CN104283596B - A kind of 3D beam form-endowing methods and equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of 3D beam form-endowing methods and equipment, this method to include：The positional information for each user that current time slots needs service is obtained, determines the total throughout of each user relative to field angle vector α β function according to the positional information gotDetermine to make using iterative algorithmMaximum field angle vector α β_M；According to the field angle vector α β got_MAdjust the field angle for the wave beam that each access point is sent.Compared in the prior art, the mode of beam position user, the present invention more can effectively directly be suppressed into interference of the wave beam to other users, make the total throughout of system maximum.

Description

A kind of 3D beam form-endowing methods and equipment

Technical field

The present invention relates to communication technical field, more particularly to a kind of 3D beam form-endowing methods and equipment.

Background technology

Heterogeneous network is the new network structure for being different from traditional homogeneous network model.Heterogeneous network adds low-power hair Penetrate node, including micro-base station (Microcell), femto base station (Picocell), femto base station (Femtocell), relaying And remote radio node (RRH) etc. (Relay).To be compared with macrocell base stations, above-mentioned several base station small volumes, transmission power is low, Coverage is small, but is easier to dispose than macro base station.The base station covering of heterogeneous network deployment polytype is overlapping, can solve to cover The problem of covering " blind area " and " busy area ", the covering problem for solving indoor and hot zones is especially adapted for use in, can be obviously improved The capacity of system and the spectrum efficiency for improving system.

Beamforming technique is applied in smart antenna earliest, and base station dynamic adjusts the horizontal direction of downlink wave beam, makes ripple The user that Shu Zhixiang is serviced, so as to increase receiving power and reduce the interference to other users.Horizontal beam figuration can not Solve the interference problem between the user in identical horizontal direction, therefore, occur the skill for controlling wave beam angle of declination in recent years Art.Beam tilt angles are adjusted by dynamic, not only can effectively suppress the interference between the user of same radial, and effectively solve Cell Edge User receiving power is low, center of housing estate blind zone problem.With the development of technology, occur in recent years while adjust The technology of wave beam horizontal angle and angle of declination, i.e. 3D wave beam formings, 3D wave beam formings need the more information of interaction between base station, multiple Miscellaneous degree is high, and prior art is all that horizontal and vertical subregion is carried out to cell, and the corresponding fixed angle of each subregion, flexibility is not It is high.

The covering area overlapping of polytype base station in heterogeneous network, can produce a large amount of cell edge regions, on cell side The user in edge region is easily disturbed by adjacent base station.3D beamforming techniques are by the way that thinner beam position serviced User, user's receiving power can be improved and reduce the interference to other users, effectively improve signal interference ratio.In heterogeneous network There are very big potentiality to throughput hoisting using 3D beamforming techniques.If however, in cell edge, the user of neighbor cell Under close scene, directly by beam position user, stronger interference will certainly be brought, not only throughput of system is lifted Do not contribute, or even throughput degradation can be brought on the contrary.

The content of the invention

The invention provides a kind of 3D beam form-endowing methods and equipment, can preferably reduce neighbor cell in heterogeneous network Between interference, improve the handling capacity of system.

The invention provides a kind of 3D beam form-endowing methods, it is characterised in that applied in heterogeneous network, the heterogeneous network At least one macrocell includes a macro base station and at least one low power base station in network, one macro base station and at least one Low power base station forms access point group GN as access point, and each access point is one using a wave beam in a time slot Individual user service, this method include：

Obtain the positional information for each user that current time slots needs service；

Positional information according to getting determines the total throughout of each user relative to field angle vector α β functionWherein described field angle vector α β are（α₁, α₂……α_S, β₁, β₂……β_S）, wherein α_sFor representing to connect for s-th The angle projected between default trunnion axis X of straight line in the horizontal plane where the crest for the wave beam that access point is sent, β_sWith The angle of straight line and horizontal plane where the crest of wave beam that s-th access point is sent is represented, S are the number of user, R_s(α It is β) message transmission rate corresponding to s-th of user；

Determine to make using iterative algorithmMaximum field angle vector α β_M；

According to the field angle vector α β got_MAdjust the field angle for the wave beam that each access point is sent.

Preferably, the positional information that the basis is got determines the total throughout of each user relative to field angle vector α β functionSpecifically include：

Positional information according to getting determines that each access point declines relative to wave beam to the large scale of each user Angular amount α β function；

TakeTotal throughout as each user is relative to field angle vector α β function, wherein,

Belong to setFor more than 0 Integer；

Wherein, ρ_s(α, β)=[ρ_s,1(α₁,β₁),…,ρ_s,S(α_S,β_S)], ρ_s,b(α_b,β_b) for b-th of access point to s-th Field angle (the α that the large scale of user declines relative to b-th of access point_b,β_b) function, r_s=（r_s,1, r_s,2, r_s,3…… r_s,S）, wherein, as s=b, r_s,b=N；As s ≠ b, r_s,b=1, N are the number of the antenna of each access point；For ρ_s (α, β) removes the vector obtained after s-th of element,For r_sRemove the vector obtained after s-th of element.

