CN104279026B - Motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system and defecator thereof and manufacture method - Google Patents
Motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system and defecator thereof and manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104279026B CN104279026B CN201410456826.9A CN201410456826A CN104279026B CN 104279026 B CN104279026 B CN 104279026B CN 201410456826 A CN201410456826 A CN 201410456826A CN 104279026 B CN104279026 B CN 104279026B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 76
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
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- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052813 nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium(0) Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N al2o3 Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A kind of motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system and defecator thereof and manufacture method, this motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system includes diesel oxidation catalyst and defecator, this defecator includes housing and the filtering bodies being arranged in described housing, including PM filter course, including the inner foam alloy-layer of porous metal tube and upper winding thereof, for filtering the PM in described motor-vehicle tail-gas；NOxReducing zone, including being wound on the outer foam alloy-layer being coated with selective catalytic reduction catalysts on described inner foam alloy-layer, the aperture of described outer foam alloy-layer is more than described inner foam alloy-layer, the NO in described motor-vehicle tail-gasxWith the NH sprayed into by described exhaust pipe3At described NOxReducing zone occur selective catalytic reduction reaction be reduced to N2, and discharge through described gas outlet.The invention also discloses the manufacture method of this defecator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to motor-vehicle tail-gas processing method and processing device, particularly a kind of after motor vehicles (diesel vehicle) tail gas
The motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system of processing system and SCR defecator thereof and the manufacture method of this device.
Background technology
The Diesel engine thermal efficiency is high, fuel economy is good, and discharge nervous at current energy source limits the shape of increasingly stringent
Under gesture, advantage becomes apparent from.Relevant information shows, during China's automotive emission is polluted, diesel vehicle account for nitrogen oxides
(NOx) discharge 68.1%, particulate matter (PM) more than 90% (see People's Republic of China's Environmental Protection Department, " and China motor-driven
Car prevention and cure of pollution annual report ", 2013), diesel vehicle has become China motor vehicles NOxPrimary discharge person with PM.Thus, diesel vehicle is arranged
Put post-processing technology obtain numerous studies and obtain tremendous development.Typically consider the engine structure of diesel vehicle, design, fire
Burn and demarcate situation, install tail-gas after treatment apparatus additional at diesel vehicle, by filter, oxidation or reduction reaction by the PM in tail gas,
Hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) and NOxRemove Deng major pollutants or change into harmless water (H2O), titanium dioxide
Carbon (CO2) and nitrogen (N2), to meet the Abgasgesetz of increasingly stringent.
As it has been described above, emission of diesel engine major pollutants are NOxAnd PM, and NOxWith the relation that PM discharge exists mutually restriction
(trade-off), at present to NOxTwo different technologies routes are mainly taked in process with PM: one is common rail (CR)+selectivity
Catalysis reduction (SCR) route reduction NOx, i.e. diesel engine is by combustion modifications in machine, and PM discharges relatively low (the most up to standard), and NOxRow
Put the highest, now need to take SCR route by NOxReduction；Other one is waste gas recirculation (EGR)+diesel engine particles mistake
Filter DPF/CDPF route, now leads back the cylinder combustion of diesel engine by portion discharge by waste gas recirculation (EGR) method EGR
Room, NOxDischarge relatively low (the most up to standard), and PM discharge is higher, now needs to install defecator additional and removes PM.
