CN104334340A - Improved process for diffusing a substrate into a base material - Google Patents
Improved process for diffusing a substrate into a base material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104334340A CN104334340A CN201380022853.9A CN201380022853A CN104334340A CN 104334340 A CN104334340 A CN 104334340A CN 201380022853 A CN201380022853 A CN 201380022853A CN 104334340 A CN104334340 A CN 104334340A
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- base material
- titanium
- diffused
- stainless steel
- salt bath
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/18—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
- C23C10/20—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being diffused
- C23C10/24—Salt bath containing the element to be diffused
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C12/00—Solid state diffusion of at least one non-metal element other than silicon and at least one metal element or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C12/02—Diffusion in one step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
- C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
- C23C8/48—Nitriding
- C23C8/50—Nitriding of ferrous surfaces
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
An improved process for diffusing a substrate into a base material is described. Generally, a process is provided for introducing a base material into a salt bath having a substrate with a catalyst. A select amount of catalyst and desired salt bath temperature are provided sufficient to lower the activation energy of the base material such that the substrate is able to easily diffuse into the surface of the base material. Nevertheless, certain substances within the base material may inhibit the diffusion of the substrate into the surface of the base material. Accordingly, a select amount of catalyst and desired salt bath temperature are further provided sufficient to promote leaching of such select substances that inhibit the diffusion of such substrate into such base material. The leached substances are substantially replaced by the diffused substrate.
Description
Technical field
This application claims the U.S. Provisional Patent Application series number 61/642,759 submitted on May 4th, 2012, name is called " IMPROVED PROCESS FOR DIFFUSING A SUBSTRATE INTO A BASE MATERIAL "; The U.S. Provisional Patent Application series number 61/642,768 that on May 4th, 2012 submits to, name is called " IMPROVED PROCESS FOR DIFFUSING TITANIUM INTO A STAINLESS STEEL BASE MATERIAL "; And the U.S. Provisional Patent Application series number 61/642,781 that on May 4th, 2012 submits to, the rights and interests that name is called " PROCESS FOR POLISHING A STAINLESS STEEL PRODUCT HAVING TITANIUM DIFFUSED THEREIN "; Philos Jongho Ko and Bongsub Samuel Ko is inventor, and their whole disclosures are incorporated herein herein as a reference.
Background technology
The application is usually directed to substrate to be diffused into the method for method in base material and polishing products therefrom.In one example in which, method base material introducing with the salt bath (salt bath) of substrate and catalyst is provided.A selected amount of catalyst and required salt temperature are provided, are enough to the activation energy reducing described base material, thus described substrate is diffused in the surface of described base material.A selected amount of catalyst and required salt temperature are also provided, are enough to promote that leaching (leach) from described base material can suppress described substrate to be diffused into selected material this base material.
U.S. Patent number 6,645,566 describe method titanium and nitride are diffused in the multiple base material comprising steel and steel alloy, Al and Alalloy, titanium or titanium alloy.U.S. Patent number 6,645,566 describe the multiple embodiment being improved the validity of the method wherein described by method of operating itself, instead of by the amount that changes catalyst with improve treatment temperature and reach special time and be enough to reduce the activation energy of described base material and promote to leach selected material from described base material.Therefore, the present invention's object is enough to reduce when processing the activation energy of base material by changing treatment step and promotes that leaching selected material from base material improves U.S. Patent number 6,645, the validity of the method described in 566.
Such as, as U.S. Patent Application No. 11/869 simultaneously co-pending, described in 399, the composition of described steel or steel alloy substrate can be changed, to improve as U.S. Patent number 6,645, the validity of the method described in 566.Such as, vanadium and cobalt can be added to steel or steel alloy substrate, to strengthen titanium and nitride diffusion wherein, but also can add chromium and be diffused in described base material to suppress titanium and nitride.Therefore, the present invention's object is to provide the method be diffused into by substrate (as titanium) in base material, and leaching acceleration suppresses this substrate (as titanium) to be diffused into selected material (as chromium) in this base material.
