CN104301973B - A kind of method of wireless body area network fast wake-up association - Google Patents
A kind of method of wireless body area network fast wake-up association Download PDFInfo
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- CN104301973B CN104301973B CN201410598609.3A CN201410598609A CN104301973B CN 104301973 B CN104301973 B CN 104301973B CN 201410598609 A CN201410598609 A CN 201410598609A CN 104301973 B CN104301973 B CN 104301973B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/54—Signalisation aspects of the TPC commands, e.g. frame structure
- H04W52/58—Format of the TPC bits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
- H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
- H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
- H04W52/0229—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal where the received signal is a wanted signal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of wireless body area network fast wake-up association, the method for the wireless body area network fast wake-up association includes determining frame head, frame and the postamble of wake-up association；Brand-new unicast Wakeup frames and clean culture wake up relation mechanism are included using clean culture wake up association；Multicast wakes up association includes multicast Wakeup frames, allocation index table and multicast wake up relation mechanism.Present invention reduces from the time waken up to needed for MK foundation, reduce the time that node waits, so as to reduce the loss of node energy, the wake-up association process available for sensing node in wireless body area network to a certain extent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication technical field, more particularly to a kind of method of wireless body area network fast wake-up association.
Background technology
Wireless body area network (WBAN), i.e. Wireless Body Area Network, can be regarded as wireless sensor network
A kind of special applications of network (WSN), it refers to a series of wireless network that wireless sensor devices that can be dressed are formed.WBAN
Human body will be become a part for communication network so that people become increasingly dependent on wireless network in daily life, so as to true
Ubiquitousization of network is realized in positive meaning.
Human body sensor network is mainly used in patient monitoring, the measurement of physiological parameter etc..Various sensors are measured
Data be sent to by wireless network transmissions mode on special monitor or various communication equipments.WBAN is in medical treatment ＆ health
The important application of aspect so that WBAN importance has obtained more preferable embodiment.International normal structure Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) have been completed the international standard system related to WBAN
It is fixed --- IEEE802.15.6.It the standards define the company that a kind of transmission rate reaches as high as about 3 meters of 10Mbps, longest distance
Knot technology.Different from other short distances, low-consumption wireless technology, new standard especially considers the application on human body or in human body.
Include a wireless body area net controller Hub and multiple wireless body area network sensing node BN in WBAN.BN can be distributed in life
Each corner of object, it is main to be responsible for collection biological information, and the information collected is sent to Hub；Hub is responsible for controlling BN,
Command information is sent to sensing node, collects the signal of processing sensing node transmission.Server is carried out by transmission network and Hub
Communication, the various features index of human body is monitored in real time.
Sensor technology is WBAN important foundation, and miniaturization, intellectuality, high accuracy, the various kinds of sensors of low-power are
WBAN necessary condition is supported, wherein most sensor is all by battery powered.It is limited for implanted node
The energy content of battery need in considerably long life cycle support sensor work, battery charge or change battery on, be
Extremely difficult.So the power consumption of body network node is very important performance indications.
In the standard 802.15.6 for the WBAN that current IEEE is announced, there is provided node and Hub four kinds of shapes in the mac layer
State, is Orphan, Associated, Secured, Connected respectively, and node undergoes four kinds successively when establishing and connect with Hub
State and not across state.
In Orphan states, node (or Hub) carries out information exchange by security association frame and Hub (or node), realizes
MK foundation and node and Hub are mutually authenticated, and it is available that security association frame shares five kinds of patterns, is that MK pre-share is closed respectively
Connection, non-authentication associates, public key hides association, password authentication association and shown authentication associated.MK pre-share associates therein use
Standard-key cryptography, other four kinds then use elliptic curve cryptosystem.Association request typically acquiescence is initiated by node, if MK
Activation produces successfully, and node enters NextState with Hub, otherwise continues Orphan states.
In Associated states, the MK that node is generated or activated with previous step with Hub is produced by standard-key cryptography
PTK.PTK is successfully generated posterior nodal point and Hub and enters NextState jointly, otherwise continues Associated states, if
MK is invalid under Associated states, and node can return to Orphan states, and node (or Hub) can be terminated by separating claim frame
Current association and current MK simultaneously return to Orphan states.
In Secured states, by connection request, (or connection distributes node, and tie point distribution frame is sent to section by Hub
Point) frame and Hub establish and connect, and connection enters final Connected states after being successfully established.If PTK it is invalid or
Connected_NID is lost, then returns to Associated states, and current association and current MK can be terminated by separating claim frame
And return to Orphan states.
In Connected states, node under connection status, is saving the Connected_NID of distribution, and one is called out
Wake up and plan.Node and Hub can transmit any frame for having ensured safety, in.During if PTK is regenerated MK lose or
Invalid, node can return to Orphan states.If their PTK loss or invalid, node and Hub need to return to Associated
State.Current association and current MK can be terminated by separating claim frame and return to Orphan states.Can by disconnecting frame
Currently connected with termination and return to Associated states.
Because consumption of the WBAN to power requires very harsh, so IEEE802.15.6 is defined in Connected
The node of state carries out the dormancy in cycle/call out according to the regulation in the tactful domain of wake-up in connection request (or connection distribute) frame
Wake up, to save energy.For the node being under Orphan states, its processor is operated in low-power mode, waits Hub's
Wakeup or T-Poll frames wake up with into mode of operation.By the research to current IEEE802.15.6 standards, wake up
Strategy wakes up the node in Orphan states and the problem of following occurs.
