CN104333302A - Solar member for building - Google Patents
Solar member for building Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104333302A CN104333302A CN201410458821.XA CN201410458821A CN104333302A CN 104333302 A CN104333302 A CN 104333302A CN 201410458821 A CN201410458821 A CN 201410458821A CN 104333302 A CN104333302 A CN 104333302A
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- photovoltaic
- heat
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Landscapes
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a solar member for a building. The solar member comprises a photovoltaic assembly, a junction box, a connector, a frame, a filling material and a member backboard. A solar heat collector or a metal plate is employed as a photovoltaic assembly backboard, and a heating electronic device and the frame or the photovoltaic assembly backboard are contacted for heat dissipation; the photovoltaic assembly and the member backboard are installed in a fixation groove corresponding to the frame to form an enclosed space, and an integral member module is formed by bonding the filling material; the outer side surface of the frame is provided with a radiator and a heat conduction pipe for conducting solar energy to a solar heat collection system; and a refrigeration and heating apparatus is integrated on the photovoltaic assembly backboard and the member backboard, and an isolation layer is clamped between the photovoltaic assembly backboard and the member backboard. According to the invention, the solar member for the building can be used for photovoltaic generating and solar heat collection and temperature adjustment, can directly replace a decoration material, an insulation material, a waterproof material, an exterior-protected construction material and an air conditioning device on the roof or the wall of the building, and can also be integrally installed with the roof or the wall of an existing building so as to realize photovoltaic building integration.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of industrial component product with photovoltaic generation and solar energy heating and building external protective function, namely can be used for photovoltaic generation and solar energy heating and temperature to regulate, directly can substitute again the ornament materials of building roof or body of wall, insulation material, waterproof material, space enclosing structure material and air-conditioning equipment; Also can install fixing with the roof of existing building or integrated with wall body, realize BIPV and solar building integrated.
Background technology
Because of the needs of energy demand and human kind sustainable development, photovoltaic generation and solar energy heating are particularly solar building integrated is one of important technological means.Photovoltaic module of the prior art and solar energy heat collector, be fixed on building by the mounting system of complexity, connected between photovoltaic module by cable, destroy building structure cause structural safety and water penetration hidden danger many; The inevitable hot spot effect of photovoltaic module and the serious terminal box of temperature rise, and the inflammable back veneer material of photovoltaic module and system cable expose, and cause photovoltaic system disaster hidden-trouble serious.Photovoltaic system of the prior art and solar energy heat collector cost high, any construction material can not be substituted, and be building additional burden, cause photovoltaic system and solar energy heat collector cost performance low.
How to realize real solar building integrated and BIPV? in conjunction with the development of building industrialization and new building material, design the product transboundary meeting photovoltaic generation and solar energy heating and building field related specifications and standard, directly substitute the ornament materials of building roof or body of wall, insulation material, waterproof material and peripheral structure material, to be the important channel that photovoltaic system and solar thermal collection system improve cost performance, even can realize zero input building photovoltaic generation and solar energy heating.
Solving the problems of the technologies described above is realize solar building integrated key content, is also the basic condition that photovoltaic generation and solar energy heating develop into that building external protects component.
Chinese patent CN201210051482.4 discloses a kind of terminal box for photovoltaic honeycomb component module, comprise terminal box inner casing and terminal box shell, some metal connecting sheets and several diodes are established in terminal box inner casing, diode two ends are connected across between adjacent metal brace, and are connected with photovoltaic cell conduction band through conduction band link; Terminal box shell medium position arranges thermal window, and terminal box shell is protruded by thermal window in diode radiating face; Or terminal box inner casing side arranges thermal window, diode radiating face is protruded in terminal box by thermal window.Although this patent effectively can solve the heat dissipation problem of junction box diode, but need multiple baroque metal connecting sheet and shell and inner casing, the fixing complexity of diode and metal connecting sheet and shell and outside heat carrier, whole junction box structure is complicated and cost is high; When junction box needs integral control circuit and power-switching circuit, metal connecting sheet mode when heater members quantity is many, then cannot be adopted to fix.