Preferably, the positional information that the basis is got determines that each access point declines to the large scale of each user Relative to field angle vector α β function, specifically include：Each access point is calculated respectively to decline to the large scale of each user Fall the function relative to field angle vector α β, wherein,PL_s,bIt is access point b to using Family s path loss, Ψ_s,bIt is shadow fadings of the access point b to user s,It is day Line directional diagram；It is to connect user s and access point b straight line and the angle of X-axis,It is the straight of connection user s and access point b The angle of line and horizontal plane；SLL_azAnd SLL_elIt is horizontal respectively and the sidelobe level with height pattern, SLL_totIt is total side Valve level；E [A] represents to take A desired value, A_maxFor preset value.

Preferably, it is described to determine to make using iterative algorithmMaximum field angle vector α β_M, specifically include：

S1, k field angle vector is chosen, is pointing directly at and is taken comprising each access point in the k field angle vector α β Corresponding field angle vector α β during the user equipment of business；Wherein k is preset value, and comprising each in the k field angle vector α β Corresponding field angle vector during the user of service required for the antenna of individual access point is pointing directly at it；

S2, judges whether k total throughout corresponding to the k field angle vector α β restrains within a preset range, if it is not, Step S3 is turned to, if so, turning to step S4；

S3, choose other field angles vector α β beyond the k field angle vector α β and replace k field angle vector Make the minimum field angle vector α β of total throughout, and return to step S2 in α β；

S4, choosing is used as the maximum field angle vector α β of total throughout in k field angle vector α β makeMost Big field angle vector α β_M。

Preferably, described obtained using complex shape algorithm makes total throughoutMaximum field angle vector α β_MIt Afterwards, according to the field angle vector α β got_MBefore the field angle for adjusting the wave beam that each access point is sent, methods described Also include：

Change field angle vector α β in the range of positive and negative T ° according to default step-length_MIn any one angle value, and It is corresponding to change field angle vector α β when changing any one described angle value each time_MIn other angles value, make grand The total throughout of base station and low power base station takes maximum, and the T is preset value；

Judge the maximum and field angle vector α β of the total throughout after any one described angle value is changed each time_MIt is right Whether the ratio for the total throughout answered is more than preset value, and when being judged as YES, this time is changed into any one described angle value Total throughout is set to take the field angle vector of maximum to add set to be selected afterwards；

Selection makes the field angle vector α β of AF panel SLNR maximums between macro base station from set to be selected_m；

It is described according to the field angle vector α β_MThe field angle for the wave beam that each access point is sent is adjusted, is specifically included：

According to the field angle vector α β_mAdjust the macro base station and the field angle of the low power base station.

The invention provides a kind of 3D wave beam formings equipment, is applied to as macro base station in heterogeneous network, the equipment includes：

Position information acquisition module, obtain the positional information for each user that current time slots needs service；

Calling module, determine the total throughout of each user relative to field angle vector α β according to the positional information got FunctionWherein described field angle vector α β are（α₁, α₂……α_S, β₁, β₂……β_S）, wherein α_sFor representing the The angle projected between default trunnion axis X of straight line in the horizontal plane where the crest for the wave beam that s access point is sent, β_sThe angle of straight line and horizontal plane where the crest of the wave beam sent for representing s-th access point, S are the number of user, R_s (α β) is message transmission rate corresponding to s-th of user；

Computing module, determine to make using iterative algorithmMaximum field angle vector α β_M；

Adjusting module, for according to the field angle vector α β got_MAdjust the wave beam for the wave beam that each access point is sent Angle.

Preferably, the calling module, specifically for determining each access point to each according to the positional information that gets The large scale decline of individual user takes relative to field angle vector α β functionAs The total throughout of each user relative to field angle vector α β function, wherein,

Belong to set N is big In 0 integer；

Wherein, ρ_s(α, β)=[ρ_s,1(α₁,β₁),…,ρ_s,S(α_S,β_S)], ρ_s,b(α_b,β_b) for b-th of access point to s-th Field angle (the α that the large scale of user declines relative to b-th of access point_b,β_b) function, r_s=（r_s,1, r_s,2, r_s,3…… r_s,S）, wherein, as s=b, r_s,b=N；As s ≠ b, r_s,b=1, N are the number of the antenna of each access point；For ρ_s (α, β) removes the vector obtained after s-th of element,For r_sRemove the vector obtained after s-th of element

Preferably, the calling module, specifically for calculating each access point respectively to the large scale of each user The function to decline relative to field angle vector α β, whereinPL_s,bIt is that access point b is arrived User s path loss, Ψ_s,bIt is shadow fadings of the access point b to user s,It is day Line directional diagram；It is to connect user s and access point b straight line and the angle of X-axis,It is the straight of connection user s and access point b The angle of line and horizontal plane；SLL_azAnd SLL_elIt is horizontal respectively and the sidelobe level with height pattern, SLL_totIt is total side Valve level；E [A] represents to take A desired value, A_maxFor preset value.

