CN104298806A - Hydropower station dynamic property computer-assisted testing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a hydropower station dynamic property computer-assisted testing method. The method includes the following steps of firstly, obtaining fuzzy dynamic characteristic data from an operation comprehensive characteristic curve, and obtaining a flow output dynamic characteristic equation from a hydropower station dynamic characteristic curve; secondly, processing the fuzzy dynamic characteristic data, wherein drawing data, measured under different water heads, on grid square paper, the longitudinal axis of the grid square paper is set to represent the flow of a water turbine, the horizontal axis of the grid square paper is set to represent the power of the water turbine, and then the dynamic characteristic, under the average water head, of the water turbine is obtained; thirdly, drawing the hydropower station dynamic characteristic curve with the assistance of the computer, and obtaining the hydropower station dynamic characteristic curve. For the operation comprehensive characteristic curve of the water turbine, dynamic characteristic data are obtained, data processing is conducted, and the hydropower station dynamic characteristic testing is achieved.

Description

A kind of power station dynamic characteristic calculation machine auxiliary test methods

Technical field

The present invention relates to Economic Operation in Hydropower Station field, especially power station dynamic characteristic curves Computer Aided Measurement.

Background technology

Power station kinematic behavior is the important content in economical operation of hydropower plants.Power station dynamic characteristic curves is used to represent that power station can change the electric energy stage at water, the characteristic of its energy variation, loss.Can being used for studying the hydraulic performance in power station this moment by the dynamic characteristic curves in power station, also providing foundation for formulating power station burden with power optimum allocation simultaneously.

Current rural hydropower station equipment falls behind, and real machine test was not all done in most power station, and the data just provided according to purchase wetting system producer carry out formulation power station optimal operation mode, and it is larger that the result obtained departs from actual power station optimum way.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiency cannot testing dynamic characteristic curves in existing power station, the present invention is directed to the running combined characteristic of the hydraulic turbine, obtain kinematic behavior data, and carry out data processing, provide a kind of power station dynamic characteristic calculation machine auxiliary test methods.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is as following content:

A kind of power station dynamic characteristic calculation machine auxiliary test methods, the method comprises the steps:

1), fuzzy kinematic behavior data are obtained from running combined characteristic

The flow obtained in power station dynamic characteristic curves is exerted oneself kinematic behavior equation, and concrete steps are as follows:

(1.1), on the comprehensive service performance curve of the hydraulic turbine, as head H _jduring for certain certain value, draw the straight line that many are parallel to transverse axis N, read the P that the exerts oneself during intersection point of these straight lines and isoefficiency curve _jwith corresponding efficiency eta _jvalue, and then bring in following formula

$Q_j=\frac{P_j}{{9.81H}_j{\mathrm{\η}}_j}---\left(1\right)$

Exert oneself under obtaining a certain head according to said method P accordingly _jwith corresponding efficiency eta _jvalue, then obtains one about Q ~ P according to least square fitting principle _j(H _j) curvilinear equation; In like manner, for other different head H _jvalue also obtains corresponding Q ~ P according to the method _j(H _j) curvilinear equation, they will form corresponding Q ~ P _j(H _j) system of equations;

(1.2), in Q ~ P that step (1.1) obtains _j(H _j) on system of equations basis, add and paint a rule and be parallel to flow Q ₁horizontal line with wait head H _jcurve line intersect, corresponding H can be obtained by intersection point _jand P _jvalue; According to this group H _jand P _jnumerical value, just can add and paint a line such as flow such as grade on the comprehensive service performance curve of the hydraulic turbine; In like manner obtain much waiting flow line on the comprehensive service performance curve of the hydraulic turbine according to the method in (1.2);

(1.3), on the comprehensive service performance curve of the hydraulic turbine, several flows Q is chosen ₁, Q ₂, Q ₃, now the unit section head of the hydraulic turbine is H _d1; According to calculation of head losses formula, or penstock loss of flood peak characteristic (Δ H ~ Q) curve of the hydraulic turbine, for the flow Q that each is selected, just obtain the corresponding loss of flood peak Δ H of corresponding water drinking tube ₁, Δ H ₂, Δ H ₃last according to hydraulic turbine head computing formula H _j1=H _d1-Δ H ₁namely the head value that corresponding flow Q is corresponding is obtained;

(1.4), according to the H obtained in step (1.3) _j1and corresponding Q ₁value, to exert oneself P according to the hydraulic turbine comprehensive service performance curve that provides obtaining corresponding water turbine set _j1value, according to formula P ₁=η _dp _j1unit output P can be calculated _j1value, efficiency of generator η _defficiency of generator curve obtains; In like manner, for remaining flow Q ₂, Q ₃, Q ₄, also use the same method and try to achieve the water turbine units corresponded and go out force value P ₂, P ₃, P ₄

2), the process of fuzzy kinematic behavior data

Grid square paper is retouched data measured under different head, and the longitudinal axis of square paper is set as that the flow of the hydraulic turbine, transverse axis are set as the power of the hydraulic turbine, then by Q, P, H kinematic behavior under the average water head of the hydraulic turbine;

3), power station dynamic characteristic curves Computer Aided Drawing

Input water turbine units section head H _d, flow Q, output of hydraulic turbine N and the power of the assembling unit loss raw data.

