CN104314046B - Adopt geo-grid structure to carry out river course and attack and occupy the method with spats construction - Google Patents
Adopt geo-grid structure to carry out river course and attack and occupy the method with spats construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN104314046B CN104314046B CN201410652395.3A CN201410652395A CN104314046B CN 104314046 B CN104314046 B CN 104314046B CN 201410652395 A CN201410652395 A CN 201410652395A CN 104314046 B CN104314046 B CN 104314046B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/123—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of stone, concrete or similar stony material
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Geo-grid structure comprises geo-grid housing and is wrapped in the filler of geo-grid inside, and filler is earth material or building stones.When filler is earth material, geo-grid structure is grid soil pillow; When filler is building stones, geo-grid structure is grid gabion.Its preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) selects according to purposes the geo-grid that tensile strength is suitable, and geo-grid is cut into suitable size; (2) geo-grid colligation suitable for cutting is become geo-grid housing; (3) filler is filled into geo-grid enclosure interior, and seals.The invention also discloses and adopt grid soil pillow and grid gabion to carry out the method that river controlling projects is attacked and occupied and spats is constructed.Geo-grid structure is used for river course and attacks and occupies and spats construction, grid source and quantity guaranteed, corrosion-resistant strong with ageing resistace; Structure mass is stablized, and sedimentation and deformation is slight; Effectively can reduce construction costs, improve efficiency of construction, save labour, engineering effort is remarkable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of civil engineering, be specifically related to a kind of river course and attack and occupy the method with river regulation, particularly relate to a kind of adopt geo-grid structure carry out river course attack and occupy with spats construction method.
Background technology
In Huanghe Ningxia improvement, buttress is attacked and occupied and is adopted sward special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes body structure always, diameter 1.5 ~ 2.0m is rolled into one deck soil one deck grass, the volume special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes body of long 7 ~ 10m, push away and throw in water, build the dam foundation, then wrap up in block stone, galvanized wire cage or concrete tetrapod and protect, layout pattern has groynes, connection dam, buttress, shore protection etc.This structure is easy to gather materials on the spot, and has certain impact resistance, is a kind of river engineering measure that Ningxia is generally taked, and is to control korneforos in the successive dynasties to update the not only simple but also effective measures adopted in development.
But, adopt sward special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes body to carry out river course and attack and occupy construction Problems existing and also can not be ignored: 1. working procedure is more loaded down with trivial details, especially rolls up the special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes and heavy special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes link; 2. the quantity of labour force that each link of constructing needs is comparatively large, and efficiency of construction is relatively low; 3. special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes system is done to need a large amount of straw, but straw price goes up year by year, and buys difficulty; Simultaneously because mechanical harvesting causes straw length to shorten, bring difficulty to special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes system, and affect the quality of special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes body to a certain extent; 4. special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes body is longer, and needs layering to pave, and there are certain requirements place when therefore making, the heavy special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes there are certain requirements terrain slope again, brings certain restriction to construction.5. special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes body is cylinder, and volume large rigidity is little, and when throwing in when flow is larger, special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes body bending deformation, easily appears in bad control balance, or rolling is erect even to fracture and washed away under water impact, and workmanship and progress are attacked and occupied in impact; 6. during construction, a large amount of gathering of people pushes away the special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes in the limited scope of operation, and the scope of operation is crowded, there is larger potential safety hazard; 7. special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes body soaks for a long time in water, rots serious, very easily causes settlement deformation, form crack, jeopardize engineering safety.
Usually galvanized wire gabion and concrete tetrapod is adopted to carry out the solid pin bank protection in river course in river regulation.Galvanized wire gabion is the netted casing adopting galvanized iron wire to be manually woven into, and fills building stones and is used for jettisoning spats or radical platform spats.But soak in water for a long time, galvanized wire easily occurs that corrosion is ruptured, and in the course of time, gabion falls apart, and loses the effect of solid pin bank protection, causes slump.Also there is certain problem in concrete tetrapod: material consumption amount is large, and unit price is high; Concrete prefabricated need take larger area place, prefabricatedly affect comparatively large by temperature, need take Insulation, increase prefabricated expense when temperature is lower; Need jettisoning with crane, speed of application is slow; Concrete tetrapod in the winter time eulittoral zone easily occurs degrading by Frozen-thawed cycled destroys.In addition, river training works is generally away from power supply network, and construction power taking difficulty, causes prefabricated place away from job site, increase freight.
