CN104333252A - Inverter midpoint voltage control method and system based on six-time harmonic injection - Google Patents
Inverter midpoint voltage control method and system based on six-time harmonic injection Download PDFInfo
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- CN104333252A CN104333252A CN201410584379.5A CN201410584379A CN104333252A CN 104333252 A CN104333252 A CN 104333252A CN 201410584379 A CN201410584379 A CN 201410584379A CN 104333252 A CN104333252 A CN 104333252A
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- overtone
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/487—Neutral point clamped inverters
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an inverter midpoint voltage control method based on six-time harmonic injection. The method includes the steps: firstly, comparing an actual midpoint voltage value Unp of an inverter measured in real time with a preset midpoint voltage value U*np to obtain a midpoint voltage error value Unperr; secondly, performing proportional-integral adjustment for the Unperr to obtain a six-time harmonic amplitude value Uj6 needing to be injected; thirdly, limiting the Uj6 to obtain a U'j6 with an amplitude value not exceeding m/4; fourthly, multiplying the U'j6 with the amplitude value not exceeding m/4 with a phase of an original modulating wave uj to obtain a momentary value uj6 of injected six-time harmonic; fifthly, adding the injected uj6 with the uj to obtain a modulating wave u'j injected with the six-time harmonic; sixthly, comparing the u'j with a triangular wave to obtain a PWM (pulse width modulation) wave, and controlling inverter midpoint voltage by the PWM wave. Fewer parameters are involved, only midpoint voltage is detected, a control structure is simple, and the method is convenient to implement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and system that a kind of inverter mid-point voltage controls, be specifically related to a kind of inverter mid-point voltage control method based on fifth overtone injection and system.
Background technology
Neutral point voltage balance problem is the intrinsic outstanding problem of diode clamp formula (NPC) three-level inverter.Dc-link capacitance parameter is inconsistent, laod unbalance and different circuit structures and modulation strategy all likely cause mid-point voltage uneven.The imbalance of mid-point voltage will cause the distortion of output voltage, and the voltage causing switching device to bear is inconsistent, and the fluctuation of DC capacitor voltage can reduce the life-span of electric capacity, also can damage switching device and filter capacitor time serious.
Solving the unbalanced method of mid-point voltage mainly contains based on hardware implementing with based on software algorithm two kinds, wherein need to set up special circuit based on hardware implementing, system is made to become complicated, too increase cost simultaneously, mainly in control strategy, add neutral point voltage balance algorithm based on software algorithm, do not need to do any change to hardware.Main two kinds of the software controlling strategies of neutral point voltage balance, a kind of is SVPWM method based on space vector, and another kind is the SPWM method based on carrier wave.Because the effect of often pair of redundancy small vector alignment voltage is contrary, therefore in SVPWM method, the relativity time adjusting positive and negative small vector is the most frequently used mid-point voltage control method, but this method balanced capacity is limited, is unfavorable for more high level inverter expansion simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of algorithm simple, realize the inverter mid-point voltage control method that is easy to inject based on fifth overtone and system, realize the balance of mid-point voltage.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of inverter mid-point voltage control method injected based on fifth overtone, comprises the following steps,
Step one, measures the actual mid-point voltage value U of inverter in real time
np, and the actual mid-point voltage value U of the inverter obtained will be measured in real time
npwith the mid-point voltage value U preset
* npcompare and obtain mid-point voltage error amount U
nperr;
Step 2, by the mid-point voltage error amount U obtained
nperrcarry out proportional integral adjustment, obtain the required fifth overtone amplitude U injected
j6;
Step 3, to the fifth overtone amplitude U of required injection
j6carry out amplitude limit, obtain the fifth overtone amplitude U ' that amplitude is no more than m/4
j6;
Step 4, amplitude is no more than the fifth overtone amplitude U ' of m/4
j6with original modulating wave u
jphase place carry out the instantaneous value u of fifth overtone that multiplying obtains injecting
j6;
Step 5, the instantaneous value u of the fifth overtone of injection
j6with original modulating wave u
jcarry out sum operation and obtain the modulating wave u ' after injecting fifth overtone
j;
Step 6, injects the modulating wave u ' after fifth overtone
jcompare with triangular wave and obtain PWM ripple, PWM ripple controls inverter mid-point voltage.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is limited in the fifth overtone within the scope of 0<mz≤m/4 by harmonic amplitude mz in modulating wave, realize the control of alignment voltage, be implemented as, real-time measurement mid-point voltage Unp, and compare with preset value, required harmonic amplitude is determined according to comparative result, and obtain the new modulating wave containing fifth overtone, modulating wave after adjustment and triangular wave are compared output pwm signal (pulse width modulating signal), with the switch tube working status of control inverter, it is few that the method relates to parameter, only mid-point voltage need be detected, control structure is simple, it is convenient to realize.
