CN104326617B - A kind of energy-conservation difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater advanced treatment system and processing method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of energy-conservation difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater advanced treatment system and processing method thereof Download PDF

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CN104326617B
CN104326617B CN201410714588.7A CN201410714588A CN104326617B CN 104326617 B CN104326617 B CN 104326617B CN 201410714588 A CN201410714588 A CN 201410714588A CN 104326617 B CN104326617 B CN 104326617B
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CN104326617A (en
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康兴生
马涛
张波
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/445—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by forward osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/001—Upstream control, i.e. monitoring for predictive control
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/02—Temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions

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  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of energy-conservation difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater treating system and processing method thereof, this system includes forward osmosis membrane enrichment facility and multi-effect evaporator, forward osmosis membrane enrichment facility includes the airtight commuting case of FO film, draw liquid recycle device and clean water recovery device, the airtight commuting case of FO film is at least provided with one-level, draw liquid recycle device to be connected respectively through electrically operated valve with the airtight commuting cases of FO film at different levels, clean water recovery device is connected with drawing liquid recycle device, the airtight commuting cases of FO film at different levels pass sequentially through discharge opeing electrically operated valve and connect, and be connected with mother solution incinerator each through surmounting electrically operated valve.The method is for the hyperosmosis characteristic of difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater, by prepare colligative property higher draw liquid, the permeable pressure head utilizing colligative properties of solution difference to bring, makes difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater obtain recycle and reuse water resource while efficient concentration, produces electric energy；Running realizes automatic interlock control, can adjust the method for operation according to different flow conditions.

Description

A kind of energy-conservation difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater advanced treatment system and processing method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of advanced treatment system for difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater and processing method thereof, belong to waste water advanced Treatment process field.
Background technology
Water pollution problems is one of main Environmental Problems of facing of China.According to statistics, industrial wastewater has accounted for more than 70 the percent of total sewage quantity, and in industrial wastewater, the overwhelming majority broadly falls into the organic wastewater of high concentration.High concentrated organic wastewater is mainly derived from the COD concentration waste water at more than 2000mg/L of the industry discharges such as papermaking, leather, food and chemical industry, be referred to as the organic wastewater of difficult degradation in organic wastewater containing the contaminant water of biodegradable organic compounds, hardly degraded organic substance is commonly referred to as under microorganism or specified conditions all can not fast decoupled or decompose halfway Organic substance.The form that this pollutant exists always is enriched with in vivo, and water body causes potential danger and pollution.
The chemical constitution existed according to Organic Pollutants In Water and the difference of its characteristic, people are broadly divided into following classification the organic pollution of difficult degradation: the aliphatic hydrocarbon of halo and ester, organic chlorinated compound, have the compound of mono-cyclic aromatic character, phenols and cresol class etc..
Organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby is typically of feature and all includes the following aspects, namely the molecular weight of pollutant is relatively large, the toxicity of pollutant is relatively strong, the structure of pollutant and composition relative complex, pollutant are present in that the COD in water body is general higher, in water body the simple microorganism existed cannot effectively these pollutant be decomposed.And extended residual in water body, biological accumulation, half volatile and high toxicity are the main features of pollutant in these difficult degradation organic chemical waste waters.High concentration, difficult degradation Organic substance why can in the increasing character being because its high liposoluble of the concentration in organism in water body.Additionally, for some special high concentration, biodegradable organic compounds, the volatility of himself is a big feature, therefore arbitrarily can drift about in nature, will be bigger to the intractability of this pollutant.
The harm of high concentration hard-degraded organic waste water is mainly reflected in its harm to human body and environment, such polluter all has carcinogenic or toxicity, and through years of researches, people have summed up high concentration, the organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby main harm to human body, can be divided into acute hazard, chronic hazard and potential hazard according to the degree difference of harm.
Acute hazard refers to the feature that can just embody morbidity or intoxicating with this kind of material after human body contacts at short notice；And this kind of polluter the chronic hazard of human body is generally referred to human body through with the Long Term Contact of this kind of material after, and this toxoid have accumulated in vivo a certain amount of after just there will be the feature of pathological changes, therefore to be also called savings poisoning in chronic hazard.
