CN104296773B - A kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor - Google Patents
A kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104296773B CN104296773B CN201410558891.2A CN201410558891A CN104296773B CN 104296773 B CN104296773 B CN 104296773B CN 201410558891 A CN201410558891 A CN 201410558891A CN 104296773 B CN104296773 B CN 104296773B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C22/00—Measuring distance traversed on the ground by vehicles, persons, animals or other moving solid bodies, e.g. using odometers, using pedometers
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor, the hall effect module of the field strength produced change is rotated including power module and for sensing target wheel, the power module connects hall effect module, the output end of hall effect module is connected with signal processing module, and the output end of signal processing module is used as output driving module connection carload instrument；High-resolution field strength peak detection unit is provided with hall sensing IC circuits, it adaptive can should determine that hall sensing IC upset threshold point, ensure that hall sensing IC, to tooth top, the correct sensing of tooth root field strength change, improves the precision and accuracy rate of sensor under the eccentric situation of target wheel；The vulnerability to jamming that low pass filter improves hall sensing IC is provided with hall sensing IC circuits simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automobile sensor field, more particularly to a kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor.
Background technology
Current domestic commercial vehicle market generally or using the mechanical active and passive wheel construction mileometer of earlier technique is sensed
Device, compared with electronic odometer sensor, this sensor construction is simple, and cost is low, but because long-time machine driving is made
Into tool abrasion, this abrasion can cause sensor sensing inaccurate, and serious meeting causes sensor directly to fail, carload instrument without
Speed shows, and as commercial car (especially off-highway haulage vehicle, such as engineering machinery vehicle) is to sensor use requirement
Raising and automotive electronic technology development, switching Non-contact electronic kilometer sensor be market development trend.
The operation principle of electronic odometer sensor is generally divided into two kinds, Hall type induction type and coil form induction type,
Both work essence is all to motivate analog signal by electromagnetic induction, and the former needs to use Hall type sensing element, this
Element Technology threshold is low, and manufacturer is more, but the element produced at present is difficult to meet commercial in the technical indicators such as temperature, vibration
Car use requirement；Coil form is simple in construction, directly can be processed in market purchasing or voluntarily, the production technology of coil is directly determined
Determine the reliability and accuracy of its sensing, two kinds of structures of manufacturer of current electronic odometer sensor are all related to, but
From the point of view of existing market reaction, preferable effect is all not up in the use environment in commercial car.
It is generally the Hall switch in the kilometer sensor using Hall type sensing element, this sensor in the market
The operationally B by settingOP(Operate Point operating points) and BRP(Release Point point of releases) judges field strength
Change produce the upset of signal, but because the external disturbance factors such as vehicle vibration, environment temperature, electromagnetic interference may be to quick
The field strength of sensing unit sensing produces disturbance, causes sensor sensing to fail, instrument shows inaccurate, and accumulative mileage has error.
The content of the invention
A kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor proposed by the present invention, based on the installation with Fa Shite gearboxes
Match somebody with somebody, can precisely judge transmission internal target wheel rotate, improve sensor interference free performance, by with existing market main flow instrument
The matching test of table, can reach good using effect.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of commercial vehicle electric minor mileometer sensing
Device, including power module and the hall effect module that the field strength produced change is rotated for sensing target wheel, the power module connect
Hall effect module is connect, the output end of hall effect module is connected with signal processing module, and the output end of signal processing module is made
Carload instrument is connected for output driving module；
The power module includes power supply VCC, power supply VCC connection commutation diodes D1 input, commutation diode D1
Output end be divided into three branch roads, first branch road is grounded by electric capacity C1, Article 2 branch road connection resistance R1 input, electricity
Resistance R1 output end connects grounding resistance C2, is grounded Zener diode regulator D2 and triode emitter follower Q1 base respectively
Pole, Article 3 branch road connecting triode emitter follower Q1 colelctor electrode, triode emitter follower Q1 emitter-base bandgap grading output end bag
Three branch roads are included, first branch road is grounded by electric capacity C3, and Article 2 branch road is used as pull-up power supply VoutOutput end, Article 3
Branch road is grounded by the resistance R3 and resistance R4 of series connection, and reference voltage V is provided between resistance R3 and resistance R4refOutput
End；