Chinese patent CN201210051481.x discloses a kind of photovoltaic honeycomb component module with heat collecting pipe, comprise: the photovoltaic module be made up of photovoltaic panel, connector and terminal box, the lower floor of photovoltaic panel is followed successively by solar energy heat collection pipe, honeycomb sandwich layer and backboard, use Hot melt glue film bonding to each other, the agent structure of constituent components module; The agent structure periphery of described assembly module establishes aluminum alloy frame; The positive and negative connector of described connector and the outlet of solar energy heat collection pipe and inlet port connector, be located at the both sides of this assembly module respectively; Described terminal box is built in honeycomb sandwich layer.Although this patent can realize photovoltaic generation and solar heat collection function, but solar energy heat collection pipe is contacted with solar cell by photovoltaic component back plate, because photovoltaic component back plate thermal resistance is high, the a large amount of heat energy produced when effectively can not absorb solar cell working, affect the heat absorption of photovoltaic module generating efficiency and solar energy heat collection pipe; The gateway of solar energy heat collection pipe is located at assembly module both sides, and the gateway of adjacent component module directly connects, and thermal-collecting tubes a large amount of in system connects and causes connecting complexity, and sealing difficulty is large and maintenance workload is large; Solar energy heat collection pipe is bonding by Hot melt glue film with photovoltaic module, and the high temperature produced during work directly affects bonding reliability and the life-span of material.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, the object of the invention is to the electrical connection needs solving photovoltaic system with minimum cost, for heater members provides with control circuit and Power convert the needs that are connected and dispel the heat and insulate.Substitute photovoltaic component back plate with the solar collector of sheet metal or bulk, improve the heat dispersion of solar cell and improve the heat absorption efficiency of solar collector; Improve the connected mode of solar thermal collection system, solar energy component for building is separate with external solar collecting system, solves the sealing problem of a large amount of pipeline connection.Be designed to solar energy component for building to meet the module of buildings waterproof, insulation and fire protection requirement; And refrigeration and heating combined equipment can be increased, for solar cell and solar thermal collection system and building provide temp regulating function.
the technical scheme that the present invention takes for realizing its object:solar energy component for building, comprises photovoltaic module, terminal box, connector and frame; Described photovoltaic module extexine is glass, and the photovoltaic component back plate being followed successively by solar cell below and being substituted by solar collector or sheet metal, bonds with jelly between layers of material; Metal connecting sheet in terminal box is substituted with printed circuit board (PCB), heater members is installed on a printed circuit, heater members and printed circuit board (PCB) are fixed on photovoltaic component back plate or frame and also substitute terminal box, and heater members and printed circuit board (PCB) are by photovoltaic component back plate or frame heat loss through conduction; The tapping that the busbar of solar cell has inlayed dielectric insert from photovoltaic component back plate is drawn, or draws between glass and the interlayer of photovoltaic component back plate, is connected with printed circuit board (PCB); Described connector is connected with printed circuit board (PCB); Photovoltaic component back plate is fixedly connected with scuncheon; Peripheral outer side surface is provided with the heat-conductive thermo tube of radiator and solar thermal collection system, and frame, radiator contact successively with heat-conductive thermo tube three, and the heat energy of photovoltaic component back plate is conducted to solar thermal collection system through heat-conductive thermo tube.
Further, solar energy component for building also comprises component backboard, described photovoltaic component back plate or component backboard is set up semiconductor thermoelectric refrigeration device or the cooling and warming pipeline of integration packaging; Or integrated refrigeration and heating combined equipment is increased respectively on photovoltaic component back plate and component backboard, accompany separator between photovoltaic component back plate and component backboard; Refrigeration obtains from terminal box with the energy heated or obtains from outside; Or jointly driven by solar energy component for building and the outside energy.
Further, described photovoltaic module and component backboard are arranged on holddown groove corresponding to frame and form enclosure space, with packing material, integrated member module is fixed or be bonded into the photovoltaic module in enclosure space, frame and component backboard, between photovoltaic component back plate and component backboard, form separator.
Further, described terminal box is fixed on frame or is fixed on the back side of photovoltaic module, or is fixed on component backboard; The radiating surface of box internal heat generation device protrudes terminal box shell and frame or component backboard or photovoltaic component back plate and contacts and form Conduction heat-sink structure; Or the terminal box shell of the radiating surface of heater members and heat conduction is directly fixedly mounted, terminal box shell and frame or component backboard or photovoltaic component back plate contact and form Conduction heat-sink structure; The busbar of described solar cell is connected with terminal box respectively with connector.
Further, the inner side of described frame is provided with photovoltaic module mounting groove and backboard positioning boss, and the positive stop lug boss of link box and anti-skidding boss; The outside of frame is provided with cleaning device mounting guide rail groove and installs arc mounting groove and the fluid sealant fill area of arc sealing strip, and arc sealing strip and arc mounting groove form the malformation position of adjacent two solar energy component for building; Or outside frame, be provided with the mutual buckle of adjacent frame and the water guide structure of crimping with it; When frame is the material of good heat conduction, at the middle part in shape of peripheral frame cross section and between top layer and bottom, increase heat-insulating bridge-cut-off layer.
Further, described connector is divided into positive pole L shape connector, negative pole L shape connector, positive pole straight shape connector, the straight shape connector of negative pole and U-shaped connector; Described positive pole L shape connector and negative pole L shape connector are fixed on frame, are connected with the sheet metal in printed substrate or terminal box respectively by cable; Described U-shaped connector is connected with two adjacent architecturals the positive pole L shape connector of solar energy component and negative pole L shape connector respectively, and in the groove formed after being fixed on the docking of adjacent architectural solar energy component frame; External cable is connected by the positive pole L shape connector of positive pole straight shape connector and negative pole straight shape connector and solar energy component serial array both sides for building and negative pole L shape connector, and is built in described groove.
