CN104289584A - Sheet thermal incremental forming method with hydraulic back-pressure - Google Patents
Sheet thermal incremental forming method with hydraulic back-pressure Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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Abstract
本发明公开一种带液压背压的板料热渐进成形方法，属于金属成形加工技术领域。该方法是在数控渐进成形机床上设置一套含有液池的支撑底座，液池通过管路和油温加热与控制系统连接，支撑底座和油温加热与控制系统通过连接管路形成液压环路，液池内充满导热油；待成形板料固定在支撑底座上，油温加热与控制系统运转，导热油在液压环路内形成一定的压力，该压力使板料在变形前产生一定程度的预胀；系统运转一定时间后，支撑底座以及板料在导热油的加热作用下产生温升，并逐步达到一定的平衡温度；数控渐进成形机床工作完成板料的成形。本发明方法使成形角较大的零件成形得以实现，特别适合冷成形性能差的轻质合金的渐进成形。
The invention discloses a sheet metal thermal progressive forming method with hydraulic back pressure, which belongs to the technical field of metal forming processing. The method is to set a support base containing a liquid pool on the CNC incremental forming machine tool, the liquid pool is connected to the oil temperature heating and control system through the pipeline, and the support base and the oil temperature heating and control system form a hydraulic loop through the connecting pipeline , the liquid pool is filled with heat-conducting oil; the sheet to be formed is fixed on the support base, the oil temperature heating and control system operates, and the heat-conducting oil forms a certain pressure in the hydraulic circuit, which makes the sheet produce a certain degree of pre-deformation After the system runs for a certain period of time, the temperature of the support base and the sheet will rise under the heating of the heat transfer oil, and gradually reach a certain equilibrium temperature; the CNC progressive forming machine tool will complete the forming of the sheet. The method of the invention realizes the forming of parts with large forming angles, and is especially suitable for progressive forming of light alloys with poor cold forming performance.
Description
技术领域： Technical field:
本发明属于属于金属成形加工技术领域，具体涉及一种带液压背压的板料热渐进成形方法。 The invention belongs to the technical field of metal forming processing, and in particular relates to a sheet metal thermal progressive forming method with hydraulic back pressure. the
技术背景： technical background:
渐进成形是一种新型板料柔性加工方法，它将板料成形技术和数控技术有机结合，实现板材的数字化柔性生产。板料渐进成形基于“分层制造”的思想，通过数控程序控制成形工具头沿设定轨迹运动，逐层形成零件的三维包络面，实现板料塑性成形。渐进成形结构装置简单，能够大大节省模具成本和样品试样的成本，非常适合小批量、多品种、形状复杂的板料零件成形。 Incremental forming is a new type of sheet metal flexible processing method, which organically combines sheet metal forming technology and numerical control technology to realize digital flexible production of sheet metal. Sheet metal progressive forming is based on the idea of "layered manufacturing". Through the numerical control program to control the movement of the forming tool head along the set trajectory, the three-dimensional envelope surface of the part is formed layer by layer to realize the plastic forming of the sheet metal. The incremental forming structure is simple and can greatly save the cost of molds and samples. It is very suitable for the forming of sheet metal parts with small batches, multiple varieties, and complex shapes. the
对于常温下成形性能差的板料，可采用温热渐进成形的方式来进行渐进成形，温热加热方式有多种：将支撑底座安装放置在一定温度的温箱内，使板料的成形温度达到一定的温度，温箱成形装置体积庞大，工具头和机床运转空间受温箱口部尺寸局限；有的采用局部跟随工具头加热的成形方式，比如激光加热和电自阻加热等，激光加热等装置设备成本高。 For sheets with poor formability at room temperature, gradual forming can be carried out by means of warm progressive forming. When a certain temperature is reached, the thermostat forming device is bulky, and the operating space of the tool head and the machine tool is limited by the size of the incubator mouth; The cost of devices and equipment is high. the
发明内容： Invention content:
本发明目的在于，利用板料预胀和温度对板料渐进成形性能提高的优势，提供一种成形前有液压预胀，成形过程中带液体背压的板料热渐进成形方法，同时利用液压系统中高温介质直接对板料进行加热。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a sheet metal thermal progressive forming method with hydraulic pre-expansion before forming and with liquid back pressure during the forming process by utilizing the advantages of sheet metal pre-expansion and temperature to improve the performance of sheet metal progressive forming. The high-temperature medium in the system directly heats the sheet. the
