CN1042976A - Planet gear stageless speed variator and automatic transmission - Google Patents
Planet gear stageless speed variator and automatic transmission Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1042976A CN1042976A CN 88108399 CN88108399A CN1042976A CN 1042976 A CN1042976 A CN 1042976A CN 88108399 CN88108399 CN 88108399 CN 88108399 A CN88108399 A CN 88108399A CN 1042976 A CN1042976 A CN 1042976A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ultramagnifier
- gear
- transmission
- speed
- several groups
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The planet gear stageless speed variator and the automatic transmission that are used for mechanical transmission.It is made up of several groups of mechanism's connections with differential performance, and automatic transmission also will add free wheel device.Through in wherein one group or several groups of mechanisms, when its during as driven member, and reach a member that self-locking regularly can take place at the absolute value of its velocity ratio and control, thereby reach control whole speed changer.The also available simple machinery type of automatic transmission is controlled it automatically according to the rotating speed of prime mover and the rotating speed of load.Stepless speed variator can be used as clutch and uses, and automatic transmission can be used in the power train of transport facilitys such as automobile, motorcycle.
Description
The present invention relates to the stepless speed variator in the mechanical transmission and the technological scheme of automatic transmission.
Have the mechanism of differential performance or form resultant motion mechanism by one group by several groups of mechanisms in series with differential performance.By one group or several groups mechanism with differential performance, and mechanism that can self-locking when the absolute value of velocity ratio reaches certain value as driven member the time by parts in the mechanism forms ultramagnifier.The output shaft of resultant motion mechanism connects transmission with the input end of ultramagnifier; And not that the movement parts that inputs or outputs connects transmission in the output terminal of ultramagnifier and the resultant motion mechanism.And the motion of member that can self-locking in the ultramagnifier is controlled by clutch, motor, oil motor, parts such as mechanism, ratchet, ratchet or mechanism by centrifugal force work.In planetary gear automatic transmission, the output terminal of ultramagnifier is not input shaft in unidirectional super clutch and resultant motion mechanism or is not that the member of output shaft connects transmission.Introduce the working principle of invention (one) planet gear stageless speed variator down and earlier.
Invention (one) planet gear stageless speed variator
In " principle of common mechanism and application ", the principle of common mechanism and application are write group and are compiled, mechanism industry publishing house publishes, standard book number: 243 pages disclose a kind of stepless speed variator that a kind of 2K-H negative sign mechanism combines with gear chain type stepless variable speed unit (being the PIV stepless speed variator) in 150,334,464 1 books.See accompanying drawing 20.In the book 243 pages.
Its working principle is according to three basic building blocks in the 2K-H planetary gears, promptly 2 central gears, when planet wheel all is movable part, it just becomes mobility is two differential attachment; And have only after the motion of wherein two basic building blocks is determined, the 3rd basic building block athleticism determined.If wherein two basic building blocks are input component, another is an output member, when the rotating speed and the direction of an input component immobilizes, and when allowing the rotating speed of another input component and direction change, or the rotating speed of two input components changes simultaneously, and at this moment (even corresponding variation will take place direction the rotating speed of output member; If the rotating speed of input component can change continuously.Then the output member rotating speed also can correspondingly change continuously.Can realize stepless change like this.
When getting up with 2K-H negative sign mechanism and PIV combined with transmission.The transmission shaft of the two pairs of chain drums (accompanying drawing 20) in the PIV device respectively with 2K-H mechanism in two central gears link, form the sealing transmission, combining afterwards with the PIV speed change gear by 2K-H negative sign mechanism, its slewing range enlarges greatly.But also can not change under the condition that turns at motor.Can realize forward, the counterrotating of output shaft or stop not change.This stepless speed variator has volume big, and unit pressure is bigger, thereby shortcoming such as the life-span is low, transmission power is not too big.
248 pages of arrangements for speed regulation of having introduced the another kind of hydraulically powered 2K-H of having negative sign mechanism in " principle of common mechanism and application " book.(seeing accompanying drawing 21) its working principle is as follows, and the oil motor with permanent rotating speed drives input shaft A rotates the tie-rod H of differential planet gear mechanism; Also pay 56 simultaneously and drive the adjustable constant speed plunger oil pump G1 of stroke by fixed axis gear.Oil after pressurization by oil pipe enter into the permanent stroke plunger oil pump G2 of adjustable-speed, at this moment G2 is just as oil motor and pay the center ring gear 3 of 34 driving differential planet gear mechanisms by fixed axis gear; Motion is passed to an E output by central gear 1.
When the flow of G1 was adjusted to maximum, it is consistent with H that oil motor G2 just drives turning to of center internal gear 3(gear 3 with high rotational speed).Output shaft B has just obtained the highest rotating speed.
When the flow of G1 being adjusted to can satisfy leakage loss the time, center ring gear 3 is with regard to transfixion, and differential planet gear mechanism originally just becomes general planetary gears.
After G1 furnishing oil motor, G2 has become oil pump in running.Having turned to conversely of center ring gear 3, and become output link by original input link, it is extracted a part of power out and passes to G2 from transmission system, the rotating speed of output shaft B is reduced.Thereby with control oil pump flow realize that stepless speed regulation is very easily.This stepless speed adjusting gear is because employing hydraulic transmission thereby efficient are not high, and cost is than higher.
The purpose of invention (one) planet gear stageless speed variator is exactly to avoid the deficiency that the stepless speed variator volume is big in the above-mentioned prior art, the life-span is not long, lay theoretical foundation in particular for invention (two) planetary gear automatic transmission, and a kind of technological scheme of stepless speed variator is provided.
The purpose of invention (one) planet gear stageless speed variator can reach by following measure.By one group of mechanism with differential performance.Or form resultant motion mechanism by several groups of mechanisms in series with differential performance.Itself also has differential performance resultant motion mechanism.Several movement parts that can't self-locking as driven member in several movement parts in the resultant motion mechanism and the ultramagnifier connect transmission.Input shaft in the resultant motion mechanism can not connect transmission with ultramagnifier simultaneously with output shaft.
Ultramagnifier is made up of one group or several groups mechanism with differential performance.And when one or several movement parts is wherein arranged as driven member, when reaching one, the absolute value of its velocity ratio regularly self-locking can take place.The movement parts and the operating mechanism of self-locking of hologonying links, and controlled by it, can Control and Feedback the mechanism or the parts of device motion have, gear mechanism, clutch, oil motor, motor, cam mechanism, ratchet or ratchet, come the mechanism, skin of work for driving mechanism, friction wheel mechanism by centrifugal force.The mode of ultramagnifier being controlled with said mechanism and parts has, and the control automatically of manual control, mechanical type, hydraulic control, electrical control, machinery, hydraulic pressure, electric mixing are controlled and controlled automatically in a manner described.
The technological scheme of invention (one) planet gear stageless speed variator.Preferably by 2K-H(NGW) planetary gears, harmonic drive mechanism, little gear difference planetary driving mechanism (K-H-V) or cycloidal-pin wheel driving mechanism, the moving driving mechanism of oscillating tooth wave-wave, and form resultant motion mechanism by one group or several groups mechanism that is composed in series in above-mentioned several mechanisms.And by 2K-H(NGW) the positive sign planetary gears, in the 3K mechanism one group or several groups so that several groups be composed in series ultramagnifier, parts in the ultramagnifier as driven member the time, the absolute value of its velocity ratio reaching one regularly can self-locking.Movement parts that can self-locking in output shaft in the resultant motion mechanism and the ultramagnifier connects transmission, and be not that one or several movement parts of input shaft connects transmission in another and several movement parts and the resultant motion mechanism that can self-locking in the ultramagnifier, and the member of meeting self-locking connects with operating mechanism in the ultramagnifier, and controlled by it.
