CN104337521A - Totalizing flowmeter and operating method - Google Patents

Totalizing flowmeter and operating method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104337521A
CN104337521A CN201410427729.7A CN201410427729A CN104337521A CN 104337521 A CN104337521 A CN 104337521A CN 201410427729 A CN201410427729 A CN 201410427729A CN 104337521 A CN104337521 A CN 104337521A
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bead
piston
gas
cylindrical container
air inlet
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CN104337521B (en
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胡卓焕
茅今哲
黄天科
王露露
王慧
杨茉
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/087—Measuring breath flow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
    • A61B5/091—Measuring volume of inspired or expired gases, e.g. to determine lung capacity

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a totalizing flowmeter and an operating method. The flowmeter comprises two cylindrical containers which are vertically communicated with each other; an upward air outlet is formed in one end of the horizontal cylindrical container for displaying instantaneous airflow rate, and a downward air inlet is formed in the other end thereof; a piston with a spring is formed inside the horizontal cylindrical container; three small through holes are formed in the piston, which are distributed in a central symmetry way; an air outlet is formed in the top of the vertical cylindrical container for displaying cumulative gas flow measured at the current time; an opening in the lower part of the vertical cylindrical container is communicated with the cavity of the horizontal cylindrical container; a light small ball is formed in the vertical cylindrical container. The method comprises steps of establishing a relation between pressure difference at two ends of the piston and gas instantaneous flow rate, displaying the instantaneous flow rate through spring deformation quantity produced by the pressure difference, meanwhile, pushing the small ball to rise at uniform speed through the cavity communicated with a proportion of gas by the gas, and obtaining the accumulated flow of gas entering the flowmeter through a scale corresponding to the rising displacement. The design ensures that the flowmeter is simplified, and improves the flexibility and the reliability of the flowmeter.