Owing to high concentration difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater is serious to water environment pollution degree and intractability big, therefore the research of high concentration difficult for biological degradation Technologies for Organic Wastewater Treatment is always up the emphasis of water technology research.Through years of researches and summary, high concentration, organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby have been had more deep understanding by people, also the major measure of this kind of waste water of effective process has been probed into out, be typically all following some: chemical oxidization method, solvent extraction, absorption method, photocatalytic method and biochemical treatment process etc., wherein biologic treating technique better economy in processing the industry organic wastewaters such as pesticide, pharmacy, printing, and secondary pollution will not be produced.Applying biological treatment technology carries out high concentration hard-degraded organic waste water process, and its method is mainly aerobe, Anaerobe, enzyme biologic treating technique and fermentation engineering.Chemical treatment method is then build on the basis of the principles of chemistry and chemical action, pollutant component in high concentration difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater is changed into innocuous substance, reaching to purify the purpose of waste water, conventional method is burning method, catalytic oxidation, electrochemical oxidation process etc..
Pollutants in Wastewater, when processing high concentration waste water difficult for biological degradation and processing, is realized purifying target by materializing strategy technology by phase transfer change, relatively broad with extraction application.Extraction carries out high concentration hard-degraded organic waste water, and it is less costly, simple to operate, it is possible to efficient recovery major pollutants, the application of especially pulse extraction technology, and its effect is better.
The existence of these methods opens new road to the process of high concentration, difficult degradation organic chemical waste water, but these methods also have the pluses and minuses of himself.
Chinese patent literature CN102381812A is disclosed, and " one utilizes O3The method of catalytic oxidation advanced treating difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater and device ", CN103539296A disclosed " processing method and the device thereof of high concentration difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater " and CN1264761C disclosed " difficult for biological degradation method for processing organic wastewater and device thereof ", complex technical process, cost is high, and treatment effect has much room for improvement.
For this reason, it is necessary to reanalyse the characteristic of difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater, on the basis of biochemical treatment, develop difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater further treatment technique energy-conservation, efficient.
Osmosis is that the solution of two kinds of variable concentrations is every passing through the phenomenon semipermeable membrane entrance highly concentrated solution with semipermeable membrane (allowing solvent molecule to pass through, not allow the film that solute molecule passes through), hydrone or other solvent molecule from the solution of low concentration.The condition of its generation has two: one to be have semipermeable membrane, and two is that semipermeable membrane both sides have substance withdrawl syndrome poor.
Osmosis can be divided into again just permeates (FO), reverse osmosis (RO) and pressure damping infiltration (PRO).
(FO) process of just permeating is with the permeable pressure head of semipermeable membrane both sides for driving force, hydrone in solution is transmitted to low water chemistry gesture district (high ion concentration solution) from high water chemistry gesture district (low ion concns solution) by semipermeable membrane, and a kind of process of osmosis that solute molecule or ion are blocked.
Reverse osmosis (RO) process, is a kind of with pressure differential for motive force, isolates the membrance separation operation of solvent from solution.Because it is in opposite direction with what just permeating, therefore claims reverse osmosis.The osmotic pressure difference of different material can be utilized, use more than the reverse osmosis pressure of osmotic pressure, reach the purpose of separation, extraction, purification and concentration.
Pressure damping infiltration (PRO) is between just permeating the pilot process with reverse osmosis process, refer to that the in the reverse direction at permeable pressure head applies pressure, similar to reverse osmosis process, but hydrone remains and is diffused into high ion concentration side, similar to positive process of osmosis.
The colligative property that weak solution (comprises difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater) refers to the numerical value of the reduction of the vapor pressure lowering of solvent in weak solution, freezing point, the elevation of boiling point and osmotic pressure, only relevant with the amount of solute in solution, unrelated with the person's character of solute, colligative properties of solution draws liquid for exploitation special type and provides theoretical foundation, as long as namely configuration is necessarily colligative draws liquid, make its osmotic pressure higher than pending difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater, utilize osmosis, it is possible to concentrated further by difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater.
For this, need badly on the basis of biochemical treatment, develop energy-conservation difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater advanced treatment system, osmosis is utilized especially just to permeate the permeable pressure head that (FO) effect brings with colligative properties of solution difference, realize while difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater effectively disposes, recycles water resource, make full use of and just permeate the pressure reduction acquisition electric energy that (FO) produces, save the energy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency that existing difficult for biological degradation Technologies for Organic Wastewater Treatment exists, according to the characteristic of difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater after biochemical treatment, utilize colligative properties of solution, it is provided that a kind of high treating effect, energy-conservation difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater advanced treatment system.This system a kind of deep treatment method to difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater is provided simultaneously.