When resultant motion mechanism connected transmission with ultramagnifier, one group or several groups in the ultramagnifier can connect transmission with resultant motion mechanism is coaxial, and the parallel connection transmission with resultant motion mechanism of other ultramagnifier.
When resultant motion mechanism by 2K-H planetary gears, harmonic drive mechanism, when the moving driving mechanism of small teeth number difference planet gear mechanism and cycloidal-pin wheel driving mechanism and oscillating tooth wave-wave is composed in series resultant motion mechanism, they can be with a kind of mechanisms in series, also can be that different mechanisms in series is formed.
When forming ultramagnifier by 2K-H positive sign mechanism and 3K mechanisms in series, they can be with a kind of mechanisms in series, also can be that different mechanisms in series constitutes.
When forming resultant motion mechanism and ultramagnifier by several groups of mechanisms in series, several groups of mechanisms can coaxially connect, also can the parallel axes series connection.
When speed changer was formed resultant motion mechanism by many groups mechanism, the mechanism that forms resultant motion mechanism can connect transmission with several groups of ultramagnifiers respectively.
The working principle of planet gear stageless speed variator is such.The output shaft of the resultant motion mechanism in the speed changer is to determine its rotating speed according to the rotating speed of other several members.When input component rotating speed one regularly, as long as change the rotating speed of another or several movement parts, the rotating speed of output shaft also can be along with change.The effect of ultramagnifier is used for changing the rotating speed of this movement parts.Ultramagnifier also is a kind of differential attachment, a member is only arranged in this mechanism as driven member the time, and the absolute value of its velocity ratio reaches one, and regularly self-locking can take place for it.The movement parts that self-locking can not take place in the ultramagnifier and the output shaft of resultant motion mechanism and other be not that the member of input component connects transmission.When ultramagnifier can self-locking movement parts when being in self-locking state, ultramagnifier is in ordinary transmission, whole speed changer most effective.When rotating under the effect of movement parts in external force of meeting self-locking in the ultramagnifier, the rotating speed of the output terminal of ultramagnifier (promptly be not the end that the input and output part connects transmission in the resultant motion mechanism) descends, the output terminal of ultramagnifier again be not that the movement parts of input shaft connects transmission in the resultant motion mechanism.Because the rotating speed of ultramagnifier output terminal descends, the rotating speed of the output shaft of resultant motion mechanism also descends, and the rotating speed that causes the ultramagnifier output terminal conversely again descends, and through the variation that goes round and begins again like this, the rotating speed of transmission output shaft drops to a stable rotating speed at last.Its working principle just looks like that feedback line in the electronic circuit is the same, just is named as ultramagnifier Just because of this.The movement parts of meeting self-locking can be rotated to both direction in the ultramagnifier, and a direction can make the rotating speed of the output terminal of ultramagnifier rise, and another direction can make its rotating speed descend.We do not use the state that the rotating speed of output terminal rises in invention () and (two), and will be the state of rotating speed decline.As long as the rotating speed of the member of ultramagnifier meeting self-locking is selected suitably, the rotating speed of transmission output shaft also can reach zero.And in the calculating of ultramagnifier and resultant motion motion of mechanism and velocity ratio, can be with reference to relevant document, also can be with reference to the relevant chapters and sections of " principle of a common mechanism and application " book.
When the speed changer input speed is low, ultramagnifier can and not be that the movement parts of output shaft connects transmission with the input shaft of resultant motion mechanism yet, at this moment ultramagnifier will be controlled the rotation speed change of output shaft, and the rotating speed of the member of meeting self-locking will be high more a lot of than input shaft rotational speed in the ultramagnifier.
Ultramagnifier also can come to connect transmission with resultant motion mechanism like this.As shown in Figure 5, the rotating speed minimum efficiency of output shaft is the highest when understanding the member self-locking of self-locking in the ultramagnifier, and the rotating speed of the output terminal of ultramagnifier is the highest.
When the velocity ratio of ultramagnifier because a variety of causes can not find the suitable rotating speed that makes output shaft when being zero, can connect with it at the output terminal of ultramagnifier between the member of resultant motion mechanism of transmission mono-directional overrun clutch is set, make ultramagnifier and resultant motion mechanism link the member of transmission, but at this moment input shaft can only one-way rotation by the motion of separately the characteristics of motion.
The velocity ratio of forming resultant motion mechanism can recently be formed resultant motion mechanism by the transmission commonly used of this mechanism.And the velocity ratio of ultramagnifier, preferably in the mechanism as the velocity ratio of driven member can just self-marketing the time.Because when making the rotating speed of output shaft be zero after member that at this moment can self-locking rotates under the effect of external force, member rotating speed that can self-locking is lower.And control moment is less.As velocity ratio and friction factor in mechanism and the structure of driven member can self-locking the time much relations are arranged in the ultramagnifier, generally between 16-28.
Also can come the design of feedback device like this, as driven member when velocity ratio (absolute value reach one regularly can self-locking member, velocity ratio in the time of can making its velocity ratio not reach self-locking, velocity ratio during promptly less than self-marketing, but can not be little too much because the moment of much smaller back Control and Feedback device increases during than self-marketing.
Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of embodiment of planet gear stageless speed variator.
Accompanying drawing 2 to accompanying drawing 9 is sketches of forming the common mechanism of resultant motion mechanism.
Accompanying drawing 10 is a kind of schematic diagrams that are composed in series the planet gear stageless speed variator of resultant motion mechanism by two kinds of different institutions.
Accompanying drawing 12 is sketches of 3K mechanism.
Accompanying drawing 13 is the sketches that are composed in series ultramagnifier by two groups of 2K-H positive sign mechanisms.
Accompanying drawing 14 is the sketches that are composed in series ultramagnifier by two groups of 2K-H positive sign mechanism parallel axes.
Accompanying drawing 16 is the embodiments that speed changer controlled by motor and oil motor.