Further, described solar collector or accompany dielectric film between sheet metal and solar cell, bonds with jelly between layers of material; Or make insulating barrier on the surface of photovoltaic component back plate, and between solar cell, direct jelly bonds.
Further, described photovoltaic component back plate protrudes frame and directly contacts with described heat-conductive thermo tube, and the heat energy of photovoltaic component back plate is conducted to solar thermal collection system through heat-conductive thermo tube.
as shown from the above technical solution:in order to improve the heat dispersion of photovoltaic module and reduce costs, when changing the back veneer material of photovoltaic module into sheet metal or solar collector: Crystalline Silicon PV Module top layer is glass, is followed successively by adhesive, solar cell, adhesive, dielectric film, adhesive, sheet metal or solar collector downwards; Wherein bond glass and solar cell with PVB, bond solar cell and dielectric film and metal backing with EVA; Also can all with EVA or all with PVB or all bond glass, solar cell, dielectric film, sheet metal or solar collector with transparent organic silicon.Membrane photovoltaic component top layer is glass, is followed successively by solar cell, adhesive, dielectric film, adhesive, sheet metal or solar collector downwards; All with EVA or all with PVB or all bond glass, solar cell, dielectric film, sheet metal or solar collector with transparent organic silicon.Also can combinationally use bonding glass, solar cell, dielectric film, sheet metal or solar collector with above-mentioned jelly, or substitute above-mentioned jelly with acrylic acid, furans, polyurethane, polymer alloy glue or resin.
When with solar collector as photovoltaic component back plate time, solar collector and dielectric film and scuncheon face close contact, the heat energy produced when it absorbs solar cell working and the heat energy through solar cell radiation, by thermal energy conduction to frame.Solar collector and dielectric film contact the heat absorption and radiator structure that form photovoltaic module with scuncheon, in the groove outside adjacent members frame, the heat exchanger installing heat pipe and system connects and composes solar thermal collection system; Or protrude frame with the solar collector or solar collector being integrated with frame function, connect and compose solar thermal collection system with the heat pipe outside frame and heat exchanger.Adjacent members frame formed groove in, the radiator of installation and the lateral surface close contact of both sides frame, by radiator inside heat pipe heat-conducting medium by thermal energy conduction to system heat exchanger; Or the heat-conducting medium of solar collector inside heat pipe directly by thermal energy conduction to heat exchanger for external device (ED).When solar collector inside uses heat-conducting medium, the terminal box power taking Direct driver media flow from photovoltaic module and control can be selected, or driving flowing and control by external power source, solar collector and the outside hot-pipe system of component inside can form the relatively independent closed thermal energy exchange circulatory system.Can direct-furnish hot water by heat exchanger, also can provide heat energy for air-conditioning system, or as industry and agriculture heat energy supply, or provide heat energy etc. for heat reservoir and Stirling engine.
Integrated refrigeration and heating combined equipment on photovoltaic component back plate or component backboard, with semiconductor thermoelectric refrigeration device or cooling and warming pipeline and photovoltaic component back plate or component backboard integration packaging.Also can distinguish integrated refrigerating and heating combined equipment on photovoltaic component back plate and on component backboard, between photovoltaic component back plate and component backboard, accompany separator.Heat-conducting medium in cooling and warming pipeline is connected with outside thermoregulating system; Or be connected with compressor; When compressor is arranged on solar energy component for building outside, the cooling and warming pipeline of multiple solar energy component for building can be connected with compressor; When compressor is embedded in solar energy component for building inside, the cooling and warming pipeline of solar energy component for building is directly connected with compressor.Thermoregulator controller is encapsulated in junction box or by external control, freezes and obtain from terminal box with the energy heated or obtain from outside, also jointly can be driven by solar energy component for building and the outside energy.Temperature regulation controller control temperature and refrigeration and the commutation heating end are changed.Integrated refrigeration and heating combined equipment on photovoltaic component back plate or component backboard, its supply air system can be integrated fixing on photovoltaic component for building, also can be provided by the air-supply arrangement of outside.Heat end for solar collector heating and heating buildings, refrigeration end is solar cell and building cooling.