1. for non-authentication associates, public key hides association, password authentication association and shown authentication associated, it is necessary to send first
Wake-up signal, association request is then initiated by node, complete MK negotiation and be mutually authenticated with Hub.Said process compares
It is cumbersome, a certain degree of power attenuation can be caused.
2. when GTK is distributed, it may be desirable to which Hub is associated process simultaneously with multiple nodes, in IEEE802.15.6
It is not described in detail in standard, if still using the interrelational form of single order, the time mistake that node can be caused to wait
Journey, so as to cause the waste of node energy.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of wireless body area network fast wake-up association, it is intended to solves existing
The method of some wireless body area network fast wake-up associations is existing to be waken up and is established during MK between Hub and node
Time and step it is tediously long and complicated the problem of.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of method of wireless body area network fast wake-up association, the wireless body area
The method of net fast wake-up association includes determining frame head, frame and the postamble of wake-up association；Included using clean culture wake up association brand-new
Unicast Wakeup frames and clean culture wake up relation mechanism；Multicast wakes up association includes multicast Wakeup frames, and allocation index number is right
According to table and multicast wake up relation mechanism.
Further, the frame head of wake-up association includes FC, HID/NID, BAN ID, and wherein FC controls for frame head, including agreement version
The frame control information such as sheet, Ack strategies, level of security, frame type, the type that frame is set in frame controls is Control Cooling, subclass
Type is Wakeup frames；Shorten code, the reception for frame data in the address that HID/NID is Hub and BN；BAN ID are work at present
The shortening address of body area network, for marking the body area network residing for the frame data.
Further, step 2, waking up frame includes Add_a, Add_b, SSS, Asso_ctrl, SAD；Wherein Add_a is
The BN node address or BN address search code that Hub requirements are authenticated therewith, the M=6 bytes in unicast, more sowing time M's
Size is variable；Add_b is the Hub addresses of currently transmitted wake-up correlation signal；SSS is safe socket character selects domain, for determining
A series of information for needed for security association of current security association agreement, level of security, frame certification control, cipher function；
Asso_ctrl controls for security association, including inteerelated order row number and association status；SAD is security association data, includes Hub's
Random number N once_b caused by public key and current Hub, 0~(2128- 1) randomly selected in, for the certification after wake-up
Work.
Further, wake up postamble to be made up of FCS, using cyclic redundancy sequence CRC check；
Further, unicast association process specifically includes：
Step 1, Hub are corresponding value according to SSS, Asso_ctrl domain that needs to set of present communications, select oneself
Private key SKb, calculate PKb=SKb× G, construct Wakeup frames；After Wakeup frames are sent, T-Poll frames are sent to node；
Step 2, after node receives wake-up association, obtain the configuration information of this secondary association and Hub public key PKb, Ran Houxuan
Select the private key SK of oneselfaA length of 256 bit, calculate public key PKa=SKa× G, after calculating public key, node calculates based on password again
Public key, PKa'=PKa- Q (PW), wherein Q (PW)=(QX, QY), QX=232×PW+MX.Node is according to the Wakeup frames received
In Nonce_b and itself selection Nonce_a calculate：
KMAC_1A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_a | | Add_b | | Nonce_a | | Nonce_b | | SSS, 64)
KMAC_2A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_a | | Nonce_b | | Nonce_a | | SSS, 64)；
Node utilizes the information PK of above-mentioned calculatinga', KMAC_2A construct the first association request frame, and to Hub send；
Step 3, after Hub receives the first association request frame, the public key PK of present node is restored firsta=PKa'+Q (PW), Q
(PW)=(QX, QY), QX=232×PW+MX；MXTo make QXMeet the minimum nonnegative integer of the point on elliptic curve；Calculate DHKey
=X (SKb×PKa)=X (SKa×SKb× G), X () function is the X-coordinate value for taking elliptic curve key here, Temp_1=
RMB_128 (DHKey), calculated according to the information received and the information being calculated：
KMAC_1B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_a | | Add_b | | Nonce_a | | Nonce_b | | SSS, 64)
KMAC_2B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_a | | Nonce_b | | Nonce_a | | SSS, 64)
The KMAC_2A that receives and the KMAC_2B being calculated are contrasted, construction the is if the same continued according to KMAC_1B
The step of two association request frames and this association request of entrance five, cancel this association request if different；
Step 4, node receive the second association request frame, contrasts the KMAC_1A calculated in step 2 and receives
KMAC_1B, cancel this association request if different, if the same into the step of this secondary association five；
Step 5, node and Hub calculate MK=CMAC (Temp_2, Nonce_a | | Nonce_b, 128), here Temp_2
=LMB (DHKey), for most left 128 of DHKey；Both sides complete to wake up association.
Further, multicast association process specifically includes：
Step 1, Hub are that corresponding value selects the private of oneself according to SSS, Asso_ctrl domain that needs to set of present communications
Key SKb, calculate PKb=SKb×G；The Wakeup frames of broadcast are constructed, and broadcast T-Poll frames, the communication in need until receiving
The first association request frame that node is sent；
Step 2, after some node i receives Wakeup frames, according to address choice private key SKai, calculate public key PKai=SKai
× G, calculate the public key based on password, PKai'=PKai-Q(PWi), Q (PWi)=(QX, QY)；QX=232×PWi+MX；Selection with
Machine number Nonce_ai, calculate DHKey=X (SKai×PKb)=X (SKai×SKb× G), Temp_1=RMB_128 (DHKey), section
Point is according to the Wakeup frame informations received and the Nonce_a of itself selectioniCalculate：
KMAC_1A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_ai||Add_b||Nonce_ai||Nonce_b||SSS,64)
KMAC_2A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_ai||Nonce_b||Nonce_ai||SSS,64)
The calculated PK of the nodeai', KMAC_2A constructs and the first association request frame and sends；
Step 3, after Hub receives the first association request frame of the i-th node, the public key of the i-th node is restored first：PKai=
PKai'+Q(PWi), Q (PWi)=(QX, QY), QX=232×PWi+MX, QYFor positive even numbers；Calculate DHKey=X (SKb×PKai)=X
(SKai×SKb× G), Temp_1=RMB_128 (DHKey), calculated according to the information received and the information being calculated：
KMAC_1B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_ai||Add_b||Nonce_ai||Nonce_b||SSS,64)
KMAC_2B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_ai||Nonce_b||Nonce_ai||SSS,64)
The KMAC_2A that receives and the KMAC_2B being calculated are contrasted, construction the is if the same continued according to KMAC_1B
Two association request frames, cancel this association request if different, Hub calculates MK after sending the second association request framei=CMAC
(Temp_2,Nonce_ai| | Nonce_b, 128) for Hub and the master key of the i-th node；
Step 4, the i-th node receive the second association request frame, contrasts the KMAC_1A calculated in step 2 and receives
KMAC_1B, cancel this association request if different, if identical calculations MKi=CMAC (Temp_2, Nonce_ai||
Nonce_b, 128) it is the i-th node and Hub master key.
Further, the method interior joint of the wireless body area network fast wake-up association is to be in notconnect state.
The method of wireless body area network fast wake-up association provided by the invention, brand-new list is included using clean culture wake up association
Broadcast Wakeup frames and clean culture wake up relation mechanism；Multicast wakes up association includes multicast Wakeup frames, allocation index table
And multicast wake up relation mechanism.The present invention reduces the transmission of the frame in association process, save in data transmission procedure
Energy loss.The present invention realizes wireless body area network sensing node and starts to associate while being waken up safely, reduces from calling out
Wake up to MK and establish the frame number of required transmission, reduce the time that node waits；With public key hides association in IEEE802.15.6 standards
Exemplified by, need to transmit the data of 4480 bits the Frame switch, it is necessary to 5 times in whole association process.Need to pass in the present invention
The data of defeated 3112 bit save data transfer up to 30% compared with public key hides association and reduce 2, it is necessary to 3 Frame switch
The transmission of frame data.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of wireless body area network fast wake-up association provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is Wakeup frame structures schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is clean culture wake up association process flow diagram flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is allocation index table figure provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is Multicast wakes up association process flow diagram flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is further described to the application principle of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the method for the wireless body area network fast wake-up association of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps：
S101：Determine the frame head, frame and postamble of wake-up association；
S102：Brand-new unicast Wakeup frames and clean culture wake up relation mechanism are included using clean culture wake up association；
S103：Multicast wakes up association includes multicast Wakeup frames, allocation index table and Multicast wakes up association machine
System.
The present invention specifically includes following steps：
The first step, the Wakeup frame structures of body area network are designed：
Step 1, the frame head of wake-up association include FC (Frame Control), HID/NID (Hub/Node
Identifier), BAN ID (BAN Identifier), wherein FC control for frame head, including protocol version, Ack strategy, safety
The frame control informations such as rank, frame type, the type that frame can be set in frame controls are Control Cooling, subtype Wakeup
Frame；Shorten code, the reception for frame data in the address that HID/NID is Hub and BN；BAN ID are the contracting of the body area network of work at present
Short address, for marking the body area network residing for the frame data；
Step 2, waking up frame includes Add_a (Recipient Address), Add_b (Sender Address), SSS
(Security Suite Selector)、Asso_ctrl(Association Control)、SAD(Security
Association Data)；Wherein Add_a is the BN node address that Hub requirements are authenticated therewith or BN address search
Code, the M=6 bytes in unicast, more sowing time M size are variable；Add_b is the Hub addresses of currently transmitted wake-up correlation signal；
SSS is safe socket character selects domain, for determining current security association agreement, level of security, frame certification control, cipher function etc.