Below in conjunction with the embodiment who introduces in the accompanying drawing 1 planet gear stageless speed variator is described in further detail:
A rotating speed is combined into the high gear (3) of motion (M) from input shaft (S) transmission, resultant motion mechanism among the figure is made up of 2K-H negative sign mechanism, motion passes to tie-rod (6) through intermediate gear (5), passes to gear (15) through gear (11), (9), (7) then.At this moment the tie-rod (H) in the ultramagnifier (F) is in self-locking state.Promptly no matter be gear (11) or gear (15) the fortune part of deciding, tie-rod (H) is made driven member, driving link in no case can make tie-rod (H) motion, because tie-rod (H) is in self-locking state, thereby we can regard ordinary transmission to ultramagnifier (F) as.Gear (15) connects transmission with internal gear (16) in the resultant motion mechanism (M), so the rotating speed of the tie-rod (6) of resultant motion mechanism (M) is just synthetic by the rotating speed of gear (3) and internal gear (16).At this moment whole speed changer is in the sealing transmission.The calculating of the rotating speed of transmission output shaft (C) can be with reference to relevant document.Also can be with reference to the computational methods of chapter 4 introduction in " principle of common mechanism and application " book.At this moment Joystick (K) makes clutch (N) be in separated state, thereby Control Shaft (13) is in halted state, and the rotating speed of gear (14) also is zero.At this moment the rotating speed of transmission output shaft (C) is the highest, because ultramagnifier (F) is in ordinary transmission, thereby at this moment most effective of speed changer, generally can reach 0.9～0.96.At this moment input shaft (S) is identical with turning to of output shaft (C).As required internal gear (16) turn to tie-rod (H) self-locking that also can be designed to ultramagnifier (F) time and the switched in opposite of gear (3).Only speed changer output shaft rotating speed at this moment is minimum, most effective, and input shaft is identical with turning to of output shaft.At this moment as long as between gear (15) and internal gear (16), increase by two axles and several carrier gear.
When Joystick (K) is moved at the end to the right, friction clutch (N) combination fully at this moment.Motion has passed to Control Shaft (13) through gear (2), (19) and clutch (N), and has passed in the ultramagnifier (F) tie-rod (H) for gear through gear (14).At this moment the rotating speed that obtains of tie-rod (H) and turning to does not just in time rotate with gear (11), and tie-rod (H) is when making driving wheel, and gear (15) turning to when making follower is identical with rotating speed.At this moment the rotating speed of gear (15) and internal gear (16) and turn to identical.And the rotating speed that obtains from gear (5) of internal gear (16) and turn to the tie-rod (6) with resultant motion mechanism (M) not rotate at this moment, gear (3) do the rotating speed of driving wheel when gear (5) passes to internal gear (16) with turn to identical.At this moment the rotating speed of output shaft (C) is zero.When clutch skidded in conjunction with the back nothing as required certainly, the rotating speed of output shaft (C) also can be non-vanishing.
Do not move to low to the right and fixedly the time, friction clutch has skidding when handling hand (K), at this moment Control Shaft (13) has obtained a rotating speed, and this rotating speed and input shaft rotational speed all are constants.The rotating speed of Control Shaft (13) when at this moment the rotating speed of Control Shaft (13) is lower than the rotating speed of output shaft (C) and is zero, but turning to of they is identical.At this moment gear (15), (16) rotating speed is just by gear (11), (9), the rotating speed of rotating speed (7) and tie-rod (H) is synthetic, and the rotating speed of gear (15) when being lower than tie-rod (H) self-locking, at this moment because the decline of the rotating speed of gear (15), the rotating speed of the internal gear (16) in the resultant motion mechanism (M) also descends, the rotating speed of tie-rod (6) also descends, because descending with output shaft (C) rotating speed, tie-rod (6) causes gear (11) again, (9), (7), (15) rotating speed descends, because descending, the rotating speed of gear (15) causes internal gear (16) again, tie-rod (6), the rotating speed of output shaft (C) descends, because the rotating speed of output shaft (C) descends, caused that again the rotating speed of gear (15) descends.Through the variation that goes round and begins again like this, the rotating speed of final output shaft (C) reaches the rotating speed of a balance, i.e. a fixing rotating speed.
When we moved Joystick (K) smoothly, output shaft (C) also respective smoothed ground change rotating speed was realized stepless change.If we do not want to allow cltuch slipping obtain a stable control rotating speed, can adopt the stepless speed variators such as friction disk shown in the accompanying drawing 10 to control the rotating speed of whole stepless speed variator.
In order to increase the velocity ratio of resultant motion mechanism (M), can form resultant motion mechanism with two groups of mechanisms in series.Can form ultramagnifier with two groups of mechanisms in series from the rotating speed of lock construction element in order to reduce in the ultramagnifier.
Owing to there is not the entry and exit engagement of gear, each gear all is in normal engagement to planet gear stageless speed variator, thereby does not have impact in the process of speed change, and moment of torsion does not interrupt during speed change.The moment of Control and Feedback device motion simultaneously just overcome some frictional force thereby control force especially little, but it can control ratio its big doubly a lot of even moment tens hundreds of times carry out speed change.Just look like that an object is on the slope and is in threshold state, at this moment we are as long as give object the power to the destruction of balance of gliding direction energy.Object will be the same to lower slider.
Planet gear stageless speed variator can be used to not require transmitted power, and requires the very big place of velocity ratio, and it can be used for the requirement long service life, and volume is little, as the place of clutch use.When it uses as clutch, very high efficient can be arranged and can transmit big power, and arranged very high working life.The planetary gear automatic transmission of on the basis of this stepless speed variator, inventing particularly, can be conveniently used in the speed control system of car, and can replace clutch, can collect clutch and automatic transmission is one, make start function well with the work of speed changer coupling.
We can see that planet gear stageless speed variator has following characteristics from top introduction:
1, this stepless speed variator has the bigger advantage of speed ratio, even the rotating speed of output shaft can be zero.
2, this stepless speed variator very smooth-going nothing when speed change is impacted.
3, it is very convenient easily to control this stepless speed variator.
4, this stepless speed variator bearing capacity is big, and the life-span is long.
5, this stepless speed variator is when input torque is constant, and output torque also is constant.
6, this stepless speed variator ultramagnifier can self-locking part does not rotate in addition the time efficient very high, and when it rotates decrease in efficiency with most zero.
Invention (two) planetary gear automatic transmission
Invention (two) planetary gear automatic transmission relates to the technological scheme of automatic transmission in the mechanical transmission, this speed changer is applicable to that prime mover is a software feature, and in the transmission system that the moment of torsion that load needs often changes, it is specially adapted to vehicles such as various automobiles, motorcycle.
It is to invent on the basis of the working principle of invention (one) planet gear stageless speed variator.It is by one group of mechanism with differential performance, or forms resultant motion mechanism by several groups of mechanisms in series with differential performance, by one group of mechanism with differential performance, or forms ultramagnifier by several groups of mechanisms in series with differential performance.And parts are arranged the time in the mechanism of composition ultramagnifier as driven member, meeting self-locking when the absolute value of velocity ratio reaches certain value, the input shaft of resultant motion mechanism or output shaft connect transmission with the input end of several groups of ultramagnifiers, and the output terminal of ultramagnifier is not input shaft in mono-directional overrun clutch and resultant motion mechanism or is not that the movement parts of output shaft connects transmission.And the motion of the movement parts of self-locking may take place in the ultramagnifier, by clutch, motor, oil motor, centrifugal mechanism, mechanisms such as ratchet, ratchet control and control automatically.
A kind of technological scheme of automatic transmission is disclosed in 232 pages in " principle of common mechanism and application " book.
Volumes such as at " Automobile Engineering Manual " second fascicle, this book is by the Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan meeting, and holt is bright, Automobile Engineering Manual compiling ATSC Advanced Television Systems Committee is translated, and 176～183 pages disclose several automobile automatic transmission commonly used in standard book number 150335372, one books.Several automobiles of introducing in above-mentioned two kinds of documents all are with planetary gears being composed in series through complexity with automatic transmission, they are all controlled planetary gears with clutch and obtain several grades of speed, and are equipped with torque converter or fluid coupling and add hydraulic transmission and realize self-shifting.Thereby reach automobile is carried out self-shifting control.The deficiency of these a few class speed changers is that efficient is lower, and control moment is big, the control mechanism complexity, and the cost height, torque ripple is bigger during speed change.Thereby in low and middle-grade automobiles and motorcycle, use less.
