CN104328463A - Chromium-plating method for iron-based powder metallurgical material - Google Patents
Chromium-plating method for iron-based powder metallurgical material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104328463A CN104328463A CN201410570918.XA CN201410570918A CN104328463A CN 104328463 A CN104328463 A CN 104328463A CN 201410570918 A CN201410570918 A CN 201410570918A CN 104328463 A CN104328463 A CN 104328463A
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- iron
- powder metallurgy
- base powder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
- C25D3/10—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium characterised by the organic bath constituents used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a chromium-plating method for an iron-based powder metallurgical material. The chromium-plating method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing pretreatment on the iron-based powder metallurgical material to remove surface greasy dirt; immersing the pretreated iron-based powder metallurgical material into an activating fluid to perform activation, wherein the activating fluid is a mixed liquid of nitric acid, sodium sulfide, sodium ethylate, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid and water in a mass ratio of 5 to 1 to 1 to 3 to 3 to 10; taking out the activated iron-based powder metallurgical material and performing vacuum drying; and finally, performing chromium-plating on the vacuum-dried iron-based powder metallurgical material, wherein an electroplating liquid is a mixed liquid of chromite, potassium sulfate, boric acid, thiosemicarbazide, iminodiacetic acid and sodium fluoborate, and the electroplating conditions are that the pH value is 4.0-5.0, the temperature is 25-30 DEG C, the current density is 6-12A/dm<2> and the thickness of the clad layer is 6-10 mu m. A chromium-plated component clad layer obtained by the chromium-plating method for the iron-based powder metallurgical material disclosed by the invention has good binding force and anticorrosive stability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal plating technique field, be specifically related to a kind of iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method.
Background technology
Chromium is a kind of micro-bluish silvery white metal, relative atomic mass 51.99, density 6.98-7.21g/cm
3, fusing point is 1875-1920 DEG C, and chromium metal is very easily passivation in atmosphere, and surface forms the very thin passive film of one deck, thus demonstrates the character of precious metal.
Chromium coating has very high hardness, different with processing condition according to solution composition, and its hardness can change in 400-1200HV very on a large scale.Chromium coating has good thermotolerance, and heat below 500 DEG C, its glossiness, hardness have no significant change, and temperature is greater than 500 DEG C and starts oxidation stain, is greater than 700 DEG C of hardness and starts to reduce.The frictional coefficient of chromium coating is little, particularly dry friction coefficient, is minimum in all metals.So chromium coating tool has good wearability.
Chromium coating has good chemical stability, does not all have an effect in alkali, sulfide, nitric acid and most of organic acid, but can be dissolved in the sulfuric acid of spirit of salt (example hydrochloric acid) and heat.
Because chromium coating has excellent performance, be widely used as extexine and the functional coating of protective coating system, in electroplating industry, account for consequence always.Along with the development of science and technology and people are to the attention increasingly of environment protection; the basis of conventional chromate is developed the novel process such as tiny crack and micropore chromium, black chromium, porosity chromium, low concentration chromium plating, high-level efficiency hard chrome plating, trivalent chromium chrome plating, rare-earth chromium plating in succession, the range of application of chromium coating is expanded further.
Although the chromium plating of metal current material has been applied for many years, there is binding force of cladding material inadequate, compactness of electroplating is inadequate, and under life-time service stability, degradation problem, therefore requires further improvement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method to overcome above the deficiencies in the prior art, improving the binding ability of plated film and rustless property and stability.
The present invention is realized by following technique means:
A kind of iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method, comprises the following steps:
Step one, shows iron-base powder metallurgy material to carry out pre-treatment, and removing shows greasy dirt;
Step 2, immersed in activation solution by pretreated iron-base powder metallurgy material and activate, wherein activation solution is the mass ratio of nitric acid, sodium sulphite, sodium ethylate, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid and water is the mixed solution of 5:1:1:3:3:10;
Step 3, takes out the iron-base powder metallurgy material after activation, vacuum-drying under 60-80 DEG C of condition;
Step 4, iron-base powder metallurgy material after vacuum-drying is carried out chromium plating, and electroplate liquid is the mixed solution of chromite, potassium sulfate, boric acid, thiosemicarbazide, iminodiethanoic acid and Sodium tetrafluoroborate, and plating conditions is pH4.0-5.0, temperature 25-30 DEG C, current density 6-12A/dm
2, thickness of coating 6-10 μm.