Based on above-mentioned a kind of inverter mid-point voltage control method injected based on fifth overtone, the present invention also provides a kind of inverter mid-point voltage control system injected based on fifth overtone.
The inverter mid-point voltage control system injected based on fifth overtone comprises the comparator, proportional and integral controller, amplitude limiter, multiplier, adder and the SPWM module that are connected successively,
Described comparator is used for the actual mid-point voltage value U measuring the inverter obtained in real time
npwith the mid-point voltage value U preset
* npcompare and obtain mid-point voltage error amount U
nperr;
Described proportional and integral controller is used for alignment voltage error value U
nperrregulate through proportional integral, obtain the required fifth overtone amplitude U injected
j6;
Described amplitude limiter is used for the fifth overtone amplitude U to required injection
j6carry out amplitude limit, obtain the fifth overtone amplitude U ' that amplitude is no more than m/4
j6;
Described multiplier is used for the fifth overtone amplitude U ' amplitude being no more than to m/4
j6with original modulating wave u
jphase place carry out the instantaneous value u of fifth overtone that multiplying obtains injecting
j6;
Described adder is used for the instantaneous value u to the fifth overtone injected
j6with original modulating wave u
jcarry out sum operation and obtain the modulating wave u ' after injecting fifth overtone
j;
Described SPWM module obtains PWM ripple for comparing the modulating wave u ' j after injection fifth overtone and triangular wave.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, also comprise phase module, described phase module is connected with described multiplier, and described phase module is used for obtaining original modulating wave u by computing
jphase place, and original modulating wave phase place is passed to multiplier.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the main circuit of the NPC type three-level inverter of required modulation;
Fig. 2 is the oscillogram of carrier wave and modulating wave in three-level SPWM modulation scheme;
Fig. 2-1 is the first output state figure of the switching tube based on the oscillogram in Fig. 2;
Fig. 2-2 is the second output state figure of the switching tube based on the oscillogram in Fig. 2;
Fig. 2-3 is the third output state figure of the switching tube based on the oscillogram in Fig. 2;
Fig. 2-4 is the 4th kind of output state figure of the switching tube based on the oscillogram in Fig. 2;
Fig. 2-5 is the output phase voltage waveform figure based on the oscillogram in Fig. 2;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the method that a kind of inverter mid-point voltage injected based on fifth overtone of the present invention controls;
Fig. 4 is the oscillogram of the method change modulating wave that a kind of inverter mid-point voltage injected based on fifth overtone of the present invention controls;
Fig. 5-1 be the present invention a kind of based on fifth overtone inject inverter mid-point voltage control method modulation ratio be 0.8 mid-point voltage control effects figure;
Fig. 5-2 be the present invention a kind of based on fifth overtone inject inverter mid-point voltage control method modulation ratio be 0.4 mid-point voltage control effects figure;
Fig. 6 is the structured flowchart of a kind of inverter mid-point voltage control system based on fifth overtone injection of the present invention.
Embodiment
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the main circuit structure figure of three-phase NPC type three-level inverter, and in figure, input direct voltage is U
dc, intermediate dc Support Capacitor is respectively C
1, C
2, the voltage at electric capacity two ends is U
c1, U
c2, mid-point voltage is U
np, its value and U
c2identical; Under normal circumstances, mid-point voltage does not offset, U
np=U
dc/ 2, but inconsistent due to Support Capacitor parameter, and the equal reason of laod unbalance and modulation strategy, can make capacitor charge and discharge uneven, cause mid-point voltage to fluctuate, mid-point voltage undulating value dU
cbe defined as dU
c=U
c1-U
c2.
Fig. 2 is carrier wave and modulating wave schematic diagram in traditional three-level SPWM modulator approach, Fig. 2-1,2-2,2-3,2-4 are all output states of the switching tube based on the waveform in Fig. 2, and Fig. 2-5 is the output phase voltage waveform figure based on the oscillogram in Fig. 2.Every output mutually has " P ", " O ", " N " three kinds of states.For a phase, work as S
a1, S
a2open-minded, S
a3, S
a4during shutoff, U
aO=U
dc/ 2, represent by state " P "; Work as S
a2, S
a3open-minded, S
a1, S
a4during shutoff, U
aO=0, represent by state " O "; Work as S
a3, S
a4open-minded, S
a1, S
a2during shutoff, U
aO=-U
dc/ 2, represent by state " N ".Switching tube S
a1, S
a3control signal complementary, switching tube S
a2, S
a4control signal complementary.When unbalance of neutral-point voltage, traditional SPWM modulator approach can not be eliminated or suppress unbalance of neutral-point voltage.
