CN104308163A - Screw and powder injection molding method thereof - Google Patents
Screw and powder injection molding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104308163A CN104308163A CN201410567145.XA CN201410567145A CN104308163A CN 104308163 A CN104308163 A CN 104308163A CN 201410567145 A CN201410567145 A CN 201410567145A CN 104308163 A CN104308163 A CN 104308163A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a screw and a powder injection molding method thereof. The method includes the steps of firstly, mixing powder metal materials and binder with the mass ratio being 100:20-200 to form homogeneous feeding materials; secondly, placing the feeding materials into an injection molding machine to perform injection molding so as to obtain injection molding blanks; thirdly, dewaxing; fourthly, pre-sintering at the temperature of 200-800 DEG C to obtain pre-sintered blanks; fifthly, rising the temperature to 1000-2500 DEG C to sinter the pre-sintered blanks for 1-10 hours under a protective atmosphere to obtain screws. The method has the advantages that the binder is added into metal materials for mixing, the metal materials can form the injection molding blanks through injection molding, the binder is completely discharged by dewaxing and pre-sintering, the screws formed by high-temperature sintering, porosity of the screws is reduced greatly, machining procedures are reduced, production efficiency is increased, and the products after injection molding are good in consistency and repeatability.
Description
Technical field
the invention belongs to field of mechanical technique, be specifically related to a kind of powder injection molding forming method of screw rod, in particular the powder injection molding forming method of oil press screw rod and screw rod product.
Background technology
the harm of waste oil, hogwash fat, saliva oil, false oil, malicious oil, expired oil is self-evident, though country is sternly hit, but still remains existing despite repeated prohibition, people talk " oil " look and become, but the way of not evading, people cannot determine that whether genuine the oil eaten every day is healthy all the time.The household small-size oil press that market was released in recent years can solve the problem of oil product health, this oil press generally adopts screw-type extrusion formula to squeeze, can the multiple oil crops such as expressing peanut, soybean, vegetable seed, cottonseed, oily certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, sesame, tea seed, paulownia seed, castor-oil plant, almond, flaxseed, safflower oilseeds, oenothera seed.Oil plant elite is extracted completely, contamination-freely, and oil yield is high, the oil of squeezing out fully can keep the genuineness of raw material, retain various nutritional labeling, color just can be kept complete without the need to any additive, not containing dissolvent residual and saponified matter content, be the extraction means of the green non-pollution that a kind of modern crafts combine with traditional handicraft.
domestic oil press screw rod is oil press key technology, and screw rod generally adopts food-grade stainless steel 304, and it inputs outer six sides by power and spiral part forms: spiral part comprises the reducings such as charging, extruding, oil expression, deslagging and forms; Screw rod generally has two kinds of processing modes, and one is turning, milling, and the method speed is slow, tool wear is serious, fineness is poor, damage serious to machine tool lead screw, guide rail; Two, screw rod whirling mill and hydraulic pressure whirlwind Milling Machining technology, this equipment investment is large, and processing charges is higher.
in order to solve the problem of stainless steel screw rod working (machining) efficiency and cost aspect, the invention provides a kind of powder injection molding scheme.
Summary of the invention
the object of this invention is to provide a kind of powder injection molding forming method of screw rod, in particular the powder injection molding forming method of oil press screw rod.
second object of the present invention is to provide the low screw rod product of a kind of porosity.
unless otherwise defined, all scientific and technical terminologies used herein have those of ordinary skill in field belonging to the present invention identical meanings in common knowledge.When contradiction, be as the criterion with this description comprising definition.
the invention describes suitable method and material, but be similar to or be equivalent to the method for the invention and material and can be used for implementing or inspection the present invention.In the present invention, described number is all parts by weight.
in the present invention, described injection machine (also claiming injection moulding machine) refers under pressure, plastics or rubber is injected into a kind of former that tool in pattern makes various shape.
technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
a powder injection molding forming method for screw rod, comprises the following steps:
(1) by powdered metal material and binding agent in mass ratio for 100:20-200 carries out the feeding being mixed into homogeneous;
(2) feeding is inserted injection machine and carry out injection mo(u)lding, obtain injection moulding base;
(3) injection moulding base is carried out dewaxing technique process;
(4) the injection moulding base after dewaxing is 200 DEG C-800 DEG C in temperature and carries out pre-burning, remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base, obtain presintered compact;
(5) under protective atmosphere, be warming up to 1000-2500 DEG C and sintering 1-10h is carried out to presintered compact, obtain screw rod product.
preferred version is, in described step (2) before injection moulding, first pre-sets a screw rod embedded component in injection machine mould inside, then pellet is inserted injection machine and carry out injection moulding.
preferably, the injection temperature of the middle injection machine of described step (2) is 150-350 DEG C, injection pressure is 5-130Mpa, and mold temperature is 30-80 DEG C.
wherein injection temperature is 150-350 DEG C, if temperature is too low, then because feeding viscosity is large, slowly, required injection pressure is high, easily causes and shorts in flowing; If temperature is too high, cause two-phase laminated flow, cool time is long.And mold temperature requires as 30-50 DEG C, if too low, then can condensation fast, cause article surface defect due to thermal stress; Temperature is too high, meeting sticking to mould, and slowly, jet power is strong, easily causes the defect such as pore, cavity in cooling.Injection pressure is 5-130mpa, if hypotony, flow velocity is slow, condensation thickness, causes shorting, the defect such as face crack; If hypertonia, cause the defect such as mucous membrane, overlap.
in described step (3), dewaxing technique process refers to and is placed in stove by injection moulding base, dewaxes in 100-300 DEG C of heating 1-30h; Or injection moulding base is infiltrated 0.5-15h in a solvent dewax.
in the present invention, dewaxing technique has two kinds, one is placed in temperature stove to carry out dewaxing technique process in 100-300 DEG C of heating 1-30h, its heating-up temperature be 100-300 DEG C very crucial, if the too low meeting of temperature causes dewaxing technique time lengthening, too high meeting causes binding agent partially carbonized, removes not exclusively.Two is infiltrated by injection moulding base to dewax in 25-50 DEG C of solvent, thus binding agent is removed by follow-up pre-burning workshop section relatively thorough, improve follow-up sintering effect.
described solvent is at least one in normal heptane, cyclohexane, chloromethanes, gasoline, and described solvent temperature is 25-50 DEG C.
burn-in process is divided into three sections in described step (4), and wherein first paragraph temperature is 200-300 DEG C, the time is 30-180min; Second segment temperature is 300-500 DEG C, the time is 30-180min; 3rd section of temperature is 500-800 DEG C, the time is 30-180min; After binding agent has removed, then be warming up to 900-1000 DEG C, insulation 1-2h, pre-burning obtains the presintered compact with some strength.
burn-in process of the present invention is divided into three sections of temperature classifications to carry out pre-burning, the temperature making pre-burning comparatively steadily, slowly, thus can avoid causing the part deformation in follow-up sintering link because the physical chemical differences of binding agent and metal material is excessive, split or the defect such as bubble.After binding agent has removed, then being warming up to 900-1000 DEG C of insulation 1-2h, is the phenomenon in order to prevent metal material in follow-up sintering process from occurring cracking, distortion.
described step passes into protective atmosphere in (4) before pre-burning.
more excellent scheme, described protective atmosphere is at least one in hydrogen, argon gas, methane, nitrogen or vacuum gas.
the average grain diameter of the powdered metal material in described step (1) is 0.1-50 μm; Powdered metal material is metal dust and/or metal oxide powder.
the present invention selects average grain diameter to be metal dust and/or the metal oxide powder of 0.1-50 μm, is because the material with carbon element powder easy-sintering of this particle size interval, is conducive to the shaping of later stage.If powder easy injection moulding spherical in shape, but injection moulding blank strength is low; When powder is irregularly shaped, injection moulding blank strength is high, not yielding after dewaxing technique process.