But known chromium can provide as U.S. Patent number 7,896, the corrosion resistance of some base materials (as stainless steel) described in 981.But titanium also provides corrosion resistance and other character improved relative to chromium.Therefore, the present invention's object is to provide by promoting that leaching desired substance (as chromium) from base material makes this material be substituted the method be diffused into by the substrate (as titanium) that corrosion resistance strengthens base material by the substrate (as titanium) that the corrosion resistance that spreads from salt bath strengthens.
These and other the ideal effect of the preferred embodiment of the present invention (comprising the combination of its feature) will be obviously known according to hereafter describing.But, answer understanding method or configuration can with claimed invention fit, but all these ideal effects can not being realized, comprising from hereafter describing those of collection.By appended claim, instead of these ideal effects, limit present subject matter.Arbitrary and all effects are all derived from multinomial embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention need not generally have.
Summary of the invention
The application is usually directed to the method be diffused into by substrate in base material.In one embodiment, method base material introducing with the salt bath of substrate and catalyst is provided.A selected amount of catalyst and required salt temperature are provided, are enough to the activation energy reducing described base material, thus described substrate is easily diffused in the surface of described base material.But the Cucumber in described base material may suppress described substrate to be diffused in the surface of described base material.Therefore, also provide a selected amount of catalyst and required salt temperature, be enough to leaching acceleration and this substrate can be suppressed to be diffused into this selected material in this base material.The material leached is substituted by the substrate being spread substantially.
Should understand and the present invention includes multiple different aspect or feature, they can be applied separately and/or apply with other side or Feature Combination.Therefore, content of the present invention does not very at large introduce these now or may aspect in the following claims or feature one by one, but reviews some aspect of the present invention typically, assist the introduction that understanding is hereinafter more detailed.Scope of the present invention is not limited to hereinafter described detailed description of the invention, but is limited in the claim now or subsequently submitted to.
Detailed description of the invention
Although the present invention is easy to produce the much multi-form and embodiment of multiple combination, but several embodiment of the present invention as herein described will be absorbed in, should be appreciated that these embodiments are considered as the citing of the principle of the invention, and be not intended to limit extensive aspect of the present invention.
The present invention relates generally to the method be diffused into by substrate in base material.In one embodiment, method base material introducing with the salt bath of substrate and catalyst is provided.A selected amount of catalyst and required salt temperature are provided, are enough to the activation energy reducing described base material, thus described substrate is easily diffused in the surface of described base material.But the Cucumber in described base material may suppress described substrate to be diffused in the surface of described base material.Therefore, also provide a selected amount of catalyst and required salt temperature, be enough to these materials of leaching acceleration.The material leached is substituted by the substrate being spread substantially.
Particularly, the salt bath of heating is used.Sodium carbonate and the salt being selected from the group be made up of Zassol and potassium cyanate, with the amount of about 80 to about 85w/w%, with the NaCO of about 15 to about 20w/w% in described salt bath
2, NaCO
3or sodium chloride coexists.What add to this bath is substrate through catalysis.Although can use other catalyst, described catalyst can be the form in the substrate of electrolysis.The amount of catalyst is for being enough to the activation energy reducing pending base material.Further, this selected amount of catalyst promotes to leach selected material from described base material.Particularly, described catalyst leaching acceleration can suppress described substrate to be diffused into selected material in described base material.
Being immersed in by described base material has in the salt bath of the substrate of catalysis.The temperature of described salt bath is located at the activation energy reducing described base material and promotes that described substrate is diffused into the value in described base material.Higher temperature can promote that the activation energy reducing described base material also promotes the diffusion through the substrate of catalysis usually.In addition, described salt temperature is selected further this substrate can be suppressed to be diffused into this selected material in this base material with leaching acceleration.For avoiding any distortion of described base material or bending (warping), described base material is immersed in the time quite short in salt bath.Activation energy due to described base material reduces and due to described catalyst, the described substrate in salt bath and nitride are also easily diffused in the surface of described base material fast.Select the concentration of substrate described in salt bath, thus described substrate substitutes the material leached from described base material fully between soak period.