Kinematic behavior data under the head known with least square fitting, under obtaining each head, exert oneself and relation between water consumption rate and q ₀=f (N, H), exerts oneself and funtcional relationship Δ N=f (N, H) between power loss, and exert oneself and mathematical function relationship Q=f (N, H) between flow, the expression general formula of matched curve is:

f(N,H)＝a ₀+a ₁N+a ₂N ²+......+a _nN ⁿ

Then carry out under differentiate obtains different head to Δ N=f (N, H) value, finally exert oneself and tiny increment with least square fitting, obtain expression formula, namely obtain power station dynamic characteristic curves.

Principle of work of the present invention: the present invention is directed to power station running combined characteristic, obtain fuzzy kinematic behavior data, adopt centroid method to carry out data processing, propose the step of dynamic characteristic curves Computer Aided Drawing.

Beneficial effect of the present invention shows as: 1, for power station running combined characteristic, obtain fuzzy kinematic behavior data; 2, data processing is carried out to the fuzzy kinematic behavior data in power station; 3, propose the step of dynamic characteristic curves Computer Aided Drawing, finally give dynamic characteristic curves computer drawing flow chart; 4, the method for invention is easy to realize on computers; 5, result is obtained scientific and reasonable.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a kind of power station dynamic characteristic calculation machine auxiliary test methods.

Fig. 2 is power station running combined characteristic figure.

Fig. 3 is the dynamic characteristic curves figure that Computer Aided Drawing obtains.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.

With reference to Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 3, a kind of power station dynamic characteristic calculation machine auxiliary test methods, the method comprises the steps:

1), fuzzy kinematic behavior data are obtained from running combined characteristic

The flow obtained in power station dynamic characteristic curves is exerted oneself kinematic behavior equation, and concrete steps are as follows:

(1.1), on the comprehensive service performance curve of the hydraulic turbine, as head H _jduring for certain certain value, draw the straight line that many are parallel to transverse axis N, read the P that the exerts oneself during intersection point of these straight lines and isoefficiency curve _jwith corresponding efficiency eta _jvalue, and then bring in following formula

$Q_j=\frac{P_j}{{9.81H}_j{\mathrm{\η}}_j}---\left(1\right)$

Exert oneself under obtaining a certain head according to said method P accordingly _jwith corresponding efficiency eta _jvalue, then obtains one about Q ~ P according to least square fitting principle _j(H _j) curvilinear equation; In like manner, for other different head H _jvalue also obtains corresponding Q ~ P according to the method _j(H _j) curvilinear equation, they will form corresponding Q ~ P _j(H _j) system of equations;

(1.2), in Q ~ P that step (1.1) obtains _j(H _j) on system of equations basis, add and paint a rule and be parallel to flow Q ₁horizontal line with wait head H _jcurve line intersect, corresponding H can be obtained by intersection point _jand P _jvalue; According to this group H _jand P _jnumerical value, just can add and paint a line such as flow such as grade on the comprehensive service performance curve of the hydraulic turbine; In like manner obtain much waiting flow line on the comprehensive service performance curve of the hydraulic turbine according to the method in (1.2);

(1.3), on the comprehensive service performance curve of the hydraulic turbine, several flows Q is chosen ₁, Q ₂, Q ₃, now the unit section head of the hydraulic turbine is H _d1; According to calculation of head losses formula, or penstock loss of flood peak characteristic (Δ H ~ Q) curve of the hydraulic turbine, for the flow Q that each is selected, just obtain the corresponding loss of flood peak Δ H of corresponding water drinking tube ₁, Δ H ₂, Δ H ₃preferably according to hydraulic turbine head computing formula H _j1=H _d1-Δ H ₁namely the head value that corresponding flow Q is corresponding is obtained;

(1.4), according to the H obtained in step (1.3) _j1and corresponding Q ₁value, to exert oneself P according to the hydraulic turbine comprehensive service performance curve that provides obtaining corresponding water turbine set _j1value, according to formula P ₁=η _dp _j1unit output P can be calculated _j1value, efficiency of generator η _defficiency of generator curve obtains; In like manner, for remaining flow Q ₂, Q ₃, Q ₄, also use the same method and try to achieve the water turbine units corresponded and go out force value P ₂, P ₃, P ₄

2), the process of fuzzy kinematic behavior data

The dynamic characteristic curves of power station water turbine set requires not interlock each other under different head in theory, but measured data can not meet this requirement sometimes completely due to reasons such as data distortion or instrument mistakes, at this moment just need do some and gives up and revise." centroid method " is the popular approach of video data and voice data process in recent years, and many research and actual treatment show, adopts the method to obtain very good effect in data rationality and continuity inspection.Data processing can adopt " centroid method ", its detailed step is as follows: on grid square paper, retouch data measured under different head, the longitudinal axis of square paper is set as the flow of the hydraulic turbine, transverse axis is set as the power of the hydraulic turbine, then by kinematic behaviors such as Q, P, the H under the average water head of the hydraulic turbine.The theoretical analysis, the kinematic behavior under average water head is similar to the kinematic behavior of other heads, namely has approximate trend, each other some distances of interval, and this distance increases with power and increases.Like this, utilize original measured data to revise by this general trend, those obvious irrational data can be got rid of.