The three-level inverter mid-point voltage control method injected based on fifth overtone of the present invention, effectively can realize mid-point voltage and control.Fig. 3 gives the present invention a kind of flow chart of the inverter mid-point voltage control method based on fifth overtone injection, and control method step is as follows:
Step one, measures the actual mid-point voltage value U of inverter in real time
np, and the actual mid-point voltage value U of the inverter obtained will be measured in real time
npwith the mid-point voltage value U preset
* npcompare and obtain mid-point voltage error amount U
nperr;
Step 2, by the mid-point voltage error amount U obtained
nperrcarry out proportional integral adjustment, obtain the required fifth overtone amplitude U injected
j6;
In step 2, for constructing modulation method for the injection fifth overtone of closed-loop control to realize the control of alignment voltage, the sixth harmonic component phase place of injection is identical with original modulating wave phase place, and the fifth overtone expression formula of structure can be determined by following formula:
u
z＝u
a×u
b×u
c×(u
a-u
b)×(u
b-u
c)×(u
c-u
a) (1)
Can obtain the fifth overtone of initial phase and a same phase according to formula (1), amplitude is
its amplitude is directly proportional to six powers of modulation ratio.
Step 3, to the fifth overtone amplitude U of required injection
j6carry out amplitude limit, obtain the fifth overtone amplitude U ' that amplitude is no more than m/4
j6;
Consider that fifth overtone amplitude should be restricted to m/4, then the fifth overtone expression formula that formula (1) represents should correspondingly be modified to
Therefore, closed loop injection fifth overtone can be calculated by three-phase modulations ripple expression formula and modulation ratio.Inject the modulating wave after fifth overtone as shown in Figure 4, in figure, modulation ratio is 0.8, and can find out that what obtained by formula (2) is fifth overtone, the amplitude of harmonic is 0.2, for 1/4 of modulation ratio, and the fifth overtone obtained is zero relative to the phase angle of original a phase modulating wave.Therefore can injecting the fifth overtone that obtained by formula (2) to realize the closed-loop control of alignment voltage, only need change the symbol of harmonic to obtain contrary mid-point voltage control effects.
Step 4, amplitude is no more than the fifth overtone amplitude U ' of m/4
j6with original modulating wave u
jphase place carry out the instantaneous value u of fifth overtone that multiplying obtains injecting
j6;
Step 5, the instantaneous value u of the fifth overtone of injection
j6with original modulating wave u
jcarry out sum operation and obtain the modulating wave u ' after injecting fifth overtone
j;
Step 6, injects the modulating wave u ' after fifth overtone
jcompare with triangular wave and obtain PWM ripple, PWM ripple controls inverter mid-point voltage.PWM ripple is pulse width modulation wave.
Fig. 5-1 and Fig. 5-2 is the mid-point voltage control effects figure of the method that a kind of inverter mid-point voltage injected based on fifth overtone of the present invention controls, in test, DC bus-bar voltage is 540V, and mid-point voltage set-point is 270V, carrier cycle is 1KHz, modulation ratio m is 0.8 and 0.4.During beginning, mid-point voltage offsets, and adopt the three-level inverter mid-point voltage control method injected based on fifth overtone when 0.2s, unbalance of neutral-point voltage is stabilized within 5V very soon, and regulating time is 0.15 second.The visible three-level inverter mid-point voltage control method alignment voltage injected based on fifth overtone of the present invention has good control action.
The present invention injects the control method of the mid-point voltage of zero-sequence component compared to other, this method does not need to gather a large amount of current and voltage signals, do not need to judge the symbol of reference voltage yet, therefore relative to the method for other harmonic injection, the harmonic injection method that the present invention proposes has the advantage that meaning is clear, realization is simple, cost is low.
Fig. 6 is the structured flowchart of a kind of inverter mid-point voltage control system based on fifth overtone injection of the present invention.Based on the inverter mid-point voltage control system that fifth overtone injects, comprise the comparator, proportional and integral controller, amplitude limiter, multiplier, adder and the SPWM module that are connected successively,
Described comparator is used for the actual mid-point voltage value U measuring the inverter obtained in real time
npwith the mid-point voltage value U preset
* npcompare and obtain mid-point voltage error amount U
nperr;
Described proportional and integral controller is used for alignment voltage error value U
nperrregulate through proportional integral, obtain the required fifth overtone amplitude U injected
j6;
Described amplitude limiter is used for the fifth overtone amplitude U to required injection
j6carry out amplitude limit, obtain the fifth overtone amplitude U ' that amplitude is no more than m/4
j6;
Described multiplier is used for the fifth overtone amplitude U ' amplitude being no more than to m/4
j6with original modulating wave u
jphase place carry out the instantaneous value u of fifth overtone that multiplying obtains injecting
j6;
Described adder is used for the instantaneous value u to the fifth overtone injected
j6with original modulating wave u
jcarry out sum operation and obtain the modulating wave u ' after injecting fifth overtone
j;
Described SPWM module is used for the modulating wave u ' to injecting after fifth overtone
jcompare with triangular wave and obtain PWM ripple.