embodiment 1
In an object lesson, 300 series stainless steel base materials can be processed.300 series stainless steels are commonly referred to the ultra-low-carbon steel with austenite (austensitic) character.Usually, chromium is that stainless steel provides its intrinsic corrosion resistance characteristic.But, preferably substitute some chromium in the surface of described base material with titanium, this is because titanium be usually provided as have very high tensile strength (or toughness) and excellent corrosion resistance, usual for inertia, the improvement characteristic of the material of light weight.Meanwhile, chromium suppresses titanium to be diffused in described base material usually.Therefore, preferably use the method promoting to leach from the surface of described base material chromium to be diffused into described stainless steel substrate by titanium, thus the titanium that chromium can be diffused substantially substitute.
In one example in which, surface treatment can be carried out to the 300 series stainless steel casings for consumption electronic product, to improve its hardness, tensile strength and corrosion resistance.The salt bath of heating is provided.Sodium carbonate and the salt being selected from the group be made up of Zassol and potassium cyanate, with the amount of about 80 to about 85w/w%, with the NaCO of about 15 to about 20w/w% in described salt bath
2, NaCO
3or sodium chloride coexists.
What add to this bath is electrolytic titanium.In order to reduce the activation energy of described 300 series stainless steel base materials best, promote leach chromium from described stainless steel substrate and promote that titanium is diffused into the surface of described stainless steel substrate, preferably add the electrolytic titanium of about 40 micrograms to about 60 micrograms to this bath, thus make the electrolytic titanium concentration in described salt bath reach about 0.005% to about 0.010%.This amount of electrolytic titanium is preferred for substituting the chromium that leaches from described stainless steel substrate and the corrosion resistance of 300 series stainless steel base materials handled by strengthening.By the heating temperatures of salt bath to more than 590 DEG C, preferably about 600 DEG C to about 620 DEG C.Described electrolytic titanium and higher temperature promote that described titanium and nitride are diffused into described base material from described salt bath.
Described 300 series stainless steel base materials are immersed in the time quite short in described salt bath, about 10 minutes to about 90 minutes.For avoiding any distortion of described base material or bending, preferably described stainless steel substrate is immersed in salt bath, about 600 DEG C to about 620 DEG C heating only about 10 to about 20 minutes.Activation energy along with described stainless steel substrate reduces and leaches chromium from it, and the titanium in salt bath is also easily diffused in the surface of described base material fast.Described titanium substitutes the described chromium leached from described base material substantially.Use this to improve one's methods, demonstrate at least 20 microns, the surface that titanium is diffused into described 300 series stainless steel base materials.
As mentioned above, titanium has the character of improvement relative to chromium.Therefore, the new surface of described stainless steel substrate obtains these characteristics due to the titanium newly spread.Particularly, the surface of described stainless steel substrate is harder, and does not damage the corrosion resistance before its surface treatment.Such as, case hardness is about 1300 to 1450HV
100g.By leach diffusion inhibiting substances (as chromium) from described surface and the substrate (as titanium) of basic improved properties alternative they, the method can be applicable to the material of broad range.In stainless concrete example, method of diffusion of the present invention can be used to carry out surface treatment to more rudimentary thus more cheap stainless steel (as 304 stainless steels), thus improve its hardness, tensile strength and corrosion-resistance properties.
In the titanium diffusion process of embodiment 1, oxide skin(coating) may be formed on the surface of described stainless steel substrate.Therefore, the surface of preferred polishing (or dabbing (buff)) gained stainless steel product, to obtain required brightness (shine), go back the brightness needed for preferably obtaining and can not wipe off or remove the titanium layer be diffused in stainless steel its surface.Usually, the stainless steel product of gained can dab or polishing with chromated oxide polishing compound.In order to the titanium layer making described surface-brightening can not wipe or remove diffusion off, described chromated oxide polishing compound has the granularity less than 2 microns, preferably has the granularity of about 0.5 to about 1 micron.Particularly, described polishing compound can with soft polishing wheel, as 100% cotton two-sided thick flannel type (cotton domet flannel type) polishing wheel or the polishing wheel of similar type being generally used for meticulous polishing, use together.Described polishing wheel Chang Yiyue 3000rpm to about 5000rpm, preferably the speed of about 3500rpm to about 4500rpm uses.Like this, due to described titanium diffusing method, the stainless steel product of described polishing has the glossy surface of hardness and corrosion resistance enhancing.
