CN104288147A - 芳香脲类化合物在制备治疗实体瘤药物中的用途 - Google Patents

芳香脲类化合物在制备治疗实体瘤药物中的用途 Download PDF

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CN104288147A
CN104288147A CN201310300560.4A CN201310300560A CN104288147A CN 104288147 A CN104288147 A CN 104288147A CN 201310300560 A CN201310300560 A CN 201310300560A CN 104288147 A CN104288147 A CN 104288147A
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carcinoma
cancer
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solid tumor
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张世喜
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HUNAN COLOURED HIBOI BIOLOGICAL PHARMACEUTICAL CO Ltd
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    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
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Abstract

本发明涉及N-((4-氯-3-三氟甲基)苯基)-N’-((2-氟-4-(2-氨基甲酰基)-4-吡啶基氧)苯基)脲在制备治疗实体瘤的药物中的用途。

Description

芳香脲类化合物在制备治疗实体瘤药物中的用途
发明领域
本发明涉及N-((4-氯-3-三氟甲基)苯基)-N’-((2-氟-4-(2-氨基甲酰基)-4-吡啶基氧)苯基)脲在制备治疗实体瘤药物中的用途。
背景技术
随着对肿瘤分子生物学的深入研究,通过对多种致癌蛋白激酶进行抑制的靶向治疗法已成为抗肿瘤治疗的重要组成部分,并已在各类肿瘤的治疗中获得了重大进展。在细胞中,蛋白激酶通过对上游蛋白、下游蛋白及自身的磷酸化来传达及放大信息,控制细胞的生长、分化和凋亡。
由拜耳研发的索拉非尼(Sorafenib)是于2005年批准的首个治疗晚期肾癌的RAF激酶抑制剂,2007年又被批准为转移性肝癌的治疗药物。进一步的研究使拜耳的科学家们认为,索拉非尼实际上能拮抗多重激酶,它通过同时拮抗RAF激酶以及几种血管生成细胞生长因子受体(例如VEGFR、PDGFR等)来抑制癌细胞的生长与转移(Keating GM,Santoro A.Drugs2009,69(2):223–240)。肾癌及肝癌均是转移性极强的癌症,其中肾癌的主要病理类型是透明细胞癌(clear cell carcinoma),其发病机制与VHL抑癌基因的突变相关。一旦VHL基因发生突变,即便在正常非缺氧生理状态下,其编码的氨基酸蛋白(pVHL)也会导致缺氧诱导因子-1α(hypoxia-inducible factor-1α,HIF-1α)的异常激活;HIF-1α再刺激VEGF与PDGF-β等细胞生长因子的表达合成,参与肿瘤组织的新生血管生成。此外,大多数的肾癌具EGFR表达,且表达程度与预后相关,HIF-1α通过激活TGF-α产生自分泌作用与EGFR结合,从而促进细胞增殖与生存。无论何种生长因子与其受体的结合,通常均需通过Raf/MEK/ERK通路发挥作用(Gunaratnam L,et al.J Biol Chem.2003,278:44966-44974)。
早在1971年,Judah Folkman即提出血管生成理论(Angiogenesis)来解释肿瘤的增长与转移(metastasis)。他们的实验显示血管内皮细胞生长因子抑制剂,内皮抑素(endostatin)与人血管抑素(angiostatin)可以抑制小鼠上肿瘤的增长。他认为肿瘤细胞在自身分裂繁殖到一定程度后(1-2立方毫米),必须借助新生的肿瘤血管提供养分与氧气来帮助其进一步增长与扩散(FolkmanJ,Klagsbrun M.Science1987,235(4787):442–7)。在血管形成过程中,癌细胞分泌出血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)与细胞摸上的受体(VEGFR)结合,刺激血管内皮细胞的生长、分裂、繁殖;同时细胞释放出蛋白水解酶(proteolytic enzymes)和基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)降解周围基质,细胞得以前移、增长、形成管道化血管环和新基底膜,最终形成新生血管。文献进一步显示,多种不同的生长因子同时参与新生肿瘤血管的形成;除VEGF外,还有血小板衍生生长因子(Platelet-derived growth factor,PDGF)和成纤维细胞生长因子(Fibroblast Growth Factor,FGF)等。癌细胞分泌的PDGF和FGF等生长因子通过招募和刺激纤维细胞、平滑肌细胞、外膜细胞的生长形成新的癌细胞血管基质,帮助新生血管的形成。与正常血管不同,这种新生肿瘤血管往往结构不规整,血管基质不完善,渗透性高,所以肿瘤细胞得以渗透到血液中,扩散并附着在身体的其它部位上生长繁殖形成癌症转移(metastasis)。