The energy-conservation difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater advanced treatment system of the present invention, by the following technical solutions:
This system, including forward osmosis membrane enrichment facility and mother solution incinerator, forward osmosis membrane enrichment facility includes the airtight commuting case of FO film, draws liquid recycle device and clean water recovery device, the airtight commuting case of FO film is at least provided with one-level, draw liquid recycle device to be connected respectively through electrically operated valve with the airtight commuting cases of FO film at different levels, clean water recovery device is connected with drawing liquid recycle device, the airtight commuting cases of FO film at different levels pass sequentially through discharge opeing electrically operated valve and connect, and are connected with mother solution incinerator each through surmounting electrically operated valve.Mother solution incinerator is configured with combustion-supporting fuel (natural gas, diesel oil or coke-stove gas etc.) burner and exhaust gas cleaner.
The inside of the airtight commuting case of FO film arranges membrane component, and membrane component will be divided into mother solution district and draws liquid zone inside airtight for FO film commuting case, the top in mother solution district is provided with water inlet pipe, this water inlet pipe is provided with into water electrically operated valve；In the airtight commuting case of upper level FO film, the bottom in mother solution district is connected with the top in mother solution district in the next stage airtight commuting case of FO film by discharge opeing electrically operated valve, and in every airtight commuting case of one-level FO film, the bottom in mother solution district is connected with mother solution incinerator each through surmounting electrically operated valve simultaneously；Drawing the top of liquid zone in every airtight commuting case of one-level FO film and be connected with the liquid commuting case that draws drawing in liquid recycle device respectively through drawing liquid conveying pipe, the respective liquid that draws is carried to be provided with on pipe and is drawn liquid outlet electric valve door；Every airtight commuting case of one-level FO film draws the bottom of liquid zone be provided with and draw liquid and compensate electrically operated valve, and compensate pipe is connected by draw liquid between liquid compensation box with drawing drawing in liquid recycle device, draw liquid and compensate pipe is connected to and draw liquid compensation pump.
Draw the outside of liquid zone be provided with connect draw upper and lower, liquid zone draw liquid circulation pipe, draw liquid circulation pipe is provided with and draw liquid circulating pump.By draw liquid circulating pump will draw liquid drawing upper and lower, liquid zone formed circulation.
Mother solution district is provided with agitator and temperature-adjusting device with drawing in liquid zone.
Mother solution district is provided with COD on-line computing model, draws liquid zone and is provided with ionometer.
Draw liquid recycle device to include drawing liquid commuting case, draw liquid intermediate box, draw liquid multi-effect evaporator, draw liquid dissolving case, draw liquid compensation box and molten medicine-chest, draw liquid commuting case top and be provided with commuting case electrically operated valve and commuting case electric-powered air release valve, and be connected with drawing liquid intermediate box by commuting case electrically operated valve；Draw the bottom of liquid commuting case surmount pipe electrically operated valve by commuting case and draw liquid intermediate box and be connected；Draw liquid intermediate box top and be provided with intermediate box electric-powered air release valve, draw liquid intermediate box and draw liquid multi-effect evaporator and be connected；Draw liquid dissolving case to be connected with drawing liquid multi-effect evaporator,；The bottom drawing liquid compensation box is connected with the bottom drawing liquid dissolving case by compensation box import electrically operated valve；The bottom of molten medicine-chest is connected with the bottom drawing liquid compensation box by molten medicine outlet electric valve door.
Draw in liquid dissolving case and molten medicine-chest and be provided with agitator and ionometer.
Draw in liquid compensation box and be provided with ionometer.
Clean water device includes filtered water tank, clarified water pump and clear water pipe, and filtered water tank is connected with drawing liquid multi-effect evaporator, and clear water pipe is connected with filtered water tank, and clarified water pump is connected on clear water pipe, and clear water pipe is connected with molten medicine-chest.
Said system, also include infiltration energy utilization device, this device includes airtight rotor casing and turbine generation unit, turbine wheel it is provided with in rotor casing, turbine wheel is connected with turbine generation unit, the bottom of rotor casing is provided with rotor casing electric-powered air release valve, and rotor casing is connected with drawing liquid commuting case by rotor casing water inlet electrically operated valve, while rotor casing also with draw liquid intermediate box and be connected.