In prior art, diesel vehicle after-treatment device mainly has following several:
1) diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), is mainly used in the dissolved organic matter in CO, HC and the PM in oxidized tail gas
(SOFs), generally by pottery as carrier, at applied atop intermediate layer (washcoat), aluminium sesquioxide is typically used in this intermediate layer
(γ-Al2O3) to provide large specific surface area, containing the noble metal that catalysis is active, predominantly platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) in intermediate layer
And rhodium (Rh)；
2) diesel particulate filter (DPF), is used for filtering PM, and mainly pottery or metal are as carrier, and it is substantial amounts of thin
Having tiny micropore (micron order) on wall passage, tail gas is filtered by rear PM, makes DPF continue by methods such as regeneration
Work, such as Application No. " 200510047699.8 ", entitled " a kind of composite construction particulates in exhaust gas from diesel vehicle filters-regeneration dress
Put " the particulates in exhaust gas from diesel vehicle filter regeneration device disclosed in Chinese invention patent, diesel particulate is being carried out effectively mistake
After filter, can be in the case of vehicle power normal power supply, it is achieved intelligent regeneration；
3) SCR (SCR), mainly sustained firing urea liquid in exhaustor, is produced by hydrolysis of urea
Raw ammonia (NH3) with tail gas in NOxThe carrier be coated with catalyst occurs selective catalytic reduction reaction, by NOxIt is reduced to
Harmless N2, tail gas is purified, such as Application No. " 201010118454.0 ", entitled " diesel vehicle fluid reservoir adding pressure type
Urea solution metering injection system " Chinese invention patent disclosed in urea solution metering injection system, diesel vehicle can be integrated into
Exhaust gas from diesel vehicle is purified by tail-gas after treatment apparatus.
Along with Abgasgesetz is further strict, Tier 2 Bin 5 and Europe V/VI such as North America implements, it is desirable to NOxWith PM simultaneously
Being removed, typical after-treatment system is DOC+CDPF/DPF+SCR or DOC+SCR+CDPF/DPF.Now, whole system
Compared with complicated, cost is high, volume is big, brings inconvenience to arrangement；Additionally, there may be DPF initiative regeneration and SCR carbamide
The problems such as injection temperation.Meanwhile, due to the problems such as domestic fuel oil, the NO of partial enginexThe highest with PM discharge, also want
Asking can be by NOxRemove with PM simultaneously；Also have some engine assembly common rail+SCR system, due to by engine performance and stable
Property restriction, its PM discharge still above Ou Si/five standard, it is also desirable to by NOxRemove with PM simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of place after the motor-vehicle tail-gas of purifying tail gas of diesel vehicles
Reason system and defecator thereof and manufacture method, can remove the NO in emission of diesel engine tail gas simultaneouslyxWith PM, to solve existing skill
The problems referred to above present in art.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of defecator for motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system,
It is arranged on the exhaust pipe of motor vehicles, the NO in motor-vehicle tail-gas can be removed simultaneouslyxAnd PM, including:
Housing, including the air inlet and the gas outlet that are arranged on described housing two ends；
Filtering bodies, is arranged in described housing, including: PM filter course, arrange including the central coaxial with described housing
Porous metal tube, described porous metal tube is wound with inner foam alloy-layer (uncoated catalyst), described motor-vehicle tail-gas
After described air inlet guides and flow through described inner foam alloy-layer by described porous metal tube, in described motor-vehicle tail-gas
PM filtered and through passive regeneration remove；NOxReducing zone, including the outer layer bubble being wound on described inner foam alloy-layer
Foam alloy-layer, described outer foam alloy-layer is coated with catalyst, and the aperture of described outer foam alloy-layer is interior more than described
Layer foamed alloy layer, the NO in described motor-vehicle tail-gasxWith the NH sprayed into by described exhaust pipe3At described NOxReducing zone
Middle generation selective catalytic reduction reaction is reduced to N2, and discharge through described gas outlet.
Above-mentioned defecator, wherein, described porous metal tube includes:
Becket, is arranged corresponding to described air inlet；
Metal end, is arranged corresponding to described gas outlet；
A plurality of metal ribs, one end of described a plurality of metal ribs is connected with described becket, another of described a plurality of metal ribs
End is connected with the edge of described metal end, and described a plurality of metal ribs includes one group of left-turn spiral muscle and one group of right hand helix muscle,
Described left-turn spiral muscle and right hand helix muscle are cross-linked the pipe into network respectively.