Described iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method, in step one, pretreatment process can for immerse in the mixed solution of machinery oil, sodium allylsulfonate and sodium laurylsulfonate that mass ratio is 50:3-6:1-5 by iron-base powder metallurgy material, soak 30-60 minute, and then iron-base powder metallurgy material is shown clean up with water.
Described iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method, in step 2, in activation solution, nitric acid is mass concentration can be the salpeter solution of 30-35%, and acetic acid is Glacial acetic acid.
Described iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method, in step 2, activation condition can be temperature 50-60 DEG C, time 50-100 minute.
Described iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method, in step 4, in electroplate liquid, each concentration of component can be chromite 50-80g/L, potassium sulfate 5-8g/L respectively, boric acid 30-40g/L, thiosemicarbazide 2-8g/L, iminodiethanoic acid 4-10g/L, Sodium tetrafluoroborate 8-15g/L.
Described iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method, in step 4, pH regulator can use sodium bicarbonate or Glacial acetic acid.
The chrome-plated part coating that iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method provided by the invention obtains and matrix truncation surface peel off without peeling, nothing, deposit a month rear surface rete and matrix cross section non-corroding, have satisfactory stability.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method, comprises the following steps:
Step one, iron-base powder metallurgy material is shown carry out pre-treatment, concrete grammar can for immerse in the mixed solution of machinery oil, sodium allylsulfonate and sodium laurylsulfonate that mass ratio is 50:3:1 by iron-base powder metallurgy material, soak 30 minutes, and then iron-base powder metallurgy material is shown to clean up with water, removing shows greasy dirt;
Step 2, pretreated iron-base powder metallurgy material is immersed in activation solution and activates, activation condition is temperature 50 C, 50 minutes time, activation solution is the mass ratio of nitric acid, sodium sulphite, sodium ethylate, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid and water is the mixed solution of 5:1:1:3:3:10, wherein nitric acid is the salpeter solution of mass concentration 30%, and acetic acid is Glacial acetic acid;
Step 3, takes out the iron-base powder metallurgy material after activation, vacuum-drying under 60 DEG C of conditions;
Step 4, iron-base powder metallurgy material after vacuum-drying is carried out chromium plating, and electroplate liquid is the mixed solution of chromite, potassium sulfate, boric acid, thiosemicarbazide, iminodiethanoic acid and Sodium tetrafluoroborate, and each concentration of component is chromite 50g/L, potassium sulfate 5g/L, boric acid 30g/L, thiosemicarbazide 2g/L, iminodiethanoic acid 4g/L, Sodium tetrafluoroborate 8g/L, plating conditions is pH4.0, temperature 25 DEG C, current density 6A/dm
2, thickness of coating 6 μm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method, comprises the following steps:
Step one, iron-base powder metallurgy material is shown carry out pre-treatment, concrete grammar can for immerse in the mixed solution of machinery oil, sodium allylsulfonate and sodium laurylsulfonate that mass ratio is 50:4:2 by iron-base powder metallurgy material, soak 40 minutes, and then iron-base powder metallurgy material is shown to clean up with water, removing shows greasy dirt;
Step 2, pretreated iron-base powder metallurgy material is immersed in activation solution and activates, activation condition is temperature 52 DEG C, 60 minutes time, activation solution is the mass ratio of nitric acid, sodium sulphite, sodium ethylate, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid and water is the mixed solution of 5:1:1:3:3:10, wherein nitric acid is the salpeter solution of mass concentration 32%, and acetic acid is Glacial acetic acid;