Summary of the invention
According to prior art river course attack and occupy construction and river regulation in Problems existing, the invention provides a kind of adopt geo-grid structure carry out river course attack and occupy construction and spats construct method.
The technical solution used in the present invention:
Geo-grid structure comprises geo-grid housing and is wrapped in the filler of geo-grid inside, and described filler is earth material or building stones.When filler is earth material, geo-grid structure is grid soil pillow; When filler is building stones, geo-grid structure is grid gabion.Its preparation method comprises following step: (1) selects according to the purposes of geo-grid structure the geo-grid that tensile strength is suitable, and according to the size of geo-grid structure, geo-grid is cut into suitable size; (2) geo-grid colligation suitable for cutting is become geo-grid housing; Described binding method carries out colligation for adopting " it " byte point strapping; (3) filler is filled into geo-grid enclosure interior, and seals.
Geo-grid structure is divided into geo-grid soil pillow and geogrid gabion by the inner packing material difference of grid.
Geo-grid soil pillow refers to rectangular-shapedly attacks and occupies body by what formed after the soil pillow geo-grid parcel filling soil, is to jettisoning thing for the basis attacked and occupied in buttress body water in yellow river regulation engineering, is one of ingredient of buttress.Be applicable to the improvement of sandy bed river section.
Geogrid gabion refers to the gabion casing filling up building stones formation in fixed-type grid net cage.For river engineering spats and account for body construction, alternative concrete tetrapod spats.Be applicable to the improvement of grave covering section.
Adopt grid soil pillow to carry out the method that construction is attacked and occupied in river course, comprise the following steps:
(1) soil pillow punching block makes:
The box of the upper and lower opening that the materials such as soil pillow punching block conventional 50 × 50 × 6mm equal leg angle, external diameter 32mm × 3mm seamless steel pipe, thick 3mm galvanized steel plain sheet are welded, physical size requirements is length × wide × height=2.0m × 1.0m × 1.0m.Thereon along welding 4 suspension ring, be convenient to lift by crane with wire rope.The lifting rope matched is diameter 12mm stranded galvanized steel or prestress wire.Some areas are according to actual demands of engineering, and the appearance and size of punching block is length × wide × height=1.0m × 1.0m × 1.0m.
(2) geo-grid cutting:
Geo-grid adopts polypropylene two-way grille, horizontal, endwise tensile strength 20KN/m, mesh size 4.0 × 4.0cm, carbon black content >=2%, and is evenly distributed.For reaching designing requirement, reduce the waste of material of grid, cutting scheme is: according to the size of iron case, and artificial cutting geo-grid is of a size of 3 × 4.2m.
(3) knitting bagged soil:
Woven bag is that geotextile bag weaved by high density poly propylene plastics, and it meets the technical requirements in GB " compound braided bag " (GB/T8947-1998).Woven bag length × wide × high=2.0 × 1.0 × 1.0, single woven bag volume is 2.0m
3.First the place leveling spreading geo-grid will be needed before dress soil, complete geo-grid, casing is winched in geo-grid, then adopt and manually woven bag bodies is put into iron case and strut, crimping is enclosed within casing, load in woven bag with excavator by earth material, the compactedness of earth material is 85%, each knitting bagged soil about 1.7m
3.After earth material is populated, sack sealing machine Zha2Dao to be tightened.Sack ties rear excavator and winches in adjacent geo-grid by iron case, and dress soil is carried out in circulation.
(4) geo-grid colligation:
Grid colligation must make tie by HDPE material, and its breaking load is not less than 200kg (2KN), carbon black content >=2%.Wrapped by earth bag by geo-grid, adopt " it " byte point strapping to carry out colligation, colligation nodal pitch is 10cm, also can help colligation with curved pin.
(5) grid soil pillow is jettisoninged:
After soil pillow prepares, for preventing grid in soil pillow pushing course from damaging, shoveling soil with excavator 1 ~ 2 and being put into soil pillow rear, slowly soil being rested the head on promotion and roll in water, until native pillow height till water surface 1m.When attacking and occupying according to flow rate of water flow sink at every turn 2 ~ 4 soil pillow, soil pillow between require be connected closely knit.After soil rests the head on out the water surface, jettisoning before its dam body galvanized wire cage block stone and loose jackstone spats.Grid soil pillow is attacked and occupied and is carried out back wrapping up in abutment, terminates to arc section.