The hall effect module includes pull-up power supply VoutWith hall sensing IC, the pull-up power supply VoutOutput end point
For three branch roads, first branch road connects to be additionally provided with to input voltage on the hall sensing IC test pin that connects, first branch road
It is filtered the ground capacity C4 of interference, Article 2 branch road connection hall sensing IC power input pin, Article 3 branch road
Connect resistance R2；Hall sensing IC grounding pin connection earth signal, hall sensing IC output pin is divided into two branch roads,
First branch road is grounded by electric capacity C5, and Article 2 branch road connection resistance R2 output end is used as hall sensing IC output voltages
VhalloutOutput end；
The hall sensing IC also includes IC induced inside unit Hall and by positive peak detection unit PDAC, reverse peak
It is worth in the high-resolution field strength peak detection unit of detection unit NDAC and logic update unit (logic update) composition, IC
The primary signal of portion sensing unit Hall outputs passes through operational amplifier (Hall Amp), temperature compensation calibration unit, low pass filtered
Ripple, reference calibration are sent to fader DDA, and fader DDA output end is divided into two branch roads, first branch road point
Not Lian Jie forward direction peak detection unit PDAC and reversed peak detection unit NDAC input, positive peak detection unit PDAC
Logic update unit (logic update), positive peak detection unit are connected between reversed peak detection unit NDAC
PDAC and reversed peak detection unit NDAC output end connect the input of operational mode threshold selector, operational mode threshold
The output end of selector and fader DDA Article 2 output branch road access the input of Schmidt trigger, described
The output end of Schmidt trigger exports hall sensing IC output voltages by mode control module, current limiting module
Vhallout。
The signal processing module includes hall sensing IC output voltages Vhallout, reference voltage Vref, operation amplifier
Device U1A and operational amplifier U1B, hall sensing IC output voltages VhalloutDifference concatenation operation amplifier U1A homophase input
End and operational amplifier U1B inverting input, reference voltage VrefOutput end be divided into two branch roads, first branch road
It is grounded by electric capacity C6, Article 2 branch road difference concatenation operation amplifier U1A inverting input and operational amplifier U1B's is same
Phase input, operational amplifier U1A and operational amplifier U1B power input pins with pull-up power supply VoutConnection, operation amplifier
Device U1A and operational amplifier U1B grounding pin connection earth signal；The output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected with resistance
R5, resistance R5 output end are divided into two branch roads, and first branch road is grounded by electric capacity C7, and Article 2 branch output signal A gives
Carload instrument；Operational amplifier U1B is connected with resistance R6, and resistance R6 output end is divided into two branch roads, and first branch road passes through
Electric capacity C8 is grounded, and Article 2 branch output signal B is to carload instrument.
The supply district of the power module is designed as DC8V~24V.
The sensor is arranged on output shaft of gear-box bearing cap.
The housing external screw thread of the sensor is designed and sized to M18 × 1.5.
The hall sensing IC is integrated with permanent magnet.
The target wheel is the target wheel of 8 teeth or 16 teeth.
The triode emitter follower Q1 uses NPN structure triodes.
Sensor of the invention rotates the field strength produced by the Hall type sense element senses target wheel of head foremost and become
Change, motivate analog signal, back-end circuit is amplified to signal, reverse process, produce output drive signal.
The commercial car that the present invention is matched for Fa Shite gearboxes, it is whole according to QC/T 783-2007 standard combination commercial car
Car system requirements, designs and develops the commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor of satisfaction, this electronic sensor by sentencing in real time
Target wheel (being usually 8 teeth or 16 teeth) on disconnected gearbox output main shaft is rotated so as to output frequency signal, and instrument receives the frequency
Current vehicle speed is calculated by being superimposed the parameters such as axle ratio after vehicle, tire radius after signal and is shown.
Sensor of the invention has the advantages that：High-resolution field strength is provided with hall sensing IC circuits
Peak detection unit, adaptive can should determine that hall sensing IC upset threshold point, it is ensured that the Hall under the eccentric situation of target wheel
IC is sensed to tooth top, the correct sensing of tooth root field strength change, improves the precision and accuracy rate of sensor；Simultaneously in hall sensing
The vulnerability to jamming that low pass filter improves hall sensing IC is provided with IC circuits；Power supply VCC is entered by rectification diode D1
Row rectification, reverse short-circuit protection, employ triode penetrate grade follower Q1 matching Zener diode regulator D2 mu balanced circuit to
Rear end powers, it is ensured that the electrical stability of back-end circuit.
Further, the present invention is designed with the signal processing module of hall sensing IC output signals, IC signals is carried out whole
Shape and reverse process, improve the reliability and stability of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is sensor of the invention operating diagram.