In order to the bad problem of the heat radiation improving existing photovoltaic module and terminal box, particularly when the heat radiation challenge that backboard and the terminal box of photovoltaic module are brought in the face of sealing and insulation, new measure must be adopted to solve.Adopt solar collector or metal backing to substitute traditional organic material backboard or glass back plate, and connect and compose with metal edge frame the good Conduction heat-sink structure that dispels the heat, by the heat pipe with frame close contact by heat exchanger extremely outside for thermal energy conduction; Or by frame and skin glass and air heat exchange, effectively improve radiating condition and the local superheating phenomenon of photovoltaic module.The electronic devices and components such as heater members (the bypass protection diode that photovoltaic module is supporting and lightning protection device; Be embedded in the diode of Miniature inverter in photovoltaic component terminal box and photovoltaic module Monitoring and Controlling inside modules, lightning protection device, MOSFET, IGBT, IPM and Power IC etc.) be arranged on the printed circuit board (PCB) of metallic support in alternative terminal box, printed circuit board (PCB) and heater members are fixed on photovoltaic component back plate or frame and also substitute terminal box, and heater members and printed circuit board (PCB) are by photovoltaic component back plate or frame heat loss through conduction; External cable is directly connected with printed circuit board (PCB), and packing material is by heater members and electronic circuit board seal isolation; The tapping that the busbar of solar cell has inlayed dielectric insert from photovoltaic component back plate is drawn, or draws between glass and the interlayer of photovoltaic component back plate, is connected with printed circuit board (PCB).Or the heater members radiating surface in photovoltaic component terminal box is protruded terminal box, contact with the metal edge frame of photovoltaic module or sheet metal or solar collector and form Conduction heat-sink structure; Can isolate with dielectric film between the metal edge frame of the radiating surface of heater members and photovoltaic module or photovoltaic component back plate, strengthen electric insulation safety.Also the terminal box shell of the radiating surface of heater members and good heat conductivity can be fixedly mounted, the frame of terminal box shell and solar energy component for building or metal backing or solar collector contact and form good Conduction heat-sink structure.
Photovoltaic module and component backboard are arranged on holddown groove corresponding to scuncheon and form enclosure space, adopt the packing material that bond properties is good and structural strength is higher that photovoltaic component back plate in enclosure space, terminal box, connector, frame and component backboard are binded integrally construction part module, between photovoltaic component back plate and component backboard, form separator; Or by screw or notch, component backboard and photovoltaic component back plate and the parts such as packing material and frame are fixed.The optional engineering plastics of packing material, foamed plastics, string, polyurethane, phenolic aldehyde, polyphenyl, foam cement, cement, asbestos, perlite, honeycomb core structures material, or based on the composite material that above material mixes; Or by jelly finished product filled sheet material and photovoltaic component back plate, frame and component backboard stick together.Component backboard adopts cement sheet material, stone material, sheet metal, metal plastic composite board material, woodwork sheet material, gypsum sheet material, pottery, glass or plastic plate, also can substitute the backboard of solar energy component for building with packing materials such as cement.Photovoltaic component back plate can aluminium or all kinds of aluminum alloy plate materials, copper or all kinds of copper alloy plate, stainless steel materials, polyimides, Merlon, polyvinyl fluoride, poly terephthalic acid class plastics, polypropylene screen, TPT, mica, glass or organosilicon membrane material etc.When selecting cement as packing material, component backboard can omit need not.Organic material inorganic material all in system seals, resolution system disaster hidden-trouble and raising weather resistance.
Solar collector or accompany dielectric film between sheet metal and solar cell, bonds with jelly between material; Dielectric film can select polyimides, Merlon, polyvinyl fluoride, poly terephthalic acid class plastics, polypropylene screen, TPT, mica, glass or organosilicon membrane material etc.; Jelly can select PVB, EVA, acrylic acid, furans, polyurethane, polymer alloy glue, resin or organic silica gel etc.Change the color of dielectric film color and photovoltaic component frame and sealing strip, and corresponding adjustment solar cell color or the color of photovoltaic module skin glass or the color of adhesive, the collocation of colour that building needs can be obtained, meet building colour diversity requirements.
beneficial effect of the present invention:the solar collector that photovoltaic module in the present invention adopts or sheet metal are contacted with solar cell by dielectric film, effectively can reduce solar cell temperature and alleviate solar cell hot spot problem, and by the heat pipe of member exterior by thermal energy conduction to the heat exchanger of system.Solar energy heat exchanger or sheet metal, than macromolecular material backboards such as traditional TPT, have better weather resistance and useful life, and can effectively fire-retardantly permeate, for photovoltaic module provides better security protection performance with opposing aqueous vapor.When solar collector inside uses heat-conducting medium, directly control and drive medium flowing from the terminal box power taking of photovoltaic module, outside heat-conducting medium drives flowing by external power source and controls, and solar collector and the outside hot-pipe system of component inside form the relatively independent closed thermal energy exchange circulatory system.Dielectric film and dielectric insert are that sheet metal or solar collector and solar cell and busbar provide safe and reliable electric insulation, and close the insulating material used and do not contact with air, and insulation property are more reliable and more stable.Integrated refrigeration and heating combined equipment on solar collector or sheet metal or component backboard can be that solar cell and solar collector regulate temperature with building.
Supporting terminal box solves conventional electrical connectors internal heat generation device and to dispel the heat bad problem, is sealed in insulation material to use also can not produce temperaturing lifting abnormality problem.L-type connector and U-shaped connector support the use, and make photovoltaic component for building can independent dismounting, are convenient to safeguard.Special terminal box and connector achieve the electric component of system and cable and close and use, and provide electric condition support for photovoltaic module realizes building element.