Above-mentioned defecator, wherein, also includes for fixing described PM filter course and NOxThe inlet flange of reducing zone and
Giving vent to anger flange, correspond respectively to described air inlet and gas outlet is arranged, described porous metal tube is arranged on by described becket
On described inlet flange, described inlet flange is provided with air inlet corresponding to described becket, and described porous metal tube passes through institute
State metal end and described Flange joint of giving vent to anger, described in flange of giving vent to anger described metal end is provided with installing hole.
Above-mentioned defecator, wherein, is also wrapped on grid-shaped metal gate layer outside described outer foam alloy-layer, with fixing
And keep the shape of described foamed alloy layer winding foam.
Above-mentioned defecator, wherein, described inlet flange and/or described in give vent to anger flange and described inner foam alloy-layer
End and described NOxBetween the end of reducing zone, it is provided with identical with the thermal coefficient of expansion of described inner foam alloy-layer
Wire mesh pad.
Above-mentioned defecator, wherein, described in flange of giving vent to anger be provided with the outlet passageway connected with described gas outlet, described
Outlet passageway be arranged on described in give vent to anger flange outer rim on boss and described housing between formed gap.
Above-mentioned defecator, wherein, the aperture of described inner foam alloy-layer is 200-2000 μm, described outer foam
The aperture of alloy-layer is 1000-4000 μm,.
In order to above-mentioned purpose is better achieved, present invention also offers a kind of motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system, including bavin
Oil oxidation catalyst and defecator, wherein, described diesel oxidation catalyst is gone out with engine exhaust by first paragraph exhaustor
Mouth connects, and described defecator is connected with described diesel oxidation catalyst device by second segment exhaustor, described second segment aerofluxus
Being provided with urea nozzle on pipe, described defecator is above-mentioned defecator.
Above-mentioned motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system, wherein, described diesel oxidation catalyst device is motor-driven for oxidation removal
Part SOFs in HC, CO and PM in tail gas, and the NO in described motor-vehicle tail-gas is aoxidized generation NO2, described diesel oil oxygen
Change catalyst converter device and include metal cylinder and be arranged on ceramic monolith in described metal cylinder on described ceramic monolith, be coated with your gold
Metal catalyst.
Above-mentioned motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system, wherein, described ceramic monolith is full flow type alveolate texture, described gold
The two ends belonging to cylinder are provided with inlet flange and flange of giving vent to anger.
Above-mentioned motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system, wherein, is provided with between described ceramic monolith and described metal cylinder
For buffering and the high temperature resistant liner of sealing.
Above-mentioned motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system, wherein, also includes carbamide spraying fire unit, the injection control of described carbamide
Unit processed respectively with the vehicle-mounted electronic control unit of motor vehicles and be arranged on the temperature sensor of described defecator porch even
Connect, obtained rotating speed and the most corresponding NO of moment of torsion of electromotor by described vehicle-mounted electronic control unitxValue and extraction flow
Obtain the most in the lump, obtained the temperature of described defecator porch, carbamide spraying fire unit root by described temperature sensor
Determine required urea amount according to the program enrolled in advance and send instruction injection carbamide to described urea nozzle.
In order to above-mentioned purpose is better achieved, present invention also offers the manufacture method of a kind of above-mentioned defecator.In order to
Above-mentioned purpose is better achieved, present invention also offers a kind of defecator for motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system, install
On the exhaust pipe of motor vehicles, wherein, the NO in motor-vehicle tail-gas can be removed simultaneouslyxAnd PM, including:
Housing, including the air inlet and the gas outlet that are arranged on described housing two ends；And
Filtering bodies, is arranged in described housing, including:
PM filter course, including the foamed alloy layer that multiple lamellar small-bores foamed alloy sheet is stacked, the plurality of foam closes
Gold plaque and described housing are that an angle of 90 degrees is disposed vertically, and described motor-vehicle tail-gas is through described air inlet and flows through described foamed alloy layer
After, the PM in described motor-vehicle tail-gas is filtered and is removed through passive regeneration；And
NOxReducing zone, including the foamed alloy layer that multiple large apertures foamed alloy sheet is stacked, described large aperture foamed alloy
Selective catalytic reduction catalysts, the NO in described motor-vehicle tail-gas it is coated with on sheetxSpray into by described exhaust pipe
NH3Selective catalytic reduction reaction is occurred to be reduced to N in described NO reducing zone2, and discharge through described gas outlet.
