CN104311698A - Kelp deep processing method - Google Patents
Kelp deep processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104311698A CN104311698A CN201410608293.1A CN201410608293A CN104311698A CN 104311698 A CN104311698 A CN 104311698A CN 201410608293 A CN201410608293 A CN 201410608293A CN 104311698 A CN104311698 A CN 104311698A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine chemical engineering and relates to a comprehensive utilization deep processing method for kelp. According to the comprehensive utilization deep processing method for the kelp, various decomposers can be extracted and separated from the kelp; after the kelp is soaked and is subjected to water extraction, filtrate and kelp residues are obtained; after the filtrate is ultra-filtered, permeate and concentrated solution are obtained; the permeate can be used as a raw material for extracting iodine and mannitol; the concentrated solution is concentrated, deposited and dried to obtain fucose with very high medical value; the kelp residues are subjected to alkaline extraction, acid precipitation, alkali dissolution and alcohol precipitation to obtain sodium alginate. According to the method, a process of extracting the fucose is added, so that the yield of sodium alginate is obviously improved, the comprehensive utilization value of the kelp is greatly increased, and the technical improvement of the seaweed gel industry is promoted; the operation is simple, the conditions are easy to control, the cost is low, the output efficiency is high and the purity of a finished product is high.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to thalassochemistry field of engineering technology, relate to a kind of comprehensive utilization deep processing method for bulk kelp, the multi-products such as Fucose and sodium alginate can be obtained simultaneously, achieve effective utilization of resource.
Background technology:
Bulk kelp is phaeophyta Laminariales bulk kelp section Macrocystis, and because its individuality reaches more than 100 meter, ripe bulk kelp generally has 70 meters ~ 80 meters long, and the longest reaches 500 meters, is thus called as bulk kelp; The chief value of bulk kelp is the important source material of chemical industry, the energy, medicine and other fields, the plant materials of bulk kelp is pulverized, add fermentable after several days, every 1000 tons of raw materials just can produce 4000 cubic metres of inflammable gass based on methane, transformation efficiency reaches more than 80%, utilizes this biogas to make raw material and also can manufacture alcohol, acetone etc.; Can increase by tens times or tens times with bulk kelp as the iodine-enriched egg amount of iodine of feed addictive of layer chicken output, effect is better than sea-tangle; Its algin content is close with sea-tangle, has essential industry and is worth; Again due to containing amino acid and trace element, can be used for treatment puerpera anaemia, make hemochrome be increased to 12g, efficient is 85%, can also reduce flu sickness rate, to the shortening course of disease with relax symptom and also have peculiar effect.Sodium alginate is a kind of important foodstuffs additive deriving from marine algae grown up in the last few years, it is as a kind of natural polysaccharide, have the stability needed for pharmaceutical preparation auxiliary material, solvability, viscosity and security, China is very large to the demand of sodium alginate.The general preparation technology of sodium alginate is: by dry/wet sea grass (algae) through pulverizing, the extraction of ion, strong lye, after clarification thick alginate solution, colored alginate calcium is obtained again through calcium chloride precipitation, then after decolouring, de-taste, acid treatment is used, removing soluble impurity obtains Lalgine precipitation, and obtain sodium alginate with sodium carbonate effect, then drying, pulverize, sieve to obtain i.e. obtained sodium alginate powder.At the raw material that China mainly produces using sea-tangle as sodium alginate, but the backwardness of rise and production technology day by day due to sea-tangle price, make to be that the profit of raw material production sodium alginate remains little with sea-tangle, therefore from the nineties in 20th century, numerous domestic producer adopts import bulk kelp as raw material production sodium alginate one after another.
