CN104314977A - Two-degree-of-freedom external rotor permanent magnet biased spherical radial magnetic bearing - Google Patents
Two-degree-of-freedom external rotor permanent magnet biased spherical radial magnetic bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN104314977A CN104314977A CN201410649592.XA CN201410649592A CN104314977A CN 104314977 A CN104314977 A CN 104314977A CN 201410649592 A CN201410649592 A CN 201410649592A CN 104314977 A CN104314977 A CN 104314977A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-degree-of-freedom external rotor permanent magnet biased spherical radial magnetic bearing which comprises two parts, namely a stator system and a rotor system, wherein the stator system mainly comprises an upper spherical stator core, a lower spherical stator core, excitation coils, a magnetic shielding ring, an upper magnetic conducting ring, a lower magnetic conducting ring, a permanent magnet, a stator sleeve and a stator locking ring; the rotor system mainly comprises a spherical rotor core, a rotor sleeve and a rotor locking ring; the upper spherical stator core forms four stator magnetic poles, the lower spherical stator core forms four stator magnetic poles, and eight stator magnetic poles at the upper and lower ends of the magnetic bearing are formed, and form magnetic poles in positive and negative directions of X and Y axes respectively; a certain gap is formed between the inner spherical surface of the spherical rotor core and the outer spherical surface of each of the upper and lower spherical stator cores, and forms an air gap. The magnetic bearing can be used as a non-contact bearing of a magnetically suspended gyroscope rotor, so that control over the radial translation and radial torsion of the rotor is completely decoupled, and the pointing accuracy of a magnetically suspended gyroscope is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of non-contact magnetically suspension bearing, particularly relate to a kind of two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet and be biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing.
Background technique
Magnetic suspension bearing is divided into pure electromagnetism magnetic bearing and permanent magnet biased hybrid magnetic bearing, the former utilizes bias current to provide bias magnetic field, its electric current is comparatively large, power consumption is large, the latter utilizes permanent magnet to substitute the bias magnetic field of the bias current generation in pure electromagnetism magnetic bearing, and the bias magnetic field that permanent magnet produces bears main bearing capacity, electromagnetic control fields provides auxiliary adjustment force, can greatly reduce magnetic bearings control electric current, reduce power amplifier loss, thus reduction coil turn, reduce magnetic bearing volume, reduce weight.Be used widely so permanent magnet biased magnetic bearing closes at high speed sports grounds such as magnetic suspension air blower, magnetic suspension motor, magnetic levitation energy storage flywheel, magnetic suspension bias momentum wheel, magnetic suspension control torque gyroscopes.
Magnetically suspended gyroscope utilizes magnetic suspension bearing to support the gyrorotor of High Rotation Speed, eliminate the interference that mechanical friction moment is brought, make gyrorotor be operated in higher rotary regimes, thus provide the larger moment of momentum for gyrorotor, make it have good gyroscopic inertia.Pointing accuracy weighs gyrostatic most important index, and all disturbance torques causing gyrorotor running shaft to deflect, all can cause gyro drift.So, the impact of magnetic bearing support unit on gyro drift must be considered.
Show by analysis, the prerequisite improving magnetic suspension wipping top rotor pointing accuracy is, the axial translation of gyrorotor controls and radial translation controls all to control not interference to radial direction twisting, namely the translation in X, Y and Z tri-directions must twist full decoupled with radial X and Y-direction, when this just requires that magnetic bearing produces radial and axial electromagnetic force, deflecting torque can not be produced to gyrorotor.
In prior art, patent ZL200510011270.3 proposes a kind of external rotor radial magnetic bearing, and its magnetic pole strength is cylndrical surface.During magnetic bearing work, the electromagnetic attraction suffered by rotor is all the time perpendicular to magnetic pole strength.When the gyrorotor principal axis of inertia and magnetic bearing geometrical axis deflect, the electromagnetic attraction size that magnetic bearing 8 magnetic pole strengths produce is unequal, and do not point to gyrorotor barycenter, namely the disturbance torque of radial twisting can be produced to gyrorotor, order about gyrorotor rotating shaft depart from initial position and produce gyro drift, reduce gyro pointing accuracy.