The method have technical effect that:
SCR and DPF is incorporated in a catalytic reactor formation SCR defecator by the present invention
(SCRf), both simplified whole exhaust treatment system, and reduced volume and reduce cost, NO can have been realized againxGo with PM simultaneously
The purpose removed.What is more important, compared with the after-treatment system of prior art, the present invention can make it when low-temperature cool starting
Inlet temperature quickly raises needed for reaching reaction, reduces discharge, also is able to effectively utilize heat during dpf regeneration simultaneously, reduces
Heat loss.Additionally, the DPF of the application avoids and sprays fuel oil after needing in prior art and realize the problem of initiative regeneration, only need by
Move and regenerate, also reduce system cost and complexity.
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the exhaust gas aftertreatment system structural representation of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is diesel oxidation catalyst and the filter apparatus configuration schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 A is the front view of the defecator of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 B is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 3 A；
Fig. 3 C is the filtering bodies sectional view of Fig. 3 A；
Fig. 4 is the porous metal tube schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 A is each foamed alloy layer schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 B is that Fig. 5 A assembles design sketch；
Fig. 6 is the filtering bodies explosive view of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the defecator fundamental diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, reference
1 motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system
21 diesel oxidation catalyst
22 defecators
221 housings
2211 air inlets
2212 gas outlets
2213 end cones
222 filtering bodies
2221 PM filters
22211 porous metal tubes
222111 beckets
222112 metal ends
222113 metal ribs
22212 inner foam alloy-layers
2222 NOxFilter
22221 outer foam alloy-layers
22222 the 3rd foamed alloy layers
2223 grid-shaped metal gate layer
2224 wire mesh pad
2225 annular by-passes
223 inlet flanges
2231 air inlets
224 give vent to anger flange
2241 installing holes
2242 boss
23 downtake pipes
24 second exhaust pipes
25 urea nozzle
26 carbamide spraying fire unit
27 blenders
3 vehicle-mounted electronic control units
4 temperature sensors
5 electromotors
6 urea pumps
7 urea tank
Detailed description of the invention
Structural principle and operation principle to the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
See the exhaust gas aftertreatment system structural representation that Fig. 1, Fig. 1 are one embodiment of the invention.After the tail gas of the present invention
Processing system 1, including motor-vehicle tail-gas diesel oxidation catalyst 21 and defecator 22, vehicle-mounted electronic control unit 3, Urea Series
System and data collecting system (not shown), described data collecting system is connected with described vehicle-mounted electronic control unit 3, described carbamide
System is connected with described vehicle-mounted electronic control unit 3 and described motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system 2 respectively, data collecting system bag
Include vehicle rotating speed acquisition module, vehicle torque acquisition module, NOxSensor, temperature sensor 4 and pressure transducer, Urea Series
System includes urea nozzle 25, urea tank 7 and urea pump 6, and urea pump 6 connects with urea tank 7 and urea nozzle 25 respectively, described car
Carry electronic control unit 3 to be connected with urea pump 6.Because structure, the connection of other each ingredients in this exhaust treatment system 1 are closed
System and function etc. are more ripe prior art, therefore do not repeat them here, and the most only locate after the motor-vehicle tail-gas of the present invention
Reason system 2 is described in detail.