Fig. 2 is sensor internal circuit module.
Fig. 3 is power module schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is hall effect module structural representation.
Fig. 5 is hall sensing IC internal structure schematic diagrams.
Fig. 6 is that output state is opened when field strength is more than BOP.
Fig. 7 is that output state is closed when field strength is less than BRP.
Fig. 8 is operational amplifier comparison circuit structural representation.
Fig. 9 is sensor signal output waveform structural representation.
Figure 10 is sensor contour structures schematic diagram.
In accompanying drawing：1st, power input pin, 2, output pin, 3, test pin, 4, grounding pin.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings technical scheme is further illustrated with specific embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor, including supply district are designed as DC8V~24V's
Power supply VCC and hall sensing IC, the power supply VCC connection hall sensing IC that the field strength produced change is rotated for sensing target wheel, suddenly
Your sensing IC is integrated with permanent magnet.
Referring to Fig. 2, power module connection hall effect module, the output end of hall effect module is connected with signal transacting mould
Block, the output end of signal processing module is used as output driving module connection carload instrument；
Referring to Fig. 3, power module includes power supply VCC and triode the emitter follower Q1, power supply VCC using NPN structures
Commutation diode D1 input is connected, commutation diode D1 output end is divided into three branch roads, and first branch road passes through electric capacity
C1 is grounded, Article 2 branch road connection resistance R1 input, and resistance R1 output end connects grounding resistance C2, ground connection Zener respectively
Voltage-regulator diode D2 and triode emitter follower Q1 base stage, Article 3 branch road connecting triode emitter follower Q1 current collection
Pole, triode emitter follower Q1 emitter-base bandgap grading output end includes three branch roads, and first branch road is grounded by electric capacity C3, Article 2
Branch road is used as pull-up power supply VoutOutput end, Article 3 branch road is grounded by the resistance R3 and resistance R4 of series connection, resistance R3 and electricity
Reference voltage V is provided between resistance R4refOutput end；To power supply VCC by rectification diode D1 carry out rectification, reversely it is short
Road is protected, and employs the mu balanced circuit power supply to the back-end that triode penetrates grade follower Q1 matching Zener diode regulators D2, it is ensured that
The electrical stability of back-end circuit.
Referring to Fig. 4, hall effect module includes pull-up power supply VoutWith hall sensing IC, the pull-up power supply VoutOutput
End is divided into three branch roads, and first branch road connects connecing for hall sensing IC and be additionally provided with test pin 3, first branch road to input
Voltage is filtered the ground capacity C4 of interference, Article 2 branch road connection hall sensing IC power input pin 1, Article 3
Branch road connection resistance R2；The hall sensing IC connection earth signal of grounding pin 4, hall sensing IC 2 points of output pin is two
Bar branch road, first branch road is grounded by electric capacity C5, and Article 2 branch road connection resistance R2 output end is defeated as hall sensing IC
Go out voltage VhalloutOutput end.
Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, hall sensing IC also includes IC induced inside unit Hall and by positive peakvalue's checking
Unit PDAC, reversed peak detection unit NDAC and logic update unit (logic update) composition high-resolution field strength peak
It is worth detection unit, the primary signal of IC induced inside units Hall outputs passes through operational amplifier (Hall Amp), temperature-compensating
Alignment unit, LPF, reference calibration are sent to fader DDA, and fader DDA output end is divided into two branch
Road, first branch road connects positive peak detection unit PDAC and reversed peak detection unit NDAC input respectively, positive
Logic update unit (logic update) is connected between peak detection unit PDAC and reversed peak detection unit NDAC, just
The input of operational mode threshold selector is connected to peak detection unit PDAC and reversed peak detection unit NDAC output end
End, the output end of operational mode threshold selector and fader DDA Article 2 output branch road access schmidt trigger
The input of device, the output end of the Schmidt trigger exports hall sensing by mode control module, current limiting module
IC output voltages Vhallout；
High-resolution field strength peak detection unit by positive peak detection unit PDAC, reversed peak detection unit NDAC and
Logic update unit (logic update) constitute, three in the hall sensing IC courses of work field strength change carry out in real time with
Track, positive peak value, reversed peak are calculated by the data analysis added up during sensing, and the data drawn are worked as with DDA again
Preceding output signal is compared, so as to finally judge IC sense state.It is based on continuous, the dynamic to field strength data variation
Analysis in real time and amendment, comparison procedure are so as to ensure that accurate, high-resolution that hall sensing IC senses to field strength judge.