Summary of the invention
The two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of precision high is biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet of the present invention is biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing, comprise stator system and rotor-support-foundation system two-part, stator system mainly comprises: upper sphere stator core, lower peripheral surface stator core, field coil, magnetism resistent ring, upper magnetic guiding loop, lower magnetic guiding loop, permanent magnet, stator sleeve and stator lock ring, rotor-support-foundation system mainly comprises: spheric rotor iron core, rotor sleeve and rotor lock ring, upper sphere stator core forms 4 magnetic poles, lower peripheral surface stator core forms 4 magnetic poles, form magnetic bearing 8, upper and lower two ends magnetic pole altogether, form X respectively, the magnetic pole of the positive negative direction of Y-axis, each magnetic pole of the stator is wound with field coil, magnetism resistent ring is between upper sphere stator core and lower peripheral surface stator core, upper magnetic guiding loop is positioned at sphere stator core radially inner side, lower magnetic guiding loop is positioned at lower peripheral surface stator core radially inner side, permanent magnet is between upper magnetic guiding loop and lower magnetic guiding loop, upper magnetic guiding loop, lower magnetic guiding loop and permanent magnet are positioned at stator sleeve radial outside, and be fixedly mounted on stator sleeve by stator lock ring, spheric rotor iron core is positioned at rotor sleeve radially inner side, and be fixedly mounted on rotor sleeve by rotor lock ring, spheric rotor inner ball surface unshakable in one's determination and upper sphere stator core outer spherical surface and lower peripheral surface stator core outer spherical surface leave certain gap, form air gap.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, the two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet that the embodiment of the present invention provides is biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing, spherical radial direction magnetic bearing is biased with the radial two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet twisting uneoupled control owing to adopting radial translation, can be used as the contactless supporting of magnetically suspended gyroscope rotor, make the radial translation of rotor with radial twist control full decoupled, the pointing accuracy of raising magnetically suspended gyroscope.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is biased the axial cross section structural representation of spherical radial direction magnetic bearing for two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is biased the axial end structural representation of spherical radial direction magnetic bearing for two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 3 a is upper sphere stator core in the embodiment of the present invention and lower peripheral surface stator core sectional view;
Fig. 3 b is upper sphere stator core in the embodiment of the present invention and lower peripheral surface stator core three-dimensional structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 a is the spheric rotor sectional view unshakable in one's determination in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 b is the spheric rotor three-dimensional structure schematic diagram unshakable in one's determination in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
To be described in further detail the embodiment of the present invention below.
Two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet of the present invention is biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing, its preferably embodiment be:
Comprise stator system and rotor-support-foundation system two-part, stator system mainly comprises: upper sphere stator core, lower peripheral surface stator core, field coil, magnetism resistent ring, upper magnetic guiding loop, lower magnetic guiding loop, permanent magnet, stator sleeve and stator lock ring, rotor-support-foundation system mainly comprises: spheric rotor iron core, rotor sleeve and rotor lock ring, upper sphere stator core forms 4 magnetic poles, lower peripheral surface stator core forms 4 magnetic poles, upper sphere stator core and lower peripheral surface stator core composition magnetic bearing 8, upper and lower two ends magnetic pole, form X respectively, the magnetic pole of the positive negative direction of Y-axis, each magnetic pole of the stator is wound with field coil, magnetism resistent ring is between upper sphere stator core and lower peripheral surface stator core, upper magnetic guiding loop is positioned at sphere stator core radially inner side, lower magnetic guiding loop is positioned at lower peripheral surface stator core radially inner side, permanent magnet is between upper magnetic guiding loop and lower magnetic guiding loop, upper magnetic guiding loop, lower magnetic guiding loop and permanent magnet are positioned at stator sleeve radial outside, and be fixedly mounted on stator sleeve by stator lock ring, spheric rotor iron core is positioned at rotor sleeve radially inner side, and be fixedly mounted on rotor sleeve by rotor lock ring, spheric rotor inner ball surface unshakable in one's determination and upper sphere stator core outer spherical surface and lower peripheral surface stator core outer spherical surface leave certain gap, form air gap.
