CN104333206A - Photovoltaic micro-grid inverter output voltage control method - Google Patents

Photovoltaic micro-grid inverter output voltage control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104333206A
CN104333206A CN201410511037.0A CN201410511037A CN104333206A CN 104333206 A CN104333206 A CN 104333206A CN 201410511037 A CN201410511037 A CN 201410511037A CN 104333206 A CN104333206 A CN 104333206A
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current
phase
voltage
photovoltaic micro
factor
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CN104333206B (en
Inventor
戴伟
陈芳
孙向东
张琦
王建渊
王月盈
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XINJIANG HOPE ELECTRONIC CO Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H02M1/126—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output using passive filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic micro-grid inverter output voltage control method which mainly comprises that a-phase voltage is acquired in real time in operation of a photovoltaic micro-grid inverter, fast fourier FFT analysis is performed, total voltage harmonic content THD is calculated, and current factors of three phases of a, b and c are adjusted simultaneously according to the size of total voltage harmonic content THD; and filtering inductance current of all phases of a, b and c is multiplied by the current factors, filtering capacitance current is multiplied by the result of one minus the current factors, and the sum of the two mixed current acts as feedback current of each phase so that output voltage harmonic wave of the photovoltaic micro-grid inverter is enabled to gradually decrease to a preset threshold value. According to the photovoltaic micro-grid inverter output voltage control method, defects of high harmonic content, poor stability and inconvenient use in the prior art can be overcome so that advantages of low harmonic content, great stability and convenient use can be realized.

Description

A kind of photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic microgrid system application, particularly, relate to a kind of photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method.
Background technology
Solar energy power generating industry is more and more subject to people's attention, and makes photovoltaic generating system grid-connected and all obtain fast development from net field, drives the quick propelling of photovoltaic microgrid system.Photovoltaic microgrid system requires that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can work in grid-connect mode, also can work in from net pattern.There is provided voltage support by bulk power grid during grid-connect mode, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter generally adopts PQ power control mode to realize grid-connected current and controls; Certainly voltage is provided as local load by photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter from during net pattern.
Realizing in process of the present invention, inventor finding at least to exist in prior art that harmonic content is high, poor stability and the defect such as use is inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, for the problems referred to above, propose a kind of photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method, to realize that harmonic content is low, good stability and advantage easy to use.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method, is characterized in that, mainly comprise:
(1) in photovoltaic micro invertor operation, Real-time Collection a phase voltage, and fast Flourier fft analysis is carried out to it, calculate total voltage harmonic content THD, adjust a, b, c three-phase current factor according to total voltage harmonic content THD size simultaneously;
(2) the filter inductance electric current of every to a, b, c phase is multiplied by current factor, filter capacitor electric current is multiplied by 1 and deducts current factor, both hybrid current sums, as the feedback current of every phase, make photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage harmonic wave be reduced to predetermined threshold value gradually.
Further, (1) described step, specifically comprises:
The current flow factor with the front primary current factor initial value all equal 1, adjustment step-length equal less constant, in photovoltaic micro invertor operation, a phase voltage is gathered, after gathering the power frequency period time, carry out quick fft analysis, draw the total harmonic distortion of a phase voltage;
Judge be between 0 and 1, if be less than 0, then if be greater than 1, then if then show that in every phase feedback currents, filter inductance electric current proportion is large; If then show that in every phase feedback currents, filter capacitor electric current proportion is large; If then filter inductance electric current is identical with filter capacitor electric current proportion.
Further, described a phase voltage to be gathered, after gathering the power frequency period time, carries out quick fft analysis, draw the operation of the total harmonic distortion of a phase voltage, specifically comprise:
If first time calculates the total harmonic distortion THD of a phase voltage, then judge whether a phase voltage total harmonic distortion THD reaches GB, supposes to reach GB, then the current flow factor with the front primary current factor equal and remain unchanged; Suppose not reach GB, then
Further, described a phase voltage to be gathered, after gathering the power frequency period time, carries out quick fft analysis, draw the operation of the total harmonic distortion of a phase voltage, specifically also comprise:
If not first time calculates the total harmonic distortion THD of a phase voltage, then judge whether current a phase voltage total harmonic distortion THDn reaches GB:
Suppose to reach GB, then the current flow factor with the front primary current factor equal and remain unchanged;
Suppose not reach GB, then judge whether set up, if set up, then if be false, then ∂ n = ∂ n - 1 - Δ ∂ .
The photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method of various embodiments of the present invention, owing to mainly comprising: in photovoltaic micro invertor operation, Real-time Collection a phase voltage, and fast Flourier fft analysis is carried out to it, calculate total voltage harmonic content THD, adjust a, b, c three-phase current factor according to total voltage harmonic content THD size simultaneously; The filter inductance electric current of every to a, b, c phase is multiplied by current factor, filter capacitor electric current is multiplied by 1 and deducts current factor, both hybrid current sums, as the feedback current of every phase, make photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage harmonic wave be reduced to predetermined threshold value gradually; Can realize photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter good from output voltage sine degree under net pattern, harmonic content is low; Thus can overcome that harmonic content in prior art is high, the defect of poor stability and use inconvenience, to realize that harmonic content is low, good stability and advantage easy to use.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and, partly become apparent from specification, or understand by implementing the present invention.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for specification, together with embodiments of the present invention for explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the connecting circuit block diagram of photovoltaic micro inverter in photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a phase voltage, Current Control block diagram in photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is b phase voltage, Current Control block diagram in photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is c phase voltage, Current Control block diagram in photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the method flow diagram adjusting current factor in photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method of the present invention based on the total harmonic distortion of a phase voltage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Local load is divided into the linear load that resistance R, inductance L, electric capacity C form and the nonlinear load be made up of rectifier diode etc.Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter under micro-capacitance sensor condition adopts LC filter to carry out output filtering mostly.From under net pattern, controller outer shroud adopts output voltage feedback loop, controller inner ring can adopt two kinds of Current Feedback Control according to the difference of feedback current: the electric current of Real-time Collection filter inductance L is as the object of Systematical control inner ring, and the voltage-controlling effect of this Current Feedback Control to the linear load that resistance R, inductance L, electric capacity C form is good; The electric current of Real-time Collection electric capacity C is as the object of Systematical control inner ring, and this Current Feedback Control is good to the voltage-controlling effect of the nonlinear load be made up of rectifier diode etc.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, provide a kind of photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method, be specially the photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method based on voltage harmonic content adjustment current factor, no matter local load is linear load, or nonlinear load, can realize photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter good from output voltage sine degree under net pattern, harmonic content is low.This photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method, above-mentioned inductive current and capacitance current two kinds feedback are multiplied by a current factor respectively, then be added, this hybrid feedback electric current is as the object of Systematical control inner ring, according to the harmonic content adjustment current factor size of actual load voltage, make the harmonic content of photovoltaic micro output voltage under net pattern less.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, photovoltaic micro inverter is made up of classical three-phase two-level inverter and filter inductance, filter capacitor, its input connects the common DC bus of micro-capacitance sensor, and this bus is also connected with photovoltaic array and the energy-accumulating medium such as power controller, storage battery thereof and energy storage controller thereof.Its output connects local load, and local load comprises resistance, electric capacity, the linear load of inductance composition and the nonlinear load that is made up of power electronic equipments such as diode rectifiers.
Three-phase voltage adopts instantaneous voltage outer shroud, respectively with the filter inductance electric current of current factor (0≤current factor≤1) and the current inner loop control strategy of filter capacitor electric current hybrid feedback.The difference of a phase voltage reference value and a phase load voltage is through voltage regulator a effect, draw a phase-current reference value, a phase filter inductance electric current is multiplied by current factor, filter capacitor electric current is multiplied by 1 and deducts current factor, both sums are as a phase feedback currents, the difference of a phase-current reference value and a phase feedback currents is through current regulator a effect, drawing a phase modulating wave, there is a process through pulse width modulation (PWM) in it, produces the control signal required for a phase brachium pontis switch.The difference of b phase voltage reference value and b phase load voltage is through voltage regulator b effect, draw b phase-current reference value, b phase filter inductance electric current is multiplied by current factor, filter capacitor electric current is multiplied by 1 and deducts current factor, both sums are as b phase feedback currents, the difference of b phase-current reference value and b phase feedback currents is through current regulator b effect, drawing b phase modulating wave, there is b process through pulse width modulation (PWM) in it, produces the control signal required for b phase brachium pontis switch.The difference of c phase voltage reference value and c phase load voltage is through voltage regulator c effect, draw c phase-current reference value, c phase filter inductance electric current is multiplied by current factor, filter capacitor electric current is multiplied by 1 and deducts current factor, both sums are as c phase feedback currents, the difference of c phase-current reference value and c phase feedback currents is through current regulator c effect, drawing c phase modulating wave, there is c process through pulse width modulation (PWM) in it, produces the control signal required for c phase brachium pontis switch.Wherein, voltage regulator a, b, c are identical adjusters, can adoption rate resonant regulator, Repetitive controller adjuster or proportion adjustment etc.; Current regulator a, b, c are also identical adjusters, can adopt track with zero error adjuster, ratio resonant regulator or proportion adjustment etc.; The current factor of a, b, c three-phase is identical; A, b, c three-phase PWM method for generation is identical.
The present invention is different from general control method and is in photovoltaic micro invertor operation, Real-time Collection a phase voltage, and fast Flourier (FFT) analysis is carried out to it, calculate total voltage harmonic content (THD), adjust a according to total voltage harmonic content (THD) size simultaneously, b, the c three-phase current factor (the three-phase current factor is always identical), by a, b, the filter inductance electric current of the every phase of c is multiplied by current factor, filter capacitor electric current is multiplied by 1 and deducts current factor, both hybrid current sums are as the feedback current of every phase, thus photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage harmonic wave is reduced gradually, until meet national Specification, although or do not reach GB but reached minimum till.
Concrete grammar is the current flow factor with the front primary current factor initial value all equal 1, adjustment step-length equal less constant (such as 0.05), in photovoltaic micro invertor operation, a phase voltage is gathered, after gathering the power frequency period time, carry out quick fft analysis, draw the total harmonic distortion of a phase voltage.
If first time calculates the total harmonic distortion (THD) of a phase voltage, then judge whether a phase voltage total harmonic distortion (THD) reaches GB, supposes to reach GB, then the current flow factor with the front primary current factor equal and remain unchanged; Suppose not reach GB, then
If not first time calculates the total harmonic distortion (THD) of a phase voltage, then judge whether current a phase voltage total harmonic distortion (THDn) reaches GB, supposes to reach GB, then the current flow factor with the front primary current factor equal and remain unchanged; Suppose not reach GB, then judge whether set up, if set up, then ∂ n = ∂ n - 1 + Δ ∂ ; If be false, then ∂ n = ∂ n - 1 - Δ ∂ .
Finally, judge be between 0 and 1, if be less than 0, then if be greater than 1, then if then show that in every phase feedback currents, filter inductance electric current proportion is large; If then show that in every phase feedback currents, filter capacitor electric current proportion is large; If then filter inductance electric current is identical with filter capacitor electric current proportion.
The beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is: by calculating the total harmonic distortion of a phase voltage in real time, adjust current factor size, thus adjustment is mixed the size of the feedback current formed by filter inductance electric current and filter capacitor electric current, object is that the load voltage harmonic content that photovoltaic micro inverter is exported is little, and sine degree is high.