See diesel oxidation catalyst and filter apparatus configuration schematic diagram that Fig. 2, Fig. 2 are one embodiment of the invention.Including
Diesel oxidation catalyst 21 (DOC) and defecator 22, described diesel oxidation catalyst 21 passes through downtake pipe 23 with motor-driven
Electromotor 5 air exit of car connects, and described defecator 22 is by second exhaust pipe 24 and described diesel oxidation catalyst 21
Connect, described second exhaust pipe 24 is provided with urea nozzle 25.Described diesel oxidation catalyst 21 is motor-driven for oxidation removal
Part SOFs in HC, CO and PM in tail gas, and the NO in described motor-vehicle tail-gas is aoxidized generation NO2, this NO2Can be by
The PM oxidation that downstream filter device 22 filters down removes, and passive regeneration reaction i.e. occurs, it is also possible to occur quick SCR to react,
Improve reaction efficiency.Described diesel oxidation catalyst 21 includes metal cylinder and the ceramic monolith being arranged in described metal cylinder
(not shown), described ceramic monolith is coated with noble metal catalyst.In the present embodiment, described ceramic monolith is full flow type honeycomb
Shape structure, the two ends of described metal cylinder are provided with inlet flange and flange of giving vent to anger.Wherein, described ceramic monolith and described metal
It is also provided with between cylinder for buffering and the high temperature resistant liner of sealing.Aerofluxus first passes around DOC the most afterwards from electromotor 5,
The oxidized removal of HC, CO and SOFs in aerofluxus, NO is also catalytically oxidized to NO simultaneously2；Gas flows through described filtration subsequently
Device 22, PM is removed by the foamed filter of internal layer, NOxHydrolysis of urea/pyrolysis of being sprayed into by outside and the NH that comes3It is being coated with
Reduce on the outer foam of SCR catalyst and remove.Hereby it is achieved that NOxRemove with while PM.
In the present embodiment, may also include carbamide spraying fire unit 26 (DCU), described carbamide spraying fire unit 26 is respectively
With vehicle-mounted electronic control unit 3 and be arranged on the temperature sensor 4 of described defecator 22 porch and be connected, by described vehicle-mounted
The rotating speed of the motor vehicles that electronic control unit 3 obtains vehicle rotating speed acquisition module and vehicle torque acquisition module collects and moment of torsion
To obtain corresponding NOxValue and flow, DCU obtains related data by CAN communication from ECU, by described temperature sensor 4
Obtain the temperature of described defecator 22 porch, determine required urea amount according to the program enrolled in advance and spray to described carbamide
Mouth 25 sends instruction injection carbamide.During work, DCU passes through CAN (controller local area network) communication from ECU (Electronic
Control Unit electronic control unit) obtain rotating speed and torque data, corresponding NO can be obtainedxValue and flow, simultaneously
Obtained the temperature of defecator 22 porch by temperature sensor 4, then consider defecator 22 carrier bulk, NH3Deposit
The factors such as storage, are sent instruction injection carbamide by DCU to nozzle, can use open loop control mode.Concretely, ECU collects number
Strong point (rotating speed and moment of torsion), this puts the corresponding exhaust situation information such as (flow, concentration) and collects the most in the lump simultaneously, passes through CAN
This information is transferred to DCU, DCU and reads the temperature data and other that after these data, integrated temperature sensor 4 gathers again by communication
Parameter, finds the point of correspondence in the collection of illustrative plates of the program enrolled in advance, first draws according to temperature scanning and air speed scan test
This catalyst converter key property, it may be assumed that the NO of this catalyst converter under different temperatures and different air speedxReduction efficiency, sets up a MAP,
When DCU is after ECU obtains engine speed and torque data, according to electromotor MAP, that NO of corresponding rotating speed and moment of torsionxWith
Flow value also obtains, and temperature obtains from temperature sensor, in conjunction with ammonia storage characteristics, just can determine that urea injecting quantity.Then spray
Go out the urea liquid of respective amount.