Preferably, the computing module, specifically for performing following steps：

S1, k field angle vector is chosen, wherein k is preset value, and is connect in the k field angle vector α β comprising each Corresponding field angle vector during the user of service required for the antenna of access point is pointing directly at it；

S2, judges whether k total throughout corresponding to the k field angle vector α β restrains within a preset range, if it is not, Step S3 is turned to, if so, turning to step S4；

S3, choose other field angles vector α β beyond the k field angle vector α β and replace k field angle vector Make the minimum field angle vector α β of total throughout, and return to step S2 in α β；

S4, choosing is used as the maximum field angle vector α β of total throughout in k field angle vector α β makeMost Big field angle vector α β_M。

Preferably, the equipment also includes：

Module is finely tuned, for performing the following steps：

Change field angle vector α β in the range of positive and negative T ° according to default step-length_MIn correspond to macro base station any one Angle value, and when changing one angle value of the meaning each time, it is corresponding to change field angle vector α β_MIn other angles take Value, makes macro base station and the total throughout of low power base station take maximum, the T is preset value；

Judge the maximum and field angle vector α β of the total throughout after any one described angle value is changed each time_MIt is right Whether the ratio for the total throughout answered is more than preset value, and when being judged as YES, this time is changed into any one described angle value Total throughout is set to take the field angle vector of maximum to add set to be selected afterwards；

Selection makes the field angle vector α β of AF panel SLNR maximums between macro base station from set to be selected_m；

The adjusting module, specifically for according to the field angle vector α β_mAdjust the wave beam that each access point is sent Field angle.

In the present invention, the positional information for each user that current time slots needs service is obtained, is believed according to the position got Breath determines the total throughout of each user relative to field angle vector α β functionWherein described field angle vector α β is（α₁, α₂……α_S, β₁, β₂……β_S）, wherein α_sIt is straight where the crest of the wave beam sent for representing s-th of access point Angle between line and default trunnion axis X, β_sStraight line where the crest of the wave beam sent for representing s-th access point with The angle of horizontal plane, S be user number, R_s(α β) is message transmission rate corresponding to s-th of user；It is true using iterative algorithm Surely makeMaximum field angle vector α β_M；According to the field angle vector α β got_MAdjust what each access point was sent The field angle of wave beam.Compared in the prior art, directly the mode of beam position user, the present invention more can effectively be pressed down Interference of the wave beam processed to other users, make the total throughout of system maximum.Simultaneously in the present invention, make to each access point in GN The calculating of field angle, which is unified on the macro base station of the GN, to be performed, and each macro base station calculates itself place GN field angle respectively, While effectively suppressing to disturb in GN, it is thus also avoided that calculate being operated in for the field angle in each GN and held with an equipment OK, the work load of single device is reduced.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of 3D beam form-endowing methods provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the flow signal that field angle vector is calculated in a kind of 3D beam form-endowing methods provided in an embodiment of the present invention Figure；

A kind of Fig. 3 part schematic flow sheets of 3D beam form-endowing methods provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

A kind of Fig. 4 structural representations of 3D wave beam formings equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the embodiment of the present invention is further described.Following examples are only For clearly illustrating technical scheme, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.

The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of 3D beam form-endowing methods, applied in heterogeneous network system, the heterogeneous network In include a macro base station and at least one low power base station, as shown in figure 1, this method includes：

Step 101, the positional information for each user that current time slots needs service is obtained.

In practical application, obtain the mode for the positional information of each user that current time slots need to service have it is multiple, such as One way in which is：In each GN, LPN is connected by feeder line with MBS, customer position information from his service node to MBS is reported.

Step 102, determined the total throughout of each user relative to field angle vector α β according to the positional information got FunctionWherein described field angle vector α β are（α₁, α₂……α_S, β₁, β₂……β_S）, wherein α_sFor representing the The angle between straight line and default trunnion axis X where the crest for the wave beam that s access point is sent, β_sFor representing s-th Access point send wave beam crest where straight line and horizontal plane angle, S be user number, R_s(α β) is s-th of use Message transmission rate corresponding to family；

Step 103, determine to make using iterative algorithmMaximum field angle vector α β_M。

Step 104, according to the field angle vector α β got_MAdjust the field angle for the wave beam that each access point is sent.