Adopt grid gabion to carry out the method that construction is attacked and occupied in river course, comprise following step:
(1) grid mesh sheet cutting
Adopt polypropylene two-way grille, horizontal, endwise tensile strength is 30KN/m, and mesh size is 4.5 × 4.5cm, fabric width 4m, and content of carbon black is greater than 2%, and is evenly distributed.For reaching designing requirement, reduce grid material waste, through multiple comparison test, determine that optimal crop scheme is: single grid gabion uses the colligation of 2 different size geo-grid, and size is respectively 1.3 × 4m, 1.5 × 4m, single grid gabion volume is 2m simultaneously
3.
(2) filling of building stones and colligation
The two panels grid cut is overlapped to form " T " font in length and breadth, lap width is not less than 10cm, and grid carried out " it " font with HDPE tie and tie up and make it to link into an integrated entity, by turnover overlap joint, with 1.5m × 1.25m for bottom surface, 1.3m is high, colligation becomes grid boxes and baskets, then put it into and attack and occupy in the chute of section, two grid boxes and baskets can be placed in front and back in chute, then with loader filling particle diameter 5 ~ 15cm cobble, in time being loaded into calculating volume 85%, grid top cover is turned over to wrap up in and binds, and by solid for edge colligation.Geogrid gabion after filling substantially should reach and rockfill full, and profile is upright, and tying is solid, and the not opening when attacking and occupying, does not leak stone.
(3) attack and occupy and jettisoning
With loader, the hook that chute model fills from rear is sling by commander special messenger when attacking and occupying, grid gabion is slipped in water stably.Sufficient grid gabion to be had when attacking and occupying and attack and occupy continuously, reducing construction punching hole.
Adopt grid gabion to carry out spats construction and comprise the steps: that (I) is according to first buttress arc section, the order layering of rear straightway is jettisoninged gabion continuously, and one deck of having jettisoninged is jettisoninged the second layer again, makes upper and lower gabion staggered; (II) after gabion has been thrown, fill the gap of gabion with loose jackstone block, the fall apart quality of jackstone block of described monolithic is not less than 30kg, and the cumulative volume of described loose jackstone block is 1/3 of geogrid gabion volume.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: compared with sward special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes body, grille structural body is attacked and occupied for river course has following advantage with spats construction:
(1) horizontal sliding of grille structural body machinery attacked and occupied, each link operation is relatively simple; Need labour few, efficiency of construction is high.
(2) be approved product for making the grid of grille structural body, source and quantity guaranteed, steady quality; The making of grille structural body is to place not requirement, and soil pillow is jettisoninged and to be completed by machinery, to terrain slope not requirement, constructs comparatively easy.
(3) grille structural body volume is little, and weight ratio is more concentrated, and the impact being subject to current in same traffic situation is little, attacks and occupies after jettisoninging and can arrive preposition smoothly; And grille structural body sedimentation and deformation is slight, engineering effort is obviously better than sward special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for building dykes body.
Compared with galvanized wire gabion, the Plastics Geogrids material that grille structural body adopts is a kind of geosynthetics, has corrosion resistance and ageing resistance.Compared with concrete tetrapod, the large (2m of geogrid gabion spats volume
3), Heavy Weight, add impact resistance, unit price, also lower than 31% of concrete tetrapod, is a kind of ideal spats material.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of geo-grid colligation; Wherein, 1 is tie, and 2 is geo-grid.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1: grid soil pillow is attacked and occupied
Adopt grid soil pillow to carry out the method that construction is attacked and occupied in river course, comprise the following steps:
(1) soil pillow punching block makes: the box of the upper and lower not opening that the materials such as soil pillow punching block conventional 50 × 50 × 6mm equal leg angle, external diameter 32mm × 3mm seamless steel pipe, thick 3mm galvanized steel plain sheet are welded, physical size requirements is length × wide × height=2.0m × 1.0m × 1.0m.Thereon along welding 4 suspension ring, be convenient to lift by crane with wire rope.The lifting rope matched is diameter 12mm stranded galvanized steel or prestress wire.Some areas are according to actual demands of engineering, and the appearance and size of punching block is length × wide × height=1.0m × 1.0m × 1.0m.
(2) geo-grid cutting: geo-grid adopts polypropylene two-way grille, horizontal, endwise tensile strength 20KN/m, mesh size 4.0 × 4.0cm, carbon black content >=2%, and be evenly distributed.For reaching designing requirement, reduce the waste of material of grid, cutting scheme is: according to the size of iron case, and artificial cutting geo-grid is of a size of 3 × 4.2m.