embodiment 2
In another specific embodiment, 400 series stainless steel base materials can be processed.Different from 300 series stainless steels, 400 series stainless steels have martensite (martensitic) character.Described 400 series stainless steels also between about 300 DEG C to 530 DEG C between selected temperature tempering (temper), to obtain selected core hardness (according to appointment 40 to 55HRc).Usually, chromium is that stainless steel provides its intrinsic corrosion resistance characteristic.But, preferably substitute some chromium in the surface of described base material with titanium, this is because titanium be usually provided as have very high tensile strength (or toughness) and excellent corrosion resistance, usual for inertia, the improvement characteristic of the material of light weight.Meanwhile, chromium suppresses titanium to be diffused in described base material usually.Therefore, preferably use the method promoting to leach from the surface of described base material chromium to be diffused into described stainless steel substrate by titanium, thus the titanium that chromium can be diffused substitute.
In one example in which, surface treatment can be carried out to the 400 series stainless steel casings for consumption electronic product, to improve its hardness, tensile strength and corrosion resistance.The salt bath of heating is provided.Sodium carbonate and the salt being selected from the group be made up of Zassol and potassium cyanate, with the amount of about 80 to about 85w/w%, with the NaCO of about 15 to about 20w/w% in described salt bath
2, NaCO
3or sodium chloride coexists.
What add to this bath is electrolytic titanium.In order to reduce the activation energy of described 400 series stainless steel base materials best, promote leach chromium from described stainless steel substrate and promote that titanium is diffused into the surface of described stainless steel substrate, preferably add the electrolytic titanium of about 40 micrograms to about 60 micrograms to this bath, thus make the electrolytic titanium concentration in described salt bath reach about 0.005% to about 0.010%.This amount of electrolytic titanium is preferred for the corrosion resistance substituting the chromium from described 400 series stainless steel base materials leachings and the base material handled by enhancing.By the heating temperatures of salt bath to more than 430 DEG C, preferably about 430 DEG C to about 530 DEG C.Select the temperature of described salt bath thus make it maintain the original tempered condition of described base material (as temperature or core hardness).Described electrolytic titanium promotes that described titanium and nitride are diffused into described base material from described salt bath, but its reaction rate is lower than the reaction rate in embodiment 1.Therefore, compared with 300 series stainless steels, 400 series stainless steels need to extend the processing time usually.
Described stainless steel substrate is immersed in the time quite short in described salt bath, about 10 minutes to about 90 minutes.For avoiding any distortion of described base material or bending, preferably described stainless steel substrate is immersed in salt bath, about 430 DEG C to about 500 DEG C heating only about 10 to about 30 minutes.Activation energy along with described stainless steel substrate reduces and from wherein leaching chromium, the titanium in salt bath is diffused in the surface of described base material.Described titanium substitutes the described chromium leached from described base material substantially.Use this to improve one's methods, demonstrate at least 15 microns, the surface that titanium is diffused into described 400 series stainless steel base materials.
As mentioned above, titanium has the character of improvement relative to chromium.Therefore, the new surface of described stainless steel substrate obtains these characteristics due to the titanium newly spread.Particularly, the surface of described stainless steel substrate is harder, and does not damage the corrosion resistance before its surface treatment.Such as, case hardness is about 900 to 1100HV
100g.By leach diffusion inhibiting substances (as chromium) from described surface and the substrate (as titanium) of basic improved properties alternative they, the method can be used for the material of broad range.