at least one in described metal dust chosen from Fe based powders, reduced iron powder, carbon structure comminuted steel shot, carbonyl iron dust, carbonyl nickel powder, carbonyl tungsten powder, stainless steel powder, high strength comminuted steel shot, low alloyed steel powder, carbide alloy, Copper and its alloy powder, nonferrous metal powder, refractory metal powder, rare earth metal and alloy powder, noble metal and alloy thereof or compound powder;
described metal oxide powder is selected from least one in Zirconium oxide powder, alumina powder, lime powder, croci, Zinc oxide powder, antimony oxide powder, lead oxide powder, cupric oxide powder.
further, described nonferrous metal powder is selected from least one in cobalt powder, magnesium powder, zinc powder, glass putty, bismuth meal and antimony powder;
described refractory metal powder is selected from least one in tungsten powder, molybdenum powder, nickel powder, cobalt powder, copper powder, tungsten carbide powder.
the raw material of described binding agent comprises thermoplastic resin and wax, and the quality of described thermoplastic resin accounts for 5-95 (wt) % of binding agent gross mass.
the raw material of described binding agent also comprises stearic acid; Described thermoplastic resin is at least one in polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; Described wax is at least one in paraffin, Brazil wax.
concrete binding agent is made up of the component of following number: 69 parts, paraffin, Brazil wax 10 parts, stearic acid 1 part, 20 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers;
or 50 parts of paraffin, 50 parts of low density polyethylene (LDPE)s.
or 20 parts of polypropylene, 10 parts of paraffin, 68 parts of Brazil waxs, 1 part of stearic acid.
or 10 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, 79 parts of paraffin, 10 parts of Brazil waxs, 1 part of stearic acid.
or 70 parts of polystyrene, 15 parts of polypropylene, 10 parts of polyethylene, 5 parts of paraffin.
another goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of screw rod prepared according to above-mentioned powder injection molding forming method, and the porosity of described screw rod is 0.1-2.5%.
the present invention adds binding agent and mixes in metal material powder, metal material is made to be injection molded into injection moulding base by injection molding process, then again the binding agent added all is discharged by dewaxing technique and pre-sinter process, finally carry out 1000-2500 DEG C of high temperature sintering, thus it is shaping to achieve screw rod, and significantly reduce the porosity of product.
so beneficial effect of the present invention has:
(1) forming method of the present invention can by the labyrinth product of metal material moulding as oil press screw-type:
the present invention utilizes injection machine to be directly blank product by metal material and binding agent injection mo(u)lding, ensures that material is fully full of mold cavity, also just ensure that the realization of part labyrinth.In conventional machining techniques, first make the mode that Individual elements is combined into assembly in the past, and can consider to be integrated into complete single component when using the technology of the present invention, greatly reducing step, simplify procedure.
the technology of the present invention compares with other method for metal working, and product's dimensional precision is high, need not carry out secondary operations or only need a small amount of fine finishining.Injection molding technique can straight forming thin-walled, complex structural member, and article shape is close to final products requirement, and for reducing the processing cost being difficult to the carbide alloy carrying out machining, the refining losses reducing precious metal is especially significant.
(2) moulded products microstructure of the present invention is even, porosity is low
by the product that forming method of the present invention is shaping, the height of its porosity is the most important thing.Product porosity is low means that microstructure is closely knit, and the performance such as mechanics, electricity, calorifics are excellent.The oil press screw rod that the present invention molds, porosity is very low is only 0.1-2.5%, excellent performance.
(3) cost of forming method of the present invention is low, efficiency is high, is easy to realize in enormous quantities and large-scale production
forming method of the present invention, owing to utilizing injection machine shaped article blank, greatly improves production efficiency, reduces production cost, and the uniformity of injection molding product, reproducible, thus provides guarantee in enormous quantities and large-scale industrial production.