Described upper sphere stator core and the magnetic pole of lower peripheral surface stator core all adopt pole shoe form to reduce eddy current loss under high rotating speed and equivalent drag square.Described upper magnetic guiding loop and lower magnetic guiding loop are 1J85 permeability magnetic material.Described permanent magnet is shirt cobalt alloy or Nd Fe B alloys material.Described permanent magnet is axial annulus, magnetizes vertically.The spherical radius of described upper sphere stator core is equal with the spherical radius of lower peripheral surface stator core, and both centre ofs sphere overlap completely.
Two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet of the present invention is biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing, overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, adopt the external rotor permanent magnet of radial translation and radial twisting uneoupled control to be biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing, avoid the interference that radial translation controls to control radial direction twisting.
The principle of the solution of the present invention is:
Permanent magnet provides permanent magnet bias magnetic field to magnetic bearing, bear the radial force suffered by magnetic bearing, the bias magnetic field forwards/reverse that the controlling magnetic field that field coil produces and permanent magnet produce superposes, and keeps magnetic bearing rotor air gap even, realizes the contactless suspension bearing of rotor.As shown in Figure 1, permanent magnetic circuit of the present invention is: magnetic flux is from permanent magnet N pole, get back to permanent magnet S pole by upper magnetic guiding loop, upper sphere stator core, air gap, spheric rotor iron core, air gap, lower peripheral surface stator core, lower magnetic guiding loop, form the main magnetic circuit of magnetic suspension bearing.As shown in Figure 2, for the magnetic flux that upper end Y-axis forward field coil electric current produces, its path is: Y-axis positive magnetic pole, the Y-axis forward air gap of upper sphere stator core be unshakable in one's determination to spheric rotor, other three direction magnetic poles of then being formed to other three direction air gaps, upper sphere stator core, get back to the Y-axis positive magnetic pole that upper sphere stator core formed, and forms closed-loop path.
When magnetic bearing rotor is in equilibrium position, the air gap at 8 magnetic pole strength places is completely equal, the electromagnetic attraction equal and opposite in direction at each magnetic pole strength place, suffered by magnetic bearing rotor make a concerted effort and resultant moment of force be zero.When magnetic bearing rotor shaft and its stator geometrical axis exist a small angle, at each stator pole face place, the electromagnetic attraction suffered by rotor all the time along the radial direction of magnetic bearing rotor sphere, and all through the centre of sphere of spheric rotor iron core.When gyrorotor barycenter overlaps completely with the centre of sphere of spheric rotor iron core, the electromagnetic attraction that 8 magnetic pole strengths go out is 0 to the moment that gyrorotor barycenter produces, teetotum rotating shaft can not be ordered about deflect, namely radial translation controls to affect radial twisting control, avoid the interference that radial translation twists radial direction, eliminate the gyro drift that radial direction magnetic bearing causes.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
The present invention is on the basis of existing external rotor radial magnetic bearing, change existing magnetic bearing magnetic pole strength into sphere, make electromagnetic force that magnetic bearing rotor is subject at each magnetic pole place all the time through the centre of sphere of spheric rotor iron core, overcome because of each magnetic pole place electromagnetic force unequal time, and the radial direction twisting disturbance torque produced, eliminate the gyro drift that radial direction magnetic bearing causes, improve the pointing accuracy of magnetically suspended gyroscope.