(3) knitting bagged soil: woven bag is that geotextile bag weaved by high density poly propylene plastics, and it meets the technical requirements in GB " compound braided bag " (GB/T8947-1998).Woven bag length × wide × high=2.0 × 1.0 × 1.0, single woven bag volume is 2.0m3.First the place leveling spreading geo-grid will be needed before dress soil, complete geo-grid, casing is winched in geo-grid, then adopt and manually woven bag bodies is put into iron case and strut, crimping is enclosed within casing, load in woven bag with excavator by earth material, the compactedness of earth material is 85%, each knitting bagged soil about 1.7m3.After earth material is populated, sack sealing machine Zha2Dao to be tightened.Sack ties rear excavator and winches in adjacent geo-grid by iron case, and dress soil is carried out in circulation.
(4) geo-grid colligation: grid colligation must make tie by HDPE material, its breaking load is not less than 200kg (2KN), carbon black content >=2%.Wrapped by earth bag by geo-grid, adopt " it " byte point strapping to carry out colligation, colligation nodal pitch is 10cm, also can help colligation with curved pin.
(5) grid soil pillow is jettisoninged: after soil pillow prepares, and for preventing grid in soil pillow pushing course from damaging, shoveling soil and being put into soil pillow rear, slowly soil is rested the head on promotion and roll in water, until native pillow height till water surface 1m with excavator 1 ~ 2.When attacking and occupying according to flow rate of water flow sink at every turn 1 ~ 2 soil pillow, soil pillow between require be connected closely knit.After soil rests the head on out the water surface, jettisoning before its dam body galvanized wire cage block stone and loose jackstone spats.Grid soil pillow is attacked and occupied and is carried out back wrapping up in abutment, terminates to arc section.
Embodiment 2: grid gabion is attacked and occupied
Adopt grid gabion to carry out the method that construction is attacked and occupied in river course, comprise following step:
(1) grid mesh sheet cutting: adopt polypropylene two-way grille, horizontal, endwise tensile strength is 30KN/m, and mesh size is 4.5 × 4.5cm two kinds, fabric width 4m, and content of carbon black is greater than 2%, and is evenly distributed.For reaching designing requirement, reduce grid material waste, through multiple comparison test, determine that optimal crop scheme is: single grid gabion uses the colligation of 2 different size geo-grid, and size is respectively 1.3 × 4m, 1.5 × 4m, single grid gabion volume is 2m simultaneously
3.
(2) filling of building stones and colligation: the two panels grid cut is overlapped to form " T " font in length and breadth, lap width is not less than 10cm, and grid 2 carried out " it " font with HDPE tie 1 and tie up and make it to link into an integrated entity, by turnover overlap joint, with 1.5m × 1.25m for bottom surface, 1.3m is high, colligation becomes grid boxes and baskets, then put it into and attack and occupy in the chute of section, two grid boxes and baskets can be placed in front and back in chute, again with loader filling particle diameter 5 ~ 15cm cobble, in time being loaded into calculating volume 85%, grid top cover is turned over to wrap up in and binds, and by solid for edge colligation.Geogrid gabion after filling substantially should reach and rockfill full, and profile is upright, and tying is solid, and the not opening when attacking and occupying, does not leak stone.
(3) attack and occupy and jettisoning: with loader, the hook that chute model fills from rear is sling by commander special messenger when attacking and occupying, grid gabion is slipped in water stably.Sufficient grid gabion to be had when attacking and occupying and attack and occupy continuously, reducing construction punching hole.
Embodiment 3: grid gabion spats is constructed
Attempt adopting geogrid gabion structure to substitute traditional concrete tetrapod in centre halfback Yongfeng five team.Specific practice is:
(1) grid mesh sheet cutting: adopt polypropylene two-way grille, horizontal, endwise tensile strength is 30KN/m, and mesh size is 4.5 × 4.5cm two kinds, fabric width 4m, and content of carbon black is greater than 2%, and is evenly distributed.For reaching designing requirement, reduce grid material waste, through multiple comparison test, determine that optimal crop scheme is: single grid gabion uses the colligation of 2 different size geo-grid, and size is respectively 1.3 × 4m, 1.5 × 4m, single grid gabion volume is 2m simultaneously
3.