(4) suitable material scope is wide, and application is wide
the raw material adopted in forming method of the present invention widely, in principle any can the dusty material of high temperature sintering all applicable, comprise the difficult-to-machine material in conventional fabrication processes and materials with high melting point.In addition, the technology of the present invention also can require to carry out material prescription research according to user, manufactures the alloy material of any combination, is part, has greatly widened application by composite material forming.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1 is screw rod inserts,
fig. 2 is the profile of the oil press screw rod of one of shaped article,
in figure: 1 is screw rod inserts, 2 is injection moulding base.
Detailed description of the invention
below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
as shown in Figure 1, 2, adopt forming method of the present invention, first screw rod inserts 1 is placed in injection machine mould inside in advance, the feeding again powdered metal material and binding agent being mixed into homogeneous is placed in injection machine and carries out injection mo(u)lding and obtain injection moulding base 2, last again after dewaxing with preheating, carry out high temperature sintering and obtain screw rod product.
embodiment 1
(1) be the feeding that the carbonyl iron dust of 20 μm and the binding agent of 200 parts are mixed into homogeneous by 100 parts of particle diameters, binding agent by 50 parts of paraffin, 50 parts of low density polyethylene (LDPE)s compositions.
(2) injection machine mould inside pre-sets an inserts, and mold temperature is 30 DEG C; Mixing feeding is inserted injection machine and carries out injection mo(u)lding, obtained injection moulding base; Injection temperature is 150 DEG C, injection pressure is 5Mpa.
(3) injection moulding base is placed in stove, in 200 DEG C of heating 1h, dewaxing;
(4) under hydrogen shield atmosphere, the injection moulding base after dewaxing is carried out pre-burning, calcined temperature 200 DEG C insulation 180min, 300 DEG C of insulation 120min, 600 DEG C of insulation 100min, in order to remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base; Then be warming up to 1000 DEG C, insulation 2h, pre-burning obtains the presintered compact with some strength;
(5) under hydrogen shield atmosphere, by presintered compact at 1500 DEG C, sintering 10h, obtains screw rod product.
embodiment 2
(1) be the feeding that the carbonyl nickel powder powder of 10 μm and the binding agent of 150 parts are mixed into homogeneous by 100 parts of particle diameters, binding agent is made up of 20 parts of polypropylene, 10 parts of paraffin, 68 parts of Brazil waxs, 1 part of stearic acid.
(2) injection machine mould inside pre-sets an inserts, and mold temperature is 50 DEG C; Mixing feeding is inserted injection machine and carries out injection mo(u)lding, obtained injection moulding base; Injection temperature is 180 DEG C, injection pressure is 15Mpa.
(3) injection moulding base is placed in stove, is heated to 170 DEG C, temperature retention time 1h, dewaxing;
(4) under argon atmosphere, the injection moulding base after dewaxing is carried out pre-burning, calcined temperature 250 DEG C insulation 60min; (2) 400 DEG C of insulation 80min; (3) 700 DEG C of insulation 100min, in order to remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base; Then be warming up to 900 DEG C, insulation 2h, pre-burning obtains the presintered compact with some strength;
(5) under argon atmosphere, by presintered compact at 2500 DEG C, sintering 1h, obtains screw rod product.
embodiment 3
(1) be the feeding that the carbonyl tungsten powder powder of 1 μm and the binding agent of 100 parts are mixed into homogeneous by 100 parts of particle diameters, binding agent is made up of 10 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, 79 parts of paraffin, 10 parts of Brazil waxs, 1 part of stearic acid.
(2) injection machine mould inside pre-sets an inserts, and mold temperature is 80 DEG C; Mixing feeding is inserted injection machine and carries out injection mo(u)lding, obtained injection moulding base; Injection temperature is 200 DEG C, injection pressure is 35Mpa.