Description

A kind of accumulative formula flow takes into account method of work
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of accumulative formula effusion meter.
Background technology
Pulmonary function test is the important scope of examination of breast, lung disease and physiology of respiration clinically, is widely used in Respiratory Medicine, department of pediatrics, surgery, epidemiology and navigation aviation medicine etc.Traditional pulmonary function test (pft) instrument adopts differential pressure flowmeter mostly, the operation principle of differential pressure flowmeter is according to being installed on the differential pressure that in pipeline, flow detection part and fluid interaction produce, the physical dimension of known fluid condition and detection piece and pipeline carrys out calculated flow rate, and differential pressure flowmeter is made up of primary device (detection piece) and secondary device (differential pressure transmitter and flow displaying instrument).But conventional apparatus is the instantaneous value can only measuring respiratory flow, the aggregate-value (i.e. lung volume paparmeter) of flow can not be measured.In actual application, often not only to measure the instantaneous value of respiratory flow, also will measure patient and once exhale or the air capacity of air-breathing, as the important parameter checking lung capacity and lung compliance function.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be directed to existing pneumotachograph complex structure, and can only instantaneous delivery be measured, and the problem of accumulative gas flow can not be measured, propose a kind of accumulative formula flow and take into account method of work, can instantaneous delivery be measured, the integrated flow of gas can be obtained again, and simplify the structure of device.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of accumulative formula effusion meter, be made up of two hydrostatic columns vertically communicated, the horizontal cylindrical one end of display transient flow flow has the gas outlet of upward opening, the air inlet of the oriented under shed of the other end, horizontal cylindrical internal tank has one section of spring, culminating point in the pipe that spring one end is fixed on this end of gas outlet, the other end is fixed on disc piston centre, piston diameter mates with horizontal cylindrical inside diameter of vessel, piston has three small through hole, symmetrical centered by it, scale is had above horizontal cylindrical container, in display measurement, current time adds up the vertical cylindrical vessel top of gas flow is gas outlet, vertical cylindrical vessel lower openings communicates with horizontal cylindrical container intracavity, a lightweight bead is had in vertical cylindrical vessel, its diameter is less than the interior diameter of vertical cylindrical vessel, vertical cylindrical vessel lower openings is less than lightweight bead, has scale above vertical cylindrical vessel.
The method of work of described accumulative formula effusion meter, specifically comprises the steps:
1), before blowing and starting, put effusion meter on level table, due to the effect of gravity and spring, bead stops at vertical cylindrical vessel bottom, and piston is positioned at horizontal cylindrical container initial position, and namely spring is by the position of original length during external force;
2) start to blow, along with air inlet gas flow increase by zero, piston pressurized is moved to the left gradually, and bead is suffered to buoyancy be not enough to overcome bead gravity, bead is transfixion still;
3) when air velocity is increased to certain value gradually, buoyancy suffered by bead slightly larger than himself gravity, bead starts suddenly to move upward with certain acceleration, simultaneously thrust suffered by piston instantaneously slightly reduce, after spring resilience to the right one section of micro-displacement, its position remains unchanged, when piston holding position is constant, now by piston from original position to the size of left dislocation, can draw the instantaneous value of air inlet stream, piston to the pass between left dislocation size and instantaneous delivery is:
\* MERGEFORMAT
In formula: for entering the instantaneous delivery m of gas from air inlet 3/ s; * MERGEFORMAT be the coefficient of elasticity of spring, m/N; * MERGEFORMAT is that piston is from original position to the size m of left dislocation; * MERGEFORMAT be the density kg/m that air inlet enters gas 3; R 1for the internal face radius of horizontal cylindrical container 2, R 2for circular aperture radius above piston, R 3for the radius of vertical hydrostatic column, R 4for the radius of ball; for correction coefficient;
4) now air inlet gas flow is kept constant, namely with constant speed air inlet, bead maintenance at the uniform velocity rises, till when bead rises to its highest point, revised by the maximum displacement of rising to bead, its scale can with entrance integrated flow one_to_one corresponding, according to the scale of vertical cylindrical vessel, the gas integrated flow from entrance access to plant can be drawn , the pass between bead rising displacement and the integrated flow of gas is:
\* MERGEFORMAT
\* MERGEFORMAT
\* MERGEFORMAT
In formula: * MERGEFORMAT be bead rising displacement m; for entering the integrated flow m of gas from air inlet 3, for being calculated the instantaneous delivery m entering gas from air inlet of gained by amount of piston displacement 3/ s; M is the quality of bead; Intermediate variable t is time s; The proportionality coefficient of its resistance and speed when k is bead low-speed motion;
5) if air-blowing quantity is excessive, bead can not continue rising and reach gas outlet, and show that user is exhaled and reach the requirement of test design standard, the scale maximum scale of vertical cylindrical vessel is design standard flow;
6) last, blow and terminate, bead and piston get back to initial position.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention adds up formula flow and takes into account method of work, the relation between build-up pressure difference and gas flow, and the size of the spring deformation amount produced by adopting pressure differential shows the size of its flow.At the uniform velocity risen by a certain proportion of gas push bead simultaneously, by the scale that rising displacement is corresponding, draw the flow entering gas.Not only make device be simplified, and improve the motility of system, reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention adds up formula effusion meter cross section structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention adds up piston sectional view in formula effusion meter;
When Fig. 3 is air flow inlet 200mL/s of the present invention, calculate the speed cloud atlas of gained;
Fig. 4 is test speed of the present invention and time history.
Detailed description of the invention
Accumulative formula effusion meter cross section structure schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1, described effusion meter is sectioned schematic diagram by its axis, effusion meter is made up of two hydrostatic columns vertically communicated, there is the gas outlet 1 of upward opening horizontal cylindrical container 2 one end, the air inlet 5 of the oriented under shed of the other end, there is one section of spring 3 horizontal cylindrical container 2 inside, culminating point in the pipe that spring one end is fixed on this end of gas outlet 1, the other end is fixed on disc piston 4 center, piston 4 diameter mates with horizontal cylindrical container 2 internal diameter, as the profile that Fig. 2 is piston 4, piston 4 has three small through hole, symmetrical centered by it, horizontal cylindrical container 2 has corresponding scale above, in order to show transient flow flow, vertical cylindrical vessel 7 top is gas outlet 6, lower openings communicates with horizontal cylindrical container 2 inner chamber, a lightweight bead 8 is had in vertical cylindrical vessel 7, its diameter is slightly less than the interior diameter of vertical cylindrical vessel 7, a small gap is had between the inwall of bead and vertical cylindrical vessel 7, spacing is 0.2mm, small part of gas can be had to be overflowed by the space between bead 8 and vertical cylindrical vessel 7 wall, enter there being gas, when bead is blown afloat by air-flow, directly do not contact between bead 8 with vertical cylindrical vessel 7 wall, vertical cylindrical vessel 7 has corresponding scale above, gas flow is added up in order to current time in display measurement.
Operation principle:
1, this accumulative formula effusion meter is according to bernoulli equation and fluid continuity principle differential pressure method measuring flow and instantaneous velocity.Suppose from air inlet 5 entrance enter air for can not press, Steady Flow, piston 4 left and right sides pressure reduction can draw according to bernoulli equation:
In formula: for the volume flow that gas is flowed out by piston 4, m -3/ s; for under duty, piston 4 aperture area, , m 2, R 2for circular aperture radius above piston; for piston both sides average differential pressure, Pa; for entering the density of gas, kg/m 3; for correction coefficient.
In like manner can obtain bead upper and lower both sides pressure reduction can draw according to classical bernoulli equation:
；
The total flow of gas is entered from air inlet 5 entrance:
；
2, pressure left suffered by piston:
In formula: F 1pressure left suffered by piston, N; for piston pressure at both sides is poor, Pa; R 1for container 7 internal diameter radius, m; R 2for circular aperture radius above piston, m.
Bead is suffered to buoyancy:
In formula: F 2buoyancy upwards suffered by bead, N; for the upper and lower pressure at both sides of bead is poor, Pa; R 3for container 2 internal diameter radius, m.
3, above-mentioned each size is as shown in table 1 respectively: R 1for the internal face radius of horizontal cylindrical container 2, R 2for circular aperture radius above piston, R 3for the radius of vertical hydrostatic column, R 4for the radius 6.8 of ball, bead is in vertical hydrostatic column.
Table 1
4, Calculation and Analysis of Force