Positive peak detection unit PDAC and reversed peak detection unit NDAC output signal are passing through schmidt trigger
Device is exported after being compared, and Schmidt trigger has been internally integrated a pre-set hysteresis interval (Hysteresis),
The input signal of trigger only has trigger during more than BRP (Release point) or less than BOP (Operate point)
Output state just meeting saltus step, the interval between BRP and BOP is referred to as magnetic hysteresis (Hysteresis), and hysteresis interval can avoid production
Product are in the course of the work due to the erroneous judgement that mechanical oscillation, external electromagnetic interference are brought to induction field intensity values, so as to improve product
Vulnerability to jamming.
Referring to Fig. 8, signal processing module includes hall sensing IC output voltages Vhallout, reference voltage Vref, computing
Amplifier U1A and operational amplifier U1B, hall sensing IC output voltages VhalloutDifference concatenation operation amplifier U1A same phase
The inverting input of input and operational amplifier U1B, reference voltage VrefOutput end be divided into two branch roads, first
Branch road is grounded by electric capacity C6, Article 2 branch road difference concatenation operation amplifier U1A inverting input and operational amplifier U1B
In-phase input end, operational amplifier U1A and operational amplifier U1B power input pins with pull-up power supply VoutConnection, computing
Amplifier U1A and operational amplifier U1B grounding pin connection earth signal；The output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected with
Resistance R5, resistance R5 output end are divided into two branch roads, and first branch road is grounded by electric capacity C7, Article 2 branch output signal
A is to carload instrument；Operational amplifier U1B is connected with resistance R6, and resistance R6 output end is divided into two branch roads, and first branch road leads to
Electric capacity C8 ground connection is crossed, Article 2 branch output signal B is to carload instrument.
Referring to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, using above-mentioned two-way operational amplifier U1 to Vref、VHalloutInput signal be compared,
Two-way output signal is produced, operational amplifier U1A produces output signal A, and operational amplifier U1B produces output signal B, from figure
Understand 180 ° of this two paths of signals phase difference；Design two-way output signal has the advantage that：One is to meet passenger car to electric on vehicle
Initialize the semaphore request of kilometer sensor (user can require access high level or low level according to vehicle ECU)；Two be two
Road output can provide space signal all the way for vehicle, or use two paths of signals to drive different loads to increase the driving of product
In ability, figure, resistance R5, the resistance R6 port short-circuit protection that is designed as provide guarantee, the ratio that the present invention passes through operational amplifier
Secondary reshaping output is carried out to signal compared with circuit, the reliability and stability of the present invention are improved；As it can be observed in the picture that this product will
VHalloutSignal is directly output to load, the operational amplifier sourcing current I of use by U1SourceUp to 30mA, sink current ISink
For 20mA.
Referring to Figure 10, the installation site of sensor is on output shaft of gear-box bearing cap, and housing external screw thread is designed and sized to
Installed with matching bearing cap M18 × 1.5；According to its housing end face after three-dimensional assembly simulation and measuring and calculating sensor installation to main shaft target
The spacing of wheel, housing head is designed and sized to 35mm, and product connects connector according to ISO 15170《Road vehicle --- band pin and
The quadrupole electric connector of twistlock》Standard is designed, and target wheel uses the target wheel of 8 teeth or 16 teeth.
The hall sensing IC of present invention reliable operating temperature scope is -40 °~150 °, meets the strict environment of commercial car
Temperature requirement.