Specific embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet is biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing, primarily of stator system and rotor-support-foundation system two-part composition, stator system mainly comprises: upper sphere stator core 1, lower peripheral surface stator core 2, field coil 3, magnetism resistent ring 4, upper magnetic guiding loop 5, lower magnetic guiding loop 6, permanent magnet 7, stator sleeve 8 and stator lock ring 9, rotor-support-foundation system mainly comprises: spheric rotor iron core 10, rotor sleeve 11 and rotor lock ring 12, upper sphere stator core 1 forms 4 magnetic poles, lower peripheral surface stator core 2 forms 4 magnetic poles, upper sphere stator core 1 and lower peripheral surface stator core 2 form magnetic bearing 8, upper and lower two ends magnetic pole, form X respectively, the magnetic pole of the positive negative direction of Y-axis, each magnetic pole of the stator is wound with field coil 3, magnetism resistent ring 4 is between upper sphere stator core 1 and lower peripheral surface stator core 2, upper magnetic guiding loop 5 is positioned at sphere stator core 1 radially inner side, lower magnetic guiding loop 6 is positioned at lower peripheral surface stator core 2 radially inner side, permanent magnet 7 is between upper magnetic guiding loop 5 and lower magnetic guiding loop 6, upper magnetic guiding loop 5, lower magnetic guiding loop 6 and permanent magnet 7 are positioned at stator sleeve 8 radial outside, and be fixedly mounted on stator sleeve 8 by stator lock ring 9, spheric rotor iron core 10 is positioned at rotor sleeve 11 radially inner side, and be fixedly mounted on rotor sleeve 11 by rotor lock ring 12, spheric rotor 10 inner ball surface unshakable in one's determination and upper sphere stator core 1 outer spherical surface and lower peripheral surface stator core 2 outer spherical surface leave certain gap, form air gap 13.
Fig. 3 a is upper sphere stator core 1 and lower peripheral surface stator core 2 sectional view in the present invention, Fig. 3 b is upper sphere stator core 1 and lower peripheral surface stator core 2 three-dimensional structure schematic diagram in the present invention, its material is that the stalloy that magnetic property is good forms as the magnetic material punching presses such as Electrical Steel Sheet 1J22,1J50,1J79,1J85, electrical pure iron fold, four magnetic pole strengths are on same sphere, and each magnetic pole all adopts pole shoe form to reduce eddy current loss under high rotating speed and equivalent drag square.
Fig. 4 a is spheric rotor 10 sectional views unshakable in one's determination in the present invention, Fig. 4 b is spheric rotor 10 three-dimensional structure schematic diagram unshakable in one's determination in the present invention, its material is that the stalloy that magnetic property is good forms as the magnetic material punching presses such as Electrical Steel Sheet 1J22,1J50,1J79,1J85, electrical pure iron fold, when gyrorotor is in equilibrium position, the inner ball surface centre of sphere of spheric rotor iron core 10 overlaps with the centre of sphere of the upper centre of sphere of sphere stator core 1 outer spherical surface and the outer spherical surface of lower peripheral surface stator core 2.
The material of the magnetism resistent ring 4 that foregoing invention scheme is used is the non-magnetic alloys such as duralumin 2A12, the superduralumin 7A09 that heat-conducting property is good.Upper magnetic guiding loop 5 and lower magnetic guiding loop 6 are the good 1J85 permeability magnetic material of magnetic property.The material of permanent magnet 7 is shirt cobalt alloy or Nd Fe B alloys that magnetic property is good, and permanent magnet 7 is axial annulus, magnetizes vertically.Field coil 3 paint-dipping drying after the good copper wire winding of conduction forms.Stator sleeve 8 and rotor sleeve 11 material are the weak magnetic stainless steel of the good 1Cr18Ni9Ti of thermal conductivity ability.Stator lock ring 9 and rotor lock ring 12 material are the non-magnetic alloys such as the good duralumin 2A12 of heat-conducting property, superduralumin 7A09.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (6)
1. two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet is biased a spherical radial direction magnetic bearing, comprises stator system and rotor-support-foundation system two-part, it is characterized in that:
Described stator system mainly comprises: upper sphere stator core (1), lower peripheral surface stator core (2), field coil (3), magnetism resistent ring (4), upper magnetic guiding loop (5), lower magnetic guiding loop (6), permanent magnet (7), stator sleeve (8) and stator lock ring (9);
Described rotor-support-foundation system mainly comprises: spheric rotor iron core (10), rotor sleeve (11) and rotor lock ring (12);
Described upper sphere stator core (1) composition 4 magnetic poles, described lower peripheral surface stator core (2) composition 4 magnetic poles, form magnetic bearing 8, upper and lower two ends magnetic pole altogether, form the magnetic pole of X, the positive negative direction of Y-axis respectively, each magnetic pole of the stator is wound with described field coil (3), and described magnetism resistent ring (4) is positioned between described upper sphere stator core (1) and lower peripheral surface stator core (2);