The processing method of said system, be:
First infiltration substance withdrawl syndrome (the ionic state amount of substance in solution and the molecular state amount of substance sum) S of analytical calculation difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater1According to required osmotic pressure (△ π, by whether determining for actual demands such as generatings), (with the approximate conversion of COD on-line computing model video data in running), show that the required airtight commuting case of first order FO film draws the ion concentration J of liquid1, J1More than S1, and draw the progression n of the airtight commuting case of FO film of needs and the number i of every grade of airtight commuting case of FO film；Then pass through and draw liquid recycle device preparation ion concentration J1Draw liquid, make to draw liquid and be full of the airtight commuting case of first order FO film；Open difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater water inlet electrically operated valve, difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater flows in the airtight commuting case of first order FO film, exchange with drawing liquid, make the hydrone in difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater freely reach and draw liquid, after dilution, the liquid that draws of volume increase realizes drawing liquid solute (normally gaseous) and the separation of water (solvent) by the multi-effect evaporator drawing in liquid recycle device, realize drawing the recycling and reuse of liquid solute, unnecessary water enters clean water device, it is achieved the recycling of water resource；Difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater is concentrated by the airtight commuting case of FO film step by step, finally cannot reconcentration or as required without further concentrate (general COD is when more than 600000mg/L) mother solution enter mother solution incinerator carry out burning disposal.
The present invention is directed to the hyperosmosis characteristic of difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater, by prepare colligative property higher draw liquid, the permeable pressure head utilizing colligative properties of solution difference to bring, while making difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater obtain efficient concentration, recycle and reuse water resource, produces electric energy；Meanwhile, running realizes automatic interlock control, can adjust the method for operation according to different flow conditions, it is simple to implement.Have the following characteristics that
1. make full use of colligative properties of solution, by prepare colligative property higher draw liquid (such as NH4HCO3Deng), utilize the Thief zone pressure reduction of itself and difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater, it is achieved while difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater efficient concentration, recyclable great lot of water resources；
2. it is big that the FO film adopted has membrane flux, the characteristic that concentration polarization phenomenon is few, can ensure the smooth realization of infiltration function；
3. the mother solution incinerator adopted is common apparatus, and special disposal high concentrated organic waste liquid utilizes high temperature (850-1100 DEG C) pyrolysis, can the fully Organic substance in decomposing wasting liquid and hazardous compound chloride, benzene, phenols, and have the following characteristics that
(1) tiny structure design, combustion safety is high, is provided with in stove and is not excluded for, before igniting, the function that flammable explosive gas cannot be lighted a fire, with gas explosion-proof in control program；
(2) automaticity is high, comprehensive online detection and control, flameholding.
(3) adopt atomizing lance, spray imperceptible granule, it is ensured that gasify in the air in stove, oxidation Decomposition, will not drip.
(4) adopting tangent line combustion atomization device internal mix formula twin fluid atomization device, its mixability, atomizing effect burning velocity is high, and excess air is low, can save a large amount of fuel.
(5) venturi effect is good, and the burning holdup time reaches more than 2 seconds, and burning is without dead angle.
(6) low-NO_x combustion technology, smokeless and odorless, without harmful gas, can burn organic exhaust gas and a small amount of solid simultaneously.
(7) comprehensive rational vent gas treatment purifier, it is ensured that environment protection emission is up to standard.
4. the osmotic energy that system produces can be converted into electric energy by the infiltration energy utilization device adopted, thus reducing cost for wastewater treatment；
5. make running realize automatic interlock control by automation instrument, it is simple to adjust the method for operation according to different flow conditions；
6. modularized design, according to difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater actual concentrations and other implementation conditions, independent assortment, can have stronger motility.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the energy-efficient difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater treating system of the present invention.
nullIn figure: 1、Water inlet electrically operated valve，2、The airtight commuting case of FO film，3、Difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater agitator，4、Draw liquid agitator，5、Film frame，6、Membrane component，7、Difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater COD on-line computing model，8、Draw liquid ionometer，9、Temperature-adjusting device，10、Draw liquid delivery gauge，11、Draw liquid outlet electric valve door，12、Draw liquid circulating pump，13、Draw liquid commuting case，14、Commuting case Pressure gauge，15、Commuting case electrically operated valve，16、Airtight rotor casing，17、Turbine wheel，18、Turbine generation unit，19、Draw liquid intermediate box，20、Intermediate box electric-powered air release valve，21、Draw liquid multi-effect evaporator，22、Intermediate box overflow pipe，23、Draw liquid and dissolve case，24、Dissolve box mixer，25、Dissolve case ionometer，26、Compensation box import electrically operated valve，27、Draw liquid compensation box，28、Compensation box ionometer，29、Molten medicine outlet electric valve door，30、Molten medicine-chest，31、Molten medicine agitator，32、Draw liquid ionometer，33、Air-washer，34、Filtered water tank，35、Clarified water pump，36、The first order surmounts pipe electrically operated valve，37、Discharge opeing electrically operated valve，38、The second level surmounts pipe electrically operated valve，39、Mother solution incinerator import electrically operated valve，40、Mother solution incinerator，41、Draw liquid and compensate pump，42、Draw liquid and compensate electrically operated valve，43、Commuting case surmounts pipe electrically operated valve，44、Water supply pipe，45、Commuting case electric-powered air release valve，46、Rotor casing electric-powered air release valve，47、Rotor casing water inlet electrically operated valve，48、Hydraulic barrier，49、Combustion-supporting fuel burner，50、Exhaust gas cleaner.