In the titanium diffusion process of embodiment 2, oxide skin(coating) may be formed on the surface of described stainless steel substrate.Therefore, the surface of preferred polishing (or dabbing) gained stainless steel product, to obtain required brightness.Brightness needed for also preferably obtaining and can not wipe off or remove the titanium layer be diffused in stainless steel its surface.Usually, the stainless steel product of gained can dab or polishing with chromated oxide polishing compound.In order to the titanium layer making described surface-brightening can not wipe or remove diffusion off, described chromated oxide polishing compound has the granularity less than 2 microns, and the granularity of 0.5 to about 1 micron of preferably having an appointment.Particularly, described polishing compound can with soft polishing wheel, as 100% cotton two-sided thick flannel type polishing wheel or the polishing wheel of similar type being generally used for meticulous polishing, use together.Described polishing wheel Chang Yiyue 3000rpm to about 5000rpm, preferably the speed of about 3500rpm to about 4500rpm uses.Like this, due to described titanium diffusing method, the stainless steel product of described polishing has the glossy surface of hardness and corrosion resistance enhancing.
embodiment 3
In another object lesson, alternatively can process 300 series stainless steel base materials.Usually, chromium is that stainless steel provides its intrinsic corrosion resistance characteristic.But, preferably substitute some chromium in the surface of described base material with titanium, this is because titanium be usually provided as have very high tensile strength (or toughness) and excellent corrosion resistance, usual for inertia, the improvement characteristic of the material of light weight.Meanwhile, chromium suppresses titanium to be diffused in described base material usually.Therefore, preferably use the method promoting to leach from the surface of described base material chromium to be diffused into described stainless steel substrate by titanium, thus the titanium that chromium can be diffused substitute.
In one example in which, surface treatment can be carried out to the 300 series stainless steel casings for consumption electronic product, to improve its hardness, tensile strength and corrosion resistance.The salt bath of heating is provided.Sodium carbonate and the salt being selected from the group be made up of Zassol and potassium cyanate, with the amount of about 80 to about 85w/w%, with the NaCO of about 15 to about 20w/w% in described salt bath
2, NaCO
3or sodium chloride coexists.
What add to this bath is electrolytic titanium.In order to reduce the activation energy of described stainless steel substrate best, promote leach chromium from described stainless steel substrate and promote that titanium is diffused into the surface of described stainless steel substrate, preferably add the electrolytic titanium of about 40 micrograms to about 60 micrograms to this bath, thus make the electrolytic titanium concentration in described salt bath reach about 0.005% to about 0.010%.This amount of electrolytic titanium is preferred for substituting the chromium that leaches from described stainless steel substrate and the corrosion resistance of base material handled by strengthening.By the heating temperatures of salt bath to more than 680 DEG C.Described in described electrolytic titanium catalysis, titanium and nitride are diffused into described base material from described salt bath.
Described stainless steel substrate is immersed in the time quite short in described salt bath, about 10 minutes to about 30 minutes.For avoiding any distortion of described base material or bending, preferably described stainless steel substrate is immersed in salt bath, about 680 DEG C to about 700 DEG C heating only about 10 to about 17 minutes.Along with the activation energy of described stainless steel substrate reduces, the titanium in salt bath is also easily diffused in the surface of described base material fast.Meanwhile, chromium leaches from described base material.Compared with other embodiments, salt temperature higher in the present embodiment 3 accelerates reaction speed, correspondingly accelerates described titanium and is diffused into speed in described base material.But at the salt temperature that this is higher, chromium leaches slower from described base material.So more chromium is retained in described base material, and spread more titanium, cause closeer than in other embodiments of the diffusion substrates of gained.Use this to improve one's methods, demonstrate titanium and be diffused into the surface at least 30 of described 300 series stainless steel base materials to 35 microns.
Therefore, the new surface of described stainless steel substrate obtains the characteristic of the new titanium spread and the chromium retained.Particularly, compared with other embodiments, the surface of described stainless steel substrate is harder, and does not damage the corrosion resistance before its surface treatment.Such as, case hardness is about 1400 to 1550HV
100g.