Described upper magnetic guiding loop (5) is positioned at described upper sphere stator core (1) radially inner side, described lower magnetic guiding loop (6) is positioned at described lower peripheral surface stator core (2) radially inner side, and described permanent magnet (7) is positioned between described upper magnetic guiding loop (5) and lower magnetic guiding loop (6);
Described upper magnetic guiding loop (5), lower magnetic guiding loop (6) and permanent magnet (7) are positioned at described stator sleeve (8) radial outside, and are fixedly mounted on described stator sleeve (8) by described stator lock ring (9);
Described spheric rotor iron core (10) is positioned at described rotor sleeve (11) radially inner side, and is fixedly mounted on described rotor sleeve (11) by described rotor lock ring (12);
Described spheric rotor iron core (10) inner ball surface and described upper sphere stator core (1) outer spherical surface and described lower peripheral surface stator core (2) outer spherical surface leave gap, form air gap (13).
2. two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet according to claim 1 is biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing, it is characterized in that: described upper sphere stator core (1) and the magnetic pole of lower peripheral surface stator core (2) all adopt pole shoe structure.
3. two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet according to claim 1 is biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing, it is characterized in that: described upper magnetic guiding loop (5) and lower magnetic guiding loop (6) are 1J85 permeability magnetic material.
4. two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet according to claim 1 is biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing, it is characterized in that: described permanent magnet (7) is shirt cobalt alloy or Nd Fe B alloys material.
5. two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet according to claim 1 is biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing, it is characterized in that: described permanent magnet (7) is axial annulus, magnetizes vertically.
6. two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet according to claim 1 is biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing, it is characterized in that: the spherical radius of described upper sphere stator core (1) is equal with the spherical radius of lower peripheral surface stator core (2), and both centre ofs sphere overlap completely.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106151271A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏大学 | A kind of five degree of freedom external rotor permanent magnet biases spherical magnetic bearing |
| CN107607099A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-19 | 北京石油化工学院 | A kind of magnetic suspension control sensitivity gyro of the common position of prosecution |
| CN111946748A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-17 | 董文昌 | Magnetic processing bearing in wind motor and processing equipment thereof |
| CN112212847A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-01-12 | 西安航天精密机电研究所 | Combined sensor for two floating gyroscopes |
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| CN102537046A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-07-04 | 张冰青 | Magnetic levitation bearings and magnetic levitation motor |
| CN204267527U (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-04-15 | 北京石油化工学院 | A kind of two-freedom external rotor permanent magnet is biased spherical radial direction magnetic bearing |
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| CN1707127A (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2005-12-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Low-power consumption permanent magnetic offset mixed radial magnetic bearing |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106151271A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-11-23 | 江苏大学 | A kind of five degree of freedom external rotor permanent magnet biases spherical magnetic bearing |
| CN107607099A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-19 | 北京石油化工学院 | A kind of magnetic suspension control sensitivity gyro of the common position of prosecution |
| CN107607099B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2020-05-22 | 北京石油化工学院 | Magnetic suspension control sensitive gyroscope with detection and control co-location |
| CN111946748A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-11-17 | 董文昌 | Magnetic processing bearing in wind motor and processing equipment thereof |
| CN111946748B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2021-11-16 | 天津市城西广源电力工程有限公司 | Magnetic processing bearing in wind motor and processing equipment thereof |
| CN112212847A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-01-12 | 西安航天精密机电研究所 | Combined sensor for two floating gyroscopes |
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