Planetary gear type in application for a patent for invention passes transmission system.A kind of planetary gear type transmission system is disclosed among the CN86 10093A.The schematic diagram of this speed changer is seen accompanying drawing 22, and this speed changer has 7 forward gearss and 1 to retreat shelves.This speed changer also be by several groups of planetary gears through being composed in series of complexity, and control its speed change by several groups of clutches, can realize automatic control when it is equipped with hydraulic mechanism.
The deficiency of this speed changer is that control moment is big, and cost is higher, and moment of torsion has fluctuation during speed change.Shortcomings such as control mechanism complexity.The purpose of invention (two) planetary gear automatic transmission.To avoid above-mentioned existing automatic transmission structure complexity exactly, the cost height, control system will be with shortcomings such as hydraulic pressure, and the technological scheme of a kind of automatic transmission that provides.
This civilized purpose can reach by following measure: planetary gear automatic transmission can be by one group, or by several groups of the mechanisms that are composed in series (being resultant motion mechanism) with differential performance, one or several movement parts in them is passed through mono-directional overrun clutch, with one group, several groups, or several groups be composed in series in the mechanism's (being ultramagnifier) with differential performance not can self-locking one or several movement parts connect transmission, and in the mechanism as driven member, and the absolute value of its velocity ratio reach one regularly can self-locking movement parts, link with operating mechanism, and controlled by it.
Preferably by following several mechanisms, a, 2K-H(NGW) planetary gears, b, harmonic drive mechanism, c, small teeth number difference planet gear mechanism (K-H-V) or cycloidal-pin wheel driving mechanism, d, the moving driving mechanism of oscillating tooth wave-wave, and form resultant motion mechanism by one group or several groups mechanism that is composed in series described in above-mentioned a, b, c, the d, also there is differential performance in resultant motion mechanism, and said mechanism efficient is higher, preferably by, a, 2K-H positive sign planetary gears, f, 3K mechanism, and form ultramagnifier by one group or several groups mechanism that is composed in series described in a, the f.Ultramagnifier also has differential performance, and a movement parts in the said mechanism when the absolute value of its velocity ratio reaches certain value self-locking can take place as driven member the time.One or several movement parts in the resultant motion mechanism (not containing input shaft and output shaft) is all passed through mono-directional overrun clutch, connect transmission with one or several movement parts that can self-locking in one group or several groups of ultramagnifiers, another in the resultant motion mechanism or several movement parts in addition.Connect transmission with movement parts that can self-locking in one group or several groups of ultramagnifiers.And in the ultramagnifier as driven member, and the absolute value of its velocity ratio reach one regularly can self-locking parts and operating mechanism link, and controlled by it.
When resultant motion mechanism connected transmission with ultramagnifier, they can coaxial connection or parallel axes connection transmission.When resultant motion mechanism connected transmission with many group ultramagnifiers, one group or several groups in the ultramagnifier can connect transmission with resultant motion mechanism is coaxial, and other ultramagnifier connects transmission with resultant motion mechanism shaft line parallel.
When forming resultant motion mechanism by several groups of mechanisms in series described in above-mentioned a, b, c, the d, when becoming ultramagnifier by several groups of mechanisms in series described in a, the f, they can be that identical a kind of mechanism or several different mechanisms in series formed.They can coaxial series connection or the parallel axes series connection, and the purpose that is composed in series resultant motion mechanism is, for the velocity ratio that increases it and the shelves number that increases speed changer to reduce the quantity of ultramagnifier.Being composed in series ultramagnifier can make the rotating speed of Control and Feedback device motion reduce.
Each forms the mechanism of resultant motion mechanism, in the end that one group of mono-directional overrun clutch can be arranged and the mechanism is not that the movement parts that inputs or outputs part connects, the other end connects with non-rotary parts, and does not rotate all the time, and the purpose of doing like this is in order to reduce the quantity of ultramagnifier.
Can the Control and Feedback device other parts of motion have, q, gear and gear mechanism, h, clutch, i, oil motor, j, motor, k, cam, ratchet or ratchet, m, by the mechanism of centrifugal force work, n, skin be for driving mechanism, o, friction wheel mechanism.
Control planetary pinion self-shifting mode has, P, manual control, and the q mechanical type controls automatically, the r hydraulic control, s, electrical control, t, machinery, hydraulic pressure, electric mixing is controlled, and is controlled automatically by the mode described in r, s, the t.
Planetary gear automatic transmission is to come work like this, after rotating speed imports into from input shaft, through synthetic motion, passes to output shaft then.One group or several groups of ultramagnifiers obtain rotating speed and moment of torsion from output shaft, pass to then in the resultant motion mechanism is not the movement parts of input shaft, thereby form the transmission of envelope group by one group or several groups of ultramagnifiers and resultant motion mechanism, and another group or several groups of ultramagnifiers be in off position (promptly not transmitting movement and moment of torsion) at this moment automatic transmission be in a shelves job.When original idle ultramagnifier work, speed changer got back another shelves or several shelves.And the work of ultramagnifier is whether, can be by mechanism by centrifugal force work, and mechanisms such as electric, hydraulic pressure come it is controlled automatically according to the situation of prime mover and load.Also can control it with manual control mechanism.
Accompanying drawing 17, be the embodiment of manual two grades of planetary transmissions.
Accompanying drawing 18, be the third gear motorcycle with the embodiment of planetary gear automatic transmission.
Accompanying drawing 19, be the embodiment of six grades of automobile-used planetary gear automatic transmissions.
Below in conjunction with the embodiment who introduces in accompanying drawing 17, accompanying drawing 18, the accompanying drawing 19 technological scheme of planetary gear automatic transmission is described in further detail:
We know from the introduction of invention (one) planet gear stageless speed variator, and each gear of this stepless speed variator all is in normal engagement when speed change.Thereby there is not impact during speed change.And when in ultramagnifier, understanding the member self-locking of self-locking.Speed changer most effective, but member that can self-locking in the ultramagnifier is when rotating, speed changer, decrease in efficiency is with most zero.Planetary gear automatic transmission utilizes above-mentioned characteristics to come work, and planetary gear automatic transmission has the characteristics of planet gear stageless speed variator when speed change.Promptly do not have impact, level and smooth speed change, when several groups of ultramagnifiers were in the ordinary transmission state respectively, speed changer obtained several gears and works expeditiously at these several gears.
What accompanying drawing 17 was introduced is a kind of manual two speed transmission, and this speed changer is by a resultant motion mechanism that is made up of 2K-H negative sign simple planetary arrangement.By two ultramagnifiers of forming by the double interior planet gear meshed mechanism of 2K-H positive sign.Its working principle is as follows:
Motion is imported into from input shaft (S), passes to gear (11) through synthetic motion (M), passes to gear (9) then.At this moment cam (1T), (2T) all push shift fork (1B), (2B) to the left side, and the right of clutch (1N), (2N) combines with tie-rod (1H), (2H) of ultramagnifier (1F), (2F).At this moment the rotating speed of passing to gear (19), (20) from gear (2) make (1H), (2H) high speed rotating, ultramagnifier (1F), (2F) gear of output end (7), (22) turn to switched in opposite with input shaft (S), turning to of the internal gear of resultant motion is opposite with input shaft (S), and identical with gear (7), (22).But rotating speed is lower than gear (7) and (22).Thereby mono-directional overrun clutch (1D), (2D) all be in and surmount state, and at this moment the rotating speed of output (C) is zero.