(3) injection moulding base is placed in stove, is heated to 170 DEG C, temperature retention time 10h, dewaxing;
(4) under argon atmosphere, the injection moulding base after dewaxing is carried out pre-burning, calcined temperature 300 DEG C insulation 30min; 500 DEG C of insulation 60min; 800 DEG C of insulation 180min; In order to remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base;
(5) under argon atmosphere, by presintered compact at 2200 DEG C, sintering 2h obtains screw rod product.
embodiment 4
(1) be the feeding that the carbonyl tungsten powder powder of 0.1 μm and the binding agent of 50 parts are mixed into homogeneous by 100 parts of particle diameters, binding agent by 70 parts of polystyrene, 15 parts of polypropylene, 10 parts of polyethylene, 5 parts of paraffin compositions.
(2) injection machine mould inside pre-sets an inserts, and mold temperature is 50 DEG C; Mixing feeding is inserted injection machine and carries out injection mo(u)lding, obtained injection moulding base; Injection temperature is 250 DEG C, injection pressure is 55Mpa.
(3) injection moulding base is placed in stove, is heated to 160 DEG C, temperature retention time 2h, dewaxing;
(4) under methane protective atmosphere, the injection moulding base after dewaxing is carried out pre-burning, calcined temperature 200 DEG C insulation 30min; 300 DEG C of insulation 30min; 800 DEG C of insulation 120min; In order to remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base; Be warming up to 1000 DEG C, insulation 1.5h, pre-burning obtains the presintered compact with some strength;
(5), under methane protective atmosphere, presintered compact is being warming up to 1800 DEG C, and sintering time 5h obtains screw rod product.
embodiment 5
(1) be 50 parts of carbonyl iron dusts of 0.001 μm by particle diameter, the binding agent of 50 parts of carbonyl nickel powders and 20 parts is mixed into the feeding of homogeneous, binding agent by 80 parts of polystyrene, 10 parts of polyethylene, 5 parts of paraffin compositions.
(2) injection machine mould inside pre-sets an inserts, and mold temperature is 40 DEG C; Mixing feeding is inserted injection machine and carries out injection mo(u)lding, obtained injection moulding base; Injection temperature is 150 DEG C, injection pressure is 100Mpa.
(3) injection moulding base is infiltrated at normal heptane: cyclohexane volume ratio is dewax in the mixed solvent of 1:1, solvent temperature 40 DEG C, temperature retention time 1h;
(4) under methane protective atmosphere, the injection moulding base after dewaxing is carried out pre-burning, calcined temperature 240 DEG C insulation 60min; 360 DEG C of insulation 60min; 700 DEG C of insulation 60min; In order to remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base; Be warming up to 1000 DEG C, insulation 2h, pre-burning obtains the presintered compact with some strength;
(5) under methane protective atmosphere, be warming up to 1200 DEG C, sintering 2h obtains screw rod product.
embodiment 6
(1) be the feeding that the Zirconium oxide powder of 0.01 μm and the binding agent of 10 parts are mixed into homogeneous by 100 parts of particle diameters, binding agent by 10 parts of polystyrene, 75 parts of polypropylene, 10 parts of polyethylene, 5 parts of paraffin compositions.
(2) injection machine mould inside pre-sets an inserts, and mold temperature is 40 DEG C; Mixing feeding is inserted injection machine and carries out injection mo(u)lding, obtained injection moulding base; Injection temperature is 210 DEG C, injection pressure is 75Mpa.
(3) infiltration of injection moulding base is dewaxed in chloromethanes, solvent temperature 30 DEG C, temperature retention time 1h;
(4) under nitrogen protection atmosphere, the injection moulding base after dewaxing is carried out pre-burning, calcined temperature 250 DEG C insulation 80min; 350 DEG C of insulation 60min; 600 DEG C of insulation 180min, in order to remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base; Be warming up to 1000 DEG C, insulation 1.5h, pre-burning obtains the presintered compact with some strength;
(5) under nitrogen protection atmosphere, be warming up to 1500 DEG C, sintering 1h obtains screw rod product.
embodiment 7
(1) be 40 parts of carbonyl iron dusts of 0.1 μm by particle diameter, the binding agent of 60 parts of cupric oxide powders and 5 parts is mixed into the feeding of homogeneous, and binding agent is made up of 5 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, 79 parts of paraffin, 15 parts of Brazil waxs, 1 part of stearic acid.