临床研究证明,抑制这一过程能有效地阻止肿瘤的增长和转移,延长患者寿命(Folkman J.Scientific American1996,275(3):150–4)。已知参与癌细胞新生血管形成的生长因子受体有VEGFR-1(Flt-1),VEGFR-2(KDR,或Flk-1),血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)受体PDGFR-α及PDGFR-β,和成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)受体FGFR1-4等;另一方面,结构相似的VEGFR-3(Flt-4)受体主要参与新生淋巴管的形成(Lymphangiogenesis),在癌症通过淋巴系统转移的过程中扮演重要的角色,这些受体都可以作为对抗实质肿瘤增长与转移的靶点(Steven A.Stacker.Lymphangiogenesis in Cancer Metastasis,Springer.2009pp.27–)。
综上所述,最近二十年来人们对癌症的发生、生长、存活及转移在分子层面上的认识取得了非凡的进步,更重要的是,多个临床研究实例都证明了用小分子或大分子药物抑制激酶或生长因子来治疗癌症的疗效;研究血管生成(Angiogenesis)的不懈努力也终于证明了抑制血管内皮细胞生长因子或者受体的临床疗效,从阻抗癌细胞周围血管形成的角度来延缓癌症的增长与扩散,延长患者寿命。
由于激酶的高度同源性及多样性,目前研发的小分子抗癌药物大多为多重激酶抑制剂,幸运的是与以前担心的不同,较低的激酶选择性并没有影响药物的疗效;相反,优选的多重激酶抑制剂可能更利于对抗成因复杂,形式多样的癌症,并可一药多用。
血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)是肿瘤血管生成过程中最重要的细胞生长因子,肿瘤血管对VEGF高度敏感,在很多肿瘤细胞中VEGF mRNA浓度显著地高于正常细胞,这些肿瘤包括肺癌(Mattern et al.Br.J Cancer1996,73,93,1),甲状腺癌(Viglietto et al.Oncogene1995,11,1569),乳腺癌(Brown et al.Human Pathol.1995,26,86),胃腸癌(Brown et al.Cancer Res.1993,53,4727;Suzuki et al.Cancer Res.1996,56,3004),肾癌和膀胱癌(Brown et al.Am.J Palhol.1993,143L1255),卵巢癌(Olson et al.Cancer Res.1994,54,1255),宫颈癌(Guidi et al.J Nat'l Cancer30Inst.1995,87,12137)、以及血管肉瘤(Hashimoto et al.Lab.Invest.1995,73,859)和多种颅内肿瘤(Plateet al.Nature1992,359,845;Phillips et al.Int.J Oncol.1993,2,913;Berkman et al.J Clin.Invest.,1993,91;153)。所以继贝伐单抗、舒尼替尼、索拉非尼作为血管形成抑制剂成功地应用于临床以来,研发新型血管形成抑制剂(如VEGFR-2及PDGFR-β抑制剂等)作为广谱抗癌药物已成为十分热门的领域,并已取得了新的、前景看好的临床试验结果。
发明简述
本发明涉及N-((4-氯-3-三氟甲基)苯基)-N’-((2-氟-4-(2-氨基甲酰基)-4-吡啶基氧)苯基)脲(即式1化合物)或其药学上可接受的盐或其溶剂化物在制备治疗实体瘤的药物中的用途或应用。
本发明所述的实体瘤包括肾癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、肝癌、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、甲状腺癌、膀胱癌、白血病、黑色素瘤、胃癌,结肠直肠癌、内分泌癌、急性髓样白血病(AML)、骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)、间皮癌、血管肉瘤、肾上腺皮质腺癌、子宫内膜癌及神经胶质瘤等。尤其对肾癌、肝癌、肺癌、结肠直肠癌、乳腺癌。
肿瘤在临床上有实体瘤和非实体瘤之分。实体瘤(即有形瘤):可通过临床检查如X射线摄片、CT扫描,B超、或触诊扪及到的有形肿块称实体瘤。非实体瘤:X射线、CT扫描,B超及触诊无法看到或触及的肿瘤如血液病中的白血病就属于非实体瘤。实体瘤也可称为实体癌(solid carcinoma),是癌细胞呈实体生长的一类癌症的总称。癌巢呈实体性,无腺腔样结构,异型性高,核分裂像多见。实体癌包括早期肺癌、肠癌、乳腺癌、肝癌等等。根据实质与间质的比例不同,实体癌可分为三型:①硬癌:癌细胞少而间质多,质地较硬;②单纯癌:实质与间质比例大致相等;③不典型髓样癌:实质多而间质少,质地较软,癌细胞较大,异型性明显,核分裂像常见,间质内一般无淋巴细胞浸润。
一般方法
本发明所述化合物抑制肿瘤生长的生物活性按以下方法测定。
取生长旺盛期的人肿瘤瘤组织剪切成1.5mm3左右,在无菌条件下,接种于裸小鼠右侧腋窝皮下。裸小鼠移植瘤用游标卡尺测量移植瘤直径,待肿瘤生长至100~350mm3后将动物随机分组。使用测量瘤径的方法,动态观察受试物抗肿瘤的效应。连续给药28天。
结果
人直肠癌(colo-205)移植瘤实验结果
人肾癌(786-O)移植瘤实验结果
人肺癌(A-549)移植瘤实验结果
人肝癌(HepG-2)移植瘤实验结果