When to clockwise rotating hand wheel (K).And when the lower of cam (2T) forwarded to the projection place of shift fork (2B), the stage clip that connects with (2B) is pushed shift fork (2B) to the right, and tie-rod (2H) combines with the left side of clutch (2N), the left side of clutch is in order to guarantee the member self-locking reliably of energy self-marketing in the ultramagnifier with the affixed purpose of the left side of casing Joint, clutch and casing again.At this moment tie-rod (2H) self-locking.Ultramagnifier (2F) is in ordinary transmission, at this moment tie-rod (1H) high speed rotating still, the rotating speed of the gear of output end (7) of ultramagnifier (1F) is lower than the rotating speed of gear (15), mono-directional overrun clutch (1D) is in and surmounts state, (2D) is in running order for mono-directional overrun clutch, and at this moment Yun Dong transfer route is such:
Motion is imported into → resultant motion mechanism (M) → gear (11) and output shaft (C) by input shaft (S).
The route of another transmission of movement is:
Input shaft (S) → (M) → gear (11) → gear (10) → ultramagnifier (2F) → mono-directional overrun clutch (2D) → gear (22) → gear (21) → (M), and by they form the sealing transmission, at this moment speed change is in 1 grade of work.At tie-rod (2H) slowly during self-locking, output shaft (C) rotating speed that slowly rotates and raise.Turning to of output shaft (C) is identical with input shaft (S), and settles out during self-locking fully at tie-rod (2H), and at this moment because ultramagnifier (2F) is in ordinary transmission, thereby speed changer has very high efficient.
When we again to clockwise rotating hand wheel (K), and make the lower of cam (1T) forward the projection place of shift fork (1B) to.At this moment the stage clip that connects with (1B) is pushed shift fork (1B) to the right, and the tie-rod (1H) of ultramagnifier (1F) combines with the left side of clutch (1N), tie-rod (1H) self-locking, and ultramagnifier (1F) is in ordinary transmission.At this moment the rotating speed height that obtains from gear (22) of the rotating ratio gear (21) that obtains from gear (7) of gear (15), although the still self-marketing of tie-rod (2H) of ultramagnifier (2F) at this moment, but mono-directional overrun clutch (2D) is in and surmounts state, and (1D) in running order, at this moment Yun Dong transfer route is such:
Article one, be, motion from input shaft (S) import into → (M) → gear (11) → output shaft (C).
Another is, (S) → (M) → gear (11) → gear (9) → ultramagnifier (1F) → mono-directional overrun clutch (1D) → gear (7) → gear (15) → (M), and forms the sealing transmission by them.
Rotating speed when at this moment the rotating speed of output shaft (C) is higher than 1 grade, speed changer are in 2 grades of work.
When we need reduce rotating speed or will make the speed changer output speed be zero, as long as (K) to rotating counterclockwise handwheel.
Come the technological scheme of planetary gear automatic transmission is done the detailed introduction in a step again below in conjunction with accompanying drawing (18):
Accompanying drawing 18 be a kind of generation the automatic clutch function motorcycle with the embodiment of three gear automatic speed variators.
The resultant motion mechanism of this speed changer is composed in series by two groups of 2K-H negative sign simple planetary arrangements, and it is by two groups of ultramagnifier (1F), (2F) that are made up of 2K-H positive sign internal-gearing planet gear mechanism.It also has two groups of centrifugal automatic controllers, and one group connects with gear (20), (2), and is subjected to the control of engine speed, and another is organized centrifugal automatic controller and connects with gear (10), (11), and is subjected to the control of transmission output speed.
The working principle of three gear automatic speed variators is such.Slowly run when starting to start rear engine.Motion is imported into by input shaft (S), at this moment owing to being in, motor slowly runs, centrifugal automatic controller (1K), spring (2K) is all pushed shifting fork bar (B) to the right, cam (1T), (2T) shift fork (1B), (2B) end of previous generation's projection is pushed the left side to, clutch (1N), the right (2N) and tie-rod (1H), (2H) combination, and make their high speed rotating, the internal gear of the mechanism of resultant motion at this moment (1M) is in halted state, and turning to of internal gear (2M) is opposite with input shaft (S), and by resultant motion mechanism (1M), (2M) rotating speed of resultant motion rear output shaft (C) is zero.Thereby speed changer is in separated state.
After throttle is increased to necessarily, the corresponding raising of the rotating speed of motor, the spring handle camshaft (1Z) on centrifugal automatic controller (1K) and the acceleration cable (*) rotates to clockwise direction.When the lower on the cam (2T) turns to beginning when contacting with the projection of shift fork (2B), slowly separate with tie-rod (2H) on the right of clutch (2N), the left side (2N) slowly combines with tie-rod, the rotating speed of the tie-rod (2H) of ultramagnifier (2F) descends, and slowly self-locking, motorcycle slowly starts when the rotating speed of (2H) descends, and is in 1 grade of work when tie-rod (2H) self-locking.Because this speed changer is the same with the process of planet gear stageless speed variator at speed-change process, thereby output torque is also constant when input torque is constant, the moment of torsion that the moment of torsion that motorcycle obtains from speed changer when starting obtains during with 1 grade is the same, and at this moment Yun Dong transfer route is:
Article one, be input shaft (S) → (1M) → (2M) → output shaft (C).
Another is input shaft (S) → (1M) → (2M) → gear (11) → gear (10) → ultramagnifier (2F) → (2D) → gear (22) → gear (21) → (2M), and by they form the sealing transmission, at this moment (1H) high speed rotating still, free wheel device (1D), (3D) are in and surmount state, and (2D), (4D) in running order.
Motorcycle initiating and improve the speed of a motor vehicle after, the corresponding raising of engine speed, the rotating speed of centrifugal automatic controller (1K), (2K) also improves, they continue to push to the left side at the following shifting fork bar of the weight effect of oneself (B), and camshaft (1Z) continues under the effect of tooth bar (26) and gear (25) to clockwise rotating; When the projection that turns to shift fork (1B) when the effect of the spring that links with it falls into the lower of cam (1T), shift fork (2B) is pushed to the left side under the effect of cam (2T) simultaneously, at this moment separate with (2H) on the left side of clutch (2N), and the right combines with (2H), tie-rod (2H) high speed rotating of ultramagnifier (2F), separate with (1H) on the right of clutch (1N) simultaneously, the left side combines with (1H), tie-rod (1H) self-locking of ultramagnifier (1F), ultramagnifier (1F) is in ordinary transmission.At this moment free wheel device (4D), (2D) are in and surmount state, and free wheel device (1D), (3D) are in running order.At this moment move and transmit by following route:
Article one, be input shaft (S) → (1M) → (2M) → output shaft (C).
Another is input shaft (S) → (1M) → (2M) → gear (11) → gear (9) → ultramagnifier (1F) → (3D) → gear → (7) → gear (15) → (2M).