Can be calculated inlet flow rate when being respectively 100mL/s, 200mL/s, 300mL/s, corresponding F 1, F 2enter respectively shown in following table 2.When Fig. 3 is air flow inlet 200mL/s, by the speed cloud atlas of numerical computations gained.
Table 2
Concrete use step is as follows:
The first step: blow before starting, put effusion meter on level table, due to the effect of gravity and spring, bead stops at vertical cylindrical vessel 7 shown in Fig. 1 bottom, piston is positioned at horizontal cylindrical container 2 initial position, and namely spring is not by the position of original length during external force.
Second step: along with air inlet 5 gas flow increase by zero, piston 4 pressurized is moved to the left gradually, but the inlet flow rate communicated with hydrostatic column 2 inner chamber due to vertical cylindrical vessel 7 bottom is less, to buoyancy suffered by bead be not enough to overcome bead gravity, air-flow is by bead edge flow negligible, bead is transfixion still.
3rd step: when air velocity is increased to certain value gradually, buoyancy suffered by bead slightly larger than himself gravity, bead starts suddenly to move upward with certain acceleration.Thrust suffered by piston 4 simultaneously instantaneously slightly reduce, after spring resilience to the right one section of micro-displacement, its position remains unchanged.When piston holding position is constant, now by piston from original position to the size of left dislocation, according to the relation of piston displacement and instantaneous delivery, be converted into scale value, draw the instantaneous value of air inlet stream by scale.
Piston to the pass between left dislocation size and instantaneous delivery is:
\* MERGEFORMAT
In formula: for entering the instantaneous delivery m of gas from air inlet 3/ s; * MERGEFORMAT be the coefficient of elasticity of spring, m/N; * MERGEFORMAT is that piston is from original position to the size m of left dislocation; * MERGEFORMAT be the density kg/m that air inlet enters gas 3; R 1for the internal face radius of horizontal cylindrical container 2, R 2for circular aperture radius above piston, R 3for the radius of vertical hydrostatic column, R 4for the radius of ball; for correction coefficient.
Suppose from being less than bead gravity, when increasing to suddenly 1.01 times of gravity, bead starts acceleration and moves upward, its acceleration:
（1）
After bead setting in motion, its acceleration is:
（2）
The quality m wherein getting bead is 2 grams, s be bead to top offset, f is that bead moves upward and is subject to air drag, and because its speed is less, f size is directly proportional to speed, and its proportionality coefficient gets k=0.0018.
（3）
Can after proper bead rising displacement be approximately 8mm to above equation solution, start to be about 10mm/s with speed and at the uniform velocity move upward, its speed and time relationship are as shown in Figure 4.
4th step: now keep air inlet gas flow constant, namely with constant speed air inlet, bead maintenance at the uniform velocity rises.Till when bead rises to its highest point.Revised by the maximum displacement of rising to bead, can be obtained and entrance integrated flow scale one to one, according to the scale of vertical cylindrical vessel 7, the gas integrated flow from entrance access to plant can be drawn .From total flow of the gas that air inlet 5 enters, because the position of piston can show that air inlet 5 enters the instantaneous delivery of gas, the displacement that bead at the uniform velocity rises can reflect the time of air blowing, and namely both products are survey the integrated flow of once blowing when breathing after revising.By the displacement size of piston, the instantaneous delivery by piston can be obtained , by fixed in operation principle with between relation, the instantaneous value of now inlet flow rate can be obtained.
Pass between bead rising displacement and the integrated flow of gas is:
\* MERGEFORMAT
\* MERGEFORMAT
\* MERGEFORMAT
In formula: * MERGEFORMAT be bead rising displacement m; for entering the integrated flow m of gas from air inlet 3, for being calculated the instantaneous delivery m entering gas from air inlet of gained by amount of piston displacement 3/ s; M is the quality of bead; Intermediate variable t is time s; The proportionality coefficient of its resistance and speed when k is bead low-speed motion.
If air-blowing quantity is excessive, because gas outlet 6 circle hole radius is less than the little radius of a ball, it can not continue to rise, and show that user is exhaled and reach the requirement of relevant criterion.
Finally, blow and terminate, bead and piston get back to initial position.
The normal condition of ordinary people once exhale (vital capacity) be approximately about 2000mL, namely qualified.As the standard-required reached of exhaling as user, patient's possibility body constitution is more weak, or age-sex is different, and its requirement may be 1200, also may be 1500.When bead rises to highest point, can by making now corresponding integrated flow be 2000mL to the design of size, namely all effective to different standard-requireds.