Solar energy component for building fills high insulation material, can realize good heat-insulating property.When adding honeycomb core structures material into the filler material, the structural behaviour of high strength can be obtained.Use the inorganic material such as cement, perlite or asbestos when packing material, solar energy component for building can obtain good fire protecting performance.Based on combinationally using of these packing materials above-mentioned, the properties of product requirement under adaptation varying environment condition can be obtained.
Solar energy component for building in the present invention and system composition, systematicly solve the building function requirements such as fire prevention, waterproof, heat-insulation and heat-preservation, structural strength and weatherability, alternative corresponding construction material, the roof of direct construction building or exterior wall, also can directly install on the roof of existing building or exterior wall.All material in solar energy component system for building is as the part of building roof or exterior wall, solve the problem that common photovoltaic system and solar energy heat collector are the additional burden of building, really accomplish solar building integrated, drop into the demand achieving photovoltaic generation and solar energy heating with minimum cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in more detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural section schematic diagram of the present invention using sheet metal as photovoltaic component back plate;
Fig. 2 is the structural section schematic diagram of the present invention using solar collector as photovoltaic component back plate;
Fig. 3 is component Facad structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4-1 is the busbar lead-out mode schematic diagram of photovoltaic module of the present invention;
Fig. 4-2 is the enlarged drawing of A in Fig. 4-1;
Fig. 5 is that component terminal box of the present invention installs side sectional view;
Fig. 6 is that component terminal box of the present invention goes lid schematic front view;
Fig. 7 is component terminal box scheme of installation of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is that in component terminal box of the present invention, heater members abuts in schematic diagram that frame dispels the heat;
Frame that in component terminal box of the present invention, heater members abuts in band bridge cut-off dispels the heat schematic diagram Fig. 9;
Figure 10 is the mode schematic diagram of component wiring of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the mode end view of component wiring of the present invention;
Figure 12 is of the present invention not containing the frame sectional view of bridge cutoff structure;
Figure 13 is the frame sectional view containing bridge cut-off of the present invention;
Figure 14 is that between component of the present invention, U-shaped connector is installed in series schematic diagram;
Figure 15 is component positive connector lead-out wire scheme of installation of often going here and there of the present invention;
Figure 16 is component negative pole connector lead-out wire scheme of installation of often going here and there of the present invention;
Figure 17 is the installation front schematic view that component of the present invention is fixed on Special keel;
Figure 18 is the installation front schematic view that component of the present invention is fixed on architectural shape;
Figure 19 is the front schematic view that component of the present invention is combined with gutter;
Figure 20 is the front schematic view that component of the present invention is combined with ridge;
Figure 21 is thermal energy exchange circulatory system schematic diagram of the present invention;
Figure 22 is the sectional view that heat-conductive thermo tube of the present invention and frame are installed.
In accompanying drawing: 1, frame, 2, face glass, 3, adhesive, 4, solar cell, 5, dielectric film, 6.1, sheet metal, 6.2, solar collector, 7, packing material, 8, component backboard, 9, dielectric insert, 10, busbar, 11, terminal box, 12, heater members, 13, dielectric film, 14, the positioning boss of component backboard, 15, terminal box positive stop lug boss, 16, the anti-skidding boss of terminal box, 17, lower frid installed by assembly, and 18, photovoltaic module mounting groove, 19, frid installed by assembly, and 20, sealing strip mounting groove, 21, border structure groove, 22, frame mounting panel, 23, frame bridge cut-off, 24, negative pole L shape connector, 25, positive pole L shape connector, 26, frame mounting panel, 27, Components installation district, 28, frame installing hole, 29, U-shaped connector, 30, straight shape positive connector, 31, straight shape negative pole connector, 32, cable, 33, fluid sealant, 34, foam rods, 35, bezel seal bar, 36, set bolt, 37, keel, 38, heat insulating strip, 39, keel section, 40, radiator, 41, heat pipe, 42, heat-conducting medium loop control pump, 43, gutter, 44, receive limit section bar, 45, photovoltaic component for building, 46, architectural shape, 47, bridge cut-off material, 48, universal screw, 49, ridge, 50, heat exchanger, 51, heat pipe connectors, 52, printed circuit board (PCB)
embodiment:
embodiment 1:
See Fig. 1,3 and Fig. 8-11, the present invention includes photovoltaic module, negative pole connector 24, positive connector 25, terminal box 11 and frame 1, photovoltaic module is made up of (sheet metal is as photovoltaic component back plate) face glass 2, solar cell 4, adhesive 3, dielectric film 5, sheet metal 6.1; Sheet metal 6.1 and the contact-making surface of solar cell 4 do insulating barrier process or bonding dielectric film 5; Face glass 2, solar cell 4, dielectric film 5 and sheet metal 6.1 is as a whole by the bonding formation of adhesive 3, and is encapsulated in frame 1; Sheet metal 6.1 and frame 1 close contact.Heater members in terminal box 11, or heater members 12 is arranged on printed circuit board (PCB) 52, and it is upper fixing to be close to (or being close to sheet metal 6.1) on frame 1; Positive pole L shape connector 25 and negative pole L shape connector 24 are through being connected with printed circuit board (PCB) 52, and connector is separately fixed on the frame 1 of component both sides, and one end is stretched out outside frame.Select to increase packing material 7 and component backboard 8 at the back side of photovoltaic module according to requirement of engineering.