(2) filling of building stones and colligation: the two panels grid cut is overlapped to form " T " font in length and breadth, lap width is not less than 10cm, and grid 2 carried out " it " font with HDPE tie 1 and tie up and make it to link into an integrated entity, by turnover overlap joint, with 1.5m × 1.25m for bottom surface, 1.3m is high, colligation becomes grid boxes and baskets, then put it into and attack and occupy in the chute of section, two grid boxes and baskets can be placed in front and back in chute, again with loader filling particle diameter 5 ~ 15cm cobble, in time being loaded into calculating volume 85%, grid top cover is turned over to wrap up in and binds, and by solid for edge colligation.Geogrid gabion after filling substantially should reach and rockfill full, and profile is upright, and tying is solid, and the not opening when attacking and occupying, does not leak stone.
(3) attack and occupy and jettisoning: (I), according to first buttress arc section, the order layering of rear straightway is jettisoninged gabion continuously, one deck of having jettisoninged is jettisoninged the second layer again, makes upper and lower gabion staggered; (II) after gabion has been thrown, fill the gap of gabion with loose jackstone block, the fall apart quality of jackstone block of described monolithic is not less than 30kg, and the cumulative volume of described loose jackstone block is 1/3 of geogrid gabion volume.
Claims (3)
1. adopt geo-grid structure to carry out the method that construction is attacked and occupied in river course, it is characterized in that: described geo-grid structure is grid gabion, the preparation of described grid gabion comprises following step:
(a) grid cutting: the grid polypropylene two-way grille of carbon black content >=2% being cut to two kinds of sizes, the transverse direction/endwise tensile strength of described two-way grille is 30KN/m, mesh size 4.5 × 4.5cm; Grid I is of a size of 4 × 1.3m, and grid II is of a size of 1.5 × 4m;
(b) grid colligation: adopt tie colligation to be T-shaped grid grid I and grid II, " one " part of described T-shaped grid transverse direction is grid I, and longitudinal direction " I " part of described T-shaped grid is grid II; Lap width is not less than 10cm, and overlapping mode carries out colligation for adopting " it " byte point strapping with tie, and wire rope handling is spaced apart 2 ~ 3 meshes; The breaking load of described tie is not less than 2KN, carbon black content >=2%, and colligation nodal pitch is 10cm; Then with 1.5m × 1.25m for bottom surface, 1.3m is high, and colligation becomes grid boxes and baskets;
C () building stones are filled: the grid boxes and baskets prepared to step (b) are in-built fills out particle diameter 5 ~ 15cm cobble, is turned over to wrap up in by grid top cover and bind after filling, and by solid for edge colligation;
Described attacking and occupying is constructed as being sling by grid gabion and continuously, steadily slipping in water.
2. employing geo-grid structure according to claim 1 carries out the method that construction is attacked and occupied in river course, it is characterized in that: when building stones are filled to 85%, fills complete.
3. adopt geo-grid structure to carry out the method for spats construction, it is characterized in that: described geo-grid structure is grid gabion, the preparation of described grid gabion comprises following step:
(a) grid cutting: the grid polypropylene two-way grille of carbon black content >=2% being cut to two kinds of sizes, the transverse direction/endwise tensile strength of described two-way grille is 30KN/m, mesh size 4.5 × 4.5cm; Grid I is of a size of 4 × 1.3m, and grid II is of a size of 1.5 × 4m;
(b) grid colligation: adopt tie colligation to be T-shaped grid grid I and grid II, " one " part of described T-shaped grid transverse direction is grid I, and longitudinal direction " I " part of described T-shaped grid is grid II; Lap width is not less than 10cm, and overlapping mode carries out colligation for adopting " it " byte point strapping with tie, and wire rope handling is spaced apart 2 ~ 3 meshes; The breaking load of described tie is not less than 2KN, carbon black content >=2%, and colligation nodal pitch is 10cm; Then with 1.5m × 1.25m for bottom surface, 1.3m is high, and colligation becomes grid boxes and baskets;
C () building stones are filled: the grid boxes and baskets prepared to step (b) are in-built fills out particle diameter 5 ~ 15cm cobble, is turned over to wrap up in by grid top cover and bind after filling, and by solid for edge colligation;
The construction of described spats comprises the steps: that (I) is according to first buttress arc section, and the order layering of rear straightway is jettisoninged gabion continuously, and one deck of having jettisoninged is jettisoninged the second layer again, makes upper and lower gabion staggered; (II) after gabion has been thrown, fill the gap of gabion with loose jackstone block, the fall apart quality of jackstone block of monolithic is not less than 30kg, and the cumulative volume of described loose jackstone block is 1/3 of geogrid gabion volume.
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| CN202280069U (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-06-20 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Gabion foundation |
| CN202809624U (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-03-20 | 徐国东 | Reinforced soil engineering grating gabion slope protection component |
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