Also having one is input shaft (S) → (1M) → (2M) → gear (11) → gear (9) → ultramagnifier (1F) → (1D) → gear (23) → gear (24) → (1M).
And by they form the sealing transmission.Rotating speed when at this moment the rotating speed of transmission output shaft (C) is higher than 1 grade.Speed changer is in 2 grades of work.
After motorcycle further improves the speed of a motor vehicle, centrifugal automatic controller (1K), (2K) shift shifting fork bar (B) onto Far Left, camshaft (1Z) under the effect of tooth bar (26) and gear (25) to clockwise rotating, projection on the shift fork (2B) falls into the breach of cam (2T) again, separate with (2H) on the right of clutch (2N), and the left side (2N) combines with (2H), (2H) self-locking, and the projection of shift fork (1B) still is in the lower of cam (1T), still self-locking of tie-rod (1H).At this moment because the rotating speed that obtains from (22) of gear (21) is higher than the rotating speed that gear (15) obtains from (7), thereby mono-directional overrun clutch is in and surmounts state, (4D) also be in to surmount state, and (1D) and (2D) in running order.
The transfer route of speed changer motion at this moment is such:
Article one, be input shaft (S) → (1M) → (2M) → output shaft (C).
Another is input shaft (S) → (1M) → (2M) → gear (11) → gear (9) → ultramagnifier (1F) → (1D) → gear (23) → gear (24) → (1M).
Also having one is input shaft (S) → (1M) → (2M) → gear (11) → gear (10) → ultramagnifier (2F) → (2D) → gear (22) → gear (21) → (2M).
And form the sealing transmission by them, and at this moment speed changer is in the most high-grade work, i.e. and the rotating speed of 3 grades of work, output shaft (C) is the highest.
When motorcycle goes up a slope speed changer again according to the variation of the reduction of the speed of a motor vehicle and engine speed to low-grade speed change, its working principle is as follows:
When motorcycle goes up a slope, because the decline of the increase engine speed of load, and the speed of a motor vehicle also reduces.At this moment the rotating speed of centrifugal automatic controller (1K), (2K) has also reduced, they also push shifting fork bar (B) to the right, at this moment tie-rod (2H) high speed rotating of ultramagnifier (2F), mono-directional overrun clutch (2D), (4D) are in and surmount state, and mono-directional overrun clutch (1D), (3D) are in running order.The same when at this moment Yun Dong transfer route is with aforesaid 2 grades, speed changer is in 2 grades of work.
The speed of motorcycle further descends after the gradient increases again, engine speed also descends, (1K), the rotating speed of (2K) reduces again, its another shifting fork bar (B) is pushed the right to, at this moment tie-rod (1H) high speed rotating of ultramagnifier (1F), and tie-rod (2H) self-locking of ultramagnifier (2F), mono-directional overrun clutch (4D), (2D) are in running order, and (1D), (3D) be in and surmount, state, the same when at this moment Yun Dong transfer route is with aforesaid 1 grade, speed changer is in 1 grade of work.
Stop when we will make motorcycle, can slowly turn down throttle, motorcycle can stop, and motor can stop working.
In order to satisfy the motorcycle brake needs, speed changer also is provided with the mechanism of quick clutch.It has used a set of bell cranks mechanism directly to control the clutch of two groups of clutches and tie-rod, thereby controls the clutch of whole speed changer.Its working principle is as follows:
When the driver will brake, depress brake petal (P) (pedal with (2Z) and brake pulling wire link), crankshaft (2Z) is along with rotation, and haul connecting rod (1L), (2L) shift fork (1B), (2B) are pulled to the right, the right of clutch (1N), (2N) is combined with tie-rod (1H), (2H), and they are rotated, when clutch and tie-rod skid, the dynamic output of speed changer, but rotating speed reduces, when clutch and tie-rod did not have skidding, speed changer thoroughly separated, thereby motorcycle can be braked reliably.Behind the brake petal that comes loose (P), speed changer is got back to corresponding gear engaged according to the rotating speed of the speed of a motor vehicle and motor again, because this speed changer is the motor vehicular transmission, thereby is not set to shelves.
That accompanying drawing 19 is introduced is a kind of embodiment of technological scheme of automobile-used 6 automatic transmission.
This speed changer has 6 shelves and one to shelves, also has a neutral gear.It also can replace clutch collection clutch, automatic transmission is one.Its working principle is the same with aforementioned third gear motor automatic transmission for vehicles, answers handle (Y) to put to moving 1 gear counterclockwise to when advancing when automobile will start.
The separate condition of speed changer is such, and tie-rod (1H), (2H), (3H) be high speed rotating, and at this moment the rotating speed of output shaft (C) is zero.
The transmission of movement route that speed changer is 1 grade is:
Article one, be (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (C).
Another is (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (11) → (10) → (2F) → (3D) → (34) → (33) → 1M).
Also having one is (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (11) → (10) → (2F) → (4D) → (39) → (38) → (2M).
At this moment (1H), (3H) high speed rotating, and (2H) self-locking.
The transmission of movement route that speed changer is 2 grades is:
Article one, be (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (C).
Another is (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (11) → (40) → (3F) → (5D) → (37) → (36) → (1M).
Also having one is (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (11) → (40) → (3F) → (6D) → (7) → (15) → (2M).
At this moment (1H), (2H) high speed rotating, and (3H) self-locking, gear (37) and (36) engagement.
The transmission of movement route that speed changer is 3 grades is:
Article one, be (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (C).
Another is (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (11) → (10) → (2F) → (3D) → (34) → (33) → (1M).
Also having one is (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (11) → (9) → (1F) → (2D) → (22) → (21) → (2M).
At this moment (3H) high speed rotating, and (1H), (2H) self-locking.Mono-directional overrun clutch (1D), (4D), (5D), (6D) are in and surmount state, and (2D), (3D) work.
The transmission of movement route that speed changer is 4 grades is:
Article one, be (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (C).
Another is (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (11) → (9) → (1F) → (1D) → (23) → (24) → (1M).
Also having one is (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (11) → (9) → (1F) → (2D) → (22) → (21) → (2M).
At this moment (2H), (3H) high speed rotating, and (1H) self-locking, mono-directional overrun clutch (3D), (4D), (5D), (6D) are in and surmount state, and (1D), (2D) work.
The transfer route that speed changer is 5 grades is:
Article one, be (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (C).
Another is (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (11) → (9) → (1F) → (2D) → (22) → (21) → (2M).
Also having one is (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (11) → (10) → (2F) → (3D) → (34) → (33) → (1M).
At this moment (3H) high speed rotating, and (1H), (2H) self-locking, mono-directional overrun clutch (1D), (4D) → (5D) → (6D) are in and surmount state, and (2D), (3D) work.
The transmission of movement route that speed changer is 6 grades is:
Article one, be (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (C).
Another is (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (11) → (10) → (2F) → (3D) → (34) → (33) → (1M).
Also having one is (S) → (1M) → (2M) → (11) → (40) → (3F) → (6D) → (7) → (15) → (2M).
At this moment (1H), (2H), (3H) all self-lockings, mono-directional overrun clutch (1D), (2D), (4D), (5D) are in and surmount state, and (3D), (6D), work.Gear (7) and (15) engagement.