In order to the secure connection of the busbar 10 with printed circuit board (PCB) 52 of protecting solar cell; dielectric insert 9 has been inlayed at the tapping of metal backing; and the busbar of solar cell is drawn at the middle part tapping of dielectric insert 9, guarantee the reliability of electric insulation safety and Material cladding.As shown in Fig. 4-1,4-2.
embodiment 2:
See Fig. 2,3 and Fig. 8-11, the present invention includes photovoltaic module, negative pole connector 24, positive connector 25, terminal box 11 and frame 1, photovoltaic module is made up of (solar collector is as photovoltaic component back plate) face glass 2, solar cell 4, adhesive 3, dielectric film 5, solar collector 6.2; Solar collector 6.2 and the contact-making surface of solar cell 4 do insulating barrier process or bonding dielectric film 5; Face glass 2, solar cell 4, dielectric film 5 and solar collector 6.2 is as a whole by the bonding formation of adhesive 3, and is encapsulated in frame 1; Solar collector 6.2 and frame 1 close contact.Heater members in terminal box 11, or heater members 12 is arranged on printed circuit board (PCB) 52, and it is upper fixing to be close to (or being close to solar collector 6.2) on frame 1; Positive pole L shape connector 25 is connected with the sheet metal of terminal box 11 with negative pole L shape connector 24, or is connected with printed circuit board (PCB) 52, and connector is separately fixed on the frame 1 of component both sides, and one end is stretched out outside frame.Select to increase packing material 7 and component backboard 8 at the back side of photovoltaic module according to requirement of engineering.
Solar collector can aluminium or all kinds of aluminium alloy, copper or all kinds of copper alloy, glass or stainless steel and other metal materials process, and surface can cover glass.Become the special-shaped block structure of heat absorption and good heat dispersion performance by metal material processing, or process pipeline in reguline metal, or pipeline is fixed on metal plate.The contact-making surface of solar collector and photovoltaic module is smooth and the habit energy that absorbs heat is good, and surface can process a layer insulating, directly substitutes the dielectric film of photovoltaic module.Be filled with heat-conducting medium material in airtight pipeline, and in pipeline, arrange heat-conducting medium loop control pump, the power supply of loop control pump is supplied by terminal box, its control circuit also accessible site in terminal box.The contact-making surface of solar collector and frame fills heat-conducting medium material, and the contact-making surface of the heat pipe and frame that are integrated with radiator also fills heat-conducting medium material.
In order to the secure connection of the busbar 10 with printed circuit board (PCB) 52 of protecting solar cell; dielectric insert has been inlayed at the tapping of solar collector; and the busbar of solar cell is drawn at the middle part tapping of dielectric insert, guarantee the reliability of electric insulation safety and Material cladding.As shown in Fig. 4-1,4-2.
In above-mentioned two examples, solar collector or accompany dielectric film between sheet metal and solar cell, bonds with jelly between material; Dielectric film can select polyimides, Merlon, polyvinyl fluoride, poly terephthalic acid class plastics, polypropylene screen, TPT, mica, glass or organosilicon membrane material etc.; Jelly can select PVB, EVA, acrylic acid, furans, polyurethane, polymer alloy glue, resin or organic silica gel etc.Change the color of dielectric film color and photovoltaic component frame and sealing strip, and corresponding adjustment solar cell color or the color of photovoltaic module skin glass or the color of adhesive, the collocation of colour that building needs can be obtained, meet building colour diversity requirements.
embodiment 3:
See Figure 12,13, in the present invention, change the structural design of conventional photovoltaic module frame, adapt to building external and protect the structure needs of component and the function needs of photovoltaic module.The positioning boss that photovoltaic module installs groove and component backboard is devised in the inner side of frame.Two vertical boss are devised, i.e. terminal box positive stop lug boss 15 and the anti-skidding boss 16 of terminal box, the groove fit link box corresponding with terminal box shell at scuncheon.The outside of frame devises multiple groove, i.e. border structure groove 21, increases strong structural strength, increases the contact-making surface of fluid sealant and jamb surface during filling with sealant.Arc groove outside frame, sealing strip mounting groove 20 is corresponding with special sealing strip, and the frame of adjacent architectural solar energy component adopts special sealing strip buckle, and the arc of sealing strip protrudes and forms deformable mounting structure with the arc groove of frame.When frame is the material of good heat conductivity, in order to reduce heat transfer and avoid the condensation because the temperature difference is formed, at the middle part in shape of peripheral frame cross section and between top layer and bottom, heat-insulating bridge-cut-off layer 23 can be increased.Sealing strip is as the selectable installation part of photovoltaic component for building, and protecting border fluid sealant is not affected by environment, and its material can select aluminum or aluminum alloy, copper or copper alloy, engineering plastics or rubber etc.