But utilize bulk kelp to prepare sodium alginate and be fade-in predicament, on the one hand, because natural resources amount is limited, artificial culture technology is immature again, and the annual production of bulk kelp obviously reduces, and causes price to rise steadily, and makes the production cost of sodium alginate increase thereupon; On the other hand, the Technology that bulk kelp prepares sodium alginate is not mature enough, such as a kind of method adopting bulk kelp to prepare sodium alginate disclosed in Chinese patent 200810126715.6, it adopts bulk kelp to be raw material, through pre-treatment, digestion, calcification and decalcification, dehydration, neutralization and oven dry, mixture and abrasive dust packaging and other steps, and in digestive process, use flocculation agent to foam, final obtained sodium alginate, aforesaid method process is complicated, the time long, yield poorly, and causes the significant wastage of raw material bulk kelp; Therefore, the present invention works out a kind of bulk kelp deep processing method, effectively can reduce the production cost of sodium alginate, increases the added value of bulk kelp, improves seaweed gel industrial technology.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings such as cost in prior art is high, productive rate is low, seek to design a kind of bulk kelp deep processing method, take bulk kelp as raw material through soak and after water extraction filtrate and bulk kelp slag, filtrate after filtration, concentrated, to precipitate and oven dry obtains having multiple bioactive Fucose; Bulk kelp slag through digestion, dilution, filter, acid is heavy, alkali is molten, obtain sodium alginate after alcohol precipitation.
To achieve these goals, the concrete technology step of the bulk kelp deep processing method that the present invention relates to comprises:
(1) distilled water that the bulk kelp of getting oven dry puts into 5 times of weight ratios soaks 0.5-48 hour, filtrate and bulk kelp slag is obtained through coarse filtration again after water extraction 0.5-24 hour, then by the membrane ultrafiltration of filtrate through 3600-500000Da molecular weight cut-off, obtain permeate and concentrated solution, permeate can be used as the raw material extracting iodine and N.F,USP MANNITOL;
(2) weight percent concentrated solution being added after Conventional concentration 3 times of volumes is 95% aqueous ethanolic solution, and temperature control 4 DEG C places 12-20 hour, then through centrifugal, precipitation and obtained Fucose after drying, the extraction yield of Fucose is 0.6%-1.0%;
(3) in bulk kelp slag, the sodium carbonate (NaCO that weight percent concentration is 0.5%-5% is added
3) aqueous solution, extract 1-48h, through dilution and filtration, adjust ph is 2, add after refiltering weight percent concentration be 2% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution algin is all dissolved, then the weight percent adding 2 times of volumes is 95% aqueous ethanolic solution, obtains sodium alginate after filtration, packaging of weighing after oven dry.
The method of the water extraction in the step (1) that the present invention relates to comprises the methods such as heating poach, High Temperature High Pressure extraction, ultrasonic wave or microwave radiation exaraction; Conventional concentration described in step (2) refers to that underpressure distillation, rotary evaporation or traditional vacuum concentrate; In step (3), the mass ratio of aqueous sodium carbonate consumption and bulk kelp slag dry weight is 6-40:1, and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution consumption is 6-40:1 with the volume mass ratio of bulk kelp slag dry weight; Utilize the method to prepare the extraction yield of sodium alginate for 23%-50% in the present invention, obtained sodium alginate viscosity is ultra-low viscosity, and viscosity is less than 100mPa.s.
The present invention is compared with technique in prior art, multiple resolvent can be gone out by extraction and isolation from bulk kelp, bulk kelp is obtained filtrate and bulk kelp slag after immersion, water extraction, filtrate obtains permeate and concentrated solution after ultrafiltration, permeate can be used as the raw material carrying iodine and N.F,USP MANNITOL, and concentrated solution is the obtained Fucose with very high medical value after concentrated, precipitation, oven dry; Bulk kelp slag is carried through alkali, acid is heavy, alkali is molten, obtained sodium alginate after alcohol precipitation; This method increase the technique extracting Fucose, make the productive rate of sodium alginate significantly improve simultaneously, substantially increase the comprehensive utilization value of bulk kelp, facilitate the technological improvement of seaweed gel industry; It is simple to operate, and condition is easily controlled, with low cost, and output efficiency is high, and finished product purity is good.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the technical process schematic block diagram of the bulk kelp deep processing method that the present invention relates to.