Claims (2)

1.式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或其溶剂化物在制备治疗实体瘤的药物中的用途:
2.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中所述实体瘤是肾癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、肝癌、结肠癌、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、甲状腺癌、膀胱癌、白血病、黑色素瘤、胃癌、结肠直肠癌、内分泌癌、急性髓样白血病(AML)、骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)、间皮癌、血管肉瘤、肾上腺皮质腺癌、子宫内膜癌及神经胶质瘤。
CN201310300560.4A 2013-07-17 2013-07-17 芳香脲类化合物在制备治疗实体瘤药物中的用途 Pending CN104288147A (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102643229A (zh) * 2012-01-17 2012-08-22 湖南有色凯铂生物药业有限公司 N-((4-氯-3-三氟甲基)苯基)-n’-((2-氟-4-(2-氨基甲酰基)-4-吡啶基氧)苯基)脲及其作为抗癌药物的应用
CN102885814A (zh) * 2012-01-17 2013-01-23 湖南有色凯铂生物药业有限公司 一种化合物及其作为抗癌药物的应用
CN103058922A (zh) * 2012-09-06 2013-04-24 湖南有色凯铂生物药业有限公司 用于抗肿瘤药物的芳香脲的晶型及其制备方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102643229A (zh) * 2012-01-17 2012-08-22 湖南有色凯铂生物药业有限公司 N-((4-氯-3-三氟甲基)苯基)-n’-((2-氟-4-(2-氨基甲酰基)-4-吡啶基氧)苯基)脲及其作为抗癌药物的应用
CN102885814A (zh) * 2012-01-17 2013-01-23 湖南有色凯铂生物药业有限公司 一种化合物及其作为抗癌药物的应用
CN103058922A (zh) * 2012-09-06 2013-04-24 湖南有色凯铂生物药业有限公司 用于抗肿瘤药物的芳香脲的晶型及其制备方法

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