embodiment 4:
See Figure 14-16, positive pole L shape connector 25 and negative pole L shape connector 24 are separately fixed at the side of frame, the one end stretching into frame is connected with terminal box by cable, the one end of stretching out frame and adjacent L shape connector stretch out to punish to be connected by U-shaped connector 29 and communicate, and form the series connection of multiple photovoltaic component for building.Often go here and there the positive pole L shape connector of photovoltaic component both sides for building and negative pole L shape connector, connect with corresponding straight shape positive connector 30 or straight shape negative pole connector 31 respectively, often will go here and there photovoltaic component for building by cable and be connected with external equipment.(do not adopt positive pole L shape connector and negative pole L shape connector, U-shaped connector and straight shape connector) when using general connector, cable is connected with terminal box and is connected with connector, and adjacent architectural solar energy component connects identical by connector.All connectors and cable all by sealant sealing in adjacent solar energy component frame groove for building.
embodiment 5:
As shown in Figure 17,18, based on supporting frame, solar energy component for building is fixedly mounted on keel 37 or architectural shape 46, is filled with a sealing with fluid sealant and foam strip and gap is installed, realize systematic waterproofing, closed connector and cable and heat pipe.Organic material jelly and cable and connector and heat pipe isolating seal protect by sealing strip, effectively can extend the useful life of fluid sealant and cable and connector and heat pipe, also make the system of solar energy component for building achieve and close organic material by inorganic material.
embodiment 6:
See Figure 21,22, the solar energy component for building of use-case 1 or example 2 is installed, and in the groove formed between frame 1, radiator 40 and the peripheral outer side surface close contact of installation, encapsulate heat pipe 41 in radiator 40.Heat pipe 41 is by inner heat-conducting medium and heat-conducting medium loop control pump 42, and the heat exchanger 50 extremely outside by thermal energy conduction, for external device (ED).
embodiment 7:in example 1 or example 2, the sheet metal of solar energy component for building or solar collector 6 back side increase encapsulated semiconductor thermoelectric cooling device, drive with solar cell or external power source driving cooling and warming, control the power positive cathode of semiconductor thermoelectric refrigeration device, for sheet metal or solar collector 6 freeze with building or heat.Or with double-deck semiconductor thermoelectric refrigeration device package on sheet metal or solar collector 6, drive with solar cell or external power source driving cooling and warming, control the power positive cathode of semiconductor thermoelectric refrigeration device, can realize freezing for solar cell and building simultaneously and heating.
embodiment 8:
See Fig. 2, in example 1 or example 2, the sheet metal of solar energy component for building or solar collector 6 back side increase encapsulation cooling and warming pipeline, be connected with outside condenser and cooling and warming pipeline, drive with solar cell or external power source, for solar cell and building freeze or heat.Or cooling and warming pipeline is encapsulated respectively on photovoltaic component back plate (sheet metal or solar collector 6) and component backboard 8, heat insulation packing material is accompanied between photovoltaic component back plate (sheet metal or solar collector 6) and component backboard 8, cooling and warming pipeline is connected with outside compressor, for solar cell and building are freezed or heat.When compressor is embedded in solar energy component for building inside, the cooling and warming pipeline of solar energy component for building is directly connected with compressor.
embodiment 9:
As shown in figures 17 to 20, the installation of solar energy component for building, can adopt special tommyhead bolt to be fixed on special keel by photovoltaic component for building.Also universal screw (as: rivet, self-drilling screw etc.) can be adopted photovoltaic component for building to be fixed on (as square steel, T steel material, C shape steel, work shape steel or wooden profile material etc.) on general architectural shape.When system needs to possess heat transfer bridge cut-off function, can at Special keel or between general architectural shape and photovoltaic component for building, insert bridge cut-off material materials such as (as:) cement plate, plasterboard, plastic plate, woodwork plate, composite plate or asbestos, the separating building material of photovoltaic component good heat-transfer, improves system heat-insulating property and prevents because the temperature difference produces dew condensation phenomenon.Also common architectural sheet material can be fixed on below keel or above, and to increase waterproof layer structure at building board and top of keel, use as indoor decoration layer below building board.Tommyhead bolt or universal screw adopt Anti-loosen nut to fix.
The receipts limit of solar energy component for building and construction site junction processes, and adopts special receipts limit section bar to be connected with photovoltaic component for building and building with common architectural material, forms the junction of construction site and solar energy component for building.This junction and eaves comprise gutter, ridge and other construction site and form monolithic architecture structure, and form complete water guide structure.