In the embodiment of the present invention, function of the total throughout relative to field angle vector α β is predefined And make total throughout using complex shape algorithm picksMaximum field angle vector α β adjust what each access point was sent The field angle of wave beam.Compared to directly the mode of beam position user, the present invention more can effectively be pressed down in the prior art Interference of the wave beam processed to other users, make the total throughout of system maximum.

Preferably, above-mentioned steps 102 specifically include：

Positional information according to getting determines that each access point declines relative to wave beam to the large scale of each user Angular amount α β function；

TakeTotal throughout as each user is relative to field angle vector α β function；Wherein,

Belong to setN is more than 0 Integer；

Wherein, ρ_s(α, β)=[ρ_s,1(α₁,β₁),…,ρ_s,S(α_S,β_S)], ρ_s,b(α_b,β_b) for b-th of access point to s-th Field angle (the α that the large scale of user declines relative to b-th of access point_b,β_b) function, r_s=（r_s,1, r_s,2, r_s,3…… r_s,S）, wherein, as s=b, r_s,b=N；As s ≠ b, r_s,b=1, N are the number of the antenna of each access point；For ρ_s (α, β) removes the vector obtained after s-th of element,For r_sRemove the vector obtained after s-th of element.In this way, The complexity for calculating field angle vector α β can be reduced.

Specifically, assumeIt is the channel matrix between base station b and user s, characterizes multipath fading.Assuming that Channel is uncorrelated Ruili fading channel, soIt is independent identically distributed, and belongs to CN (0,1).x_b∈□^N×1It is base Stand b transmission signal, power limit isx_bIt can be write as x_s=f_sd_s。f_sIt is that normalization beam is assigned Shape vector, i.e., for s-th of user, f_s=h_s,s/|h_s,s|。d_sRepresent user s reception data symbol.As known from the above,It is 1/2 to obey zoom factor, and the free degree is 2N chi square distribution, i.e.,InterferenceObey zoom factor For 1/2, the free degree is 2 chi square distribution, i.e.,Wherein,Represent chi square distribution of the free degree as n.n_sCN (0,1) are to use The normalization additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) that family s is subject to.

It is hereby achieved that the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio of user is

Wherein α=[α₁,…,α_S], β=[β₁,…,β_S] represent the horizontal angle and angle of declination of each base station beam, i.e., it is each Angle and place between the projection in the horizontal plane of straight line where the crest of the wave beam of transmission and default trunnion axis X it is straight The angle of line and horizontal plane.According to Shannon's theorems, user's mean data rate is

R_s(α, β)=Ε [log₂(1+SINR_s(α,β))] （2）

Will（2）Substitute into（1）

Lemma：Assuming that X_mIt is the stochastic variable of a chi square distribution, free degree 2r_m＞ 0, X are X_mSummation, i.e.,Make μ=[μ₁,…,μ_M], r=[r₁,…,r_M], then for f (μ, r)=Ε [log₂(1+X)], we It can obtain

Wherein

I=[i₁,i₂,…,i_M] belong to set omega_t,l

Make r_s=1_s+(N_t-1)e_s, ρ_s(α, β)=[ρ_s,1(α₁,β₁),…,ρ_s,S(α_S,β_S)], obtained by lemma

Then

Preferably, the positional information that the basis is got determines that each access point declines to the large scale of each user Relative to field angle vector α β function, specifically include：Each access point is calculated respectively to decline to the large scale of each user Fall the function relative to field angle vector α βPL_s,bIt is access point b to user s Path loss, Ψ_s,bIt is shadow fadings of the access point b to user s,It is day Line directional diagram；B is to connect user s and access point b straight line and the angle of X-axis,It is the straight of connection user s and access point b The angle of line and horizontal plane；SLL_azAnd SLL_elIt is horizontal respectively and the sidelobe level with height pattern, SLL_totIt is total side Valve level；E [A] represents to take A desired value, A_maxFor preset value.

Preferably, above-mentioned steps 103 can specifically include, each step as shown in Figure 2：

Step 201：The dimension k of mapping-factor λ and complex shape is set, makes α β₀For a starting point, by feasible zone It is random to take an other k-1 starting point of determination and calculate the object function at every place（Total throughout function）Value.Here dimension k It can be preset value.

Preferable k=2S, mapping-factor λ are preset value, α β₀Represent that the crest of wave beam is pointing directly at use by each access point Corresponding field angle vector during the equipment of family.In actual applications, corresponding ripple when the crest of wave beam being pointing directly at into user equipment Although the not necessarily maximum, an and higher value of total throughout corresponding to beam angle vector.In this way, Neng Goubao Total throughout in card network is pointing directly at corresponding handling capacity during user equipment not less than the crest of wave beam.

Step 202：Mapping-factor λ is adjusted, it is determined that most not good enough α β_W, i.e., here most almost refer to that object function is minimum Point, according to formula（7）Calculate central point α β_C；

Step 203：According to formula（8）Calculate α β_R, with α β_RInstead of most almost forming new complex shape.

