CN104330148A - Non-contact type cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument - Google Patents
Non-contact type cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN104330148A CN104330148A CN201410674270.0A CN201410674270A CN104330148A CN 104330148 A CN104330148 A CN 104330148A CN 201410674270 A CN201410674270 A CN 201410674270A CN 104330148 A CN104330148 A CN 104330148A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a non-contact type cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument. The non-contact type cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument comprises a shell, a measuring component and a fixing clamp which is fixed on a cable and connected to the shell, wherein the measuring component comprises a power source and a collection communication board both arranged on the shell, and a vibration detection sensor connected with the power source; the vibration detection sensor comprises a fixed end and a vibrating end; the vibrating end is fixed on the collection communication board and comprises a vibration measuring component and a vibration detecting circuit which are connected mutually; the fixed end comprises a fixed measuring component, a measuring rod and a support arm, all of which are arranged to have no contact with the vibration measuring component; the fixed measuring component, the measuring rod, the support arm and a cable clip are connected in sequence. Compared with the prior art, the non-contact type cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument has the advantages of exact number reading, long service life, simple structure, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument, especially relate to a kind of contactless cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument.
Background technology
Often exceed the aeolian vibration allowing amplitude during transmission line of electricity runs, cause the disconnected stock of circuit lead wire and earth wire fatigue, time serious, at full line will be replaced by new wire.Especially on large cross line, because span is large, hitch point is high and waters is open etc., the vibrational energy that hearsay is defeated by lead wire and earth wire increases greatly, once there is tired disconnected stock, will bring serious harm to electric power netting safe running.
Pole line aeolian vibration is the main cause of wire fatigue damage, and it is the major parameter representing fatigue damage degree that wire moves bending strain, and at the scene, bending amplitude is easier to measure, and therefore this method is widely adopted.
But there is following problem in the PAVIKA aeolian vibration sensor adopted at present:
1, the resistance strain gage work fatigue life-span is low, and resistance strain gage fatigue lifetime is about 100,000,000 times, calculates for 50 times according to average aeolian vibration p.s. of wire:
One hour vibration number=vps * 60 minutes * 60 seconds=180,000 times,
One day vibration number=vibration number * per hour 24 hours=4,320,000 times,
Month vibration number=every day vibration number * 30 days=1.296 hundred million times.
Therefore PAVIKA aeolian vibration working sensor mode is will remove replacing pick-up transducers after collection month data, and this design concept requires to greatly differ from each other apart from State Grid Corporation of China's reliability for 8 years.
2, the reliability of material of semi-girder is low, semi-girder material is 3J54 constant modulus alloy steel, thickness is about 2.5mm, be placed on field for a long time to use, can produce when surface treatment is bad and get rusty, some producer uses 17-4PH stainless steel, and Long-Time Service elasticity reduces, precision is forbidden, and is therefore also discontented with the requirement of sufficient Long-Time Service.
3, signal accuracy is low, and strain resistor bridge variable quantity is voltage signal, and signal is weak, in the unsuitable filtering of the variable noise of high-intensity magnetic field 50HZ alternating magnetic field, affects acquisition precision and analog-to-digital precision.Therefore the standard of this sensor acquisition precision be≤10%, when signal is more than more than 100Hz, resistance strain gage change is sluggish, and therefore sensor adopts subsection setup acquisition precision.The technical barrier of the bad solution of such sensor at present especially.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art exist defect and the contactless cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument that a kind of accuracy of reading, long service life, structure are simple, cost is low is provided.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of contactless cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument, comprise housing, measurement components and be fixed on the geometrical clamp be connected on cable and with housing, described measurement components comprises and is installed in power supply on housing and gathers communication board, and the vibration detecting sensor to be connected with power supply, described vibration detecting sensor, comprise stiff end and vibration end, described vibration end is fixed on and gathers on communication board, comprise interconnective vibration survey assembly and vibration detection circuit, described stiff end comprises the fixation measuring assembly arranged with the noncontact of vibration survey assembly, sounding rod and sway brace, described fixation measuring assembly, sounding rod, sway brace is connected successively with cable clamp.
Described vibration detecting sensor comprises grating sensor and capacitor grid transducer, and described vibration survey assembly comprises grating reading head and appearance grid move chi, and described fixation measuring assembly comprises grating scale version and holds grid scale.