Based on special receipts limit section bar, general construction material reliably can be connected in solar energy component for building.Common architectural material and general ridge and eaves and other building element goods with the use of, complete building roof and body of wall can be built, realize complete building external protective function.
Above are only embodiments of the invention, to one skilled in the art, the present invention has multiple change and change.Allly within invention thought of the present invention and principle, make any amendment, equivalently to replace, improve, all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. solar energy component for building, comprises photovoltaic module, terminal box, connector and frame;
it is characterized in that: described photovoltaic module extexine is glass, and the photovoltaic component back plate being followed successively by solar cell below and being substituted by solar collector or sheet metal, bonds with jelly between layers of material; Metal connecting sheet in terminal box is substituted with printed circuit board (PCB), heater members is installed on a printed circuit, heater members and printed circuit board (PCB) are fixed on photovoltaic component back plate or frame and substitute terminal box, and heater members and printed circuit board (PCB) are by photovoltaic component back plate or frame heat loss through conduction; The tapping that the busbar of solar cell has inlayed dielectric insert from photovoltaic component back plate is drawn, or draws between glass and the interlayer of photovoltaic component back plate, is connected with printed circuit board (PCB); Described connector is connected with printed circuit board (PCB); Photovoltaic component back plate is fixedly connected with scuncheon; Peripheral outer side surface is provided with the heat-conductive thermo tube of radiator and solar thermal collection system, and frame, radiator contact successively with heat-conductive thermo tube three, and the heat energy of photovoltaic component back plate is conducted to solar thermal collection system through heat-conductive thermo tube.
2. solar energy component for building according to claim 1,
it is characterized in that: also comprise component backboard, described photovoltaic component back plate or component backboard are set up semiconductor thermoelectric refrigeration device or the cooling and warming pipeline of integration packaging; Or integrated refrigeration and heating combined equipment is increased respectively on photovoltaic component back plate and component backboard, accompany separator between photovoltaic component back plate and component backboard; Refrigeration obtains from terminal box with the energy heated or obtains from outside; Or jointly driven by solar energy component for building and the outside energy.
3. solar energy component for building according to claim 2,
it is characterized in that: described photovoltaic module and component backboard are arranged on holddown groove corresponding to frame and form enclosure space, with packing material, integrated member module is fixed or be bonded into the photovoltaic module in enclosure space, frame and component backboard, between photovoltaic component back plate and component backboard, form separator.
4. solar energy component for building according to claim 1,
it is characterized in that: described terminal box is fixed on frame or is fixed on the back side of photovoltaic module, or is fixed on component backboard; The radiating surface of box internal heat generation device protrudes terminal box shell and frame or component backboard or photovoltaic component back plate and contacts and form Conduction heat-sink structure; Or the terminal box shell of the radiating surface of heater members and heat conduction is directly fixedly mounted, terminal box shell and frame or component backboard or photovoltaic component back plate contact and form Conduction heat-sink structure; The busbar of described solar cell is connected with terminal box respectively with connector.
5. solar energy component for building according to claim 1,
it is characterized in that: the inner side of described frame is provided with photovoltaic module mounting groove and backboard positioning boss, and the positive stop lug boss of link box and anti-skidding boss; The outside of frame is provided with cleaning device mounting guide rail groove and installs arc mounting groove and the fluid sealant fill area of arc sealing strip, and arc sealing strip and arc mounting groove form the malformation position of adjacent two solar energy component for building; Or outside frame, be provided with the mutual buckle of adjacent frame and the water guide structure of crimping with it; When frame is the material of good heat conduction, at the middle part in shape of peripheral frame cross section and between top layer and bottom, increase heat-insulating bridge-cut-off layer.
6. solar energy component for building according to claim 1,
it is characterized in that: described connector is divided into positive pole L shape connector, negative pole L shape connector, positive pole straight shape connector, the straight shape connector of negative pole and U-shaped connector; Described positive pole L shape connector and negative pole L shape connector are fixed on frame, are connected with the sheet metal in printed substrate or terminal box respectively by cable; Described U-shaped connector is connected with two adjacent architecturals the positive pole L shape connector of solar energy component and negative pole L shape connector respectively, and in the groove formed after being fixed on the docking of adjacent architectural solar energy component frame; External cable is connected by the positive pole L shape connector of positive pole straight shape connector and negative pole straight shape connector and solar energy component serial array both sides for building and negative pole L shape connector, and is built in described groove.
7. solar energy component for building according to claim 1,
it is characterized in that:described solar collector or accompany dielectric film between sheet metal and solar cell, bonds with jelly between layers of material; Or make insulating barrier on the surface of photovoltaic component back plate, and between solar cell, direct jelly bonds.
8. solar energy component for building according to claim 1,
it is characterized in that:described photovoltaic component back plate protrudes frame and directly contacts with described heat-conductive thermo tube, and the heat energy of photovoltaic component back plate is conducted to solar thermal collection system through heat-conductive thermo tube.
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| CN104333302B (en) | 2017-02-15 |
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| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
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