Detailed description of the invention
The energy-efficient difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater treating system of the present invention mainly includes forward osmosis membrane enrichment facility, mother solution incinerator 40 and infiltration energy utilization device, and each device is sequentially connected with by pipeline.The concrete structure of each device is as shown in Figure 1.
Forward osmosis membrane enrichment facility, including the airtight commuting case 2 (being provided with 3 grades in Fig. 1) of at least one-level FO film, draws liquid recycle device and clean water recovery device.
The bosom of the airtight commuting case 2 of single-stage FO film is provided with film frame 5, is provided with membrane component 6 in film frame 5.Airtight for FO film commuting case 2 is divided into mother solution district, left side (difficult for biological degradation organic waste pool) and right side to draw liquid zone two parts by film frame 5, and twoth district, for being completely independent region, carry out mass transfer merely by membrane component 6.The top in mother solution district is provided with difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater water inlet pipe, this water inlet pipe is provided with into water electrically operated valve 1, difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater agitator 3, difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater COD on-line computing model 7 and temperature-adjusting device 9 (being arranged on bottom mother solution district) it is provided with in mother solution district, temperature-adjusting device 9 can be electric drive, it is also possible to be exchanger.Draw to be provided with in liquid zone and draw liquid agitator 4, draw liquid ionometer 8 and heater (be arranged on and draw bottom liquid zone), draw the outside of liquid zone be provided with connect its upper and lower draw liquid circulation pipe, draw liquid circulation pipe is provided with and draw liquid circulating pump 12, liquid will be drawn drawing the formation circulation of upper and lower, liquid zone by drawing liquid circulating pump 12, accelerate mass transfer.
In the airtight commuting case of upper level FO film 2, the bottom in mother solution district is connected with the top in mother solution district in the next stage airtight commuting case of FO film by discharging tube, discharging tube is provided with discharge opeing electrically operated valve 37, the bottom simultaneously concentrating liquid zone in every airtight commuting case of one-level FO film is connected with mother solution incinerator 40 each through surmounting pipe, surmount and pipe arranges electrically operated valve (first order in Fig. 1 surmounts pipe electrically operated valve 36 and the second level surmounts pipe electrically operated valve 38), surmount pipe and be connected with mother solution incinerator 40 by mother solution incinerator import electrically operated valve 39.Mother solution incinerator 40 is configured with combustion-supporting fuel (natural gas, diesel oil or coke-stove gas etc.) burner 49 and exhaust gas cleaner 50.Every airtight commuting case of one-level FO film draws the top of liquid zone and is connected with the airtight liquid commuting case 13 that draws respectively through drawing liquid conveying pipe, respective draw liquid conveying pipe is provided with draw liquid delivery gauge 10 and draw liquid outlet electric valve door 11.Every airtight commuting case of one-level FO film is drawn the bottom of liquid zone be provided with and draw liquid and compensate electrically operated valve 42, and with draw between liquid compensation box 27 by draw liquid compensate pipe be connected, draw liquid compensation pipe is connected to and draw liquid compensation pump 41, draw and liquid compensation box 27 is provided with compensation box ionometer 28.
