Described standpipe pressure sensor (1), for measuring the mud pressure at standpipe
Power, is converted to electric signal, and adjust underground survey data encoding using time slot location coding method by the change of standpipe pressure
The signal containing mud-pressure pulses coding information is made；Data collection processor (2), for receiving from standpipe pressure sensing
The signal of device (1), and LPF and signal averaging algorithm process are carried out to the signal；Computer (3), is adopted for receiving data
The data that set processor (2) is sent, and Chebyshev low-pass filtering treatment is carried out successively to the data, put using amplifier
It is big to handle and carry out subtracting base value processing using three rank Runge-Kutta algorithms；Further according to the coding of time slot location coding method
Agreement demodulates underground survey data to come；Wherein, when being amplified processing, specifically include：Design and effective mud pressure arteries and veins
Rush the close waveform template of shape；Signal after Chebyshev LPF and waveform template are subjected to dot product so that with waveform
The enlargement range of the similar pressure pulse of template is maximum；Simultaneously by adjusting the parameter of amplifier, including width and shape so that
Described width is consistent with pulse width, and shape is determined according to the shape of original pulse, is divided into high cap and triangle；It is demodulated
During processing, computing is integrated to the data that related amplification subtracts after base value processing by each two groove width, namely each two groove
The values of all data points be added, end value it is maximum be effective impulse.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105041303B (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2018-10-02 | 电子科技大学 | The pump impulse interfering signal removing method of drilling fluid following drill data transmission system |
| CN106437689B (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2019-04-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of processing method with sludge slurry positive pulse signal |
| CN106321080B (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2019-04-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of processing method with brill mud continuous-wave pulse signal |
| CN108343429A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-07-31 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of mud signal recognition methods based on Analysis on confidence |
| CN110469326B (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2023-05-12 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Self-adaptive correlation filtering method |
| CN110792435B (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2023-03-21 | 北京六合伟业科技股份有限公司 | Rapid coding method of slurry pulse |
| CN114183127B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2024-01-26 | 上海神开石油测控技术有限公司 | Method for reducing interference of mud pulse signals on drilling tool movement |
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| US3488629A (en) * | 1968-12-12 | 1970-01-06 | Schlumberger Technology Corp | Pressure wave noise filter with reflection suppression |
| US4878206A (en) * | 1988-12-27 | 1989-10-31 | Teleco Oilfield Services Inc. | Method and apparatus for filtering noise from data signals |
| WO1999039080A1 (en) * | 1998-01-30 | 1999-08-05 | Alexandr Jurievich Ropyanoi | Device for transmitting information from the bottom of a bore-hole |
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