A series of information for needed for security association；Asso_ctrl be security association control, including inteerelated order row number with associate shape
State；SAD is security association data, herein random number N once_b caused by the public key comprising Hub and current Hub, 0~
(2128- 1) randomly selected in, for the certification work after wake-up；
Step 3, wake up postamble and be made up of FCS, using cyclic redundancy sequence CRC check；
Second step, unicast association process：
Step 1, Hub are corresponding value according to SSS, Asso_ctrl domain that needs to set of present communications, select oneself
Private key SKb, calculate PKb=SKb× G, construct Wakeup frames；After Wakeup frames are sent, T-Poll frames are sent to node；
Step 2, after node receives wake-up association, obtain the configuration information of this secondary association and Hub public key PKb, Ran Houxuan
Select the private key SK of oneselfaA length of 256 bit, calculate public key PKa=SKa× G, after calculating public key, node calculates based on password again
Public key, PKa'=PKa- Q (PW), Q (PW)=(QX, QY), QX=232×PW+MX；Node is according in the Wakeup frames received
Nonce_b and the Nonce_a of itself selection are calculated：
KMAC_1A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_a | | Add_b | | Nonce_a | | Nonce_b | | SSS, 64)
KMAC_2A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_a | | Nonce_b | | Nonce_a | | SSS, 64)；
Utilize the information PK of above-mentioned calculatinga', KMAC_2A construct the first association request frame, and to Hub send；
Step 3, after Hub receives the first association request frame, the public key PK of present node is restored firsta=PKa'+Q (PW), Q
(PW)=(QX, QY), QX=232×PW+MX；MXTo make QXMeet the minimum nonnegative integer of the point on elliptic curve；Calculate DHKey
=X (SKb×PKa)=X (SKa×SKb× G), X () function is the X-coordinate value for taking elliptic curve key here, Temp_1=
RMB_128 (DHKey), calculated according to the information received and the information being calculated：
KMAC_1B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_a | | Add_b | | Nonce_a | | Nonce_b | | SSS, 64)
KMAC_2B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_a | | Nonce_b | | Nonce_a | | SSS, 64)
The KMAC_2A that receives and the KMAC_2B being calculated are contrasted, construction the is if the same continued according to KMAC_1B
The step of two association request frames and this association request of entrance five, cancel this association request if different；
Step 4, node receive the second association request frame, contrasts the KMAC_1A calculated in step 2 and receives
KMAC_1B, cancel this association request if different, if the same into the step of this secondary association five；
Step 5, node and Hub calculate MK=CMAC (Temp_2, Nonce_a | | Nonce_b, 128), here Temp_2
=LMB (DHKey), for most left 128 of DHKey；Both sides complete to wake up association；
3rd step, multicast association process：
Step 1, Hub are corresponding value according to SSS, Asso_ctrl domain that needs to set of present communications, select oneself
Private key SKb, calculate PKb=SKb×G；The Wakeup frames of broadcast are constructed, and broadcast T-Poll frames, the communication in need until receiving
Node send the first association request frame；
Step 2, after some node i receives Wakeup frames, according to address choice private key SKai, calculate public key PKai=SKai
× G, calculate the public key based on password, PKai'=PKai-Q(PWi), Q (PWi)=(QX, QY)；QX=232×PWi+MX；Selection with
Machine number Nonce_ai, calculate DHKey=X (SKai×PKb)=X (SKai×SKb× G), Temp_1=RMB_128 (DHKey), section
Point is according to the Wakeup frame informations received and the Nonce_a of itself selectioniCalculate：
KMAC_1A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_ai||Add_b||Nonce_ai||Nonce_b||SSS,64)
KMAC_2A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_ai||Nonce_b||Nonce_ai||SSS,64)
The calculated PK of the nodeai', KMAC_2A constructs and the first association request frame and sends；
Step 3, after Hub receives the first association request frame of the i-th node, the public key of the i-th node is restored first：PKai=
PKai'+Q(PWi), Q (PWi)=(QX, QY), QX=232×PWi+MX, QYFor positive even numbers；Calculate DHKey=X (SKb×PKai)=X
(SKai×SKb× G), Temp_1=RMB_128 (DHKey), calculated according to the information received and the information being calculated：
KMAC_1B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_ai||Add_b||Nonce_ai||Nonce_b||SSS,64)
KMAC_2B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_ai||Nonce_b||Nonce_ai||SSS,64)
The KMAC_2A that receives and the KMAC_2B being calculated are contrasted, construction the is if the same continued according to KMAC_1B
Two association request frames, cancel this association request if different, Hub calculates MK after sending the second association request framei=CMAC
(Temp_2,Nonce_ai| | Nonce_b, 128) for Hub and the master key of the i-th node；
Step 4, the i-th node receive the second association request frame, contrasts the KMAC_1A calculated in step 2 and receives
KMAC_1B, cancel this association request if different, if identical calculations MKi=CMAC (Temp_2, Nonce_ai||
Nonce_b, 128) it is the i-th node and Hub master key.
The operation principle of the present invention：
The present invention realizes wireless body area network sensing node and starts to associate while being waken up safely, shortens from wake-up
Time needed for being established to MK, reduce the time that node waits；Hub and multiple nodes interrelational form are set simultaneously
Meter；Brand-new wake-up signal and new relation mechanism are devised for this, Hub is beginning setting up WBAN networks or needed with not being in
When the node of Connected states is communicated, it may be desirable to which node is waken up；Wake operation is the frame by Control Cooling
What Wakeup and T-Poll was realized, the method that both can be used to combine, T-Poll methods can also be used alone；
Regulation wakes up node by Wakeup frames in IEEE802.15.6, and the exchange of Associated frames is used for by T-Poll distribution time slots；
The mode combined in the present invention using Wakeup with T-Poll carries out above-mentioned wake operation.
The specific embodiment of the present invention：
The present invention proposes a kind of fast and safely wake-up relation mechanism based on body area network, to realize that wireless body area network senses
Node starts to associate while being waken up safely, shortens from the time waken up to needed for MK foundation, reduces what node waited
Time, while Hub and multiple nodes interrelational form are designed；The node of body area network is to be in non-company in the present invention
Connect state.
Hub can need when beginning setting up WBAN networks or needing to be communicated with not being in the node of Connected states
Node is waken up.Wake operation is realized by the frame Wakeup and T-Poll of Control Cooling, can use both
With reference to method, T-Poll methods can also be used alone.Regulation wakes up node by Wakeup frames in IEEE802.15.6, by
T-Poll distribution time slots are used for the exchange of Associated frames.Entered in the present invention using the Wakeup modes combined with T-Poll
The above-mentioned wake operation of row.