Seeing the front view of the defecator 22 that Fig. 3 A-3C, Fig. 3 A is one embodiment of the invention, Fig. 3 B is the A-A of Fig. 3 A
Sectional view, Fig. 3 C is the filtering bodies sectional view of Fig. 3 A.The defecator 22 of the present invention, real by SCR and filtration
Remove NO in motor-vehicle tail-gas the most simultaneouslyxWith the target of PM, including housing 221, including being arranged on described housing 221 two ends
Air inlet 2211 and gas outlet 2212, it is contemplated that reduce volume and installation and the manufacturability of processing, the agent structure of housing 221
Is preferably cylinder, this air inlet 2211 and gas outlet 2212 can by end cone 2213 and cylinder be connected as one whole
Body, the end cone 2213 of this cone can make the tail gas stream flowing into and out defecator 22 clear and coherent smooth, not produce flow gradients,
Pressure drop distribution is uniform, can preferably trap particulate matter occur SCR to react；Filtering bodies 222, is arranged in described housing 221,
Including PM filter 2221, this PM filter 2221, the porous metal tube being coaxially disposed including the centrage with described housing 221
22211, described porous metal tube 22211 is wound with inner foam alloy-layer 22212, described motor-vehicle tail-gas is through described air inlet
After mouth 2211 guides and flows through described inner foam alloy-layer 22212 by described porous metal tube 22211, described motor-driven vehicle
PM in gas is filtered and is removed through passive regeneration；And NOxReducing zone 2222, including being wound on described inner foam alloy
Outer foam alloy-layer 22221 on layer 22212, described outer foam alloy-layer 22221 is coated with SCR
Catalyst, the aperture of described outer foam alloy-layer 22221 is more than described inner foam alloy-layer 22212, described motor-driven vehicle
NO in gasxWith the NH sprayed into by described exhaust pipe3At described NOxReducing zone 2222 occurs SCR
Reaction is reduced to N2, and discharge through described gas outlet 2212.
In the present embodiment, described NOxFilter 2222 also includes the 3rd foamed alloy layer 22222, for by described second
The NO that alloy foam layer 22221 is not fully cleaned upxReduction, described 3rd foamed alloy layer 22222 is coated with selection further
Property catalytic reducer, the aperture of described 3rd foamed alloy layer 22222 be more than described second alloy foam layer 22221.This filtration
The metal parts of device 22 all preferably employs metal steel (SUS304), can use and be welded to connect, ensure that between each parts
Air-tightness, improves its durability used.
See the porous metal tube schematic diagram that Fig. 4, Fig. 4 are one embodiment of the invention.Described porous metal tube 22211 is wrapped
Include: becket 222111, arrange corresponding to described air inlet 2211；Metal end 222112, corresponding to described gas outlet 2212
Arrange；A plurality of metal ribs 222113, one end of described a plurality of metal ribs 222113 is connected with described becket 222111, described many
The other end of bar metal ribs 222113 is connected with the edge of described metal end 222112, and described a plurality of metal ribs 222113 includes
One group of left-turn spiral muscle and one group of right hand helix muscle, described left-turn spiral muscle and right hand helix muscle are cross-linked respectively to be tied into grid
The pipe of structure.This porous metal tube 22211 can use 3-dimensional (3D) cutting to form, and for muscle shape around helical structure, median pore radius can
Different size is set according to requirements.This main function of porous metal tube 22211 has two: 1) support winding internal layer bubble
Foam alloy-layer 22212 so that it is Stability Analysis of Structures；2) gas flowing is guided.Exhaust gas flow through this porous metal tube 22211, subsequently in
The most radial flow through inner foam alloy-layer 22212 and be purified.
Seeing Fig. 5 A, 5B, Fig. 5 A is each foamed alloy layer schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 5 B is Fig. 5 A assembling effect
Fruit figure.Filtering bodies 222 can be formed by three kinds of different pore size foam windings.Described outer foam alloy-layer 22221 or alloy
It is also wrapped on grid-shaped metal gate layer 2223, to fix and to keep described outer foam alloy-layer 22221 outside three alloy-layers 22222
Or the 3rd foamed alloy layer 22222 wind the shape of foam.The aperture of described inner foam alloy-layer 22212 is small-bore
The foamed alloy layer of the uncoated SCR catalyst of (200-2000 μm), outer layer selects large aperture (1000 μ of coating SCR catalyst
M-5000 μm) foam.
