CN104282808B - A kind of ultraviolet LED extension active area structure growing method - Google Patents

A kind of ultraviolet LED extension active area structure growing method Download PDF

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CN104282808B
CN104282808B CN201410524927.5A CN201410524927A CN104282808B CN 104282808 B CN104282808 B CN 104282808B CN 201410524927 A CN201410524927 A CN 201410524927A CN 104282808 B CN104282808 B CN 104282808B
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layer
growth
barrier layer
ultraviolet led
active area
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CN104282808A (en
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王晓波
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XI'AN SHENGUANG HAORUI PHOTOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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XI'AN SHENGUANG HAORUI PHOTOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/005Processes
    • H01L33/0062Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds
    • H01L33/0075Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds comprising nitride compounds
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/02Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
    • H01L33/14Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a carrier transport control structure, e.g. highly-doped semiconductor layer or current-blocking structure
    • H01L33/145Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a carrier transport control structure, e.g. highly-doped semiconductor layer or current-blocking structure with a current-blocking structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2933/00Details relating to devices covered by the group H01L33/00 but not provided for in its subgroups
    • H01L2933/0008Processes

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Led Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention proposes a kind of epitaxial structures growth method of new growth ultraviolet LED active area, and MQW barrier layer is grown in a particular manner, and the radioluminescence of ultraviolet light can be finally better achieved, and lifts the light efficiency of ultraviolet LED.The method is in growth several cycles AlxGa1‑xN/AlyGa1‑yDuring N SQW barrier layer, barrier layer AlyGa1‑yThe aluminium component incremental variations of N are (individually for each barrier layer itself, Al content keeps constant in its growth course), so that just starting electronics crosses barrier energy reduction, electric current uniform expansion after enhanced potential barrier later, reduce voltage, the restriction effect of electronics is lifted simultaneously, while hole can extend to central active area well in injection process, so as to lift the overall luminous efficiency of ultraviolet LED.

Description

A kind of ultraviolet LED extension active area structure growing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to semiconductor photoelectronic device preparing technical field, and in particular to a kind of purple LED extension active area Structure growth approach.
Background technology
As the development that LED is applied, the market demand of purple LED are increasing, emission wavelength covers the purple of 210-400nm Outer LED, with the incomparable advantage of traditional UV sources.Illuminating, biologic medical, authentication, air, purification of water quality, All alternative ultraviolet mercury lamp of the tradition containing poisonous and harmful substance of the aspects such as biochemistry detection, high density information storage, current purple LED Growth is due to the difficulty influence that limited in itself by growth material and adulterated, and luminous efficiency is generally relatively low.How luminous effect is lifted Rate, is the emphasis of current ultraviolet LED extension.It was found that the Al constituent contents of each barrier layer of traditional material active area MQW Generally all identical, the present invention is to generate the thinking of the light efficiency for lifting ultraviolet LED and be optimized from this respect to analyze and real Test.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of epitaxial structures growth method of new growth ultraviolet LED active area, gives birth in a particular manner MQW barrier layer long, can finally be better achieved the radioluminescence of ultraviolet light, lift the light efficiency of ultraviolet LED.
Basic scheme of the invention is as follows:
Ultraviolet LED extension active area structure growing method, wherein growing several cycles AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN quantum The link of trap barrier layer is used as active area, y>X, wherein AlxGa1-xN is used as well layer, AlyGa1-yN is used as barrier layer;Its special character exists In:Barrier layer AlyGa1-yThe Al components of N are incremented by change in active region growth process, i.e., y values start from a b finally, 1>b>a>x>0 (individually for each barrier layer itself, Al content keeps constant in its growth course).
Depending on the specific wavelength to be grown, in theory according to the solution of the present invention, x is in 0~1 scope for numerical value selected by x Interior value can obtain the ultraviolet LED of more specular removal.