In the titanium diffusion process of embodiment 3, oxide skin(coating) may be formed on the surface of described stainless steel substrate.Therefore, the surface of preferred polishing (or dabbing) gained stainless steel product, to obtain required brightness.Brightness needed for also preferably obtaining and can not wipe off or remove the titanium layer be diffused in stainless steel its surface.Usually, the stainless steel product of gained can dab or polishing with chromated oxide polishing compound.In order to the diffusion layer making described surface-brightening can not wipe or remove titanium off, described chromated oxide polishing compound has the granularity less than 2 microns, and the granularity of 0.5 to about 1 micron of preferably having an appointment.Particularly, described polishing compound can with soft polishing wheel, as 100% cotton two-sided thick flannel type polishing wheel or the polishing wheel of similar type being generally used for meticulous polishing, use together.Described polishing wheel Chang Yiyue 3000rpm to about 5000rpm, preferably the speed of about 3500rpm to about 4500rpm uses.Therefore, due to described titanium diffusing method, the stainless steel product of described polishing has the glossy surface of hardness and corrosion resistance enhancing.
Although describe the present invention about specific illustrative aspects, should be appreciated that this description should not be interpreted as restrictive.On the contrary, when not departing from true spirit of the present invention, core feature and scope, various change and change can be carried out to described illustrative embodiments, being included in the combination of this feature open or claimed individually.In addition, should be appreciated that these change and change the equivalent of one or more key elements that will be considered as claims by those skilled in the art, and allowed by law most wide region should be covered by these claims.
Claims (17)
1. substrate and nitride are diffused into the method in base material, comprise:
There is provided base material, described base material has at least one and suppresses described substrate to be diffused into material in described base material,
The salt bath of the salt comprising sodium carbonate and be selected from the group be made up of Zassol and potassium cyanate is provided;
Be dispersed in described salt bath by a selected amount of substrate and a selected amount of catalyst, wherein said a selected amount of catalyst is enough to reduce the activation energy of described base material and leaching acceleration can suppress described substrate to be diffused into described material in described base material;
By described salt bath heating to the activation energy being enough to reduce described base material and leaching acceleration can suppress described substrate to be diffused into the temperature of the described material in described base material; And
Described base material is immersed in described salt bath a period of time, this time is enough to make described substrate be diffused in described base material, substitutes leached material with basic with described substrate, avoids described substrate deformation or bending simultaneously.
2. titanium and nitride are diffused into the method in base material, comprise:
There is provided base material, described base material has at least one and suppresses titanium to be diffused into material in described base material,
The salt bath of the salt comprising sodium carbonate and be selected from the group be made up of Zassol and potassium cyanate is provided;
Be dispersed in described salt bath by a selected amount of titanium formed by titanium compound electrolysis, wherein said a selected amount of electrolytic titanium is enough to reduce the activation energy of described base material and leaching acceleration can suppress described titanium to be diffused into described material in described base material;
By described salt bath heating to the activation energy being enough to reduce described base material and leaching acceleration can suppress described titanium to be diffused into the temperature of the described material in described base material; And
Described base material is immersed in described salt bath a period of time, this time is enough to make described titanium be diffused in described base material, substitutes leached material with basic with described titanium, avoids described substrate deformation or bending simultaneously.
3. titanium and nitride are diffused into the method in 300 series stainless steel base materials, comprise:
The 300 series stainless steel base materials having and suppress titanium to be diffused into the chromium component in described base material are provided,
The salt bath of the salt comprising sodium carbonate and be selected from the group be made up of Zassol and potassium cyanate is provided;
About 40 micrograms to the electrolytic titanium of about 60 micrograms is dispersed in described salt bath, thus making the electrolytic titanium concentration in described salt bath reach about 0.005% to about 0.010%, the amount of wherein said electrolytic titanium is enough to reduce the activation energy of described base material and leaching acceleration otherwise described titanium can be suppressed to be diffused into described chromium in described base material;
By temperature more than described salt bath heating to 590 DEG C, this temperature is enough to reduce the activation energy of described base material and chromium described in leaching acceleration; And
Described 300 series stainless steel base materials to be immersed in described salt bath about 10 to 90 minutes, be diffused in described 300 series stainless steel base materials to make described titanium, substitute leached chromium with basic with described titanium, avoid described 300 series stainless steel substrate deformation or bending simultaneously.