On the basis of IEEE802.15.6 wake-up association, brand-new Wakeup frames are devised；The wake-up association of this secondary design
Unicast frame structure reference picture 2 illustrates；
Frame head：
FC(Frame Control)：Frame head controls, including the frame control such as protocol version, Ack strategy, level of security, frame type
Information processed, the type that frame can be set in frame controls are Control Cooling, and subtype is Wakeup frames；
HID/NID(Hub/Node Identifier)：Code is shortened in respectively Hub and BN address, for connecing for frame data
Receive；
BAN ID(BAN Identifier)：For the shortening address of the body area network of work at present, for marking the frame data
Residing body area network；
Frame：Length up to pMaxFrameBodyLength, is provided according to IEEE802.15.6, is 255 bytes；
Add_a(Recipient Address)：The BN node address or BN ground being authenticated therewith for Hub requirements
Location retrieval code, the M=6 bytes in unicast, more sowing time M size are variable；
Add_b(Sender Address)：For the Hub addresses of currently transmitted wake-up correlation signal；
SSS(Security Suite Selector)：Safe socket character selects domain, for determining that current security association is assisted
A series of information for needed for security association such as view, level of security, frame certification control, cipher function；
Asso_ctrl(Association Control)：Security association controls, including inteerelated order row number and association status；
SAD(Security Association Data)：Security association data, herein the public key comprising Hub and work as
Random number caused by preceding Hub, 0~(2128- 1) randomly selected in, for the certification work after wake-up；
Postamble：
FCS：For frame detection sequence, using cyclic redundancy sequence CRC check；
After the design of wake-up association is completed, unicast association process as defined in IEEE802.15.6 is optimized, with mouth
Make it is authentication associated exemplified by, be that Hub and node will share PW (Pass Word), i.e. user password in the premise being associated；Hereafter
Middle reference picture 3 carries out detailed discussion, specifically includes：
The first step, initialization, Hub are corresponding value according to SSS, Asso_ctrl domain that needs to set of present communications；Hub
Its a length of 256 bits of private key SKb are selected, calculate public key PKb=SKb× G, wherein G=(Gx, Gy) are in IEEE802.15.6
The basic point of defined elliptic curve, wherein Gx=6b17d1f2e12c4247f8bce6e563a440f277037d812deb33a0
f4a13945d898c296；Gy=4fe342e2fe1a7f9b8ee7eb4a7c0f9e162bce33576b315ececbb64 068
37bf51f5,
× it is the scalar multiplication based on the elliptic curve；Hub is 0~(2128- 1) a random number N once_b is selected, if
Put SAD domains and construct above-mentioned Wakeup frames；After Wakeup frames are sent, Hub will send T-Poll frames, T-Poll frames to node
It is the exchange distribution time slot for disassociation frame；In the present invention, if Hub does not receive the first disassociation frame, can send always
T-Poll frames, untill receiving the first disassociation frame；
Second step, after node receives wake-up association, wake-up association is stored first, if not being the address of oneself in Add_a, protect
Hold present state without modification；If in Add_a being the address of oneself, processor enters working condition；Node takes out and deposited
The wake-up association of storage, the information in SSS, Asso_ctrl, SAD domain therein is taken out, obtain this secondary association configuration information and
Hub public key PKbSelection, then selects the private key SK of oneselfaA length of 256 bit, calculate public key PKa=SKa× G, wherein G are
The basic point of elliptic curve specified in IEEE802.15.6 is identical with the selection of node, × it is the scalar multiplication based on the elliptic curve
Method, after calculating public key, node calculates the public key based on password again,
PKa'=PKa-Q(PW)；
Q (PW)=(QX, QY)；
QX=232×PW+MX, QYFor positive even numbers；
MXTo make QXMeet the minimum nonnegative integer of the point on elliptic curve；
After the completion of calculating, if PKa' effectively, then update the public key PK of present nodea, random number N once_a is selected, is calculated
X (), X () function is the X-coordinate value for taking elliptic curve key here；Temp_1=RMB_128 (DHKey), for DHKey most
It is right 128；Nonce_b and itself selection of the node in the Wakeup frames received Nonce_a are calculated：
KMAC_1A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_a | | Add_b | | Nonce_a | | Nonce_b | | SSS, 64)
KMAC_2A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_a | | Nonce_b | | Nonce_a | | SSS, 64)
Node constructs the first association request frame using information PKa, KMAC_2A of above-mentioned calculating；The frame is
Standard request frame as defined in IEEE802.15.6；If node will abandon this secondary association for some reason, need to set and close
Join the association status option in the association control domain of claim frame, the length of the option is a byte, and decimal value 0, which represents, to be added
Current association；1 represents because the selection of SSS domains is different and abandons associating；2 represent the security documents for lacking needs and abandon associating；3
Represent Current resource deficiency and abandon associating；4 represent the security strategy option limitation of managed member or the owner and abandon closing
Connection；5-15 retains；So node will abandon this secondary association, it is still necessary to send the first association request frame, and filled in by above-mentioned requirements
Corresponding association status option；The time slot that the T-Poll frames that sent when sending the first association request frame according to Hub distribute enters
Row frame is sent；
3rd step, after Hub receives the first association request frame, the public key of present node is restored first：
PKa=PKa'+Q(PW)；
Q (PW)=(QX, QY)；
QX=232×PW+MX, QYFor positive even numbers；
MXTo make QXMeet the minimum nonnegative integer of the point on elliptic curve；
Calculate DHKey=X (SKb×PKa)=X (SKa×SKb× G), X () function is the X for taking elliptic curve key here
Coordinate value, Temp_1=RMB_128 (DHKey), calculated according to the information received and the information being calculated：
KMAC_1B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_a | | Add_b | | Nonce_a | | Nonce_b | | SSS, 64)
KMAC_2B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_a | | Nonce_b | | Nonce_a | | SSS, 64)
The KMAC_2A received and the KMAC_2B being calculated are contrasted, if the same continues to construct the second association request frame
And enter the 5th step of this association request, and cancel this association request if different, it is similar with node to need also exist for setting
Association status option；According to SSS, the Asso_ctrl selected in the first step, in SAD domains, filling random number N once_b, Hub are public
Key, and KMAC_1B construct the second association request frame, and the frame is standard request frame as defined in IEEE802.15.6；
4th step, node receive the second association request frame, contrasts the KMAC_1A calculated in second step and receives
KMAC_1B, cancel this association request if different, if the same into the 5th step of this secondary association；
5th step：Node and Hub calculate MK=CMAC (Temp_2, Nonce_a | | Nonce_b, 128), here Temp_2
=LMB (DHKey), for most left 128 of DHKey；
Above step completes wake-up association process of the Hub to node in the case of unicast, and the key of both sides is assisted
Business and verification process are simplified；Multicast association process will be illustrated below.