αβ_R=α β_C+λ(αβ_C-αβ_W) （8）

Step 204, α β are judged_RWhether it is most not good enough, if not, step 206 is gone to, if it is, turning to step 205.

Step 205, λ is reduced into half, rear steering step 203.

Step 206, all k points are judged all in several space cells, if it is not, step 202 is then turned to, if then turning To step 207.

Step 207, take k vector in make object function take maximum vector as make handling capacity maximum wave beam it is angular Amount.

It is pointed out that above-mentioned step 201-207 is only to a kind of preferable real of step 103 of the embodiment of the present invention Mode is applied, in practical application, it may occur to persons skilled in the art which kind of algorithm various other iterative algorithms, specifically choose not The protection domain of the application should be fallen into.

Preferably, after step 103, before step 104,3D beam form-endowing methods provided in an embodiment of the present invention may be used also With including following steps 301-303 as shown in Figure 3：

Step 301, field angle vector α β are changed in the range of positive and negative T ° according to default step-length_MIn correspond to macro base station Any one angle value, it is corresponding to change field angle vector α β and when changing any one described angle value each time_MIn The value of other angles, macro base station and the total throughout of low power base station is set to take maximum, the T is preset value.

Step 302, the maximum and field angle of the total throughout after any one described angle value is changed each time are judged Vectorial α β_MWhether the ratio of corresponding total throughout is more than preset value, and when being judged as YES, this time is changed described any one Total throughout is set to take the field angle vector of maximum to add set to be selected after individual angle value.

Step 303, selection makes the field angle vector α β of AF panel SLNR maximums between macro base station from set to be selected_m。

Specifically, in practical application, each user is divided into Cell Center User or Cell Edge User, if one MBS user is Cell Center User, then farther out, MBS wave beam will not be made its user distance with adjacent GN to adjacent GN user Into serious interference, so without AF panel between GN；If a MBS user is edge customer, may cause serious Disturbed between GN, then according to AF panel between maximum SLNR principles progress GN.The studied base station number of order is 1, and adjacent GN is shared Q-1 edge customer, numbering are 2 to arrive Q, and the signal of leakage can be write as

Then SLNR is

AF panel problem to be solved is adjustment 3D wave beam forming angles between GN, makes SLNR maximum, i.e.,

To ensure convergence, the excursion for making vectorial α β each element is positive and negative 5 °, with what is obtained in a) Angle is starting point, α fixed first₁（Assuming that two angle values are α 1, β 1 corresponding to macro base station）, with 0.5 ° for step-length, reduce β₁, for some α₁,β₁, the 3D wave beam forming angles of LPN in GN are adjusted in the range of positive and negative 5 °, obtaining α β makes GN handling capacities Maximize, if this α β is put into Candidate Set Δ by throughput degradation not less than original 5%, once reaching border limitation, stop The only search in this direction, change direction, that is, increase β₁, Candidate Set element is found in the same way.Then with same step It is long to change α₁, fixed α₁, to β₁Same search is done, until it is determined that Candidate Set Δ.

In order to using conclusion in a)（4）, will（10）It is written as form,

Due to function y=log₂(1+x) is x monotonically increasing function, so SLNR when RSLNR takes maximum Get maximum.RSLNR can further be write as

Using（4）, and define r₁=1₁+(N-1)e₁, ρ₁(α, β)=[P₁ρ_1,1(α,β),…,P₁ρ_Q,1(α, β)] it can obtain Arrive

Institute in the hope of（11）It is equivalent to solve

Using the method for exhaustion, the angle [alpha] β for making RSLNR maximum is found in Candidate Set Δ₁, each access points of as GN it is optimal Angle.Each GN finds the optimal corner of oneself parallel in the same way, it is possible thereby to calculate 7 GN in center total throughout.This In it should be noted that because 7, center GN is simultaneously by disturbing between GN and in GN, so 7, research center GN have it is pervasive Property.Need to consider interference of the LPN to user in adjacent GN when total throughout is calculated in addition.

On the basis of step 301- steps 303, step 104 is specially：According to the field angle vector α β_mAdjust each The field angle for the wave beam that access point is sent.

Based on above-mentioned steps 301-303, the embodiment of the present invention also takes into full account neighbor cell when carrying out wave beam forming Influence of the macro base station to each user in cell, in this way, the interference between macro base station can be suppressed.

In technical scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the summation of the user throughput by calculating each being serviced, adjust The field angle of whole each access point, compared to directly by the mode of beam to user equipment, can obtaining in the prior art Bigger handling capacity.Simultaneously in the embodiment of the present invention, the meter of the summation for the user throughput for estimating each being serviced is additionally provided Calculation mode, the complexity of calculating is simplified, adjust the size of field angle always according to the interference between macrocell in addition, further drop The interference that low user receives, improves handling capacity.