Based on above-mentioned basic scheme, the present invention also further does following optimization and limits:
The span of a is the 1/3~1/2 of b.I.e.:The incremental width scope of y values as low as since the 1/2 of b until b, greatly To since the 1/3 of b, until b, within such span scope, final effect is more preferably.
Above-mentioned incremental variations are specially consecutive variations, graded or mixing graded.Wherein with consecutive variations most Most preferably.
Accordingly, the present invention is it is also proposed that a kind of ultraviolet LED epitaxial growth method, comprises the following steps:
One layer of low temperature AI N of Grown on Sapphire Substrates;
One layer of high-temperature AlN of growth;
Grow several cycles AlN/AlGaN super lattice structure layers;
One layer of N-shaped AlGaN layer of doping silane of growth;
According to above-mentioned ultraviolet LED extension active area structure growing method, several cycles Al is grownxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN SQW barrier layer;
One layer of magnesium-doped p-type AlGaN barrier layer of growth;
One layer of magnesium-doped p-type GaN contact layer of growth;
Annealed under nitrogen atmosphere.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
Present invention barrier layer Al during active region growthyGa1-yThe aluminium component incremental variations of N, barrier layer AlyGa1-yN(y>x> 0) Al change of component adopts to grow in this way can both prevent the excessively excessive of electronics, can also strengthen electronics SQW point Cloth so that just start electronics and cross barrier energy reduction, electric current uniform expansion after enhanced potential barrier later, reduces voltage, together The restriction effect of Shi Tisheng electronics, while hole can extend to central active area well in injection process, so as to lift purple Outer LED overall luminous efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the extension overall structure diagram of ultraviolet LED of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention, as growth substrate, carries out heteroepitaxial growth, with MOCVD (metallorganics using sapphire Learn vapour deposition) technology completes whole epitaxial process.One layer of low temperature AI N is grown on a sapphire substrate, then high temperature life again One layer of AlN is grown, then the several cycle AlN/AlGaN super lattice structure layers of regrowth, then one layer of N-shaped of doping silane of regrowth AlGaN layer, then grows one layer of several cycle AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN(y>X) SQW builds area, wherein AlxGa1-xN conducts Well layer, AlyGa1-yN is used as barrier layer.Then one layer of Al component magnesium-doped p-type AlGaN barrier layers higher are grown, one is then grown The very thin magnesium-doped p-type GaN contact layers of layer.
Wherein, the Al of cycle growthxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN(y>X) in the area of SQW base, barrier layer AlyGa1-yN(y>x>0) Al components be in growth course change, i.e., y values start from a b finally, b>a>x>0.Change procedure from a to b can be divided into Consecutive variations, graded, the mixing class of graded three.
Consecutive variations refer to a consecutive variations of each barrier layer Al constituent content y values from beginning during active region growth To the b for terminating.I.e. individually for each barrier layer itself, Al content keeps constant, shape between different barrier layer in its growth course Into gradual change, such as barrier layer 1, barrier layer 2, barrier layer 3, its y value is respectively a1, a2, a3, wherein a1<a2<a3.
Graded refers to that during active region growth, each barrier layer Al constituent content y values are passed from a stageds for starting Increase to the b of end.For example:Preceding several barrier layer keep constant with y=a, and rear several barrier layer keep constant with y=b;Can also be thin again It is divided into three-level, level Four ladder etc..
Mixing graded refers to during active region growth, y values consecutive variations both in the presence of certain several barrier layer or to deposit In the y value gradeds of certain several barrier layer.For example:Preceding several barrier layer keep constant with y=a, and rear several barrier layer y values continuously become big To b;Three phases can also be divided into, the several barrier layer of first stage keep constant, the several barrier layer y values of second stage with y=a Continuous to become big to certain value in the middle of a, b, the several barrier layer of three phases keep constant with y=b.In this way, mixing graded There can be various concrete forms.