During multicast, Hub needs to issue GTK to each node for participating in communication process, but
Issuing for GTK needs Hub to share a PTK with the node for each participating in communicating in IEEE802.15.6, and PTK generation is
Premised on MK presence；So Hub needs to be associated with multiple nodes in multicast process, to activate or produce them
Between MK；If waking up interrelational form using order, the stand-by period of very big network delay and node can be caused long；
So wake-up association is carried out in the form of multicast Wakeup frames, the reception ID domains in the Wakeup frame heads that of the invention will be discussed
It is middle that ID is arranged to Multicast_NID, according to the present invention Wakeup frames just need by communication in need node ground
Location is put into Add_a；If using EUI-48 geocoding mode, this can cause the great expense incurred of wake-up signal；It is so right
More sowing time BN address is redesigned；
In the present invention by by the way of index, i.e., BN is entered into row address by address and the one-to-one mode of index and compiled
Code；According to the regulation in IEEE802.15.6 standards, the maximum number of each WBAN interior joints is 64, so being entered using 6 two
Number processed represents it is sufficient that allocation index code, represents the address of the EUI-48 types of WBAN interior joints；Hub will when building network
BN addresss of node index code corresponding table is sent to node, and node is stored；It is corresponding that Hub has BN addresss of node index code
Table, when constructing wake-up association, it is necessary in allocation index code write-in Add_a corresponding to node address；Node receives calling out for multicast
Wake up after signal, search in Add_a whether have the index code of oneself according to the allocation index code corresponding table of itself storage, if then
The wake-up association is responded, is not responding to continue to keep resting state if not；
Address above mentioned corresponding process is completed, Multicast wakes up association is illustrated referring to Fig. 5, specifically included：
The first step, initialization, Hub are corresponding value according to SSS, Asso_ctrl domain that needs to set of present communications；Hub
Select its private key SKb, calculate public key PKb=SKb× G, wherein G are the basic point of elliptic curve specified in IEEE802.15.6,
× it is the scalar multiplication based on the elliptic curve；Hub is 0~(2128- 1) a random number N once_b is selected, Add_a is being set
When domain, according to the allocation index mode of the invention defined, it would be desirable to which the address of node index code of communication is according to successively suitable
Sequence writes Add_a；SAD domains are set and construct above-mentioned Wakeup frames；While Wakeup frames are sent, Hub will be sent out to node
T-Poll frames are sent, T-Poll frames are the exchange distribution time slots for disassociation frame；Here T-Poll frames are the frame of broadcast type, i.e.,
The reception ID of frame head is Unconnected_Broadcast_NID, and all not connected nodes can receive the T-Poll frames,
T-Poll frames are the exchange distribution time slots for disassociation frame；The first association request frame sent until receiving all nodes, Hub is
Can be gone off the air T-Poll frames；
Second step, the i-th node, wherein, i span is 1~n, and n is the nodes that current Hub needs to communicate
Mesh, after receiving multicast wake-up association, then it is assumed that filled according to allocation index code in the Add_a domains of wake-up association；So Nodes Retrieval
Add_a domains；
If there is oneself address search code in Add_a domains, into mode of operation, itself is restored according to address reference table
Address Add_ai, node calculates here method and be identical during unicast, private key SK is selected firstai, calculate public key and calculate public affairs
Key PKai=SKai× G, wherein G are the basic point of elliptic curve specified in IEEE802.15.6, × it is based on the elliptic curve
Scalar multiplication, the public key based on password is secondly calculated,
PKai'=PKai-Q(PWi)；
Q(PWi)=(QX, QY)；
QX=232×PWi+MX, QYFor positive even numbers；
MX is the minimum nonnegative integer for the point for making QX meet on elliptic curve；
After the completion of calculating, if PKai' effectively, then update the public key PK of present nodeai, select random number N once_ai, meter
Calculate DHKey=X (SKai×PKb)=X (SKai×SKb× G), X () function is the X-coordinate value for taking elliptic curve key here；
Temp_1=RMB_128 (DHKey), for most right 128 of DHKey；Node according to the Wakeup frame informations received and itself
The Nonce_a of selectioniCalculate：
KMAC_1A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_ai||Add_b||Nonce_ai||Nonce_b||SSS,64)
KMAC_2A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_ai||Nonce_b||Nonce_ai||SSS,64)
Node utilizes the association request frame of information structuring first of above-mentioned calculating；The frame is standard as defined in IEEE802.15.6
Claim frame；If node will abandon this secondary association for some reason, need to set in the association control domain of association request frame
Association status option, the length of the option is a byte, and decimal value 0, which represents, adds current association；1 represents due to SSS
Domain selection is different and abandons associating；2 represent the security documents for lacking needs and abandon associating；3 represent Current resource deficiency and put
Abandon association；4 represent the security strategy option limitation of managed member or the owner and abandon associating；5-15 retains；So node
Abandon association request, it is still necessary to send the first association request frame, and corresponding association status option is filled in by above-mentioned requirements；
The time slot that the T-Poll frames that broadcasted when sending the first association request frame according to Hub distribute carries out the transmission of frame；
If there is no oneself address search code in Add_a domains, do not make response and continue low-power mode；
3rd step, after Hub receives the first association request frame of the i-th node, the public key of the i-th node is restored first：
PKai=PKai'+Q(PWi)；
Q(PWi)=(QX, QY)；
QX=232×PWi+MX, QYFor positive even numbers；
Calculate DHKey=X (SKb×PKai)=X (SKai×SKb× G), X () function is the X for taking elliptic curve key here
Coordinate value, Temp_1=RMB_128 (DHKey), calculated according to the information received and the information being calculated：
KMAC_1B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_ai||Add_b||Nonce_ai||Nonce_b||SSS,64)
KMAC_2B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_ai||Nonce_b||Nonce_ai||SSS,64)
The KMAC_2A received and the KMAC_2B being calculated are contrasted, if the same continues to construct the second association request
Frame, cancel this association request if different；According to SSS, the Asso_ctrl selected in the first step, in SAD domains filling with
Machine number Nonce_b, Hub public key, and KMAC_1B, the frame are standard request frame as defined in IEEE802.15.6；In the second request
Hub calculates MK after frame is senti=CMAC (Temp_2, Nonce_ai| | Nonce_b, 128) for the master key of Hub and the i-th node simultaneously
Stored according to concordance list；Hub when being associated with current i-th node and meanwhile can detect the first of other nodes associate please
Frame is sought, to be stored after receiving request, is terminating the MK of present nodeiAfter responded；
4th step, the i-th node receive the second association request frame, contrasts the KMAC_1A calculated in second step and receives
KMAC_1B, cancel this association request if different, if identical calculations MKi=CMAC (Temp_2, Nonce_ai||
Nonce_b, 128) it is the i-th node and Hub master key；
Said process completes the secure association procedure to Hub and multiple nodes under multicast case, generates corresponding
MK, on the basis of shared MK, Hub can generate PTK with node, and GTK can be issued using PTK；
The present invention is compared with the prior art following advantage：
Below by MK establishment step and transmission when waking up frame length, unicast and multicast to 802.15.6 and this programme
Contrasted in terms of the energy consumed：
MK establishment step when waking up frame length, unicast and multicast：
1. the present invention is redesigned the Wakeup frames in 802.15.6 standards, association is added in frame please
Ask required SSS, Asso_ctrl, Nonce and public key；After improving Wakeup frames, although frame length is elongated,
Original the first required disassociation frames of 802.15.6 are not needed in associated steps；So frame length is still being reduced on the whole
；
2. the step of present invention by above-mentioned Wakeup frames, simplifies association process in body area network；Marked in 802.15.6
In standard, need to carry out at least five steps from waking up nodes to MK is established, and only needed from waking up nodes to establishing MK in the present invention
Three step cans；
3. the present invention is also simplified to the association process of more sowing time in 802.15.6 standards；In a standard, progress is worked as
During multi-casting communication, Hub can wake up the node for needing to communicate successively, then establish MK in the process of being associated；The present invention devises
Brand-new Multicast wakes up association, by multicast send Wakeup frames, once by the waking up nodes in need communicated；Then
Start association process with reference to the address in Wakeup frames and associating policy；In the Wakeup frames of multicast form, the present invention is set
Address corresponding table is counted so that Wakeup frame overheads substantially reduce；When there is n node to carry out multi-casting communication, in 802.15.6
2n steps are needed to establish MK with all nodes in standard, and use is method of the present invention it is only necessary to n is walked；
The consumed energy of transmission：
Assuming that bsFor the bit number of transmission, etThe energy consumed, e are sent by unit bitlDisappeared by unit bit reception
The energy of consumption；Then in WBAN, ENERGY EsThe model of consumption is：
Es=bset+bsel
In this analysis, e is settFor 50 × 10-9, elFor 50 × 10-9, then the present invention and 802.15.6 are in energy expenditure
The comparative result table 6 below of aspect；As can be seen from the table The present invention reduces the transmission of 1368bits data, reduce simultaneously
30% energy expenditure, it can largely extend the life-span of node；
Table 1：The present invention and IEEE802.15.6 energy expenditures
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. method of wireless body area network fast wake-up association, it is characterised in that the wireless body area network fast wake-up association Method includes：Construct Wakeup frame heads, frame and postamble first under clean culture wake up association；Secondly promoter Hub sends T- Poll frames, the time slot that node distributes according to T-Poll frames again receive Wakeup frames and proceed by association process with Hub；More Broadcast wake-up association under construct Wakeup frame heads, frame and postamble and allocation index table first, secondly promoter Hub to All nodes send T-Poll frames；The time slot that node distributes according to T-Poll frames again receives Wakeup frames and opened successively with Hub Beginning is associated process；The frame head of wake-up association includes FC, HID/NID, BAN ID, and wherein FC controls for frame head, including protocol version, Ack strategy, Level of security, frame type frame control information, the type that frame is set in frame controls is Control Cooling, and subtype is Wakeup frames； Shorten code, the reception for frame data in the address that HID/NID is Hub and BN；BAN ID are the shortening of the body area