Required according to QC/T783-2007, Sensor Output Characteristic meets following require
| Characteristic project | Output characteristics parameter |
| (every turn) umber of pulse | 8,16 |
| Cycle T | When 10ms, 750r/min, during 375r/min, during 1000r/min etc. |
| Dutycycle D | 30%-70% |
| Rise time tR | Rise (10%-90%)；15us–30 us |
| Fall time tP | Fall (90%-10%)；3.5us–20 us |
| Low level voltage VOL | ≤0.5V |
| High level voltage VOH | ≥5V |
The Sensor Output Characteristic parameter of table 1.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor, it is characterised in that：Turn including power module and for sensing target wheel
The hall effect module of the field strength change of movable property life, the power module connects hall effect module, hall effect module it is defeated
Go out end and be connected with signal processing module, the output end of signal processing module is used as output driving module connection carload instrument；
The power module include power supply VCC, power supply VCC connection commutation diodes D1 input, commutation diode D1's is defeated
Go out end and be divided into three branch roads, first branch road is grounded by electric capacity C1, Article 2 branch road connection resistance R1 input, resistance R1
Output end connect grounding resistance C2 respectively, be grounded Zener diode regulator D2 and triode emitter follower Q1 base stage, the
Three branch road connecting triode emitter follower Q1 colelctor electrode, triode emitter follower Q1 emitter-base bandgap grading output end includes three
Branch road, first branch road is grounded by electric capacity C3, and Article 2 branch road is used as pull-up power supply VoutOutput end, Article 3 branch road lead to
Resistance R3 and resistance the R4 ground connection of series connection are crossed, reference voltage V is provided between resistance R3 and resistance R4refOutput end；
The hall effect module includes pull-up power supply VoutWith hall sensing IC, the pull-up power supply VoutOutput end be divided into three
Bar branch road, first branch road connects connecing for hall sensing IC and is additionally provided with to enter input voltage on test pin (3), first branch road
The ground capacity C4 of interference, Article 2 branch road connection hall sensing IC power input pin (1), Article 3 branch road are removed in row filtering
Connect resistance R2；Hall sensing IC grounding pin (4) connection earth signal, hall sensing IC output pin (2) is divided into two
Bar branch road, first branch road is grounded by electric capacity C5, and Article 2 branch road connection resistance R2 output end is defeated as hall sensing IC
Go out voltage VhalloutOutput end；
The hall sensing IC also includes IC induced inside unit Hall and examined by positive peak detection unit PDAC, reversed peak
Survey and feel inside the high-resolution field strength peak detection unit of unit NDAC and logic update unit (logic update) composition, IC
The primary signal for answering unit Hall to export passes through operational amplifier (Hall Amp), temperature compensation calibration unit, LPF, base
Quasi- calibration is sent to fader DDA, and fader DDA output end is divided into two branch roads, and first branch road connects respectively
Connect positive peak detection unit PDAC and reversed peak detection unit NDAC input, positive peak detection unit PDAC and anti-
To being connected with logic update unit (logic update) between peak detection unit NDAC, positive peak detection unit PDAC and
Reversed peak detection unit NDAC output end connects the input of operational mode threshold selector, operational mode threshold selector
Output end and fader DDA Article 2 output branch road access the input of Schmidt trigger, the Schmidt
The output end of trigger exports hall sensing IC output voltages V by mode control module, current limiting modulehallout。
2. a kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：At the signal
Managing module includes hall sensing IC output voltages Vhallout, reference voltage Vref, operational amplifier U1A and operational amplifier
U1B, hall sensing IC output voltages VhalloutDifference concatenation operation amplifier U1A in-phase input end and operational amplifier U1B
Inverting input, reference voltage VrefOutput end be divided into two branch roads, first branch road is grounded by electric capacity C6,
Two branch road distinguishes concatenation operation amplifier U1A inverting input and operational amplifier U1B in-phase input end, operation amplifier
Device U1A and operational amplifier U1B power input pins with pull-up power supply VoutConnection, operational amplifier U1A and operational amplifier
U1B grounding pin connection earth signal；The output end of the operational amplifier U1A is connected with resistance R5, resistance R5 output end
It is divided into two branch roads, first branch road is grounded by electric capacity C7, and Article 2 branch output signal A is to carload instrument；Operation amplifier
Device U1B is connected with resistance R6, and resistance R6 output end is divided into two branch roads, and first branch road is grounded by electric capacity C8, Article 2
Branch output signal B is to carload instrument.
3. a kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The power supply mould
The supply district of block is designed as DC8V~24V.
4. a kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sensor
On output shaft of gear-box bearing cap.
5. a kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The sensor
Housing external screw thread be designed and sized to M18 × 1.5.
6. a kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The Hall sense
IC is answered to be integrated with permanent magnet.
7. a kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The target wheel is
The target wheel of 8 teeth or 16 teeth.
8. a kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The triode
Emitter follower Q1 uses NPN structure triodes.
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| CN201410558891.2A CN104296773B (en) | 2014-10-20 | 2014-10-20 | A kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410558891.2A CN104296773B (en) | 2014-10-20 | 2014-10-20 | A kind of commercial vehicle electric minor kilometer sensor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104296773A CN104296773A (en) | 2015-01-21 |
| CN104296773B true CN104296773B (en) | 2017-07-28 |
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| US4697278A (en) * | 1985-03-01 | 1987-09-29 | Veeder Industries Inc. | Electronic hub odometer |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104296773A (en) | 2015-01-21 |
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