(2) injection machine mould inside pre-sets an inserts, and mold temperature is 60 DEG C; Mixing feeding is inserted injection machine and carries out injection mo(u)lding, obtained injection moulding base; Injection temperature is 250 DEG C, injection pressure is 85Mpa.
(3) infiltration of injection moulding base is dewaxed in the oil, solvent temperature 25 DEG C, temperature retention time 5h;
(4) under hydrogen shield atmosphere, the injection moulding base after dewaxing is carried out pre-burning, calcined temperature 300 DEG C insulation 30min; 400 DEG C of insulation 30min; 600 DEG C of insulation 120min, in order to remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base; Be warming up to 1000 DEG C, insulation 1.5h, pre-burning obtains the presintered compact with some strength;
(5) under hydrogen shield atmosphere, be warming up to 1300 DEG C, sintering 5h obtains screw rod product.
embodiment 8
(1) be 30 parts of carbonyl nickel powders of 0.01 μm by particle diameter, the binding agent of 70 parts of antimony oxide powder and 2 parts is mixed into the feeding of homogeneous, and binding agent is made up of 30 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, 59 parts of paraffin, 25 parts of Brazil waxs, 1 part of stearic acid.
(2) injection machine mould inside pre-sets an inserts, and mold temperature is 40 DEG C; Mixing feeding is inserted injection machine and carries out injection mo(u)lding, obtained injection moulding base; Injection temperature is 350 DEG C, injection pressure is 85Mpa.
(3) infiltration of injection moulding base is dewaxed in cyclohexane, solvent temperature 40 DEG C, temperature retention time 3h;
(4) under nitrogen protection atmosphere, the injection moulding base after dewaxing is carried out pre-burning, calcined temperature 200 DEG C insulation 30min; 300 DEG C of insulation 30min; 800 DEG C of insulation 120min, in order to remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base; Then be warming up to 1000 DEG C, insulation 2h, pre-burning obtains the presintered compact with some strength;
(5) under nitrogen protection atmosphere, be warming up to 1800 DEG C, sintering 1.5h obtains screw rod product.
embodiment 9
(1) be 80 parts of carbonyl iron dusts of 0.001 μm by particle diameter, the binding agent of 20 parts of cupric oxide powders and 80 parts is mixed into the feeding of homogeneous, and binding agent is made up of 15 parts of polypropylene copolymers, 69 parts of paraffin, 15 parts of Brazil waxs, 1 part of stearic acid.
(2) mixing feeding is inserted injection machine and carry out injection mo(u)lding, obtained injection moulding base; Injection temperature is 150 DEG C; Mold temperature is 40 DEG C; Injection pressure is 45Mpa.
(3) infiltration of injection moulding base is dewaxed in normal heptane, solvent temperature 50 DEG C, temperature retention time 0.5h;
(4) under hydrogen shield atmosphere, the injection moulding base after dewaxing is carried out pre-burning, calcined temperature 200 DEG C insulation 30min; 300 DEG C of insulation 30min; 800 DEG C of insulation 120min, in order to remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base; Be warming up to 950 DEG C, insulation 2h, pre-burning obtains the presintered compact with some strength;
(5) under hydrogen shield atmosphere, be warming up to 1400 DEG C, sintering 2h obtains screw rod product.
embodiment 10
(1) by particle diameter be 90 parts of carbonyl tungsten powders of 0.005 μm, the binding agent of 10 parts of antimony oxide powder and 40 parts is mixed into the feeding of homogeneous, binding agent is made up of 30 parts of polypropylene, 10 parts of paraffin, 58 parts of Brazil waxs, 2 parts of stearic acid.
(2) mixing feeding is inserted injection machine and carry out injection mo(u)lding, obtained injection moulding base; Injection temperature is 250 DEG C; Mold temperature is 40 DEG C; Injection pressure is 95Mpa.
(3) injection moulding base is placed in stove, is heated to 300 DEG C, temperature retention time 5h, dewaxing;
(4) under methane protective atmosphere, the injection moulding base after dewaxing is carried out pre-burning, calcined temperature 200 DEG C insulation 30min; 300 DEG C of insulation 30min; 800 DEG C of insulation 120min, in order to remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base; Be warming up to 900 DEG C, insulation 1h, pre-burning obtains the presintered compact with some strength;
(5) under methane protective atmosphere, be warming up to 1000 DEG C, sintering 6h obtains screw rod product.
embodiment 11
(1) be the carbonyl tungsten powder of 0.05 μm by 10 parts of particle diameters, the binding agent of 90 parts of Zinc oxide powders and 120 parts is mixed into the feeding of homogeneous, and binding agent is made up of 40 parts of polypropylene, 10 parts of paraffin, 48 parts of Brazil waxs, 1 part of stearic acid.
(2) mixing feeding is inserted injection machine and carry out injection mo(u)lding, obtained injection moulding base; Injection temperature is 150 DEG C; Mold temperature is 50 DEG C; Injection pressure is 100Mpa.
(3) injection moulding base is placed in stove, is heated to 100 DEG C, temperature retention time 30h, dewaxing;
(4) under methane protective atmosphere, the injection moulding base after dewaxing is carried out pre-burning, calcined temperature 240 DEG C insulation 60min; 360 DEG C of insulation 60min; 720 DEG C of insulation 90min, in order to remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base; Be warming up to 1000 DEG C, insulation 1h, pre-burning obtains the presintered compact with some strength;
(5) under methane protective atmosphere, be warming up to 1700 DEG C, sintering 3h obtains screw rod product.
embodiment 12
(1) be 50 parts of carbonyl iron dusts of 10 μm by particle diameter, the binding agent of 50 parts of Zirconium oxide powders and 160 parts is mixed into the feeding of homogeneous, and binding agent is made up of 50 parts of polypropylene, 10 parts of paraffin, 38 parts of Brazil waxs, 2 parts of stearic acid.
(2) mixing feeding is inserted injection machine and carry out injection mo(u)lding, obtained injection moulding base; Injection temperature is 150 DEG C; Mold temperature is 40 DEG C; Injection pressure is 130Mpa.
(3) injection moulding base is placed in stove, is heated to 160 DEG C, temperature retention time 3h, dewaxing;
(4) under methane protective atmosphere, the injection moulding base after dewaxing is carried out pre-burning, calcined temperature 250 DEG C insulation 120min; 350 DEG C of insulation 120min; 750 DEG C of insulation 100min; , in order to remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base; Be warming up to 800 DEG C, insulation 2h, pre-burning obtains the presintered compact with some strength.
(5) under methane protective atmosphere, be warming up to 1000 DEG C, sintering 8h obtains screw rod product.
screw rod product shaping for above-described embodiment 1-12 is detected its porosity, shown in table one specific as follows by porosity testing standard GB/T 24586-2009:
by the metallic article product that forming method of the present invention is shaping, its porosity is low, also means that the microstructure of product product is closely knit, makes the performance such as its mechanics, electricity, calorifics excellent.As can be seen from Table I, the material that the present invention molds has very low porosity, is 0.1-2.5%, excellent combination property, is easy to realize in enormous quantities and large-scale production.
above-mentioned is can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art to the description of embodiment.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various amendment to these embodiments, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments and need not through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to embodiment here, those skilled in the art, according to announcement of the present invention, do not depart from improvement that scope makes and amendment all should within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (14)
1. a powder injection molding forming method for screw rod, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) by powdered metal material and binding agent in mass ratio for 100:20-200 carries out the feeding being mixed into homogeneous;
(2) feeding is inserted injection machine and carry out injection mo(u)lding, obtain injection moulding base;
(3) injection moulding base is carried out dewaxing technique process;
(4) the injection moulding base after dewaxing is 200 DEG C-800 DEG C in temperature and carries out pre-burning, remove the surplus binder component in injection moulding base, obtain presintered compact;
(5) under protective atmosphere, be warming up to 1000-2500 DEG C and sintering 1-10h is carried out to presintered compact, obtain screw rod product.
2. the powder injection molding forming method of a kind of screw rod according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2) before injection moulding, first pre-sets a screw rod embedded component in injection machine mould inside, then pellet is inserted injection machine and carry out injection moulding.
3. the powder injection molding forming method of a kind of screw rod according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the injection temperature of the middle injection machine of described step (2) is 150-350 DEG C, injection pressure is 5-130Mpa, and mold temperature is 30-80 DEG C.
4. the powder injection molding forming method of a kind of screw rod according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (3), dewaxing technique process refers to and is placed in stove by injection moulding base, dewaxes in 100-300 DEG C of heating 1-30h; Or injection moulding base is infiltrated 0.5-15h in a solvent dewax.
5. the powder injection molding forming method of a kind of screw rod according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described solvent is at least one in normal heptane, cyclohexane, chloromethanes, gasoline, and described solvent temperature is 25-50 DEG C.
6. the powder injection molding forming method of a kind of screw rod according to claim 1, is characterized in that: burn-in process is divided into three sections in described step (4), and wherein first paragraph temperature is 200-300 DEG C, the time is 30-180min; Second segment temperature is 300-500 DEG C, the time is 30-180min; 3rd section of temperature is 500-800 DEG C, the time is 30-180min; After binding agent has removed, then be warming up to 900-1000 DEG C, insulation 1-2h, pre-burning obtains the presintered compact with some strength.
7. the powder injection molding forming method of a kind of screw rod according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step passes into protective atmosphere in (4) before pre-burning.
8. the powder injection molding forming method of a kind of screw rod according to claim 1 or 7, is characterized in that: described protective atmosphere is at least one in hydrogen, argon gas, methane, nitrogen or vacuum gas.
9. the powder injection molding forming method of a kind of screw rod according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the average grain diameter of the powdered metal material in described step (1) is 0.1-50 μm; Powdered metal material is metal dust and/or metal oxide powder.
10. the powder injection molding forming method of a kind of screw rod according to claim 9, is characterized in that: at least one in described metal dust chosen from Fe based powders, reduced iron powder, carbon structure comminuted steel shot, carbonyl iron dust, carbonyl nickel powder, carbonyl tungsten powder, stainless steel powder, high strength comminuted steel shot, low alloyed steel powder, carbide alloy, Copper and its alloy powder, nonferrous metal powder, refractory metal powder, rare earth metal and alloy powder, noble metal and alloy thereof or compound powder;
Described metal oxide powder is selected from least one in Zirconium oxide powder, alumina powder, lime powder, croci, Zinc oxide powder, antimony oxide powder, lead oxide powder, cupric oxide powder.
The powder injection molding forming method of 11. a kind of screw rods according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described nonferrous metal powder is selected from least one in cobalt powder, magnesium powder, zinc powder, glass putty, bismuth meal and antimony powder;
Described refractory metal powder is selected from least one in tungsten powder, molybdenum powder, nickel powder, cobalt powder, copper powder, tungsten carbide powder.
The powder injection molding forming method of 12. a kind of screw rods according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the raw material of described binding agent comprises thermoplastic resin and wax, and the quality of described thermoplastic resin accounts for 5-95 (wt) % of binding agent gross mass.
The powder injection molding forming method of 13. a kind of screw rods according to claim 12, is characterized in that: the raw material of described binding agent also comprises stearic acid; Described thermoplastic resin is at least one in polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; Described wax is at least one in paraffin, Brazil wax.
Screw rod prepared by 14. 1 kinds of any one powder injection molding forming methods as described in claim 1-13, is characterized in that: the porosity of described screw rod is 0.1-2.5%.
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