To be conceived based on identical, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of 3D wave beam formings equipment, as shown in figure 4, including：

Position information acquisition module 401, obtain the positional information for each user that current time slots needs service；

Calling module 402, determine that the total throughout of each user is angular relative to wave beam according to the positional information got Measure α β functionWherein described field angle vector α β are（α₁, α₂……α_S, β₁, β₂……β_S）, wherein α_sFor Represent between the projection in the horizontal plane of straight line where the crest for the wave beam that s-th access point is sent and default trunnion axis X Angle, β_sThe angle of straight line and horizontal plane where the crest of the wave beam sent for representing s-th of access point, S is user Number, R_s(α β) is message transmission rate corresponding to s-th of user；

Computing module 403, determine to make using iterative algorithmMaximum field angle vector α β_M；

Adjusting module 404, for according to the field angle vector α β got_MAdjust the ripple for the wave beam that each access point is sent Beam angle.

Preferably, calling module 402, specifically for according to the positional information that gets determine each access point to each The large scale decline of user takes relative to field angle vector α β functionAs each The total throughout of individual user relative to field angle vector α β function, wherein,

Belong to set N is more than 0 Integer；

Wherein, ρ_s(α, β)=[ρ_s,1(α₁,β₁),…,ρ_s,S(α_S,β_S)], ρ_s,b(α_b,β_b) for b-th of access point to s-th Field angle (the α that the large scale of user declines relative to b-th of access point_b,β_b) function, r_s=（r_s,1, r_s,2, r_s,3…… r_s,S）, wherein, as s=b, r_s,b=N；As s ≠ b, r_s,b=1, N are the number of the antenna of each access point；For ρ_s (α, β) removes the vector obtained after s-th of element,For r_sRemove the vector obtained after s-th of element.

Preferably, calling module 402, it is specifically used for：Each access point is calculated respectively to the large scale of each user The function to decline relative to field angle vector α βPL_s,bIt is access point b to user S path loss, Ψ_s,bIt is shadow fadings of the access point b to user s,It is day Line directional diagram；It is to connect user s and access point b straight line and the angle of X-axis,It is the straight of connection user s and access point b The angle of line and horizontal plane；SLL_azAnd SLL_elIt is horizontal respectively and the sidelobe level with height pattern, SLL_totIt is total side Valve level；E [A] represents to take A desired value, A_maxFor preset value.

Preferably, computing module 403, specifically for performing following steps：

S1, k field angle vector is chosen, wherein k is preset value, and is connect in the k field angle vector α β comprising each Corresponding field angle vector during the user of service required for the antenna of access point is pointing directly at it；

S2, judges whether k total throughout corresponding to the k field angle vector α β restrains within a preset range, if it is not, Step S3 is turned to, if so, turning to step S4；

S3, choose other field angles vector α β beyond the k field angle vector α β and replace k field angle vector Make the minimum field angle vector α β of total throughout, and return to step S2 in α β；

S4, choosing is used as the maximum field angle vector α β of total throughout in k field angle vector α β makeMost Big field angle vector α β_M。

Preferably, the equipment also includes：

Module 405 is finely tuned, for performing the following steps：

Change field angle vector α β in the range of positive and negative T ° according to default step-length_MIn correspond to macro base station any one Angle value, and when changing any one described angle value each time, it is corresponding to change field angle vector α β_MIn other angles Value, macro base station and the total throughout of low power base station is set to take maximum, the T is preset value；

Judge the maximum and field angle vector α β of the total throughout after any one described angle value is changed each time_MIt is right Whether the ratio for the total throughout answered is more than preset value, and when being judged as YES, this time is changed into any one described angle value Total throughout is set to take the field angle vector of maximum to add set to be selected afterwards；

Selection makes the field angle vector α β of AF panel SLNR maximums between macro base station from set to be selected_m；

Adjusting module 404, specifically for according to the field angle vector α β_mAdjust the ripple for the wave beam that each access point is sent Beam angle.

Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of 3D beam form-endowing methods, it is characterised in that at least one grand in the heterogeneous network applied in heterogeneous network Cell includes a macro base station and at least one low power base station, and one macro base station and at least one low power base station are made Access point group GN is formed for access point, each access point is a user service using a wave beam in a time slot, should Method includes：

Obtain the positional information for each user that current time slots needs service；

Positional information according to getting determines the total throughout of each user relative to field angle vector α β functionWherein described field angle vector α β are (α₁, α₂……α_S, β₁, β₂……β_S), wherein α_sFor representing to connect for s-th The angle projected between default trunnion axis X of straight line in the horizontal plane where the crest for the wave beam that access point is sent, β_sWith The angle of straight line and horizontal plane where the crest of wave beam that s-th access point is sent is represented, S are the number of user, R_s(α It is β) message transmission rate corresponding to s-th of user；