Embodiment:
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Get the bulk kelp 20g of oven dry, add 200ml distilled water immersion 8 hours, 70 DEG C of water-baths extract 8 hours, obtain filtrate and bulk kelp slag after coarse filtration, by the membrane ultrafiltration of filtrate through 3600Da molecular weight cut-off, obtain permeate and concentrated solution; Wherein permeate can as the raw material extracting iodine and N.F,USP MANNITOL; The weight percent that concentrated solution adds 3 times of volumes after underpressure distillation Conventional concentration is 95% aqueous ethanolic solution, places 12 hours under 4 DEG C of temperature controls, then through centrifugal, precipitation and obtained Fucose after drying, the extraction yield of Fucose is 0.6%; Sodium carbonate (the NaCO that weight percent concentration is 0.5% is added in bulk kelp slag
3) aqueous solution 150ml, extract 1 hour, through dilution and filtration, adjust ph is 2, add after refiltering weight percent concentration be 2% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution 400ml algin is all dissolved, then the weight percent adding 2 times of volumes is 95% aqueous ethanolic solution, obtains sodium alginate after filtration, packaging of weighing after oven dry; Known after testing, the extraction yield of sodium alginate is 23%, and viscosity is 80.4mPa.s.
Embodiment 2:
Get the bulk kelp 20g of oven dry, add 200ml distilled water immersion 0.5 hour, 90 DEG C of water-baths extract 8 hours, obtain filtrate and bulk kelp slag after coarse filtration, by the membrane ultrafiltration of filtrate through 5000Da molecular weight cut-off, obtain permeate and concentrated solution; Wherein permeate can as the raw material extracting iodine and N.F,USP MANNITOL; The weight percent that concentrated solution adds 3 times of volumes after underpressure distillation Conventional concentration is 95% aqueous ethanolic solution, places 12 hours under 4 DEG C of temperature controls, then through centrifugal, precipitation and obtained Fucose after drying, the extraction yield of Fucose is 0.8%; Sodium carbonate (the NaCO that weight percent concentration is 3% is added in bulk kelp slag
3) aqueous solution 150ml, extract 20 hours, through dilution and filtration, adjust ph is 2, add after refiltering weight percent concentration be 2% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution 300ml algin is all dissolved, then the weight percent adding 2 times of volumes is 95% aqueous ethanolic solution, obtains sodium alginate after filtration, packaging of weighing after oven dry; Known after testing, the extraction yield of sodium alginate is 50%, and viscosity is 50.6mPa.s.
Embodiment 3:
Get the bulk kelp 20g of oven dry, add 200ml distilled water immersion 48 hours, 80 DEG C of water-baths extract 24 hours, obtain filtrate and bulk kelp slag after coarse filtration, by the membrane ultrafiltration of filtrate through 3600Da molecular weight cut-off, obtain permeate and concentrated solution; Wherein permeate can as the raw material extracting iodine and N.F,USP MANNITOL; The weight percent that concentrated solution adds 3 times of volumes after underpressure distillation Conventional concentration is 95% aqueous ethanolic solution, places 12 hours under 4 DEG C of temperature controls, then through centrifugal, precipitation and obtained Fucose after drying, the extraction yield of Fucose is 1.0%; Sodium carbonate (the NaCO that weight percent concentration is 5% is added in bulk kelp slag
3) aqueous solution 150ml, extract 48 hours, through dilution and filtration, adjust ph is 2, add after refiltering weight percent concentration be 2% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution 500ml algin is all dissolved, then the weight percent adding 2 times of volumes is 95% aqueous ethanolic solution, obtains sodium alginate after filtration, packaging of weighing after oven dry; Known after testing, the extraction yield of sodium alginate is 33%, and viscosity is 40.8mPa.s.
Embodiment 4:
Get the bulk kelp 20g of oven dry, add 300ml distilled water immersion 24 hours, 80 DEG C of water-baths extract 0.5 hour, obtain filtrate and bulk kelp slag after coarse filtration, by the membrane ultrafiltration of filtrate through 500000Da molecular weight cut-off, obtain permeate and concentrated solution; Wherein permeate can as the raw material extracting iodine and N.F,USP MANNITOL; The weight percent that concentrated solution adds 3 times of volumes after underpressure distillation Conventional concentration is 95% aqueous ethanolic solution, places 20 hours under 4 DEG C of temperature controls, then through centrifugal, precipitation and obtained Fucose after drying, the extraction yield of Fucose is 0.8%; Sodium carbonate (the NaCO that weight percent concentration is 4% is added in bulk kelp slag
3) aqueous solution 200ml, extract 11 hours, through dilution and filtration, adjust ph is 2, add after refiltering weight percent concentration be 2% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) aqueous solution 300ml algin all dissolve, then the weight percent adding 2 times of volumes is 95% aqueous ethanolic solution, obtains sodium alginate after filtration, packaging of weighing after oven dry; Known after testing, the extraction yield of sodium alginate is 30%, and viscosity is 80.2mPa.s.
Claims (5)
1. a bulk kelp deep processing method, is characterized in that concrete technology step comprises:
(1) distilled water that the bulk kelp of getting oven dry puts into 5 times of weight ratios soaks 0.5-48 hour, filtrate and bulk kelp slag is obtained through coarse filtration again after water extraction 0.5-24 hour, then by the membrane ultrafiltration of filtrate through 3600-500000Da molecular weight cut-off, obtain permeate and concentrated solution, permeate can be used as the raw material extracting iodine and N.F,USP MANNITOL;
(2) weight percent concentrated solution being added after Conventional concentration 3 times of volumes is 95% aqueous ethanolic solution, and temperature control 4 DEG C places 12-20 hour, then through centrifugal, precipitation and obtained Fucose after drying, the extraction yield of Fucose is 0.6%-1.0%;
(3) in bulk kelp slag, the aqueous sodium carbonate that weight percent concentration is 0.5%-5% is added, extract 1-48h, through dilution and filtration, adjust ph is 2, add after refiltering weight percent concentration be 2% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution algin is all dissolved, then the weight percent adding 2 times of volumes is 95% aqueous ethanolic solution, obtains sodium alginate after filtration, packaging of weighing after oven dry.
2. bulk kelp deep processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the method for water extraction in described step (1) comprises heating poach, High Temperature High Pressure extraction, ultrasonic wave or microwave radiation exaraction.
3. bulk kelp deep processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that in described step (2), Conventional concentration refers to that underpressure distillation, rotary evaporation or traditional vacuum are concentrated.
4. bulk kelp deep processing method according to claim 1, the mass ratio that it is characterized in that aqueous sodium carbonate consumption and bulk kelp slag dry weight in described step (3) is 6-40:1, and the mass ratio of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution consumption and bulk kelp slag dry weight is 6-40:1.
5. the bulk kelp deep processing method according to any one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the extraction yield that the method prepares sodium alginate is 23%-50%, obtained sodium alginate viscosity is less than 100mPa.s.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN105419365A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-03-23 | 陈一坚 | Black liquid mulching film and preparation method thereof |
| CN105693031A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-22 | 北京建筑大学 | Method and device for synthesizing alginates in sewage treatment process |
| CN105707063A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-29 | 何辉海 | Seaweed liquid-state mulch powder with weeding function and using method thereof |
| CN108967940A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛明月海藻生物科技有限公司 | A kind of brown algae dietary fibre powder |
| CN111513300A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-11 | 湖南利诺生物药业有限公司 | Preparation method of algae iodine and application of algae iodine in algae iodine salt |
| CN112807340A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-05-18 | 烟台洲际海洋生物科技有限公司 | Fucoidin buccal tablet with function of preventing halitosis and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105693031B (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-09-18 | 北京建筑大学 | The method and equipment of alginates are synthesized in a kind of sewage disposal process |
| CN108967940A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛明月海藻生物科技有限公司 | A kind of brown algae dietary fibre powder |
| CN111513300A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2020-08-11 | 湖南利诺生物药业有限公司 | Preparation method of algae iodine and application of algae iodine in algae iodine salt |
| CN112807340A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-05-18 | 烟台洲际海洋生物科技有限公司 | Fucoidin buccal tablet with function of preventing halitosis and preparation method thereof |
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