The present invention can use metallo-organic compound chemical gaseous phase deposition (MOCVD) growth technology, using trimethyl Gallium (TMGa), triethyl-gallium (TEGa), and trimethyl indium (TMIn), trimethyl aluminium (TMAl) and ammonia (NH3) silane (SiH4) Gallium source required for providing growth respectively with two luxuriant magnesium (cp2mg), indium source, silicon source, and nitrogen source, silicon source, magnesium source.
Embodiment one
1. by Sapphire Substrate Special cleaning agent after, be put into MOCVD device 1100 DEG C toast 10 minutes.
2. 600 DEG C of cooling degree grows low temperature AI N layers of a layer thickness 10nm, and growth pressure is 100torr.
3. 1070 DEG C of high-temperature AlN layers of growth a layer thickness 500nm are warmed up to, and growth pressure is 100torr.
4., in 1060 DEG C of temperature, 150torr grows one layer of 10 superlattices of cycle AlN/AlGaN, gross thickness 50nm.
5. in N-shaped AlGaN layer the thickness 500nm, pressure 200torr. of the temperature intrinsic doping silane of 1060 DEG C of one layer of growths
6. in nitrogen atmosphere 200torr, 1060 DEG C of growths, one layer of AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN(y>X) SQW barrier layer, often The quantum well layer Al in individual cyclexGa1-xN and barrier layer AlyGa1-yN layers of thickness is respectively the Al components of 3nm and 8nm. wherein barrier layer It is change in growth course, specially:8 y values of growth are respectively 0.4,0.45,0.5,0.55,0.6,0.65,0.7,0.75 Barrier layer AlyGa1-yN and well layer AlxGa1-xN(0<x<0.4)。
7. to 1000 DEG C, 150torr grows one layer of magnesium-doped p-type AlGaN layer, thickness 15nm to temperature.The Al groups of this layer Divide content higher.
8. at 980 DEG C, the p-type AlGaN layer of the Mg doping of 100torr growths 70nm.
9., at 950 DEG C, 100torr grows one layer of p-type GaN layer of the Mg doping of 20nm.
10. under nitrogen atmosphere, anneal 15 minutes.
Growth course terminates.
Embodiment two
1. by Sapphire Substrate Special cleaning agent after, be put into MOCVD device 1100 DEG C toast 10 minutes.
2. 600 DEG C of cooling degree grows low temperature AI N layers of a layer thickness 10nm, and growth pressure is 100torr.
3. 1070 DEG C of high-temperature AlN layers of growth a layer thickness 500nm are warmed up to, and growth pressure is 100torr.
4., in 1060 DEG C of temperature, 150torr grows one layer of 10 superlattices of cycle AlN/AlGaN, gross thickness 50nm.
5. in N-shaped AlGaN layer the thickness 500nm, pressure 200torr. of the temperature intrinsic doping silane of 1060 DEG C of one layer of growths
6. in nitrogen atmosphere 200torr, 1060 DEG C of growths, one layer of AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN(y>X) SQW barrier layer, often The quantum well layer Al in individual cyclexGa1-xN and barrier layer AlyGa1-yN layers of thickness is respectively the Al components of 3nm and 8nm. wherein barrier layer It is change in growth course, specially grows the barrier layer Al of preceding 5 y=0.40.4Ga0.6N and well layer AlxGa1-xN(0<x< 0.4), then 3 barrier layer Al of y=0.7 after regrowth0.7Ga0.3N and well layer AlxGa1-xN(0<x<0.4)。
7. to 1000 DEG C, 150torr grows one layer of magnesium-doped p-type AlGaN layer, thickness 15nm to temperature.The Al groups of this layer Divide content higher.
8. at 980 DEG C, the p-type AlGaN layer of the Mg doping of 100torr growths 70nm.
9., at 950 DEG C, 100torr grows one layer of p-type GaN layer of the Mg doping of 20nm.
10. under nitrogen atmosphere, anneal 15 minutes.
Growth course terminates.
Embodiment three
1. by Sapphire Substrate Special cleaning agent after, be put into MOCVD device 1100 DEG C toast 10 minutes.