Speed changer to the transmission of movement route of shelves is:
To transmission of movement route (29) → (28) → (30) → (32) → (31) → (C) when gear (29) of shelves, output shaft (C) is after above several gear wheel reversings, and turning to of it is opposite with input shaft (S).
When automobile will be braked will separate with speed changer the time, the driver depresses brake petal (P), brake petal (P) connects with break again, (P) rotate (2Z) and spur pull bar (1L), (2L), (3L) through pull bar (L) to left movement, 3 pull bars 3 shift forks (1B), (2B), (3B) all to the Zola, thereby the right of clutch (1N), (2N), (3N) is combined with tie-rod (1H), (2H), (3H), they are high speed rotating all, speed changer separates, and the rotating speed of output shaft (C) is zero.
More than several speed changers defeated axle when forward gears identical with turning to of input shaft.
For the number that reduces ultramagnifier can also can be provided with main clutch from the rotating speed of lock construction element with reducing in the ultramagnifier before transmission input shaft.
More than the mono-directional overrun clutch of several speed changers when not being in the drive path, all be in and surmount state.
Carry out speed change in order to control speed changer easily, can control the member of meeting self-locking with motor, oil motor etc., can use handle, buttons etc. are controlled motor, oil motor, also can control automatically motor, oil motor, thereby reach automatic control speed changer with velocity transducer, electronic computer.
For also simultaneously playing clutch with increase shelves number, the number that reduces ultramagnifier does the time spent, can with resultant motion mechanism joining free wheel device in use one group or several groups of unidirectional controllable overrunning clutchs, when speed changer is separated or during braking unidirectional controllable overrunning clutch be in separated state.
When designing one 10 gear gearbox, as long as increase by one group of ultramagnifier and corresponding gear on the basis of accompanying drawing 19, free wheel device gets final product.
When the design planetary gear automatic transmission, should design each according to needed speed ratio the gear that is meshed is organized the speed ratio of ultramagnifier with each.And when design, to notice preventing that gear shift from circulating.
Planetary gear automatic transmission can be widely used for various automobiles, in the transmission system of haulage vehicle.The unbroken machine driven system of moment of torsion in the time of also can being used for the various requirement speed change, (do not comprise requirement from forward rotational speed to reverse speed change).Also can be widely used in prime mover and belong in the speed variator system of software feature, and can automatic situation automatic speed changing according to load.
Planetary gear automatic transmission has been compared following advantage with existing speed changer with automatic transmission:
1, it can realize the coupling between motor and the load well, make the function of starting of software feature be in preferable states work all the time, can make motor reduce oil consumption, reduce wear, improve the life-span of motor, it is applied to can improve in the automobile rideability of automobile.
2, it can collect clutch, speed changer is an one, thereby function is many, volume is little, combination is reliable, cost is low.
3, planetary gear automatic transmission because output torque does not interrupt, does not have big fluctuation when speed change, and because gears at different levels all are in normal engagement.Thereby it is suitable not have the especially flat of impact during speed change, and it has improved the travelling comfort of automobile greatly with speed changer as automobile.
4, when resultant motion mechanism was made up of several groups of mechanisms with differential performance, these several groups of mechanisms can be identical.When several groups of ultramagnifiers and mono-directional overrun clutch were arranged in the speed changer, these several groups of ultramagnifiers can be identical, and these several groups of mono-directional overrun clutchs also can be identical.Thereby can reduce the kind of other part, thereby reduced cost and improved quality in order to standardization, mass, specialized production.
5, planetary gear automatic transmission is handled, is controlled conveniently, it can not use fork type operating mechanism commonly used now during with speed changer as automobile, it does not have the disorderly possibility of shelves, and be the linear type speed change, be that operating handle has only forward and motion backward, thereby intuitive and convenient, will be forward when not resembling automotive transmission speed change commonly used, backward, left, maneuverability pattern complexity to the right.
6, used control moment is very little during the planetary transmission speed change, and the moment that it is braked the member in the planetary gears during with automatic transmission gear shift with automobile commonly used is compared, and controls its moment and almost can ignore.Thereby it just can realize speed change without hydraulic mechanism.Thereby reduced the reliability that speed changer has improved in mechanism, reduced the cost of speed changer.
7, the rate of planetary gear automatic transmission is also very high, generally between 0.9-0.96, it is than the efficient height of using automatic transmission for the automobile of fluid coupling and torque converter, and it is when using automatic transmission as automobile, main clutch and fluid coupling and torque converter have been saved, thereby improved efficient, reduced manufacture cost and user cost.
8, because its control moment is very little, thereby the load of solenoidoperated cluthes and their gear of control is all little, and their volume is also very little.
9, because it does not have impact when speed change, and each all is in normal engagement to gear, and the transmission of more employing internal gear, thereby the life-span is very high.
10, because it can automatic speed changing, and be the manipulation of linear type, thereby can realize remote operation easily, particularly arriving shelves can be as many with the shelves number of forward gears, (at this moment as long as be provided with one specially) to the shelves handle and the handle that advances, thereby it can handle automobile at the two ends of automobile when using speed changer as automobile, and this point is useful on some special-purpose vehicles and military car.
11, because planetary gear automatic transmission can be realized automatic transmission easily, as the automobile speed changer, it can realize having only two pedal controls of gas pedal and brake petal, thereby has alleviated driver's labor intensity greatly, has improved Security.
12, have in conjunction with firm the time owing to planetary gear automatic transmission, thereby starting is easy in all cases, and working life is very high as clutch.
Claims (9)
1, the stepless speed changes devices in mechanical transmission.It is made up of several groups of mechanism and the parts such as operating mechanism and gear with differential performance.It is characterized in that: one group or by several groups of the mechanisms that are composed in series (being resultant motion mechanism) with differential performance.Several movement parts in them and one group, several groups or several groups mechanism with differential performance or the parts that are composed in series link.And controlled by it.
2, automatic transmission in mechanical transmission, it is by several groups of mechanisms with differential performance, several groups of mono-directional overrun clutchs, one group or several groups of automatic control mechanisms, and part such as gear is formed, it is characterized in that: one group or by several groups of the mechanisms that are composed in series (being resultant motion mechanism) with differential performance, one or several movement parts in them is passed through mono-directional overrun clutch, with one group, several groups, or one or several movement parts that can self-locking in several groups of mechanisms with differential performance that are composed in series (being ultramagnifier) connects transmission, and in mechanism's (ultramagnifier) as driven member, and the absolute value of its velocity ratio reach one regularly can self-locking movement parts and automatic control mechanism or operating mechanism link, and controlled by it.
3, according to the described stepless speed changes devices of claim (1).It is characterized in that: preferably by following several mechanisms.A, 2K-H(NGW) planetary gears, b, harmonic drive mechanism, c, little gear difference planetary driving mechanism (K-H-V) or cycloidal-pin wheel driving mechanism, d, the moving driving mechanism of oscillating tooth wave-wave, and by above-mentioned a, b, c, d, described in one group or several groups mechanism that is composed in series form resultant motion mechanism (can realize differential mechanism): preferably by, e, 2K-H(NGW) the positive sign planetary gears, f, 3K mechanism, and form ultramagnifier by one group or several groups mechanism that is composed in series described in above-mentioned e, the f; Several movement parts that can self-locking in several movement parts in the resultant motion mechanism and the ultramagnifier connect transmission; As driven member, and parts and operating mechanism that can self-locking when the absolute value of its velocity ratio reaches certain value link in the ultramagnifier, and controlled by it.