Described power supply comprises the mass, piezo-electric generating sheet, generating sheet fixed head and the accumulator that connect successively, and described generating sheet fixed head is fixed on enclosure interior, is connected respectively by accumulator with vibration detection circuit and vibration survey assembly.
Described stiff end also comprises the seal in order to plugging meter bar and housing, and described seal comprises the upper cover plate, isolation cabin, lower cover and the antifreeze bowl that connect successively from top to bottom.
Described sounding rod is semi-circular lands, and described semicircle boss is connected with fixation measuring assembly with upper cover plate through antifreeze bowl, lower cover, isolation cabin successively, fills butter in the space that the described body of rod and isolation cabin are formed.
Described vibration detection circuit comprises the vibrating data collection unit, process chip and the radio transmitters that are connected with accumulator respectively, and described vibration survey assembly, vibrating data collection unit, process chip are connected successively with radio transmitters.
Distance between described geometrical clamp and cable clamp is 89mm.
The quantity of described mass and piezo-electric generating sheet is 6.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
One, accuracy of reading, by carrying out wireless transmission after grating and the direct reading numerical values process of capacitor grid transducer, need not carry out the transfer process of resistance-voltage-digital signal, the vibration data of acquisition is accurate.
Two, long service life, adopts contactless metering system and is equipped with seal and seal, and significantly reduce loss, serviceable life extends greatly.
Three, structure is simple, cost is low, and the piezo-electric generating sheet carried by inside receives the energy generating that cable vibration produces, in order to power to miscellaneous part, and saves energy, longevity of service.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of seal of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is battery structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein, 1, housing, 2, geometrical clamp, 3, communication board is gathered, 4, power supply, 5, cable clamp, 31, vibration survey assembly, 32, vibration survey assembly, 33, sounding rod, 34, sway brace, 35, seal, 41, mass, 42, piezo-electric generating sheet, 43, generate electricity sheet fixed head, and 44, accumulator, 351, upper cover plate, 352, isolation cabin, 353, lower cover, 354, antifreeze bowl.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of contactless cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument, comprise housing 1, measurement components and be fixed on the geometrical clamp 2 be connected on cable and with housing 1, described measurement components comprises and is installed in power supply on housing 14 and gathers communication board 3, and the vibration detecting sensor to be connected with power supply 4, it is characterized in that, described vibration detecting sensor, comprise stiff end and vibration end, described vibration end is fixed on and gathers on communication board, comprise interconnective vibration survey assembly 31 and vibration detection circuit, described stiff end comprises the fixation measuring assembly 32 arranged with vibration survey assembly 31 noncontact, sounding rod 33 and sway brace 34, described fixation measuring assembly 32, sounding rod 33, sway brace 34 is connected successively with cable clamp 5.
Described vibration detecting sensor comprises grating sensor and capacitor grid transducer, and described vibration survey assembly 31 comprises grating reading head and appearance grid move chi, and described fixation measuring assembly 32 comprises grating scale version and holds grid scale.
As shown in Figure 2, power supply 4 comprises the mass 41, piezo-electric generating sheet 42, generating sheet fixed head 43 and the accumulator 44 that connect successively, and generating sheet fixed head 43 is fixed on enclosure interior, is connected respectively by accumulator 44 with vibration detection circuit and vibration survey assembly 31.
Generating sheet fixed head 43 is arranged in sensor cylinder, and be divided into two panels installing plate, 6 pieces of piezo-electric generating sheets 42 installed by every sheet plate, data potsherd size 50*35*0.2 is provided according to producer, metal substrate size: 60*37*0.2, generating sheet crest voltage is 12V, and electric current is 10mA.Deformation mode: one end is fixed the other end and applied pressure, and free end range is 10mm; Can be generated electricity about 60mA peak point current under vibration frequency 50HZ.Aeolian vibration amplitude is 1.27mm (P-P), and own Oscillation Amplitude is no more than 3mm.For safety, designing free space is 10mm.
The electric charge that piezoelectric element produces is moment and replaces, provide energy with irregular random burst form, in power extraction process, there is damping effect, when energy of vibration is delivered to piezoelectric, electric energy is converted into due to piezoelectric effect, alternating voltage is produced at material internal, and when material internal resistance too large (being equivalent to open circuit) or resistance too little (being equivalent to short circuit), the electric energy produced does not disappear, again can be converted into energy of vibration, produce inverse piezoelectric effect, vibration damping can continue for some time.The electric charge that accumulated hinders the further generation of electric charge, therefore elder generation must accumulate enough energy in a ultracapacitor, then by change-over circuit by energy storage in battery.
Generating voltage after monomer piezo-electric generating sheet output AC current commutates is about DC10V, charges the battery through charging circuit through super capacitor voltage stabilizing.Parallel way composition power circuit is adopted to be DC10V/60mA according to the electric current of actual test vibration frequency when 40Hz.
State when process chip is in dormancy when not having an aeolian vibration, power consumption is 0.4uA, the power supply of grating or capacitor grid transducer is turned off during dormancy, piezo-electric generating sheet is when transmission pressure aeolian vibration, electric energy will be produced, phase inverter is designed with in voltage conversion circuit, this inverter design is before electric capacity, piezoelectric patches is made to start as just negative edge look-at-me can be produced during capacitor charging, while generating, trigger inverter is to process chip down trigger, 5uS's process chip starts to work on triggering that (aeolian vibration is according to the highest 150H, average each time of vibration is 100000/150=666uS).What export in wire aeolian vibration due to piezo-electric generating sheet is ac voltage signal, and therefore phase inverter can constantly send negative edge signal always, and process chip keeps duty.When aeolian vibration stops, piezo-electric generating sheet stops generating, and pulse signal stops sending negative edge signal, and process chip detects and stops data collection second not receiving negative edge signal 3.
As shown in Figure 3, aeolian vibration sensor is arranged on the ultra-high-tension power transmission line of field, environmentally the impact such as dust, moisture is larger, require when grating sensor is measured that grating surface can not have dust or fog impact, capacitor grid transducer measures requirement can not have two kinds of parameters to change simultaneously, namely can not change specific inductive capacity.If there is wet gas to invade, specific inductive capacity can be changed.Therefore this problem must be solved when adopting this new method.This programme devises seal, to ensure that wet gas and dust can not invade housing.During being in icing in the winter time, icing also will have influence on the measurement of aeolian vibration, and this programme also devises antifreeze bowl simultaneously, can resist icing impact to a certain extent.
Stiff end also comprises the seal 35 in order to plugging meter bar 33 and housing 1, seal 35 comprises the upper cover plate 351, isolation cabin 352, lower cover 353 and the antifreeze bowl 354 that connect successively from top to bottom, sounding rod 33 is semi-circular lands, semicircle boss is connected with fixation measuring assembly 32 with upper cover plate 351 through antifreeze bowl 354, lower cover 353, isolation cabin 352 successively, fills butter in the space that the body of rod and isolation cabin are formed.
Vibration detection circuit comprises the vibrating data collection unit, process chip and the radio transmitters that are connected with accumulator 44 respectively, and vibration survey assembly 31, vibrating data collection unit, process chip are connected successively with radio transmitters.
Distance between geometrical clamp 2 and cable clamp 5 is 89mm.
When wire vibrates with the wind, wire clamp also can be followed wire and be bobbed and woven, this swing can not be calculated as the amplitude of aeolian vibration in testing, it is the Oscillation Amplitude in different plane surveyings, with wire clamp place for geo-stationary point, with the Relative Vibration amplitude measured for oscillation point apart from wire clamp 89mm place and frequency.Namely more than wire clamp place upper and lower vibration displacements.
This acquisition principle is that geometrical clamp has been installed at distance wire clamp 89mm place and upper sensor is fixedly linked, 89mm place design fixed support (calculating by fixed support centre distance) on the right side of geometrical clamp, by semi-girder fixation measuring bar on support, sounding rod is installed grating scale or is held grid scale (sounding rod and cofferdam seal friction, damping effect are within 2N) on sounding rod after entering sensor by cofferdam, vibration survey assembly is installed on chi side or appearance grid move chi.Be more or less than the amplitude drive sensor outer housing up-down vibration of wire clamp apart from wire clamp 89mm place geometrical clamp during vibration, the read head of grating sensor or the dynamic chi of capacitor grid transducer carry out displacement measurement to grating scale or appearance grid scale, its change in displacement is relative amplitude, and according to direction change calculations vibration frequency.This method and the aeolian vibration new method of measuring utilizing grating or hold that grid use metal support carries out the aeolian vibration of vertical size contrast digital measurement.
The feature of this collection measuring method:
Direct measurement: geometrical clamp amplitude variations is contrasted automatically by sensor outer housing and coil holder place, unchangedly can not measure, and changes and directly measures.The vibration of moment also can be measured.
Digitized measurement: grating or appearance grid carry out measurement by grid or grid chi and are direct digital measurement.
Non-cpntact measurement: grating is launched and reflection receivable non-cpntact measurement by dynamic chi grid by raster grid, appearance grid, and measuring accuracy is further enhanced.
Method of testing is ripe.No matter be that grating or appearance grid are ripe measurement scheme at present,
This collection measuring method has following difference with the sensor of aeolian vibration in the past acquisition principle:
The first, converted measurement is become direct measurement, the past is change Oscillation Amplitude being converted to semi-girder power, changes corresponding amplitude variations and measures, and be Relative Vibration changes in amplitude directly measured now by force value.
The second, analog-to-digital conversion measurement is become digital measurement, past force value changes the change in voltage causing resistance bridge to export by resistance strain gage change in resistance, then carry out AD conversion according to change voltage and gather Oscillation Amplitude, this method adopts grating or holds grid chi directly carries out digital measurement, measurement result is exactly directly numeral, decreases transformed error.
Three, contact measurement is transferred to non-cpntact measurement: the past adopts semi-girder to be directly pressed in Oscillation Amplitude and the vibration frequency of perception 2 wires on wire, now by grating or appearance grid chi interval about 1mm non-cpntact measurement (vibration survey assembly and grating, dynamic chi and scale); Reduce friction, improve reliability and measuring accuracy, the life cycle of increase.
Four, the current measuring accuracy of grating sensor generally can reach 10uM, and what precision was higher can reach 0.5uM., and calculate according to 1.27mm (p-p), general grating displacement sensor measuring accuracy can reach more than 1%.What precision was high can reach 3/1000ths.
Claims (8)
1. a contactless cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument, comprise housing (1), measurement components and be fixed on the geometrical clamp (2) be connected on cable and with housing (1), described measurement components comprises and is installed in power supply (4) on housing (1) and gathers communication board (3), and the vibration detecting sensor to be connected with power supply (4), it is characterized in that, described vibration detecting sensor, comprise stiff end and vibration end, described vibration end is fixed on and gathers on communication board, comprise interconnective vibration survey assembly (31) and vibration detection circuit, described stiff end comprises the fixation measuring assembly (32) arranged with vibration survey assembly (31) noncontact, sounding rod (33) and sway brace (34), described fixation measuring assembly (32), sounding rod (33), sway brace (34) is connected successively with cable clamp (5).
2. one according to claim 1 contactless cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument, it is characterized in that, described vibration detecting sensor comprises grating sensor and capacitor grid transducer, described vibration survey assembly (31) comprises grating reading head and appearance grid move chi, and described fixation measuring assembly (32) comprises grating scale version and holds grid scale.
3. one according to claim 1 contactless cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument, it is characterized in that, described power supply (4) comprise connect successively mass (41), piezo-electric generating sheet (42), generating sheet fixed head (43) and accumulator (44), described generating sheet fixed head (43) is fixed on enclosure interior, is connected respectively by accumulator (44) with vibration detection circuit and vibration survey assembly (31).
4. one according to claim 1 contactless cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument, it is characterized in that, described stiff end also comprises the seal (35) in order to plugging meter bar (33) and housing (1), and described seal (35) comprises the upper cover plate (351), isolation cabin (352), lower cover (353) and the antifreeze bowl (354) that connect successively from top to bottom.
5. one according to claim 4 contactless cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument, it is characterized in that, described sounding rod (33) is semi-circular lands, described semicircle boss is connected with fixation measuring assembly (32) with upper cover plate (351) through antifreeze bowl (354), lower cover (353), isolation cabin (352) successively, fills butter in the space that the described body of rod and isolation cabin are formed.
6. one according to claim 1 contactless cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument, it is characterized in that, described vibration detection circuit comprises the vibrating data collection unit, process chip and the radio transmitters that are connected with accumulator (44) respectively, and described vibration survey assembly (31), vibrating data collection unit, process chip are connected successively with radio transmitters.
7. one according to claim 1 contactless cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument, is characterized in that, the distance between described geometrical clamp (2) and cable clamp (5) is 89mm.
8. one according to claim 2 contactless cable aeolian vibration measuring instrument, is characterized in that, described mass (41) and the quantity of piezo-electric generating sheet (42) are 6.
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