See the filtering bodies explosive view that Fig. 6, Fig. 6 are one embodiment of the invention.In the present embodiment, may also include for fixing
Described PM filter course 2221 and NOxThe inlet flange 223 of reducing zone 2222 and flange 224 of giving vent to anger, correspond respectively to described air inlet
Mouth 2211 and gas outlet 2212 are arranged, and described porous metal tube 22211 is arranged on described air inlet by described becket 222111
On flange 223, described inlet flange 223 is provided with air inlet 2231, described porous metals corresponding to described becket 222111
Pipe 22211 is connected with described flange 224 of giving vent to anger by described metal end 222112, described in flange 224 of giving vent to anger correspond to described
Metal end 222112 is provided with installing hole 2241.Described flange 224 of giving vent to anger is provided with and going out that described gas outlet 2212 connects
Gas passage, described outlet passageway, the gap i.e. formed between boss 2242 and described housing 221 is as outlet passageway.Wherein,
Described inlet flange 223 and/or described in give vent to anger the end of flange 224 and described inner foam alloy-layer 22212 and described NOxAlso
Between the end of former layer 2222, it is provided with the metal gauze identical with the thermal coefficient of expansion of described inner foam alloy-layer 22212
Liner 2224.Wherein, described wire mesh pad 2224 and described first alloy foam layer 22212 and the second alloy foam layer
Being also provided with annular by-pass 2225 between 22221, described annular by-pass 2225 is for being coated with selective catalytic reducing agent
Alloy foam layer.This annular by-pass 2225 preferably employs the alloy foam being coated with SCR catalyst of aperture 3000 μm.
See defecator 22 fundamental diagram that Fig. 7, Fig. 7 are one embodiment of the invention.Containing PM, NOxDeng main dirty
The tail gas of dye thing flows into from the air inlet 2211 of defecator 22, by air inlet end cone 2213 and inlet flange 223, through porous gold
Belong to pipe 22211 to guide, flow through inner foam alloy-layer 22212, flow through outer foam alloy-layer 22221 the most successively and be able to only
Changing, purified gas through the end cone 2213 of give vent to anger flange 224 and the other end, enters air by gas outlet 2212 again.Gas
First flowing through inner foam alloy-layer 22212, this layer uses small-bore foam, and PM is filtered at this layer region, is filtered
PM can be removed by passive regeneration, to ensure the stability of plant running；Subsequently, gas flows through larger aperture
Outer foam alloy-layer 22221, this layer region foam-coating has SCR catalytic component based on vanadium, the NO in tail gasxArrange with at second segment
The NH that trachea 24 upstream sprays into3At this layer region generation selective catalytic reduction reaction, NOxIt is reduced to harmless N2；At outer layer
Foamed alloy layer 22221 selects large aperture foam can also reduce the exhaust back pressure of whole defecator 22.
Defecator described above is radial flow (Radial Design) structure, and air-flow first flows through porous metal tube, with
In succession flowing through inside and outside froth bed in the most radial afterwards, discharge eventually through gas outlet, gas is purified.Another in the present invention
In one embodiment, this defecator can also be that axially stream (Axial Design) structure, i.e. air-flow should by air inlet entrance
Defecator, the sheet-formed foam in defecator is disposed vertically in an angle of 90 degrees all the time with housing, if froth bed region is dry tablet bubble
Foam is piled up and is formed.First half region can use small-bore foamed alloy, it is achieved PM filtering function, i.e. PM filter course；Latter half of
Subregion can use large aperture to be coated with the foamed alloy of catalyst, it is achieved NOxRestoring function, i.e. NOxReducing zone.With this, it is achieved
NOxThe target simultaneously removed with PM.
About the passive regeneration of PM, it is NO2React with carbon granule within the temperature range of 280-350 DEG C, by carbon granule oxygen
Change and remove and generate the process of NO+CO, in the present invention, the small-bore foamed filter of inner foam alloy-layer 22212 get off
PM i.e. carbon granule can fully and preferentially utilize NO2, there is passive regeneration reaction；NOxThe NH sprayed into by outside3At coating vanadio
On the large aperture foam of catalyst, reduction is removed, and also exists NO in such system2Competition, such as equation (1) and (2) institute
Show.(1) formula is the reaction of PM passive regeneration, and (2) formula is quick SCR reaction.