Wherein, PWM ripple controls inverter mid-point voltage, and control NPC type three-level inverter drives load running.SPWM module is Pulse width modulation module.
A kind of inverter mid-point voltage control system injected based on fifth overtone of the present invention also comprises phase module, and described phase module is connected with described multiplier, and described phase module is used for obtaining original modulating wave u by computing
jphase place, and original modulating wave phase place is passed to multiplier.
A kind of inverter mid-point voltage control system injected based on fifth overtone of the present invention also comprises phase module, and described phase module is connected with described multiplier, and described phase module is used for obtaining original modulating wave u by computing
jphase place, and original modulating wave phase place is passed to multiplier.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1., based on the inverter mid-point voltage control method that fifth overtone injects, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps,
Step one, measures the actual mid-point voltage value U of inverter in real time
np, and the actual mid-point voltage value U of the inverter obtained will be measured in real time
npwith the mid-point voltage value U preset
* npcompare and obtain mid-point voltage error amount U
nperr;
Step 2, by the mid-point voltage error amount U obtained
nperrcarry out proportional integral adjustment, obtain the required fifth overtone amplitude U injected
j6;
Step 3, to the fifth overtone amplitude U of required injection
j6carry out amplitude limit, obtain the fifth overtone amplitude U ' that amplitude is no more than m/4
j6;
Step 4, amplitude is no more than the fifth overtone amplitude U ' of m/4
j6with original modulating wave u
jphase place carry out the instantaneous value u of fifth overtone that multiplying obtains injecting
j6;
Step 5, the instantaneous value u of the fifth overtone of injection
j6with original modulating wave u
jcarry out sum operation and obtain the modulating wave u ' after injecting fifth overtone
j;
Step 6, injects the modulating wave u ' after fifth overtone
jcompare with triangular wave and obtain PWM ripple, PWM ripple controls inverter mid-point voltage.
2. a kind of inverter mid-point voltage control method injected based on fifth overtone according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the phase place of the described required fifth overtone injected is identical with described original modulating wave phase place.
3. based on the inverter mid-point voltage control system that fifth overtone injects, it is characterized in that: comprise the comparator, proportional and integral controller, amplitude limiter, multiplier, adder and the SPWM module that are connected successively,
Described comparator is used for the actual mid-point voltage value U measuring the inverter obtained in real time
npwith the mid-point voltage value U preset
* npcompare and obtain mid-point voltage error amount U
nperr;
Described proportional and integral controller is used for alignment voltage error value U
nperrregulate through proportional integral, obtain the required fifth overtone amplitude U injected
j6;
Described amplitude limiter is used for the fifth overtone amplitude U to required injection
j6carry out amplitude limit, obtain the fifth overtone amplitude U ' that amplitude is no more than m/4
j6;
Described multiplier is used for the fifth overtone amplitude U ' amplitude being no more than to m/4
j6with original modulating wave u
jphase place carry out the instantaneous value u of fifth overtone that multiplying obtains injecting
j6;
Described adder is used for the instantaneous value u to the fifth overtone injected
j6with original modulating wave u
jcarry out sum operation and obtain the modulating wave u ' after injecting fifth overtone
j;
Described SPWM module is used for the modulating wave u ' to injecting after fifth overtone
jcompare with triangular wave and obtain PWM ripple.
4. a kind of inverter mid-point voltage control system injected based on fifth overtone according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: also comprise phase module, described phase module is connected with described multiplier, and described phase module is used for obtaining original modulating wave u by computing
jphase place, and original modulating wave phase place is passed to multiplier.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410584379.5A CN104333252A (en) | 2014-10-27 | 2014-10-27 | Inverter midpoint voltage control method and system based on six-time harmonic injection |
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Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102723889A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Inverter and pulse width modulation (PWM) method thereof |
| CN103138594A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-06-05 | 通用电气公司 | Control system, control method and compensation control unit of NPC (neutral point clamping) converter |
| CN103401455A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-11-20 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 | Modulation method for active neutral-point clamp type tri-level inverter |
-
2014
- 2014-10-27 CN CN201410584379.5A patent/CN104333252A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
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| CN103138594A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-06-05 | 通用电气公司 | Control system, control method and compensation control unit of NPC (neutral point clamping) converter |
| CN102723889A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Inverter and pulse width modulation (PWM) method thereof |
| CN103401455A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-11-20 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 | Modulation method for active neutral-point clamp type tri-level inverter |
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| 宋文胜: "基于零电压分量注入的单相三电平NPC整流器脉宽调制方法", 《中国电机工程学报》 * |
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Application publication date: 20150204 |