4. method according to claim 3, wherein said soaking temperature is about 600 DEG C to about 620 DEG C.
5. method according to claim 3, wherein said soak time is about 10 minutes to about 20 minutes.
6. titanium and nitride are diffused into the method in 400 series stainless steel base materials, it comprises:
There is provided the 400 series stainless steel base materials having and suppress titanium to be diffused into the chromium component in described base material, described 400 series stainless steel base materials also have selected core hardness;
The salt bath of the salt comprising sodium carbonate and be selected from the group be made up of Zassol and potassium cyanate is provided;
About 40 micrograms to the electrolytic titanium of about 60 micrograms is dispersed in described salt bath, thus making the electrolytic titanium concentration in described salt bath reach about 0.005% to about 0.010%, the amount of wherein said electrolytic titanium is enough to reduce the activation energy of described base material and leaching acceleration otherwise described titanium can be suppressed to be diffused into described chromium in described base material;
By temperature more than described salt bath heating to 430 DEG C, this temperature is enough to reduce the activation energy of described base material and chromium described in leaching acceleration, and the tempered condition keeping described 400 serial base materials original; And
Described 400 series stainless steel base materials to be immersed in described salt bath about 10 to 90 minutes, be diffused in described 400 series stainless steel base materials to make described titanium, substitute leached chromium with basic with described titanium, avoid described 400 series stainless steel substrate deformation or bending simultaneously.
7. method according to claim 6, wherein said soaking temperature is about 430 DEG C to about 500 DEG C.
8. method according to claim 6, wherein said soak time is about 10 minutes to about 30 minutes.
9. titanium and nitride are diffused into the method in 300 series stainless steel base materials, comprise:
There is provided the 300 series stainless steel base materials having and suppress titanium to be diffused into the chromium component in described base material, described 300 series stainless steel base materials also have selected core hardness;
The salt bath of the salt comprising sodium carbonate and be selected from the group be made up of Zassol and potassium cyanate is provided;
About 40 micrograms to the electrolytic titanium of about 60 micrograms is dispersed in described salt bath, thus making the electrolytic titanium concentration in described salt bath reach about 0.005% to about 0.010%, the amount of wherein said electrolytic titanium is enough to reduce the activation energy of described base material and leaching acceleration otherwise described titanium can be suppressed to be diffused into described chromium in described base material;
By temperature more than salt bath heating to 680 DEG C, this temperature is enough to reduce the activation energy of described base material and chromium described in leaching acceleration; And
Described 300 series stainless steel base materials to be immersed in described salt bath about 10 to 30 minutes, be diffused in described 300 series stainless steel base materials to make described titanium, substitute leached chromium with basic with described titanium, avoid described 300 series stainless steel substrate deformation or bending simultaneously.
10. method according to claim 9, wherein said soaking temperature is about 680 DEG C to about 700 DEG C.
11. methods according to claim 9, wherein said soak time is about 10 minutes to about 30 minutes.
Titanium and nitride to be diffused in series stainless steel base material and the method for the diffusion substrates of polishing gained, to comprise by 12. 1 kinds:
There is provided the stainless steel substrate having and suppress titanium to be diffused into the chromium component in described base material, described stainless steel substrate also has selected core hardness;
The salt bath of the salt comprising sodium carbonate and be selected from the group be made up of Zassol and potassium cyanate is provided;
Electrolytic titanium is dispersed in described salt bath, is enough to reduce the activation energy of described base material and leaching acceleration can suppress described titanium to be diffused into described chromium in described base material;
By described salt bath heating to being enough to reduce the activation energy of described base material and the temperature of chromium described in leaching acceleration;
Described stainless steel substrate is immersed in described salt bath, to make described titanium be diffused in described stainless steel substrate, substitutes leached chromium with basic with described titanium, avoid described stainless steel substrate to be out of shape simultaneously or bend; With
Base material described in polishing after described titanium diffusion.