Drawing liquid recycle device to include drawing liquid commuting case 13, draw liquid intermediate box 19, draw liquid multi-effect evaporator 21, draw liquid dissolving case 23, draw liquid compensation box 27 and molten medicine-chest 30, it is all airtight for drawing liquid commuting case 13, drawing liquid intermediate box 19, draw liquid multi-effect evaporator 21, draw liquid dissolving case 23 and draw liquid compensation box 27.It is airtight for drawing liquid commuting case 13, and its top is provided with commuting case Pressure gauge 14, commuting case electrically operated valve 15 and commuting case electric-powered air release valve 45, and is connected with the top drawing liquid intermediate box 19 by commuting case electrically operated valve 15；Draw the bottom of liquid commuting case 13 to surmount pipe electrically operated valve 43 by commuting case and be connected with the bottom drawing liquid intermediate box 19.Drawing liquid intermediate box 19 and be internally provided with hydraulic barrier 48, its top is provided with intermediate box electric-powered air release valve 20.Draw liquid intermediate box 19 and draw liquid multi-effect evaporator 21 bottom and be connected, and top is connected to intermediate box overflow pipe 22.Draw liquid dissolving case 23 to be connected with drawing liquid multi-effect evaporator 21, draw and be provided with dissolving box mixer 24 in liquid dissolving case 23 and dissolve case ionometer 25, draw and be connected to air-washer 33 (aeration tower) bottom liquid dissolving case 23.The bottom drawing liquid compensation box 27 is connected with the bottom drawing liquid dissolving case 23 by compensation box import electrically operated valve 26, draws and is provided with compensation box ionometer 28 in liquid compensation box 27.The bottom of molten medicine-chest 30 is connected with the bottom drawing liquid compensation box 27 by molten medicine outlet electric valve door 29, and molten medicine-chest 30 is connected with water supply pipe 44, and is provided with molten medicine agitator 31 in it and draws liquid ionometer 32.Multi-effect evaporator is common apparatus.
Clean water device includes filtered water tank 34, clarified water pump 35 and clear water pipe, and filtered water tank 34 is connected with drawing liquid multi-effect evaporator 21, and clear water pipe is connected with filtered water tank 34, and clarified water pump 35 is connected on clear water pipe.Clear water pipe can pass through valve and be connected with molten medicine-chest 30, so that the clear water drawing liquid multi-effect evaporator 21 generation to be utilized.
Infiltration energy utilization device, including airtight rotor casing 16 and turbine generation unit 18, is provided with turbine wheel 17 in rotor casing 16, turbine wheel 17 is connected with turbine generation unit 18, and the bottom of rotor casing 16 is provided with rotor casing electric-powered air release valve 46.Rotor casing 16 is connected with drawing liquid commuting case 13 by rotor casing water inlet electrically operated valve 47, simultaneously also with draw liquid intermediate box 19 and be connected.
The running of said system, as described below.
Before operation, it is first determined following items important parameter:
1, the osmotic pressure π (difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater) of difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater before processing
First difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater before processing is carried out detection to analyze, calculate infiltration substance withdrawl syndrome therein (the ionic state amount of substance molecular state amount of substance sum in solution) (S1, with mol L-1Meter), adopt Fan Tuofu (van ' tHoff) formula calculate process before the osmotic pressure π (difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater) of difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater:
π (difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater)=cBRT≈S1RT
Wherein: π (difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater) is the osmotic pressure of difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater before processing；
For electrolyte solution, cBIt is the solute molecule that can produce osmotic effect in 1L solution and the total amount of substance of ion, c hereinB≈S1, it is called infiltration substance withdrawl syndrome；
R is gas constant；
T is absolute temperature.
In running, the infiltration substance withdrawl syndrome in FO films at different levels airtight commuting case mother solution district (or claiming concentration liquid zone) is by the approximate conversion of the waste water COD on-line computing model video data arranged on it；
2, the airtight commuting case of first order FO film draws the ion concentration J of liquid1
According to required permeable pressure head (△ π by whether is determined for actual demands such as generatings), adopt Fan Tuofu (van ' tHoff) formula π=cBRT calculates the required airtight commuting case of first order FO film and draws the ion concentration J of liquid1:
J1≈cB=π (draws liquid)/RT
π (draws liquid)=π (difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater)+△ π
π (difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater) ≈ S1RT
Wherein, π (draws liquid) for drawing the osmotic pressure of liquid, the osmotic pressure that π (difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater) is difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater；
For electrolyte solution, cBIt is the solute molecule that can produce osmotic effect in 1L solution and the total amount of substance of ion, c hereinB≈J1, it is called infiltration substance withdrawl syndrome；
R is ideal gas constant；
T is absolute temperature.
In running, the airtight commuting cases of FO film at different levels draw the infiltration substance withdrawl syndrome of liquid zone by the waste water ionometer video data approximate calculation arranged on it；
For improving efficiency, it is generally adopted and draws liquid close to saturated concentration.