4, according to the described automatic transmission of claim (2), it is characterized in that: preferably by following several mechanisms, a, 2K-H(NGW) planetary gears, b, harmonic drive mechanism, c, small teeth number difference planet gear mechanism (K-H-V) or cycloidal-pin wheel driving mechanism, the moving driving mechanism of d, oscillating tooth wave-wave, and by above-mentioned a, b, c, d, described in one group or several groups mechanism that is composed in series form resultant motion mechanism; Preferably by, a, 2K-H(NGW) the positive sign planetary gears, f, 3K mechanism, and form ultramagnifier by the one group several groups mechanisms that are composed in series described in a, the f; One or several motion moving part (not containing input shaft and output shaft) in the resultant motion mechanism all passes through mono-directional overrun clutch, connect transmission with one or several movement parts that can self-locking in one group or several groups of ultramagnifiers, in the resultant motion mechanism another or several movement parts in addition, with can self-locking in one group or several groups of ultramagnifiers another or in addition several movement parts connect transmission; And in the ultramagnifier as driven member, and parts that can self-locking when the absolute value of velocity ratio reaches certain value and automatic control mechanism or operating mechanism link, and controlled by it.
5, according to claim (1) and (2) described speed changer, it is characterized in that: when resultant motion mechanism connects transmission with ultramagnifier, they can coaxial connection or parallel axes connect transmission; When resultant motion mechanism connected transmission with many group ultramagnifiers, one group or several groups in the ultramagnifier can connect transmission with resultant motion mechanism is coaxial, and the parallel connection transmission with resultant motion mechanism of other ultramagnifier.
6, according to claim (3) and (4) described speed changer, it is characterized in that: when forming resultant motion mechanism and forming ultramagnifier by the mechanisms in series described in a, the f by several groups of mechanisms in series described in a, b, c, the d in claim (3) and (4).They can be that identical a kind of mechanism or several different mechanisms in series formed, and they can coaxial series connection or parallel axes series connection.
7, according to the speed changer described in the claim (2), it is characterized in that: each forms the mechanism of resultant motion mechanism, the movement parts that in the end that one group of mono-directional overrun clutch can be arranged and this mechanism is not input shaft and output shaft connects, the other end connects with the parts that do not rotate, and does not rotate all the time.
8, according to claim (1) and (2) described speed changer, it is characterized in that: the operating mechanism of component movement that can self-locking in can the Control and Feedback device has, g, gear and gear mechanism, h, clutch, i, oil motor, j, motor, k, cam, l, ratchet or ratchet, come the mechanism of work at m by centrifugal force, n, skin be for driving mechanism, the o friction wheel mechanism.
9, according to claim (1) and (2) described speed changer, it is characterized in that: the mode of control speed changer has, p, manual control, q, mechanical type control automatically, r, hydraulic control, s, electrical control, t, machinery, hydraulic pressure, electric mixing are controlled, and are controlled automatically by the mode described in r, s, the t.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88108399 CN1042976A (en) | 1988-12-04 | 1988-12-04 | Planet gear stageless speed variator and automatic transmission |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88108399 CN1042976A (en) | 1988-12-04 | 1988-12-04 | Planet gear stageless speed variator and automatic transmission |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1042976A true CN1042976A (en) | 1990-06-13 |
Family
ID=4835069
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88108399 Pending CN1042976A (en) | 1988-12-04 | 1988-12-04 | Planet gear stageless speed variator and automatic transmission |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1042976A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100354551C (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2007-12-12 | 叶建峰 | Method for realizing stepless speed changing and gear stepless speed changer for realizing the same method |
| CN100410562C (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2008-08-13 | 商春荣 | Stepless automatic gear shifting in gear drive |
| WO2010031322A1 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2010-03-25 | Meng Liangji | Automatic transmission for electric vehicle |
| CN102983672A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-03-20 | 合肥工业大学 | Motor-transmission integral transmission system for electric automobile |
| CN106076664A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-11-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of multitube centrifugal solid-liquid separator |
| CN106627975A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-10 | 张家港川梭车业有限公司 | Linear pedaling single-wheel direct drive transmission |
| CN110645325A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | 重庆交通大学 | Manual single-row planetary gear transmission |
-
1988
- 1988-12-04 CN CN 88108399 patent/CN1042976A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100354551C (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2007-12-12 | 叶建峰 | Method for realizing stepless speed changing and gear stepless speed changer for realizing the same method |
| CN100410562C (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2008-08-13 | 商春荣 | Stepless automatic gear shifting in gear drive |
| WO2010031322A1 (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2010-03-25 | Meng Liangji | Automatic transmission for electric vehicle |
| CN102983672A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-03-20 | 合肥工业大学 | Motor-transmission integral transmission system for electric automobile |
| CN102983672B (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2015-02-04 | 合肥工业大学 | Motor-transmission integral transmission system for electric automobile |
| CN106076664A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-11-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of multitube centrifugal solid-liquid separator |
| CN106627975A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-05-10 | 张家港川梭车业有限公司 | Linear pedaling single-wheel direct drive transmission |
| CN110645325A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | 重庆交通大学 | Manual single-row planetary gear transmission |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN1146695C (en) | Friction driving device | |
| CN1224786C (en) | Automatic speed changer for car | |
| CN1401060A (en) | Torque transmission device, in particular with double clutch drive mechanism | |
| CN1743698A (en) | Electrically variable transmission with selective fixed ratio operation | |
| CN1828089A (en) | Nine-speed transmissions with four planetary gear sets | |
| CN1483948A (en) | Speed variator with multiple gear shift parts, especiall automatic speed uariator | |
| CN1869479A (en) | Split type continuously variable transmission | |
| CN1603666A (en) | Shift control apparatus for vehicle step-variable automatic transmission | |
| CN1916443A (en) | Multiple-speed automatic transmission | |
| CN108019480B (en) | Vehicle and continuously variable transmission system thereof | |
| CN1045016C (en) | Manual and automatic slepless power variable speed case | |
| CN1603667A (en) | Shift control apparatus for step-variable automatic transmission | |
| CN211059305U (en) | Two keep off derailleur gearshift | |
| CN1793702A (en) | Variable-speed device | |
| CN1042976A (en) | Planet gear stageless speed variator and automatic transmission | |
| CN1773142A (en) | Speed feedback stepless speed changer | |
| CN1207350A (en) | Fluid drive method and device for car | |
| CN101303073B (en) | Division and convergent current type multiple-shift automatic transmission system | |
| CN101793315B (en) | Mechanical and hydraulic combined power transmission mechanism | |
| CN106246859A (en) | A kind of buncher of composite hydraulic torque converter | |
| CN1180191C (en) | Manual and automatic stepless power transmission-gear box | |
| CN107366719A (en) | A kind of new drive manner of automobile based on auto-manual infinitely variable speed structure | |
| US20120316022A1 (en) | Transmission system for a vehicle | |
| WO2017004782A1 (en) | Combined hydraulic transmission | |
| CN201240263Y (en) | Dividing and convergent current type multi-shift automatic gear shift system based on planetary mechanism |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |