CN104292114A - Preparation method of onium hydroxide - Google Patents
Preparation method of onium hydroxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN104292114A CN104292114A CN201310307194.5A CN201310307194A CN104292114A CN 104292114 A CN104292114 A CN 104292114A CN 201310307194 A CN201310307194 A CN 201310307194A CN 104292114 A CN104292114 A CN 104292114A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of an onium hydroxide represented by formula I. The method comprises the following steps: sending an aqueous solution of onium salt represented by formula II into a bipolar membrane electrodialysis apparatus, and carrying out bipolar membrane electrodialysis to obtain an aqueous solution of the onium hydroxide represented by formula I, wherein a neutralizing liquid is sent into the acid chamber of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis apparatus, and contains a substance, and the substance and HX undergo an acid-base reaction. The preparation method of the onium hydroxide has the advantages of long continuous running time of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis apparatus, production cost reduction and production efficiency increase. The onium hydroxide prepared through the method has purity and good quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of oxyhydroxide, particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of bipolar membrane electrodialysis process that adopts to prepare the method for oxyhydroxide.
Background technology
Quaternary ammonium hydroxide is a kind of important organic bases, of many uses, can as the clean-out system of surface-mounted integrated circuit in electronic industry, etching agent and rumbling compound, can also as refining oil and auxiliary agent in chemical engineering and catalyzer.And, quaternary ammonium hydroxide (as TPAOH, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide) is irreplaceable alkali source and template in synthesis of titanium silicon molecular sieve, HTS then has good selective paraffin oxidation catalytic performance, is to produce catalyzer indispensable in Resorcinol, cyclohexanone-oxime and propylene oxide process.
At present, the method for producing quaternary ammonium hydroxide mainly contains the precipitator method, ion exchange method and electroosmose process.Wherein, the precipitator method are dissolved in suitable organic solvent by quaternary ammonium salt, then adds alkali, and the positively charged ion of the negatively charged ion in quaternary ammonium salt in alkali is combined, be precipitated out to form the less salt of solubleness in organic solvent, after being separated, obtaining the method for quaternary ammonium hydroxide; Ion-exchange rule adopts strongly basic anionic resin that bromination (or chlorination) quaternary ammonium salt aqueous solution is carried out ion-exchange, thus obtain quaternary ammonium hydroxide; Electroosmose process is in diaphragm electrolytic cell, makes quaternary ammonium salt and alkali carry out ion-exchange and be hydroxide ion by the anion metathesis in quaternary ammonium salt by barrier film, and then acquisition quaternary ammonium hydroxide.Wherein, the production cost of the precipitator method is higher, and the quality of the product obtained needs to improve further; Although the quality of product prepared by ion exchange method is better, production cost is also lower simultaneously, can produce a large amount of waste water, being unfavorable for environment protection when regenerating ion exchange resin.
Electroosmose process is different according to the kind of the film used, and can be divided into one pole EDBM method (that is, ion exchange membrane) and bipolar membrane electrodialysis method.Although one pole EDBM method can obtain colory product, the electrolyzer used is comparatively complicated, and has by product to produce.Bipolar membrane electrodialysis method is by under DC electric field effect, uses Bipolar Membrane by hydrolytic dissociation, obtains H respectively in the both sides of Bipolar Membrane
+and OH
-, thus quaternary ammonium salt is converted into corresponding quaternary ammonium hydroxide.The device structure of bipolar membrane electrodialysis process is comparatively simple, and does not substantially have by product to produce.
CN1334796A disclose a kind of in electrodialysis unit by electrodialysis prepare element N, S or P the method for oxyhydroxide, this device has the groove unit in anode, negative electrode and one or more sour loop of each band and alkali loop, the salts solution lead-ingroove unit of following general formula (I) and alkali loop are carried out electrodialysis
Wherein, M represents N, S or P; R
1, R
2, R
3and R
4be respectively separate, sometimes replace with functional group, carbonatoms be the straight chain of 1-30 or side chain, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic series, cyclic aliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic group or R
1-R
4in two groups and M form heterocycle, X
-represent n valency negatively charged ion, n represents the number of 1-4,
Wherein, each groove unit is made up of Bipolar Membrane and negatively charged ion selective membrane, and the anode side between last negatively charged ion selective membrane and anode has Bipolar Membrane or cation selective membrane.
Method disclosed in CN1334796A can extend the life-span of anode material and cathode material, and the foreign matter content in the product material simultaneously obtained is low.
Summary of the invention
The present inventor finds in research process, when adopting bipolar membrane electrodialysis method to prepare oxyhydroxide (such as quaternary ammonium hydroxide), the seriously corroded of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device (particularly electrode), and ion-exchange membrane (particularly adjacent with electrode vessel Bipolar Membrane) surface is easy to bubbling, cause the continuous operating time of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device shorter, need frequent shutdowns to change damaged parts.
The present inventor finds through research, there is the reason of above-mentioned phenomenon mainly: in inevitably existing in bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, blend membrane permeation, the feed liquid in sour room is made to enter in other chamber, the acidity of the feed liquid in other chamber is caused to strengthen, aggravation corrosion, particularly makes the corrosion of electrode aggravate; When feed liquid enters other chamber in acid room due to membrane permeation, also can cause film surface blisters (particularly adjacent with electrode vessel Bipolar Membrane), make film cannot realize its function.
The present inventor conducts in-depth research for this reason, find: when adopting bipolar membrane electrodialysis process to prepare oxyhydroxide, if add containing with HX, the neutralizer of acid-base reaction occurring in the sour room of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, then significantly can alleviate the corrosion condition of electrodialysis appts and the phenomenon of ion-exchange membrane surface blisters, extend the continuous operating time of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device.This completes the present invention.
The invention provides the preparation method of the oxyhydroxide shown in a kind of formula I, the method comprises: sent into by the aqueous solution of the salt shown in formula II in bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, carry out bipolar membrane electrodialysis, obtain the aqueous solution containing the oxyhydroxide shown in formula I, wherein, the method comprises sends into neutralizer in the sour room of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, and described neutralizer contains and with HX, the material of acid-base reaction can occur
In formula I and formula II, M is nitrogen, sulphur or phosphorus; R
1, R
2, R
3identical or different with R4, be C separately
1-C
20straight or branched alkyl, C
3-C
20substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl or C
6-C
20substituted or unsubstituted aryl; X is halogen atom.
According to method of the present invention, the continuous operating time of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device is long, while reduction production cost, can also shorten the time causing owing to changing parts stopping work, enhance productivity.Meanwhile, the purity of the oxyhydroxide adopting method of the present invention to prepare is high, quality better.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is for illustration of a kind of embodiment of the preparation method of oxyhydroxide of the present invention; And
Fig. 2 is for illustration of the another kind of embodiment of the preparation method of oxyhydroxide of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides the preparation method of the oxyhydroxide shown in a kind of formula I, the method comprises: sent into by the aqueous solution of the salt shown in formula II in bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, carry out bipolar membrane electrodialysis, obtain the aqueous solution containing the oxyhydroxide shown in formula I, wherein, the method comprises sends into neutralizer in the sour room of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, and described neutralizer contains and with HX, the material of acid-base reaction can occur
According to method of the present invention, the salt shown in formula II can carry out appropriate selection according to the structure of the oxyhydroxide of expection, the various salt can commonly used for this area.Usually, in formula I and formula II, M can be N, S or P; R
1, R
2, R
3and R
4identical or different, can be C separately
1-C
20straight or branched alkyl, C
3-C
20substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl or C
6-C
20substituted or unsubstituted aryl.
In the present invention, C
1-C
20the example of straight or branched alkyl can include but not limited to: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, sec.-propyl, normal-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl-, the tertiary butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, tert-pentyl, neo-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, positive decyl, dodecyl, n-hexadecyl and Octadecane base.
In the present invention, C
3-C
20the example of substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl can include but not limited to: cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 4-methylcyclohexyl, 4-ethylcyclohexyl, 4-n-propyl cyclohexyl and 4-normal-butyl cyclohexyl.
In the present invention, C
6-C
20the example of substituted or unsubstituted aryl can include but not limited to: phenyl, naphthyl, 4-aminomethyl phenyl and 4-ethylphenyl.
In formula I and formula II, M is preferably N.
In formula I and formula II, R
1, R
2, R
3and R
4be preferably C
1-C
5straight or branched alkyl, be more preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, sec.-propyl, normal-butyl, isobutyl-or the tertiary butyl.
In formula II, X is preferably chlorine atom or bromine atoms.
Particularly, the example of the salt shown in formula II can include but not limited to: tetramethyl ammonium chloride, etamon chloride, 4-propyl bromide, 4 bromide, tetraethylammonium bromide, 4-propyl ammonium chloride (comprising the various isomer of 4-propyl ammonium chloride), tetrabutylammonium chloride (comprising the various isomer of tetrabutylammonium chloride), Tetrabutyl amonium bromide (comprising the various isomer of Tetrabutyl amonium bromide), four pentyl brometo de amonio (comprising the various isomer of four pentyl brometo de amonio) and four decyl brometo de amonios (comprising the various isomer of four decyl brometo de amonios).The example of the oxyhydroxide shown in formula I can include but not limited to: Tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, TPAOH (comprising the various isomer of TPAOH), four pentyl ammonium hydroxide (comprising the various isomer of four pentyl ammonium hydroxide) and four decyl ammonium hydroxide (comprising the various isomer of four decyl ammonium hydroxide).
Method of the present invention is not particularly limited for the set-up mode of the membrane stack in bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, the various membrane stack set-up modes that salt can be realized to transform into oxyhydroxide can commonly used for this area.
In the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, described electrodialysis unit comprises negative electrode 1, anode 4 and at least two Bipolar Membrane 2 between negative electrode 1 and anode 4 and at least one anion-exchange membrane 3, Bipolar Membrane 2 and anion-exchange membrane 3 are arranged alternately between negative electrode 1 and anode 4, and negative electrode 1 and anion-exchange membrane 3 separate by Bipolar Membrane 2.Preferably, anode 4 and anion-exchange membrane 3 separate by Bipolar Membrane 2.
In a first embodiment, be sour room between the cation exchange layer of described Bipolar Membrane and described anion-exchange membrane, be alkali room between the anion exchange layer of described Bipolar Membrane and described anion-exchange membrane, being cathode compartment between the cation exchange layer of described Bipolar Membrane and described negative electrode, is anolyte compartment between the anion exchange layer (or described anion-exchange membrane) of described Bipolar Membrane and described anode.
When adopting this embodiment to carry out electrodialysis to prepare oxyhydroxide to salt, as shown in Figure 1, can the salt brine solution shown in the formula II as feed liquid B be sent in alkali room, pole liquid A is passed in cathode compartment and anolyte compartment, and neutralizer C is passed in sour room, then apply galvanic current between the anode and cathode, thus carry out bipolar membrane electrodialysis.
In the process of bipolar membrane electrodialysis, water decomposition is hydrogen ion (H by Bipolar Membrane
+) and hydroxide ion (OH
-), OH
-enter alkali room by the anion exchange layer of Bipolar Membrane, contact with the salt in the salt brine solution shown in formula II, with the X in molecules of salt structure
-replace, thus obtain the oxyhydroxide shown in formula II.The X displaced
-then enter in sour room by anion-exchange membrane, with the H produced in electrodialysis process
+in conjunction with, so with can there is the material contact reacts of acid-base reaction with HX in neutralizer.
In a first embodiment, the Bipolar Membrane in bipolar membrane electrodialysis device and the quantity of anion-exchange membrane are not particularly limited, and can carry out appropriate selection according to industrial scale.Usually, the quantity of described Bipolar Membrane can be 2-401, and the quantity of described anion-exchange membrane can be 1-400.
In the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, described electrodialysis unit comprises anode 4, negative electrode 1 and at least two Bipolar Membrane 2 between anode 4 and negative electrode 1, at least one cationic exchange membrane 5 and at least one anion-exchange membrane 3, Bipolar Membrane 2, between Bipolar Membrane 2, separates by cationic exchange membrane 5 and anion-exchange membrane 3 between two.
In the second embodiment, it is sour room between the cation exchange layer of Bipolar Membrane and anion-exchange membrane, it is alkali room between the anion exchange layer of Bipolar Membrane and cationic exchange membrane, it is feed liquid room between cationic exchange membrane and anion-exchange membrane, being cathode compartment between the cation exchange layer of Bipolar Membrane and negative electrode, is anolyte compartment between the anion exchange layer of Bipolar Membrane and anode.
When adopting the second embodiment cause salt to prepare oxyhydroxide, as shown in Figure 2, can the salt brine solution shown in the formula II as feed liquid B be sent in feed liquid room, pole liquid A is sent in cathode compartment and anolyte compartment, in sour room, send into neutralizer C simultaneously, in alkali room, send into water, then apply galvanic current between the anode and cathode, thus carry out bipolar membrane electrodialysis.
In bipolar membrane electrodialysis process, under the effect of electric field, the salt shown in formula II polarizes, and is formed
(hereinafter use Q
+represent) and X
-.Wherein, Q
+enter in alkali room by cationic exchange membrane, with the OH produced in bipolar membrane electrodialysis process
-in conjunction with, form the quaternary ammonium hydroxide shown in formula I; X
-then enter in sour room by anion-exchange membrane, with the H produced in bipolar membrane electrodialysis process
+in conjunction with, and further with can there is the material contact reacts of acid-base reaction with HX in neutralizer.
In the second embodiment, in the salt shown in formula II, R
1, R
2, R
3and R
4be preferably C separately
1-C
4straight or branched alkyl, be more preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or sec.-propyl separately.
In the second embodiment, the quantity of Bipolar Membrane, cationic exchange membrane and anion-exchange membrane can carry out appropriate selection according to concrete industrial scale.Usually, the quantity of described Bipolar Membrane can be 2-401, and the quantity of described cationic exchange membrane and anion-exchange membrane can be 1-400 separately.
According to method of the present invention, the first embodiment is preferably adopted to carry out bipolar membrane electrodialysis.
Although be described with reference to the accompanying drawings two kinds of embodiments of the preparation method according to oxyhydroxide of the present invention, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, the membrane stack being different from bipolar membrane electrodialysis device mentioned above can also be adopted to arrange, as long as the setting of this membrane stack can by the oxyhydroxide shown in the salt preparation formula I shown in formula II.
According to method of the present invention, variously can there is the compound of acid-base reaction with the HX that generates in bipolar membrane electrodialysis process for conventional in the material that with HX acid-base reaction can occur in described neutralizer.Preferably, the described material that with HX acid-base reaction can occur is selected from water-soluble alkali, such as: NH
3and M ' (OH)
n, wherein, M ' is basic metal (as Li, Na and K), one in alkaline-earth metal (as Mg) and transition metal, is preferably basic metal, is more preferably Na or K; N is integer, fixed with the valency of M '.
More preferably, using ammoniacal liquor as neutralizer.During using ammoniacal liquor as neutralizer, effectively can alleviate the extent of corrosion of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device and utility appliance thereof.And, owing to blending membrane permeation in existence inevitable in bipolar membrane device, if adopt ammoniacal liquor as neutralizer, the ammoniacal liquor as neutralizer entering alkali room because of interior leakage or membrane permeation can by separating containing the material as the oxyhydroxide of product carries out underpressure distillation of exporting alkali room, so can not introduce the foreign ion of such as alkalimetal ion in the product, the ammonia distillate distilled out then can be collected and be reused as neutralizer.
The feed liquid passed in the sour room of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device is generally and recycles, if only pass into water in the sour room of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, then as the X in the water recycled
-when (when particularly X is Br) content is 2-3 % by weight, just recirculated water must be changed, otherwise bipolar membrane electrodialysis device very easily produces fault.Adopt method of the present invention, even if X in the neutralizer recycled
-(when particularly X is Br) content is more than 8 % by weight, and even up to 10 % by weight, bipolar membrane electrodialysis device still can normally run.In addition, the NH in neutralizer
3can be separated by underpressure distillation.Therefore, when neutralizer is ammoniacal liquor and X is Br, discarded neutralizer can also be used for refining bromine, realizes completely without the cleaner production of discharge.
When using ammoniacal liquor as neutralizer, the concentration of ammoniacal liquor can be normal concentration.Preferably, the concentration of described ammoniacal liquor is 0.5-8 % by weight.
According to method of the present invention, the amount of substance that with HX acid-base reaction can occur in described neutralizer can carry out appropriate selection according to the amount of the salt sent in bipolar membrane electrodialysis device.Usually, the amount of substance that with HX acid-base reaction can occur in described neutralizer can guarantee that the pH value of the neutralizer exported from sour room is 5.5-8, is preferably 7-8.
According to method of the present invention, the kind of the pole liquid passed in cathode compartment and anolyte compartment is not particularly limited, the various poles liquid can commonly used for this area, such as: sulfuric acid.The present inventor finds further at research process, with use sulfuric acid as pole liquid phase ratio, adopt the aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide or the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide as pole liquid, the extent of corrosion, particularly anode of electrodialysis appts and the extent of corrosion of negative electrode can be alleviated further.Further, adopt the aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide or the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide can also obtain as pole liquid and there is more highly purified oxyhydroxide.Preferably, described pole liquid is the aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.More preferably, the aqueous solution of described pole liquid to be concentration the be sodium hydroxide of 0.1-5 % by weight.From the angle of the purity of the oxyhydroxide of raising preparation further, described pole liquid more preferably concentration is the aqueous solution of the sodium hydroxide of 0.1-0.5 % by weight.
According to method of the present invention, the condition of described bipolar membrane electrodialysis is not particularly limited, and can be that the routine of this area is selected.Usually, the condition of described bipolar membrane electrodialysis comprises: temperature can be 20-40 DEG C, and the density of the electric current applied between described anode and negative electrode can be 1.5-10A/dm
2.
According to method of the present invention, the concentration of described salt brine solution can be the routine selection of this area, is not particularly limited.Usually, the concentration of described salt brine solution can be 5-50 % by weight.
According to method of the present invention, the aqueous solution containing the oxyhydroxide shown in formula I obtained by bipolar membrane electrodialysis can directly be used, and also can obtain solid quaternary ammonium hydroxide after by method dehydrations such as distillations.
According to method of the present invention, in actual moving process, pole liquid storage tank, feed liquid storage tank can be set (namely, salt brine solution storage tank) and neutralizer storage tank, and by the chamber of above-mentioned storage tank separately and in bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, thus form loop, realize serialization and run.
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment and comparative example.
In following examples and comparative example, aas determination is adopted to contain the content of atoms metal in the liquid phase of oxyhydroxide; Adopt AgNO
3titration measuring contains the content of halogen atom in the liquid phase of oxyhydroxide; Acid base titration method is adopted to determine the productive rate of oxyhydroxide.
In following examples and comparative example, wppm represent by weight 1,000,000/.
Embodiment 1-5 is for illustration of the preparation method of oxyhydroxide of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, wherein, the quantity of Bipolar Membrane is 51 to the membrane stack of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device used in the present embodiment, and the quantity of anion-exchange membrane is 50.
4-propyl bromide is dissolved in the water, is mixed with the aqueous solution that concentration is 25 % by weight, and is placed in feed liquid storage tank.NaOH is dissolved in the water, is mixed with the aqueous solution that concentration is 0.18 % by weight, as pole liquid, and be placed in pole liquid storage tank.Using concentration be the ammoniacal liquor of 2.5 % by weight as neutralizer, neutralizer is placed in neutralizer storage tank.
The 4-propyl bromide aqueous solution of preparation is sent in the alkali room of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, by the anolyte compartment of pole liquid feeding bipolar membrane electrodialysis device and cathode compartment, neutralizer is sent in the sour room of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device.Then, between the anode and negative electrode of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, apply direct current, at the temperature of 35 DEG C, carry out the bipolar membrane electrodialysis of 70 hours continuously, obtain the aqueous solution containing TPAOH.Wherein, current density is 4A/dm
2.
Produce in a manner described, electrodialysis appts operate continuously 2000 hours no abnormal, wherein, in continuous operation process, the pH value of neutralizer is controlled in the scope of 7-8, and in neutralizer Br
-neutralizer is changed when concentration is 8-10 % by weight.
In process of production, detect the purity of the aqueous solution containing TPAOH of each batch, found that the purity of each batch of aqueous solution obtained is stablized, wherein, the concentration of TPAOH is 17 % by weight, Na
+content for being less than 1wppm, Br
-content is 0.32 % by weight.
After end of run, be 25 % by weight by the concentration that the TPAOH aqueous solution underpressure distillation obtained is concentrated into TPAOH, obtain the distillate containing ammonia and circulated being used as neutralizer, the condition of underpressure distillation comprises: in absolute pressure, pressure is 0.07-0.08MPa, and temperature is 60 DEG C.
Comparative example 1
The method identical with embodiment 1 is adopted to carry out bipolar membrane electrodialysis, to prepare TPAOH, unlike, what be placed in neutralizer storage tank is deionized water, instead of neutralizer.
In continuous operation process, in the water in neutralizer storage tank, Br
-when concentration is 2-3 % by weight, change the deionized water in neutralizer storage tank.Bipolar membrane electrodialysis equipment is accumulative to be run to 120 constantly little, and bipolar membrane electrodialysis device cannot normally run, and operation stops.After being disassembled by the membrane stack of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, find that anode is corroded, and the Bipolar Membrane bubbling adjacent with positive plate is bored a hole.
In production process, detect the purity that every batch contains the aqueous solution of TPAOH, what first obtained contains in the aqueous solution of n-propyl ammonium hydroxide, and the concentration of TPAOH is 16.23 % by weight, Na
+content is 10wppm, Br
-content is 0.38 % by weight.Run within 120 hours, obtain containing TPAOH the aqueous solution in, the concentration of TPAOH is 14.16 % by weight, Na
+content is 75wppm, Br
-content is 5.94 % by weight.
Embodiment 2
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1 to prepare TPAOH, unlike, neutralizer to be concentration be 0.8 % by weight aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, in continuous operation process, the pH value of neutralizer is controlled in the scope of 7-8.
Produce in a manner described, electrodialysis appts operate continuously 2000 hours no abnormal.
In process of production, detect the purity of the aqueous solution containing TPAOH of each batch, found that the purity of each batch of aqueous solution obtained is stablized, wherein, the concentration of TPAOH is 17.12 % by weight, Na
+content is 350wppm, Br
-content is 0.38 % by weight.
Embodiment 3
The method identical with embodiment 1 is adopted to carry out bipolar membrane electrodialysis, to prepare oxyhydroxide, unlike:
Etamon chloride is mixed with the aqueous solution that concentration is 30 % by weight; The neutralizer used for concentration be the ammoniacal liquor of 2.5% % by weight; Use pole liquid for concentration be 0.18 % by weight the NaOH aqueous solution;
At the temperature of 40 DEG C, carry out the bipolar membrane electrodialysis of 65 hours continuously, obtain the aqueous solution containing tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide.Wherein, current density is 3.5A/dm
2.
Produce in a manner described, electrodialysis appts operate continuously 2000 hours no abnormal, wherein, in continuous operation process, Cl in neutralizer
-neutralizer is changed when concentration is 8-10 % by weight.
In process of production, detect the purity of the aqueous solution containing tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide of each batch, found that the purity of each batch of aqueous solution obtained is stablized, wherein, the concentration of tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide is 20.5 % by weight, Na
+content is 3wppm, Cl
-content is 0.29 % by weight.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 2, wherein, the quantity of Bipolar Membrane is 20 to the membrane stack of the bipolar membrane electrodialysis device used in the present embodiment, and the quantity of anion-exchange membrane is 19, and the quantity of cationic exchange membrane is 19.
Tetramethyl ammonium chloride is dissolved in the water, is mixed with the aqueous solution that concentration is 20 % by weight, and is placed in feed liquid storage tank.NaOH is dissolved in the water, is mixed with the aqueous solution that concentration is 0.18 % by weight, as pole liquid, and be placed in pole liquid storage tank.Using concentration be the ammoniacal liquor of 1.2 % by weight as neutralizer, neutralizer is placed in neutralizer storage tank.
The tetramethyl ammonium chloride aqueous solution of preparation is sent in the feed liquid room of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, by in the anolyte compartment of pole liquid feeding bipolar membrane electrodialysis device and cathode compartment, neutralizer is sent in the sour room of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, deionized water is sent in alkali room.Then, at anode and the negative electrode applying direct current of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, at the temperature of 40 DEG C, carry out the bipolar membrane electrodialysis of 65 hours continuously, obtain the aqueous solution containing Tetramethylammonium hydroxide.Wherein, current density is 3A/dm
2.
Produce in a manner described, electrodialysis appts operate continuously 2000 hours no abnormal, wherein, in continuous operation process, in continuous operation process, the pH value of neutralizer is controlled in the scope of 7-8, Cl in neutralizer
-neutralizer is changed when concentration is 8-10 % by weight.
In process of production, detect the purity of the aqueous solution containing Tetramethylammonium hydroxide of each batch, found that the purity of each batch of aqueous solution obtained is stablized, wherein, the concentration of Tetramethylammonium hydroxide is 12 % by weight, Na
+content for being less than 1wppm, Cl
-content is 0.029 % by weight.
Comparative example 2
Adopt the method bipolar membrane electrodialysis identical with embodiment 4, to prepare Tetramethylammonium hydroxide, unlike, what be placed in neutralizer storage tank is deionized water, instead of the neutralizer in embodiment 4.
In continuous operation process, in the water in neutralizer storage tank, Cl
-when concentration is 2-3 % by weight, change the deionized water in neutralizer storage tank.Bipolar membrane electrodialysis device is accumulative to be run to 255 constantly little, and near the Bipolar Membrane foaming leakage of anode, cause bipolar membrane electrodialysis device normally to run, operation stops.
In production process, detect the purity that every batch contains the aqueous solution of Tetramethylammonium hydroxide, what first three batch obtained contains in the aqueous solution of Tetramethylammonium hydroxide, and the concentration of Tetramethylammonium hydroxide is 12.5 % by weight, Na
+content is 5wppm, Cl
-content is 0.045 % by weight; Run to 255 little obtain constantly containing Tetramethylammonium hydroxide the aqueous solution in, the concentration of Tetramethylammonium hydroxide is 10.4 % by weight, Na
+content is 55wppm, Cl
-content is 0.68 % by weight.
Embodiment 5
The identical bipolar membrane electrodialysis device of embodiment 1 is adopted to carry out bipolar membrane electrodialysis, to prepare oxyhydroxide, unlike:
Four pentyl brometo de amonio is mixed with the aqueous solution that concentration is 25 % by weight; Use neutralizer for concentration be 2.5 % by weight ammoniacal liquor; Use pole liquid for concentration be 0.18 % by weight the NaOH aqueous solution;
At the temperature of 40 DEG C, carry out the bipolar membrane electrodialysis of 65 hours continuously, obtain the aqueous solution containing four pentyl ammonium hydroxide.Wherein, current density is 3A/dm
2.
Produce in a manner described, electrodialysis appts operate continuously 2000 hours no abnormal.
In process of production, detect the purity of the aqueous solution containing four pentyl ammonium hydroxide of each batch, found that the purity of each batch of aqueous solution obtained is stablized, wherein, the concentration of four pentyl ammonium hydroxide is 18.3 % by weight, Na
+content is 2wppm, Br
-content is 0.47 % by weight.
Claims (13)
1. the preparation method of the oxyhydroxide shown in a formula I, the method comprises: sent into by the aqueous solution of the salt shown in formula II in bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, carry out bipolar membrane electrodialysis, obtain the aqueous solution containing the oxyhydroxide shown in formula I, it is characterized in that, the method comprises sends into neutralizer in the sour room of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device, and described neutralizer contains and with HX, the material of acid-base reaction can occur
In formula I and formula II, M is nitrogen, sulphur or phosphorus; R
1, R
2, R
3and R
4identical or different, be C separately
1-C
20straight or branched alkyl, C
3-C
20substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl or C
6-C
20substituted or unsubstituted aryl; X is halogen atom.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, described bipolar membrane electrodialysis device comprises anode, negative electrode and at least two Bipolar Membrane between described anode and negative electrode and at least one anion-exchange membrane, described Bipolar Membrane and anion-exchange membrane are arranged alternately between described anode and negative electrode, and described negative electrode and described anion-exchange membrane separate by described Bipolar Membrane, the method comprises to be sent into the aqueous solution of the salt shown in formula II in the alkali room of bipolar membrane electrodialysis device.
3. method according to claim 1, wherein, described bipolar membrane electrodialysis device comprises anode, negative electrode and at least two Bipolar Membrane between described anode and negative electrode, at least one cationic exchange membrane and at least one anion-exchange membrane, described cationic exchange membrane and anion-exchange membrane are between described Bipolar Membrane, described Bipolar Membrane is separated between two, be feed liquid room between described cationic exchange membrane and described anion-exchange membrane, the method comprises to be sent into the aqueous solution of the salt shown in formula II in described feed liquid room.
4. the pole liquid according to the method in claim 1-3 described in any one, wherein, sent in the anolyte compartment and cathode compartment of described bipolar membrane electrodialysis device is the aqueous solution of NaOH.
5. according to the method in claim 1-3 described in any one, wherein, M is nitrogen.
6. according to the method in claim 1-3 described in any one, wherein, R
1, R
2, R
3and R
4be C independently of one another
1-C
5straight or branched alkyl.
7. method according to claim 6, wherein, R
1, R
2, R
3and R
4be methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, sec.-propyl, normal-butyl, isobutyl-or the tertiary butyl independently of one another.
8. according to the method in claim 1-3 described in any one, wherein, X is chlorine atom or bromine atoms.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein, the amount of substance that with HX acid-base reaction can occur in described neutralizer makes the pH value of the neutralizer exported from sour room be 5.5-8.
10. according to the method in claim 1-3 and 9 described in any one, wherein, the described material that with HX acid-base reaction can occur is water-soluble alkali.
11. methods according to claim 10, wherein, described neutralizer is ammoniacal liquor.
12. methods according to claim 11, wherein, the concentration of described ammoniacal liquor is 0.5-8 % by weight.
13. according to the method in claim 1-3 described in any one, and wherein, the condition of described bipolar membrane electrodialysis comprises: temperature is 20-40 DEG C, and the galvanic current density applied between described anode and negative electrode is 1.5-10A/dm
2.
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| CN105862070A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-17 | 广州大有精细化工厂 | Method for preparing 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid or 3-ethoxyl-4-hydroxymandelic acid through bipolar membrane electrodialysis |
| CN107200690A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-26 | 刘铁群 | A kind of application membrane technology produces the environmental protection method of TPAOH |
| CN107365258A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-11-21 | 杭州龙智科技有限公司 | The preparation facilities and preparation method of tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide solution |
| CN107652185A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2018-02-02 | 杭州龙智科技有限公司 | The preparation facilities and preparation method of benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide |
| CN108299209A (en) * | 2018-01-20 | 2018-07-20 | 盐城泛安化学有限公司 | A method of it is prepared using membrane integrating technique and concentrates tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide |
| CN109232264A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-18 | 江西肯特化学有限公司 | A kind of environmentally protective method using membrane technology production tetrapropylammonium hydroxide |
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| CN107200690A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-26 | 刘铁群 | A kind of application membrane technology produces the environmental protection method of TPAOH |
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| CN107652185A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2018-02-02 | 杭州龙智科技有限公司 | The preparation facilities and preparation method of benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide |
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| CN109232264A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-18 | 江西肯特化学有限公司 | A kind of environmentally protective method using membrane technology production tetrapropylammonium hydroxide |
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