2. 600 DEG C of cooling degree grows low temperature AI N layers of a layer thickness 10nm, and growth pressure is 100torr.
3. 1070 DEG C of high-temperature AlN layers of growth a layer thickness 500nm are warmed up to, and growth pressure is 100torr.
4., in 1060 DEG C of temperature, 150torr grows one layer of 10 superlattices of cycle AlN/AlGaN, gross thickness 50nm.
5. in N-shaped AlGaN layer the thickness 500nm, pressure 200torr. of the temperature intrinsic doping silane of 1060 DEG C of one layer of growths
6. in nitrogen atmosphere 200torr, 1060 DEG C of growths, one layer of AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN(y>X) SQW barrier layer, often The quantum well layer Al in individual cyclexGa1-xN and barrier layer AlyGa1-yN layers of thickness is respectively the Al components of 3nm and 8nm. wherein barrier layer It is change in growth course, specially grows the barrier layer Al of preceding 5 y=0.40.4Ga0.6N and well layer AlxGa1-xN(0<x< 0.4), then 3 y values are respectively the barrier layer Al of 0.5,0.6,0.7 after regrowthyGa1-yN and well layer AlxGa1-xN(0<x<0.4)。
7. to 1000 DEG C, 100torr grows one layer of magnesium-doped p-type AlGaN layer, thickness 15nm to temperature.The Al groups of this layer Divide content higher.
8. at 980 DEG C, the p-type AlGaN layer of the Mg doping of 100torr growths 70nm.
9., at 950 DEG C, 100torr grows one layer of p-type GaN layer of the Mg doping of 20nm.
10. under nitrogen atmosphere, anneal 15 minutes.
Growth course terminates.
The epitaxial wafer grown according to three above embodiment is shown by identical chip manufacture process test result:Three The more traditional method luminous efficiency of embodiment has all been lifted, and voltage reduction.Wherein best results of embodiment one, growth Epitaxial chip luminous efficiency lifting 30%, and vf reductions by 15%, illustrate the compound and injection efficiency enhancing of hole and electronics.
It is emphasized that given in above example that the design parameter of preferred technique effect can be reached, but these The design parameters such as temperature, thickness, pressure major part is the conventional selection done with reference to prior art, is not construed as to the present invention The limitation of claims.The improved principle of the technology of the present invention is elaborated in specification, those skilled in the art should It is able to recognize that under basic scheme doing appropriate adjustment to each design parameter remains able to realize the purpose of the present invention substantially.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of ultraviolet LED extension active area structure growing method, wherein growing several cycles AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN is measured The link of sub- trap barrier layer is used as active area, y>X, wherein AlxGa1-xN is used as well layer, AlyGa1-yN is used as barrier layer;It is characterized in that: Barrier layer AlyGa1-yThe Al components of N are incremented by change in active region growth process, i.e., y values start from a b finally, 1>b>a>x>0, its The span of middle a is the 1/3~1/2 of b.
2. ultraviolet LED extension active area structure growing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The incremental change Change and be specially consecutive variations, graded or mixing graded.
3. ultraviolet LED extension active area structure growing method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The incremental change Change and be specially consecutive variations.
4. a kind of ultraviolet LED epitaxial growth method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
One layer of low temperature AI N of Grown on Sapphire Substrates;
One layer of high-temperature AlN of growth;
Grow several cycles AlN/AlGaN super lattice structure layers;
One layer of N-shaped AlGaN layer of doping silane of growth;
According to the ultraviolet LED extension active area structure growing method described in claim 1, several cycles Al is grownxGa1-xN/ AlyGa1-yN SQW barrier layer;
One layer of magnesium-doped p-type AlGaN barrier layer of growth;
One layer of magnesium-doped p-type GaN contact layer of growth;
Annealed under nitrogen atmosphere.
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CN108231965B (en) * 2018-02-06 2019-05-24 华南师范大学 A kind of AlGaN base deep ultraviolet LED epitaxial structure improving light output
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