network of work at present Address, for marking the body area network residing for the frame data；Waking up frame includes Add_a, Add_b, SSS, Asso_ctrl, SAD；Wherein Add_a is that Hub requirements are authenticated therewith BN node address or BN address search code, the M=6 bytes in unicast, more sowing time M size is variable；Add_b is current Send the Hub addresses of wake-up correlation signal；SSS is safe socket character selects domain, for determining current security association agreement, safety A series of information for needed for security association of rank, frame certification control, cipher function；Asso_ctrl controls for security association, Including inteerelated order row number and association status；SAD is security association data, random caused by the public key comprising Hub and current Hub Number Nonce_b, 0~(2128- 1) randomly selected in, for the certification work after wake-up；Wake up postamble to be made up of FCS, using cyclic redundancy sequence CRC check；Unicast association process specifically includes：Step 1, Hub are corresponding value according to SSS, Asso_ctrl domain that needs to set of present communications, select the private key of oneself SKb, calculate PKb=SKb× G, construct Wakeup frames；After Wakeup frames are sent, T-Poll frames are sent to node；Step 2, after node receives wake-up association, obtain the configuration information of this secondary association and Hub public key PKb, then select certainly Oneself private key SKaA length of 256 bit, calculate public key PKa=SKa× G, after calculating public key, node calculates the public affairs based on password again Key, PKa'=PKa- Q (PW), Q (PW)=(QX, QY), QX=232×PW+MX；Node is according in the Wakeup frames received Nonce_b and the Nonce_a of itself selection are calculated：KMAC_1A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_a | | Add_b | | Nonce_a | | Nonce_b | | SSS, 64)KMAC_2A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_a | | Nonce_b | | Nonce_a | | SSS, 64)；Utilize the information PK of above-mentioned calculatinga, KMAC_2A construct the first association request frame, and to Hub send；Step 3, after Hub receives the first association request frame, the public key PK of present node is restored firsta=PKa'+Q (PW), Q (PW) =(QX, QY), QX=232×PW+MX；MXTo make QXMeet the minimum nonnegative integer of the point on elliptic curve；Calculate DHKey=X (SKb×PKa)=X (SKa×SKb× G), X () function is the X-coordinate value for taking elliptic curve key here, Temp_1=RMB_ 128 (DHKey), calculated according to the information received and the information being calculated：KMAC_1B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_a | | Add_b | | Nonce_a | | Nonce_b | | SSS, 64)KMAC_2B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_a | | Nonce_b | | Nonce_a | | SSS, 64)The KMAC_2A received the and KMAC_2B being calculated, if the same continuing the association of construction second according to KMAC_1B please The step of seeking frame and entering this association request five, cancels this association request if different；Step 4, node receive the second association request frame, contrast the KMAC_1A calculated in step 2 and the KMAC_1B received, Cancel this association request if different, if the same into the step of this secondary association five；Step 5, node and Hub calculating MK=CMAC (Temp_2, Nonce_a | | Nonce_b, 128) Temp_2=LMB (DHKey) it is, most left 128 of DHKey；Both sides complete to wake up association；Multicast association process specifically includes：Step 1, Hub are corresponding value according to SSS, Asso_ctrl domain that needs to set of present communications, select the private key of oneself SKb, calculate PKb=SKb×G；The Wakeup frames of broadcast are constructed, and broadcast T-Poll frames, the section of communication in need until receiving The first association request frame that point is sent；Step 2, after some node i receives Wakeup frames, according to address choice private key SKai, calculate public key PKai=SKai× G, Calculate the public key based on password, PKai'=PKai-Q(PWi), Q (PWi)=(QX, QY)；QX=232×PWi+MX；Select random number Nonce_ai, calculate DHKey=X (SKai×PKb)=X (SKai×SKb× G), Temp_1=RMB_128 (DHKey), node root According to the Wakeup frame informations received and the Nonce_a of itself selectioniCalculate：KMAC_1A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_ai||Add_b||Nonce_ai||Nonce_b||SSS,64)KMAC_2A=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_ai||Nonce_b||Nonce_ai||SSS,64)The association request frame of joint structure first is simultaneously sent；Step 3, after Hub receives the first association request frame of the i-th node, the public key of the i-th node is restored first：PKai=PKai'+Q (PWi), Q (PWi)=(QX, QY), QX=232×PWi+MX, QYFor positive even numbers；Calculate DHKey=X (SKb×PKai)=X (SKai× SKb× G), Temp_1=RMB_128 (DHKey), calculated according to the information received and the information being calculated：KMAC_1B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_ai||Add_b||Nonce_ai||Nonce_b||SSS,64)KMAC_2B=CMAC (Temp_1, Add_b | | Add_ai||Nonce_b||Nonce_ai||SSS,64)The KMAC_2A received and the KMAC_2B being calculated are contrasted, if the same continuing construction second according to KMAC_1B closes Join claim frame, cancel this association request if different, Hub calculates MK after sending the second association request framei=CMAC (Temp_2,Nonce_ai||Nonce_b,128)For Hub and the master key of the i-th node；Step 4, the i-th node receive the second association request frame, contrast the KMAC_1A calculated in step 2 and the KMAC_ received 1B, cancel this association request if different, if identical calculations MKi=CMAC (Temp_2, Nonce_ai||Nonce_b, 128)For the i-th node and Hub master key.
- 2. the method for wireless body area network fast wake-up association as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the wireless body area network is fast The method interior joint that speed wakes up association is to be in notconnect state.
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