Step 3, takes out the iron-base powder metallurgy material after activation, vacuum-drying under 65 DEG C of conditions;
Step 4, iron-base powder metallurgy material after vacuum-drying is carried out chromium plating, and electroplate liquid is the mixed solution of chromite, potassium sulfate, boric acid, thiosemicarbazide, iminodiethanoic acid and Sodium tetrafluoroborate, and each concentration of component is chromite 60g/L, potassium sulfate 6g/L, boric acid 32g/L, thiosemicarbazide 3g/L, iminodiethanoic acid 5g/L, Sodium tetrafluoroborate 10g/L, plating conditions is pH4.2, temperature 26 DEG C, current density 8A/dm
2, thickness of coating 7 μm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method, comprises the following steps:
Step one, iron-base powder metallurgy material is shown carry out pre-treatment, concrete grammar can for immerse in the mixed solution of machinery oil, sodium allylsulfonate and sodium laurylsulfonate that mass ratio is 50:5:4 by iron-base powder metallurgy material, soak 50 minutes, and then iron-base powder metallurgy material is shown to clean up with water, removing shows greasy dirt;
Step 2, pretreated iron-base powder metallurgy material is immersed in activation solution and activates, activation condition is temperature 56 DEG C, 80 minutes time, activation solution is the mass ratio of nitric acid, sodium sulphite, sodium ethylate, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid and water is the mixed solution of 5:1:1:3:3:10, wherein nitric acid is the salpeter solution of mass concentration 33%, and acetic acid is Glacial acetic acid;
Step 3, takes out the iron-base powder metallurgy material after activation, vacuum-drying under 70 DEG C of conditions;
Step 4, iron-base powder metallurgy material after vacuum-drying is carried out chromium plating, and electroplate liquid is the mixed solution of chromite, potassium sulfate, boric acid, thiosemicarbazide, iminodiethanoic acid and Sodium tetrafluoroborate, and each concentration of component is chromite 65g/L, potassium sulfate 7g/L, boric acid 36g/L, thiosemicarbazide 5g/L, iminodiethanoic acid 7g/L, Sodium tetrafluoroborate 12g/L, plating conditions is pH4.5, temperature 28 DEG C, current density 9A/dm
2, thickness of coating 8 μm.
Embodiment 4
A kind of iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method, comprises the following steps:
Step one, iron-base powder metallurgy material is shown carry out pre-treatment, concrete grammar can for immerse in the mixed solution of machinery oil, sodium allylsulfonate and sodium laurylsulfonate that mass ratio is 50:5:4 by iron-base powder metallurgy material, soak 55 minutes, and then iron-base powder metallurgy material is shown to clean up with water, removing shows greasy dirt;
Step 2, pretreated iron-base powder metallurgy material is immersed in activation solution and activates, activation condition is temperature 58 DEG C, 90 minutes time, activation solution is the mass ratio of nitric acid, sodium sulphite, sodium ethylate, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid and water is the mixed solution of 5:1:1:3:3:10, wherein nitric acid is the salpeter solution of mass concentration 34%, and acetic acid is Glacial acetic acid;
Step 3, takes out the iron-base powder metallurgy material after activation, vacuum-drying under 75 DEG C of conditions;
Step 4, iron-base powder metallurgy material after vacuum-drying is carried out chromium plating, and electroplate liquid is the mixed solution of chromite, potassium sulfate, boric acid, thiosemicarbazide, iminodiethanoic acid and Sodium tetrafluoroborate, and each concentration of component is chromite 75g/L, potassium sulfate 7g/L, boric acid 38g/L, thiosemicarbazide 7g/L, iminodiethanoic acid 8g/L, Sodium tetrafluoroborate 13g/L, plating conditions is pH4.8, temperature 28 DEG C, current density 10A/dm
2, thickness of coating 10 μm.