3, the progression n (serial number) of the airtight commuting case of FO film
To draw the ion concentration J of liquid1Being example for drawing the saturated concentration of liquid solute under normal temperature and pressure conditions, its osmotic pressure is definite value π (drawing liquid)Saturated；
Due to the effect of agitator and circulating pump, with mother solution (or claiming concentrated solution) concentration of the airtight commuting case of one-level FO film with draw liquid concentration and may be considered homogeneous；
When system is properly functioning, along with the continuous concentration of mother solution (or claiming concentrated solution), the mother solution district infiltration substance withdrawl syndrome of the airtight commuting case of FO film not at the same level can be more and more higher, and Sn+1> Sn(SnBeing infiltration substance withdrawl syndrome in the mother solution of n-th grade of airtight commuting case of FO film, n is the progression of the airtight commuting case of FO film), itself and the permeable pressure head △ π drawing liquid also can be gradually reduced, and in theory, work as SnClose to the saturated concentration of mother solution solute, close to drawing liquid ion concentration J1 and equal to when drawing liquid ion concentration J1, the mother solution of FO film both sides and draw liquid and be absent from permeable pressure head △ π, the now greatest measure that progression is n of the airtight commuting case of FO film.
The reduction of permeable pressure head △ π can affect membrane flux and osmotic efficiency, the work of electromotor also can be affected during for generating electricity, for this, generally according to practical factors such as membrane flux, osmotic efficiency and generator impeller desirable pressure, comprehensively determine the progression n of the airtight commuting case of FO film.
4, the number i (quantity in parallel) of every grade of airtight commuting case of FO film
The number i of every grade of airtight commuting case of FO film is estimated by below equation:
I=Q/ (Q ' S).
Wherein: Q is wastewater treatment scale (m3·S-1)；
Q ' is FO membrane flux (m3·S-1·m-2)；
S is effective forward osmosis membrane area (m of the single airtight commuting case of FO film2)。
Determine above-mentioned important parameter, it is meant that determine the configuration of system.
Open water supply pipe 44, make addition tap water in molten medicine-chest 30, and (infiltration substance withdrawl syndrome is J to pour liquid drawing liquor in molten medicine-chest 300, J0> J1, market purchasing) or solid draw liquid solute powder (market purchasing), stirred by molten medicine agitator 31, preparation ion concentration is J1Draw liquid, by draw liquid ionometer 32 detection preparation draw liquid ion concentration.Open molten medicine outlet electric valve door 29, make to draw liquid stream and enter to draw liquid compensation box 27, then the liquid that draws opening the first order successively compensates electrically operated valve 42 and draws liquid compensation pump 41, make to draw liquid and be full of the airtight commuting case 2 of first order FO film, then close successively and draw liquid compensation pump 41, the liquid that draws of the first order compensates electrically operated valve 42, molten medicine outlet electric valve door 29 and molten medicine agitator 31, check simultaneously and determine that all the other electrically operated valves are in closed mode, each air bleeding valve is in opening, finally carries out the process preparation before system is run.
After above-mentioned job done, opening difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater water inlet electrically operated valve 1, difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater flows into the mother solution district of the airtight commuting case 2 of first order FO film, owing to the ion concentration (J of liquid zone is drawn in membrane component 6 side1) more than the infiltration substance withdrawl syndrome (S in mother solution district1) permeable pressure head (△ π) that formed, make the hydrone in mother solution district difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater freely reach through membrane component 6 and draw liquid zone, being closed structure owing to drawing liquid zone, what after dilution, volume increased draw, and liquid can pass through draws liquid and compensate pipe and enter and airtight draw liquid commuting case 13.Draw after liquid commuting case 13 is full of, close commuting case electric-powered air release valve 45.Drawing liquid generate electricity as utilized, then close commuting case and surmount pipe electrically operated valve 43, open rotor casing water inlet electrically operated valve 47, rare after dilution draws liquid, and (ion concentration is J1’,J1' < J1) enter airtight rotor casing 16, promote turbine wheel 17 to do work, export electric energy by turbine generation unit 18, rare after generating draws liquid and enters and draw liquid intermediate box 19.As without generating, then close rotor casing water inlet electrically operated valve 47, open commuting case surmount pipe electrically operated valve 43, make rare draw liquid enter draw liquid intermediate box 19, subsequently into drawing liquid multi-effect evaporator 21.By multi-effect evaporator 21, liquid solute (normally gaseous) and the separation of water (solvent) are drawn in realization, solute therein enters and draws liquid dissolving case 23, open and dissolve box mixer 24, dissolving case ionometer 25 is utilized to control solution concentration, it is achieved to draw the recycling and reuse of liquid solute；Unnecessary water enters filtered water tank 34, clarified water pump 35 be delivered to molten medicine-chest 30 or be back to plant area other is arranged with water, it is achieved the recycling of water resource.
Difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater after concentration enters the airtight commuting case of FO film of next stage step by step by discharge opeing electrically operated valve 37, by above-mentioned process flow operation.Every grade of airtight commuting case of FO film utilizes the temperature-adjusting device 9 bottom it, the temperature of conservative control difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater so that it is concentration reaches the saturated concentration at this temperature.Finally cannot reconcentration or as required without further concentrate (general COD is when more than 600000mg/L) mother solution enter mother solution incinerator 40 carry out burning disposal.

Claims (3)

1. an energy-conservation difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater treating system, including forward osmosis membrane enrichment facility and mother solution incinerator, it is characterized in that: forward osmosis membrane enrichment facility includes the airtight commuting case of FO film, draw liquid recycle device and clean water recovery device, the airtight commuting case of FO film is at least provided with one-level, draw liquid recycle device to be connected respectively through electrically operated valve with the airtight commuting cases of FO film at different levels, clean water recovery device is connected with drawing liquid recycle device, the airtight commuting cases of FO film at different levels pass sequentially through discharge opeing electrically operated valve and connect, and be connected with mother solution incinerator each through surmounting pipe electrically operated valve；
The inside of the described airtight commuting case of FO film arranges membrane component, and membrane component will be divided into mother solution district and draws liquid zone inside airtight for FO film commuting case, the top in mother solution district is provided with water inlet pipe, this water inlet pipe is provided with into water electrically operated valve；In the airtight commuting case of upper level FO film, the bottom in mother solution district is connected with the top in mother solution district in the next stage airtight commuting case of FO film by discharge opeing electrically operated valve, and in every airtight commuting case of one-level FO film, the bottom in mother solution district is connected with mother solution incinerator each through surmounting pipe electrically operated valve simultaneously；Drawing the top of liquid zone in every airtight commuting case of one-level FO film and be connected with the liquid commuting case that draws drawing in liquid recycle device respectively through drawing liquid conveying pipe, the respective liquid that draws is carried to be provided with on pipe and is drawn liquid outlet electric valve door；Every airtight commuting case of one-level FO film draws the bottom of liquid zone be provided with and draw liquid and compensate electrically operated valve, and compensate pipe is connected by draw liquid between liquid compensation box with drawing drawing in liquid recycle device, draw liquid and compensate pipe is connected to and draw liquid compensation pump；
The described liquid recycle device that draws includes drawing liquid commuting case, draws liquid intermediate box, draws liquid multi-effect evaporator, draws liquid dissolving case, draws liquid compensation box and molten medicine-chest, draw liquid commuting case top and be provided with commuting case electrically operated valve and commuting case electric-powered air release valve, and be connected with drawing liquid intermediate box by commuting case electrically operated valve；Draw the bottom of liquid commuting case surmount pipe electrically operated valve by commuting case and draw liquid intermediate box and be connected；Draw liquid intermediate box top and be provided with intermediate box electric-powered air release valve, draw liquid intermediate box and draw liquid multi-effect evaporator and be connected；Draw liquid dissolving case to be connected with drawing liquid multi-effect evaporator；The bottom drawing liquid compensation box is connected with the bottom drawing liquid dissolving case by compensation box import electrically operated valve；The bottom of molten medicine-chest is connected with the bottom drawing liquid compensation box by molten medicine outlet electric valve door.
2. energy-conservation difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater treating system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in draw the outside of liquid zone be provided with connect draw upper and lower, liquid zone draw liquid circulation pipe, draw liquid circulation pipe is provided with and draw liquid circulating pump.
3. a processing method for energy-conservation difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater treating system described in claim 1, is characterized in that:
First the infiltration substance withdrawl syndrome S of analytical calculation difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater1, show that the required airtight commuting case of first order FO film draws the infiltration substance withdrawl syndrome J of liquid according to required osmotic pressure1, J1More than S1, and draw the number i of the sum of series every grade airtight commuting case of FO film of the airtight commuting case of FO film of needs；Then pass through and draw liquid recycle device preparation ion concentration J1Draw liquid, make to draw liquid and be full of the airtight commuting case of first order FO film；Open difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater water inlet electrically operated valve, difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater flows in the airtight commuting case of first order FO film, exchange with drawing liquid, make the hydrone in difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater freely reach and draw liquid, after dilution, the liquid that draws of volume increase realizes drawing the separation of liquid solute and water by the multi-effect evaporator drawing in liquid recycle device, realizing drawing the recycling and reuse of liquid solute, unnecessary water enters clean water device, it is achieved the recycling of water resource；Difficult for biological degradation organic wastewater is concentrated by the airtight commuting case of FO film step by step, finally cannot reconcentration or enter mother solution incinerator without the mother solution that concentrates further as required and carry out burning disposal.
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