13. methods according to claim 12, wherein use base material described in the polishing of chromated oxide polishing compound.
14. methods according to claim 13, wherein said chromated oxide polishing compound has the granularity less than 2 microns.
15. methods according to claim 13, wherein said chromated oxide polishing compound has the granularity of about 0.5 to about 1 micron.
16. methods according to claim 12, wherein use cotton two-sided thick flannel type polishing wheel with base material described in the polishing velocity polishing of about 3000rpm to about 5000rpm.
17. methods according to claim 16, wherein said polishing velocity is about 3500rpm to about 4500rpm.
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201261642768P | 2012-05-04 | 2012-05-04 | |
| US201261642759P | 2012-05-04 | 2012-05-04 | |
| US201261642781P | 2012-05-04 | 2012-05-04 | |
| US61/642,781 | 2012-05-04 | ||
| US61/642,759 | 2012-05-04 | ||
| US61/642,768 | 2012-05-04 | ||
| PCT/US2013/039690 WO2014081466A2 (en) | 2012-05-04 | 2013-05-06 | Improved process for diffusing a substrate into a base material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104334340A true CN104334340A (en) | 2015-02-04 |
Family
ID=50776655
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380022853.9A Pending CN104334340A (en) | 2012-05-04 | 2013-05-06 | Improved process for diffusing a substrate into a base material |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20150140226A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2844465A4 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2015531023A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20150006433A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104334340A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014081466A2 (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060283094A1 (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2006-12-21 | Crissey Gordon K | Polishing compound |
| US20080226831A1 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2008-09-18 | Philos Jongho Ko | process for diffusing titanium and nitride into a steel or steel alloy by altering the content of such |
| US20090035481A1 (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2009-02-05 | Philos Jongho Ko | Process for diffusing titanium and nitride into a material having a coating thereon and products produced thereby |
| US20090124184A1 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2009-05-14 | Greer Robert S | Thumb-operated detachable liquid polish dispenser for a hand-held surface finishing power tool |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6645566B2 (en) * | 1999-06-01 | 2003-11-11 | Jong Ho Ko | Process for heat treatment nitriding in the presence of titanium and products produced thereby |
| US7896981B2 (en) * | 2009-04-28 | 2011-03-01 | Apple Inc. | Nitriding stainless steel for consumer electronic products |
-
2013
- 2013-05-06 EP EP13856167.5A patent/EP2844465A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-05-06 US US14/398,503 patent/US20150140226A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-05-06 JP JP2015510504A patent/JP2015531023A/en active Pending
- 2013-05-06 KR KR1020147030844A patent/KR20150006433A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-05-06 WO PCT/US2013/039690 patent/WO2014081466A2/en active Application Filing
- 2013-05-06 CN CN201380022853.9A patent/CN104334340A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060283094A1 (en) * | 2005-06-20 | 2006-12-21 | Crissey Gordon K | Polishing compound |
| US20090035481A1 (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2009-02-05 | Philos Jongho Ko | Process for diffusing titanium and nitride into a material having a coating thereon and products produced thereby |
| CN101535038A (en) * | 2006-04-18 | 2009-09-16 | 菲洛斯·琼贺·高 | Process for diffusing titanium and nitride into a material having a coating thereon |
| US20080226831A1 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2008-09-18 | Philos Jongho Ko | process for diffusing titanium and nitride into a steel or steel alloy by altering the content of such |
| US20090124184A1 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2009-05-14 | Greer Robert S | Thumb-operated detachable liquid polish dispenser for a hand-held surface finishing power tool |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20150006433A (en) | 2015-01-16 |
| EP2844465A2 (en) | 2015-03-11 |
| WO2014081466A2 (en) | 2014-05-30 |
| JP2015531023A (en) | 2015-10-29 |
| WO2014081466A3 (en) | 2014-07-17 |
| US20150140226A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
| EP2844465A4 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
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