本发明所提供的一种带液压背压的板料热渐进成形方法具体步骤如下： The specific steps of a thermal progressive forming method for sheet metal with hydraulic back pressure provided by the present invention are as follows:
(1)在现有数控渐进成形机床上设置一套含有液池的支撑底座，油温加热与控制系统通过管路与所述液池连接，所述液池内充满导热油； (1) Set a set of supporting bases containing a liquid pool on the existing CNC incremental forming machine tool, the oil temperature heating and control system is connected to the liquid pool through pipelines, and the liquid pool is filled with heat-conducting oil;
(2)待成形板料通过压板固定在所述支撑底座上，所述支撑底座和油温加热与控制系统通过连接管路形成液压环路，所述导热油与所述成形板料直接接触； (2) The sheet material to be formed is fixed on the support base through the pressing plate, the support base and the oil temperature heating and control system form a hydraulic loop through the connecting pipeline, and the heat transfer oil is in direct contact with the formed sheet material;
(3)运行所述油温加热与控制系统，所述导热油在所述液压环路内循环，液压环路内形成一定的压力，该压力使所述待成形板料在渐进成形形前产生一定程度的预胀； (3) Operate the oil temperature heating and control system, the heat conduction oil circulates in the hydraulic circuit, and a certain pressure is formed in the hydraulic circuit, which makes the sheet to be formed to be formed before progressive forming A certain degree of pre-expansion;
(4)所述油温加热与控制系统运转一定时间后，所述支撑底座以及待成形板料在所述导热油的加热作用下温度升高，并逐步达到一定的平衡温度； (4) After the oil temperature heating and control system has operated for a certain period of time, the temperature of the support base and the sheet to be formed will rise under the heating of the heat transfer oil, and gradually reach a certain equilibrium temperature;
(5)所述油温加热与控制系统持续工作，所述导热油在所述液压环路内保持循环，所述 板料待成形板料以及所述导热油保持一定的平衡温度；所述数控渐进成形机床工作，成形工具头在NC数控程序的控制下按预定轨迹运动，逐步挤压待成形板料使板料变形，变形逐步累积而成形工件；整个成形过程中待成形板料始终处于所述导热油的加热和背压作用下。 (5) The oil temperature heating and control system continues to work, the heat transfer oil keeps circulating in the hydraulic circuit, and the sheet material to be formed and the heat transfer oil maintain a certain equilibrium temperature; the numerical control The progressive forming machine tool works, the forming tool head moves according to the predetermined trajectory under the control of the NC program, and gradually squeezes the sheet to be formed to deform the sheet, and the deformation gradually accumulates to form the workpiece; the sheet to be formed is always at the desired position during the entire forming process Under the heating and back pressure of the heat transfer oil mentioned above. the
本发明充分利用板料预胀对渐进成形性能的有利作用以及温度提升对板料成形性能的改善，能够进一步提高板材的渐进成形性能，使成形角较大的零件成形得以实现，特别适合冷成形性能差的轻质合金的渐进成形。 The invention makes full use of the beneficial effect of pre-expansion of the sheet material on the progressive forming performance and the improvement of the forming performance of the sheet material by increasing the temperature, can further improve the progressive forming performance of the sheet material, and realize the forming of parts with a large forming angle, and is especially suitable for cold forming Incremental forming of lightweight alloys with poor properties. the
附图说明： Description of drawings:
图1本发明成形方法原理示意图。 Fig. 1 schematic diagram of the principle of forming method of the present invention. the
图中：1：支撑底座；2：压板；3：成形工具头；4.待成形板料。 In the figure: 1: supporting base; 2: pressing plate; 3: forming tool head; 4. sheet to be formed. the
图2本发明成形方法过程示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the forming method of the present invention. the
其中图2(a)表示板料装夹；图2(b)表示油温加热与控制系统系统液压循环，板料加热及预胀；图2(c)表示板料背压下渐进成形。 Among them, Figure 2(a) shows the clamping of the sheet; Figure 2(b) shows the hydraulic cycle of the oil temperature heating and control system, the heating and pre-expansion of the sheet; Figure 2(c) shows the progressive forming of the sheet under back pressure. the
具体实施方式： Detailed ways:
本发明所提供的一种带液体背压的板料温热渐进成形方法的具体步骤如下： The specific steps of a warm progressive forming method for sheet metal with liquid back pressure provided by the present invention are as follows:
(1)在现有数控渐进成形机床上设置一套含有液池的支撑底座； (1) Set a set of support bases containing liquid pools on the existing CNC incremental forming machine tools;
(2)油温加热与控制系统通过管路与所述液池连接，所述液池内充满导热油； (2) The oil temperature heating and control system is connected to the liquid pool through pipelines, and the liquid pool is filled with heat transfer oil;
(3)将待成形板料通过压板固定在支撑底座上，周边压紧，对液池内液体形成密封； (3) Fix the plate to be formed on the support base through the pressure plate, and press the periphery tightly to form a seal for the liquid in the liquid pool;
(4)油温加热与控制系统和液池通过连接管路形成液压环路； (4) The oil temperature heating and control system and the liquid pool form a hydraulic loop through the connecting pipeline;
(5)油温加热与控制系统运转，设定温度的导热油在油温加热与控制系统、管路以及液池内循环，液压环路内形成一定的压力，该压力使板料在变形前产生一定程度的预胀； (5) The oil temperature heating and control system is running, and the heat transfer oil at the set temperature circulates in the oil temperature heating and control system, pipelines and liquid pools, and a certain pressure is formed in the hydraulic circuit, which makes the sheet metal deform before it is deformed. A certain degree of pre-expansion;
(6)油温加热与控制系统运转一定时间后，支撑底座以及板料在导热油的加热作用下产生温升，并逐步达到一定的平衡温度； (6) After the oil temperature heating and control system operates for a certain period of time, the temperature of the support base and the sheet will rise under the heating of the heat transfer oil, and gradually reach a certain equilibrium temperature;
(7)油温加热与控制系统持续工作，导热油在系统内保持循环，板料和液池保持一定的平衡温度；将NC代码输入机床，数控渐进成形机床工作，成形工具头在NC数控程序的控制下按预定轨迹运动，逐步挤压板料使板料变形，变形逐步累积而成形工件；整个成形过程中板料始终在导热油的加热和背压作用下。 (7) The oil temperature heating and control system continues to work, the heat transfer oil keeps circulating in the system, and the plate and liquid pool maintain a certain equilibrium temperature; input the NC code into the machine tool, the CNC progressive forming machine tool works, and the forming tool head is in the NC program Under the control of the machine, it moves according to the predetermined trajectory, and gradually squeezes the sheet to deform the sheet, and the deformation gradually accumulates to form the workpiece; the sheet is always under the heating and back pressure of the heat transfer oil during the entire forming process. the
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105964778A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-09-28 | 西安理工大学 | Method for reducing axial forming force in single-point incremental forming process |
| CN106064199A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-11-02 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of aviation breadth light alloy plate differential temperature progressive molding method and device |
| CN107570585A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of fiber metal board forming device and method |
| CN110102637A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-08-09 | 福州大学 | A kind of single-point progressive molding hot air workbench and its application method |
| CN115502272A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-12-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Reverse progressive air pressure bulging forming device and method for material difficult to deform |
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| CN115502272A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-12-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Reverse progressive air pressure bulging forming device and method for material difficult to deform |
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Effective date of registration: 20191210 Address after: Room 1075, Caiying building, No.99 Tuanjie Road, Jiangbei new district, Nanjing, 211500, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Nanjing vector forming Electromechanical Technology Co., Ltd Address before: 243002 Anhui city in Ma'anshan Province, Huashan District East Lake Road No. 59 Patentee before: Anhui University of Technology |