Embodiment 5
A kind of iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method, comprises the following steps:
Step one, iron-base powder metallurgy material is shown carry out pre-treatment, concrete grammar can for immerse in the mixed solution of machinery oil, sodium allylsulfonate and sodium laurylsulfonate that mass ratio is 50:6:5 by iron-base powder metallurgy material, soak 60 minutes, and then iron-base powder metallurgy material is shown to clean up with water, removing shows greasy dirt;
Step 2, pretreated iron-base powder metallurgy material is immersed in activation solution and activates, activation condition is temperature 60 C, 100 minutes time, activation solution is the mass ratio of nitric acid, sodium sulphite, sodium ethylate, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid and water is the mixed solution of 5:1:1:3:3:10, wherein nitric acid is the salpeter solution of mass concentration 35%, and acetic acid is Glacial acetic acid;
Step 3, takes out the iron-base powder metallurgy material after activation, vacuum-drying under 80 DEG C of conditions;
Step 4, iron-base powder metallurgy material after vacuum-drying is carried out chromium plating, and electroplate liquid is the mixed solution of chromite, potassium sulfate, boric acid, thiosemicarbazide, iminodiethanoic acid and Sodium tetrafluoroborate, and each concentration of component is chromite 80g/L, potassium sulfate 8g/L, boric acid 40g/L, thiosemicarbazide 8g/L, iminodiethanoic acid 10g/L, Sodium tetrafluoroborate 15g/L, plating conditions is pH5.0, temperature 30 DEG C, current density 12A/dm
2, thickness of coating 10 μm.
In above embodiment, pH regulator uses sodium bicarbonate or Glacial acetic acid.
The part of the plating layers of chrome above embodiment prepared adopts its thickness of Metallography method determination, adopt the scratch method of GB5270, bending method test bonding force, deposit test part overlay coating after month and whether have rust spot, and detect matrix cross section after cutting and whether have corrosion, concrete outcome is as follows:
As can be seen from above testing data, the chrome-plated part coating that iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method provided by the invention obtains and matrix truncation surface peel off without peeling, nothing, deposit a month rear surface rete and matrix cross section non-corroding, have satisfactory stability.
Claims (6)
1. an iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step one, shows iron-base powder metallurgy material to carry out pre-treatment, and removing shows greasy dirt;
Step 2, immersed in activation solution by pretreated iron-base powder metallurgy material and activate, wherein activation solution is the mass ratio of nitric acid, sodium sulphite, sodium ethylate, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid and water is the mixed solution of 5:1:1:3:3:10;
Step 3, takes out the iron-base powder metallurgy material after activation, vacuum-drying under 60-80 DEG C of condition;
Step 4, iron-base powder metallurgy material after vacuum-drying is carried out chromium plating, and electroplate liquid is the mixed solution of chromite, potassium sulfate, boric acid, thiosemicarbazide, iminodiethanoic acid and Sodium tetrafluoroborate, and plating conditions is pH4.0-5.0, temperature 25-30 DEG C, current density 6-12A/dm
2, thickness of coating 6-10 μm.
2. iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step one, pretreatment process is immersed by iron-base powder metallurgy material in the mixed solution of machinery oil, sodium allylsulfonate and sodium laurylsulfonate that mass ratio is 50:3-6:1-5, soak 30-60 minute, and then iron-base powder metallurgy material is shown clean up with water.
3. iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the salpeter solution of nitric acid to be mass concentration be 30-35% in activation solution in step 2, acetic acid is Glacial acetic acid.
4. iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 2, activation condition is temperature 50-60 DEG C, time 50-100 minute.
5. iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 4, in electroplate liquid, each concentration of component is respectively chromite 50-80g/L, potassium sulfate 5-8g/L, boric acid 30-40g/L, thiosemicarbazide 2-8g/L, iminodiethanoic acid 4-10g/L, Sodium tetrafluoroborate 8-15g/L.
6. iron-base powder metallurgy material chrome-plating method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step 4, pH regulator uses sodium bicarbonate or Glacial acetic acid.
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| CN201410570918.XA CN104328463A (en) | 2014-10-23 | 2014-10-23 | Chromium-plating method for iron-based powder metallurgical material |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114061495A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-18 | 中国电子技术标准化研究院 | Method for measuring thickness of gold-plated layer of fuzz button contact |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114061495A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-18 | 中国电子技术标准化研究院 | Method for measuring thickness of gold-plated layer of fuzz button contact |
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