Claims (2)

1. an accumulative formula effusion meter, it is characterized in that, be made up of two hydrostatic columns vertically communicated, there is the gas outlet (1) of upward opening horizontal cylindrical container (2) one end of display transient flow flow, the air inlet (5) of the oriented under shed of the other end, there is one section of spring (3) horizontal cylindrical container (2) inside, culminating point in the pipe that spring one end is fixed on gas outlet (1) this end, the other end is fixed on disc piston (4) center, piston (4) diameter mates with horizontal cylindrical container (2) internal diameter, piston (4) has three small through hole, symmetrical centered by it, horizontal cylindrical container (2) has scale above, in display measurement, current time adds up vertical cylindrical vessel (7) top of gas flow is gas outlet (6), vertical cylindrical vessel (7) lower openings communicates with horizontal cylindrical container (2) inner chamber, a lightweight bead (8) is had in vertical cylindrical vessel (7), its diameter is less than the interior diameter of vertical cylindrical vessel (7), vertical cylindrical vessel (7) lower openings is less than lightweight bead (8), and vertical cylindrical vessel (7) has scale above.
2. the method for work of effusion meter described in claim 1, is characterized in that, specifically comprises the steps:
1) before air blowing starts, put effusion meter on level table, due to the effect of gravity and spring, bead stops at vertical cylindrical vessel (7) bottom, piston is positioned at horizontal cylindrical container (2) initial position, and namely spring is not by the position of original length during external force;
2) start to blow, along with air inlet (5) gas flow increase by zero, piston (4) pressurized is moved to the left gradually, and bead is suffered to buoyancy be not enough to overcome bead gravity, bead is transfixion still;
3) when air velocity is increased to certain value gradually, buoyancy suffered by bead slightly larger than himself gravity, bead starts suddenly to move upward with certain acceleration, simultaneously the suffered thrust of piston (4) instantaneously slightly reduce, after spring resilience to the right one section of micro-displacement, its position remains unchanged, when piston holding position is constant, now by piston from original position to the size of left dislocation, can draw the instantaneous value of air inlet stream, piston to the pass between left dislocation size and instantaneous delivery is:
In formula: for entering the instantaneous delivery of gas from air inlet (5), m 3/ s; for the coefficient of elasticity of spring (3), m/N; for piston (4) is from original position to the size m of left dislocation; for air inlet (5) enters the density kg/m of gas 3; R 1for the internal face radius of horizontal cylindrical container 2, R 2for circular aperture radius above piston, R 3for the radius of vertical hydrostatic column, R 4for the radius of ball; For correction coefficient;
Now keep air inlet gas flow constant, namely with constant speed air inlet, bead maintenance at the uniform velocity rises, till when bead rises to its highest point, revised by the maximum displacement of rising to bead, its scale can with entrance integrated flow one_to_one corresponding, according to the scale of vertical cylindrical vessel (7), the gas integrated flow from entrance access to plant can be drawn , the pass between bead rising displacement and the integrated flow of gas is:
\* MERGEFORMAT
\* MERGEFORMAT
\* MERGEFORMAT
In formula: * MERGEFORMAT be bead rising displacement m; for entering the integrated flow m of gas from air inlet (5) 3, for being calculated the instantaneous delivery m entering gas from air inlet (5) of gained by amount of piston displacement 3/ s; M is the quality of bead; Intermediate variable t is time s; The proportionality coefficient of its resistance and speed when k is bead low-speed motion;
5) if air-blowing quantity is excessive, bead can not continue rising and reach gas outlet (6), and show that user is exhaled and reach the requirement of test design standard, the scale maximum scale of vertical cylindrical vessel (7) is design standard flow;
6) last, blow and terminate, bead and piston get back to initial position.
CN201410427729.7A 2014-08-27 2014-08-27 A kind of accumulative formula flow takes into account method of work Expired - Fee Related CN104337521B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105890677A (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-08-24 山东省计量科学研究院 Small and micro-gas flow generator
CN106768092A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-05-31 大连大开污水处理有限公司 A kind of portable spring flowmeter
CN110897641A (en) * 2019-12-17 2020-03-24 万佳睿 Vital capacity tester

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0653187A1 (en) * 1993-11-17 1995-05-17 Trudell Medical Limited Peak flow meter
US20020049388A1 (en) * 2000-10-19 2002-04-25 Clement Clarke International Limited Ventilatory capacity meters
CN2717459Y (en) * 2004-07-16 2005-08-17 叶华飞 Accumulatively timing oxygen inhaling device
CN102322899A (en) * 2011-09-07 2012-01-18 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○四研究所 Photoelectric type gas microflow bubble flowmeter
CN103968899A (en) * 2014-05-09 2014-08-06 金湖县仪器仪表总厂 Rolling positioning type high-accuracy metal tube floater flow meter

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0653187A1 (en) * 1993-11-17 1995-05-17 Trudell Medical Limited Peak flow meter
US20020049388A1 (en) * 2000-10-19 2002-04-25 Clement Clarke International Limited Ventilatory capacity meters
CN2717459Y (en) * 2004-07-16 2005-08-17 叶华飞 Accumulatively timing oxygen inhaling device
CN102322899A (en) * 2011-09-07 2012-01-18 中国船舶重工集团公司第七○四研究所 Photoelectric type gas microflow bubble flowmeter
CN103968899A (en) * 2014-05-09 2014-08-06 金湖县仪器仪表总厂 Rolling positioning type high-accuracy metal tube floater flow meter

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105890677A (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-08-24 山东省计量科学研究院 Small and micro-gas flow generator
CN105890677B (en) * 2016-04-28 2021-11-02 山东省计量科学研究院 Small micro gas flow generator
CN106768092A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-05-31 大连大开污水处理有限公司 A kind of portable spring flowmeter
CN110897641A (en) * 2019-12-17 2020-03-24 万佳睿 Vital capacity tester

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