Determine to make using iterative algorithmMaximum field angle vector α β_M；

According to the field angle vector α β got_MAdjust the field angle for the wave beam that each access point is sent；

It is described to determine to make using iterative algorithmMaximum field angle vector α β_M, specifically include：

S1, k field angle vector is chosen, wherein k is preset value, and includes each access point in the k field angle vector α β Antenna be pointing directly at corresponding field angle vector during the user of service required for it；

S2, judges whether k total throughout corresponding to the k field angle vector α β restrains within a preset range, if it is not, turning to Step S3, if so, turning to step S4；

S3, choose other field angles vector α β beyond the k field angle vector α β and replace in the k field angle vector α β Make the minimum field angle vector α β of total throughout, and return to step S2；

S4, choosing is used as the maximum field angle vector α β of total throughout in k field angle vector α β makeMaximum Field angle vector α β_M；

Described obtained using iterative algorithm makes total throughoutMaximum field angle vector α β_MAfterwards, obtained according to described The field angle vector α β got_MBefore the field angle for adjusting the wave beam that each access point is sent, methods described also includes：

Change field angle vector α β in the range of positive and negative T ° according to default step-length_MIn correspond to macro base station any one angle Value, and when changing any one described angle value each time, it is corresponding to change field angle vector α β_MIn other angles take Value, makes macro base station and the total throughout of low power base station take maximum, the T is preset value；

Judge the maximum and field angle vector α β of the total throughout after any one described angle value is changed each time_MIt is corresponding Whether the ratio of total throughout is more than preset value, and when being judged as YES, makes after this time is changed into any one described angle value Total throughout takes the field angle vector of maximum to add set to be selected；

Signal reveals the noise field angle vector α β more maximum than SLNR between selection makes macro base station from set to be selected_m；

It is described according to the field angle vector α β_MThe field angle for the wave beam that each access point is sent is adjusted, is specifically included：

According to the field angle vector α β_mAdjust the field angle for the wave beam that each access point is sent.

2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the positional information that the basis is got determines each user's Total throughout relative to field angle vector α β functionSpecifically include：

Positional information according to getting determines that the large scale decline of each access point to each user are angular relative to wave beam Measure α β function；

TakeTotal throughout as each user is relative to field angle vector α β's Function；Wherein,

<mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&amp;mu;</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>log</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>e</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <munderover> <mi>&amp;Pi;</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>M</mi> </munderover> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>&amp;mu;</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <munderover> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>M</mi> </munderover> <munderover> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> </munderover> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msup> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;mu;</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mrow> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>l</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>&amp;Psi;</mi> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&amp;mu;</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>/</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;mu;</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <munderover> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </munderover> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msub> <mi>&amp;mu;</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>

I=[i₁,i₂,…,i_M] belong to set omega_t,l,N is the integer more than 0, and M is vectorial i length；

Wherein, ρ_s(α, β)=[ρ_s,1(α₁,β₁),…,ρ_s,S(α_S,β_S)], ρ_s,b(α_b,β_b) for b-th access point to s-th of user Large scale decline relative to b-th of access point field angle (α_b,β_b) function, r_s=(r_s,1, r_s,2, r_s,3……r_s,S), its In, as s=b, r_s,b=N；As s ≠ b, r_s,b=1, N are the number of the antenna of each access point；For ρ_s(α,β) Remove the vector obtained after s-th of element,For r_sRemove the vector obtained after s-th of element.

3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the positional information that the basis is got determines each access point The function to be declined to the large scale of each user relative to field angle vector α β, is specifically included：Each access is calculated respectively The function that point declines relative to field angle vector α β to the large scale of each user, whereinPL_s,bIt is path losses of the access point b to user s, Ψ_s,bIt is access point b to user s Shadow fading,

<mrow> <msubsup> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <mi>b</mi> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;alpha;</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;beta;</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mn>12</mn> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;phi;</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;alpha;</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> </mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;phi;</mi> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mi>d</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>SLL</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mn>12</mn> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;beta;</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> </mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mi>d</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>SLL</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>SLL</mi> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>

It is antenna radiation pattern；It is to connect user s and access point b straight line and the angle of X-axis,It is connection user s and access point B straight line and the angle of horizontal plane；SLL_azAnd SLL_elIt is the sidelobe level of both horizontally and vertically figure respectively, SLL_totIt is total Sidelobe level；E [A] represents to take A desired value, A_maxFor preset value, φ_3dBFor the half power lobe width of vertical direction, θ_3dBFor The half power lobe width of horizontal direction.

4. a kind of 3D wave beam formings equipment, it is characterised in that be applied to as macro base station in heterogeneous network, the equipment includes：

Position information acquisition module, obtain the positional information for each user that current time slots needs service；

Calling module, determine the total throughout of each user relative to field angle vector α β letter according to the positional information got NumberWherein described field angle vector α β are (α₁, α₂……α_S, β₁, β₂……β_S), wherein α_sFor representing s-th The angle projected between default trunnion axis X of straight line in the horizontal plane where the crest for the wave beam that access point is sent, β_s The angle of straight line and horizontal plane where the crest of the wave beam sent for representing s-th access point, S are the number of user, R_s (α β) is message transmission rate corresponding to s-th of user；

Computing module, determine to make using iterative algorithmMaximum field angle vector α β_M；

Adjusting module, for according to the field angle vector α β got_MAdjust the field angle for the wave beam that each access point is sent；

The computing module, specifically for performing following steps：

S1, k field angle vector is chosen, wherein k is preset value, and includes each access point in the k field angle vector α β Antenna be pointing directly at corresponding field angle vector during the user of service required for it；

S2, judges whether k total throughout corresponding to the k field angle vector α β restrains within a preset range, if it is not, turning to Step S3, if so, turning to step S4；

S3, choose other field angles vector α β beyond the k field angle vector α β and replace in the k field angle vector α β Make the minimum field angle vector α β of total throughout, and return to step S2；

S4, choosing is used as the maximum field angle vector α β of total throughout in k field angle vector α β makeMaximum Field angle vector α β_M；

Module is finely tuned, for performing the following steps：

Change field angle vector α β in the range of positive and negative T ° according to default step-length_MIn correspond to macro base station any one angle Value, and when changing one angle value of the meaning each time, it is corresponding to change field angle vector α β_MIn other angles value, Macro base station and the total throughout of low power base station is set to take maximum, the T is preset value；

Judge the maximum and field angle vector α β of the total throughout after any one described angle value is changed each time_MIt is corresponding Whether the ratio of total throughout is more than preset value, and when being judged as YES, makes after this time is changed into any one described angle value Total throughout takes the field angle vector of maximum to add set to be selected；

Selection makes the field angle vector α β of AF panel SLNR maximums between macro base station from set to be selected_m；

The adjusting module, specifically for according to the field angle vector α β_mAdjust the wave beam for the wave beam that each access point is sent Angle.

5. equipment as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that

The calling module, specifically for determining each access point to the big chi of each user according to the positional information got Degree decline takes relative to field angle vector α β functionAs the total of each user Handling capacity relative to field angle vector α β function, wherein,

<mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&amp;mu;</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>log</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>e</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <munderover> <mi>&amp;Pi;</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>M</mi> </munderover> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <msup> <msub> <mi>&amp;mu;</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <munderover> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mi>M</mi> </munderover> <munderover> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>l</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> </munderover> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msup> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;mu;</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mrow> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>l</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <msub> <mi>&amp;Psi;</mi> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&amp;mu;</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>e</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>/</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;mu;</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msup> <munderover> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>r</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </munderover> <msub> <mi>E</mi> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <msub> <mi>&amp;mu;</mi> <mi>t</mi> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>

I=[i₁,i₂,…,i_M] belong to set Ω_t,l,N is the integer more than 0, and M is vectorial i's Length；

Wherein, ρ_s(α, β)=[ρ_s,1(α₁,β₁),…,ρ_s,S(α_S,β_S)], ρ_s,b(α_b,β_b) for b-th access point to s-th of user Large scale decline relative to b-th of access point field angle (α_b,β_b) function, r_s=(r_s,1, r_s,2, r_s,3……r_s,S), its In, as s=b, r_s,b=N；As s ≠ b, r_s,b=1, N are the number of the antenna of each access point；For ρ_s(α,β) Remove the vector obtained after s-th of element,For r_sRemove the vector obtained after s-th of element.

6. equipment as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the calling module, calculate each access point respectively to often The function that the large scale of one user declines relative to field angle vector α β, wherein PL_s,bIt is path losses of the access point b to user s, Ψ_s,bIt is shadow fadings of the access point b to user s,

<mrow> <msubsup> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> <mi>b</mi> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;alpha;</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;beta;</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mn>12</mn> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;phi;</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;alpha;</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> </mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;phi;</mi> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mi>d</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>SLL</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mi>z</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mn>12</mn> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> <mi>s</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msubsup> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;beta;</mi> <mi>b</mi> </msub> </mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mi>d</mi> <mi>B</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>SLL</mi> <mrow> <mi>e</mi> <mi>l</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>SLL</mi> <mrow> <mi>t</mi> <mi>o</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>

It is antenna radiation pattern；It is to connect user s and access point b straight line and the angle of X-axis,It is connection user s and access point B straight line and the angle of horizontal plane；SLL_azAnd SLL_elIt is the sidelobe level of both horizontally and vertically figure respectively, SLL_totIt is total Sidelobe level；E [A] represents to take A desired value, A_maxFor preset value, φ_3dBFor the half power lobe width of vertical direction, θ_3dBFor The half power lobe width of horizontal direction.