Wherein, 1. filter inductance L a=L b=L c, 2. filter capacitor C a=C b=C c, 3.iL a, iL b, iL crepresent photovoltaic micro inverter a, b, c three-phase output current respectively, i.e. three-phase filter inductance electric current, 4.io a, io b, io crepresent a, b, c threephase load electric current respectively, and a, b, c three-phase filter capacitor electric current is respectively by iL adeduct io a, iL bdeduct io b, iL cdeduct io crepresent, 5.V oa, V ob, V ocrepresent threephase load phase voltage respectively, 6.n represents the center line of load.
Such as, in FIG, DC bus, three-phase two-level inverter, three-phase filter inductance L a, L b, L c, three-phase photovoltaic micro inverter a, b, c be connected successively with local load, three-phase photovoltaic micro inverter a, b, c three-phase output current iL a, iL b, iL crespectively through filter capacitor C a, C b, C cafter connect the center line of load, three-phase photovoltaic micro inverter a, b, c threephase load phase voltage V oa, V ob, V occonnect the center line of load respectively.Between three-phase two-level inverter and DC bus, walk abreast and be provided with the first controlling brancher and the second controlling brancher that are connected with DC bus, first controlling brancher comprises the power controller and photovoltaic array that are connected with DC bus successively, and the second controlling brancher comprises the energy storage controller and storage battery etc. that are connected with DC bus successively.
In fig. 2, a phase voltage, current control structure, comprise the first comparator, voltage regulator a, the second comparator, current regulator a and the PWMJ wave producer a that are connected to a phase brachium pontis switch successively, and the 3rd comparator be connected with the second comparator.The in-phase input end of the first comparator is used for input signal, the inverting input of the first comparator is for inputting V oasignal, the output input value voltage regulator a of the first comparator.The in-phase input end of the second comparator is connected with the output of voltage regulator a, and the inverting input of the second comparator is connected with the output of the 3rd comparator, and the output of the second comparator is connected with the input of current regulator a.First in-phase input end of the 3rd comparator is used for input signal, the second in-phase input end of the 3rd comparator is used for input signal.
In figure 3, b phase voltage, current control structure, comprise the first comparator, voltage regulator b, the second comparator, current regulator b and the PWMJ wave producer b that are connected to b phase brachium pontis switch successively, and the 3rd comparator be connected with the second comparator.The in-phase input end of the first comparator is used for input signal, the inverting input of the first comparator is for inputting V obsignal, the output input value voltage regulator b of the first comparator.The in-phase input end of the second comparator is connected with the output of voltage regulator b, and the inverting input of the second comparator is connected with the output of the 3rd comparator, and the output of the second comparator is connected with the input of current regulator b.First in-phase input end of the 3rd comparator is used for input signal, the second in-phase input end of the 3rd comparator is used for input signal.
In the diagram, c phase voltage, current control structure, comprise the first comparator, voltage regulator c, the second comparator, current regulator c and the PWMJ wave producer c that are connected to c phase brachium pontis switch successively, and the 3rd comparator be connected with the second comparator.The in-phase input end of the first comparator is used for input signal, the inverting input of the first comparator is for inputting V ocsignal, the output input value voltage regulator c of the first comparator.The in-phase input end of the second comparator is connected with the output of voltage regulator c, and the inverting input of the second comparator is connected with the output of the 3rd comparator, and the output of the second comparator is connected with the input of current regulator c.First in-phase input end of the 3rd comparator is used for input signal, the second in-phase input end of the 3rd comparator is used for input signal.