3), power station dynamic characteristic curves Computer Aided Drawing

The unit section head (H of the input hydraulic turbine _d), exert oneself (N) of flow (Q), the hydraulic turbine, unit and unit the relevant raw data such as power loss.

Kinematic behavior data under the head known with least square fitting, under can obtaining each head, exert oneself and relation between water consumption rate and q ₀=f (N, H), exerts oneself and funtcional relationship Δ N=f (N, H) between power loss, exerts oneself and mathematical function relationship Q=f (N, H) between flow.The expression general formula of matched curve is:

f(N,H)＝a ₀+a ₁N+a ₂N ²+......+a _nN ⁿ

Then carry out under differentiate can obtain different head to Δ N=f (N, H) value, finally exert oneself and tiny increment with least square fitting, can obtain expression formula, namely obtain power station dynamic characteristic curves.

Claims (1)

1. a power station dynamic characteristic calculation machine auxiliary test methods, is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps:

1), fuzzy kinematic behavior data are obtained from running combined characteristic

The flow obtained in power station dynamic characteristic curves is exerted oneself kinematic behavior equation, and concrete steps are as follows:

(1.1), on the comprehensive service performance curve of the hydraulic turbine, as head H _jduring for certain certain value, draw the straight line that many are parallel to transverse axis N, read the P that the exerts oneself during intersection point of these straight lines and isoefficiency curve _jwith corresponding efficiency eta _jvalue, and then bring in following formula

$Q_j=\frac{P_j}{{9.81H}_j{\mathrm{\η}}_j}---\left(1\right)$

Exert oneself under obtaining a certain head according to said method P accordingly _jwith corresponding efficiency eta _jvalue, then obtains one about Q ~ P according to least square fitting principle _j(H _j) curvilinear equation; In like manner, for other different head H _jvalue also obtains corresponding Q ~ P according to the method _j(H _j) curvilinear equation, they will form corresponding Q ~ P _j(H _j) system of equations;

(1.2), in Q ~ P that step (1.1) obtains _j(H _j) on system of equations basis, add and paint a rule and be parallel to flow Q ₁horizontal line with wait head H _jcurve line intersect, corresponding H can be obtained by intersection point _jand P _jvalue; According to this group H _jand P _jnumerical value, just can add and paint a line such as flow such as grade on the comprehensive service performance curve of the hydraulic turbine; In like manner obtain much waiting flow line on the comprehensive service performance curve of the hydraulic turbine according to the method in (1.2);

(1.3), on the comprehensive service performance curve of the hydraulic turbine, several flows Q is chosen ₁, Q ₂, Q ₃, now the unit section head of the hydraulic turbine is H _d1; According to calculation of head losses formula, or penstock loss of flood peak characteristic (Δ H ~ Q) curve of the hydraulic turbine, for the flow Q that each is selected, just obtain the corresponding loss of flood peak Δ H of corresponding water drinking tube ₁, Δ H ₂, Δ H ₃preferably according to hydraulic turbine head computing formula H _j1=H _d1-Δ H ₁namely the head value that corresponding flow Q is corresponding is obtained;

(1.4), according to the H obtained in step (1.3) _j1and corresponding Q ₁value, to exert oneself P according to the hydraulic turbine comprehensive service performance curve that provides obtaining corresponding water turbine set _j1value, according to formula P ₁=η _dp _j1unit output P can be calculated _j1value, efficiency of generator η _defficiency of generator curve obtains; In like manner, for remaining flow Q ₂, Q ₃, Q ₄, also use the same method and try to achieve the water turbine units corresponded and go out force value P ₂, P ₃, P ₄

2), the process of fuzzy kinematic behavior data

Grid square paper is retouched data measured under different head, and the longitudinal axis of square paper is set as that the flow of the hydraulic turbine, transverse axis are set as the power of the hydraulic turbine, then by Q, P, H kinematic behavior under the average water head of the hydraulic turbine;

3), power station dynamic characteristic curves Computer Aided Drawing

Input water turbine units section head H _d, flow Q, output of hydraulic turbine N and the power of the assembling unit loss raw data;

Kinematic behavior data under the head known with least square fitting, under obtaining each head, exert oneself and relation between water consumption rate and q ₀=f (N, H), exerts oneself and funtcional relationship Δ N=f (N, H) between power loss, and exert oneself and mathematical function relationship Q=f (N, H) between flow, the expression general formula of matched curve is:

f(N,H)＝a ₀+a ₁N+a ₂N ²+......+a _nN ⁿ

Then carry out under differentiate obtains different head to Δ N=f (N, H) value, finally exert oneself and tiny increment with least square fitting, obtain expression formula, namely obtain power station dynamic characteristic curves.