In Figure 5, the total harmonic distortion based on a phase voltage adjusts the method for current factor, specifically comprises:
Step 1: quick fft analysis is carried out to a phase voltage Voa sampled data, draws current voltage harmonic value THDn;
Step 2: judge whether the current voltage harmonic value THDn drawn is first time calculate THD:
If current voltage harmonic value THDn calculates THD first time, then judge whether current voltage harmonic value THDn is less than GB; If current voltage harmonic value THDn is less than GB, then remain unchanged, perform step 3; If current voltage harmonic value THDn is not less than GB, then perform step 3;
If current voltage harmonic value THDn calculates THD first time, then judge whether current voltage harmonic value THDn is less than GB; If current voltage harmonic value THDn is less than GB, then remain unchanged, perform step 3; If current voltage harmonic value THDn is not less than GB, then judge if then ∂ n = ∂ n - 1 + Δ ∂ , Perform step 3; If not ∂ n ≤ ∂ n - 1 , Then ∂ n = ∂ n - 1 - Δ ∂ , Perform step 3;
Step 3: judge whether
If then make return step 1;
If not then judge whether if then make return step 1; If not then directly return step 1.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method, is characterized in that, mainly comprises:
(1) in photovoltaic micro invertor operation, Real-time Collection a phase voltage, and fast Flourier fft analysis is carried out to it, calculate total voltage harmonic content THD, adjust a, b, c three-phase current factor according to total voltage harmonic content THD size simultaneously;
(2) the filter inductance electric current of every to a, b, c phase is multiplied by current factor, filter capacitor electric current is multiplied by 1 and deducts current factor, both hybrid current sums, as the feedback current of every phase, make photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage harmonic wave be reduced to predetermined threshold value gradually.
2. photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, (1) described step, specifically comprises:
The current flow factor with the front primary current factor initial value all equal 1, adjustment step-length equal less constant, in photovoltaic micro invertor operation, a phase voltage is gathered, after gathering the power frequency period time, carry out quick fft analysis, draw the total harmonic distortion of a phase voltage;
Judge be between 0 and 1, if be less than 0, then if be greater than 1, then if then show that in every phase feedback currents, filter inductance electric current proportion is large; If then show that in every phase feedback currents, filter capacitor electric current proportion is large; If then filter inductance electric current is identical with filter capacitor electric current proportion.
3. photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, describedly gathers a phase voltage, after gathering the power frequency period time, carry out quick fft analysis, draw the operation of the total harmonic distortion of a phase voltage, specifically comprise:
If first time calculates the total harmonic distortion THD of a phase voltage, then judge whether a phase voltage total harmonic distortion THD reaches GB, supposes to reach GB, then the current flow factor with the front primary current factor equal and remain unchanged; Suppose not reach GB, then
4. photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, describedly gathers a phase voltage, after gathering the power frequency period time, carry out quick fft analysis, draw the operation of the total harmonic distortion of a phase voltage, specifically also comprise:
If not first time calculates the total harmonic distortion THD of a phase voltage, then judge whether current a phase voltage total harmonic distortion THDn reaches GB:
Suppose to reach GB, then the current flow factor with the front primary current factor equal and remain unchanged;
Suppose not reach GB, then judge whether set up, if set up, then if be false, then
CN201410511037.0A 2014-09-28 2014-09-28 A kind of photovoltaic micro inverter output voltage control method Active CN104333206B (en)

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CN110649656A (en) * 2019-10-14 2020-01-03 国网山东省电力公司莱芜供电公司 Grid-connected system of photovoltaic power station
CN112670958A (en) * 2019-10-16 2021-04-16 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 Overcurrent protection method and device for output current of inverter

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CN101505109B (en) * 2009-02-27 2010-12-08 华中科技大学 Inverter electric power with instant voltage and current dual loop digital control
CN201616777U (en) * 2010-02-08 2010-10-27 南京国睿新能电子有限公司 Off-grid solar photovoltaic inverter
CN101950983A (en) * 2010-10-08 2011-01-19 天津理工大学 Two-stage photovoltaic grid-connected control system based on combination of pole allocation and repetitive control
CN102832642B (en) * 2012-09-12 2014-06-11 湖南大学 Control method of quality control system of micro source internetworking electric energy

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110649656A (en) * 2019-10-14 2020-01-03 国网山东省电力公司莱芜供电公司 Grid-connected system of photovoltaic power station
CN112670958A (en) * 2019-10-16 2021-04-16 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 Overcurrent protection method and device for output current of inverter

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