NO2+C→NO+CO (1)
NO+NO2+2NH3→2N2+H2O (2)
The foamed alloy (uncoated catalyst) of small-bore is wound, as interior by the present invention around porous ventilation metal tube
Layer；Then, SCR catalytic component based on vanadium (TiO it is coated with2-V2O5-WO3) larger aperture foamed alloy around internal layer foam roll up
Around, as outer layer.Internal layer selects the foamed alloy of small-bore, is mainly used to filter PM, and the NO produced by upstream DOC2, will
The PM filtered down removes through passive regeneration and makes the defecator 22 can continuous firing；Outside tail gas after filtering flows subsequently through
The froth bed in face, this layer of foam-coating has SCR catalyst, and the hydrolysis of urea sprayed into becomes NH3By NOxIt is reduced into harmless N2Discharge.This
Invention flexible design, can realize PM filter efficiency and the NO of 50%-95% of 30-85%xReduction efficiency.
In the present invention, can be by the NO of single-point steady state test examination defecator 22xWith PM removal effect: NO simultaneouslyxPermissible
Measure concentration change before and after its carbamide sprays by infrared spectrum analyser (FTIR) or other gas analysis instruments, conversion can be calculated
Efficiency, can also measure N simultaneously2O concentration and calculate selectivity, i.e. have how many NOxIt is reduced to N2, have how many NOxIt is reduced
For N2O, N2O is greenhouse gases, and the discharge to it is restricted, and N2It it is then innocuous gas；PM removal efficiency can pass through phase
Pass apparatus measures draws, it is also possible to is changed by the exhaust back pressure (or pressure drop) of defecator 22 exemplar and judges.During test, first
First detection electromotor 5 raw emissions, detects equipped with the discharge of tail gas after apparatus of the present invention the most again, thus obtains target contaminant
Transformation efficiency.Following table is the target contaminant (NO of the present inventionxAnd PM) the ESC test result (NO of removal efficiencyxReduction effect
Rate and PM filter efficiency).
| NOx(%) | PM (%) | |
| Design object | ＞ 75% | ＞ 50% |
| Test value | 78.2% | 57.8% |
The manufacture method of the defecator 22 of the present invention, mainly comprises the steps:
First, preparation filtering bodies 222: porous metal tube 22211 one end metal end 222112 is sealed and is welded, separately
One end connects becket 222111 to guide air inlet.By required foam on request, successively sequentially around porous metal tube volume 22211
Song, porous metal tube 22211 and innermost layer foam are in close contact, and air-flow flows through this froth bed after guiding.By multilamellar inhomogeneity
The winding successively of type foam, fixes the foam of winding at outside Wrapping net trellis Metal gate layer 2223 subsequently and maintains alloy
The winding form of foam, to improve the durability of device.
Secondly, the above-mentioned filtering bodies 222 prepared is assembled with housing 221, at inlet end, inlet flange 223 is installed,
Inlet flange 223 is provided with through hole, it is possible to ensure that gas enters porous metal tube after air inlet 2211 enters defecator 22
22211；Flange 224 of giving vent to anger is installed in outlet side, and flange 224 of giving vent to anger has outlet passageway, for being discharged by the tail gas after purifying.
Inlet, outlet flange 223,224 is all perpendicularly fixed at the two ends of porous metal tube 22211, and the foam of winding is positioned at inlet, outlet flange
223, between 224.Between inlet flange 223 and air inlet foam port and the flange 224 and going out between gas foam port of giving vent to anger
Wire mesh pad 2224 (wire mesh) is installed.The effect of this wire mesh pad 2224 is to seal in case leak-stopping gas, same
Time, additionally it is possible to play cushioning effect, protect foam, improve its durability.See Fig. 6, from the beginning of inlet flange 223, successively will
Wire mesh pad 2224, annular by-pass 2225, filtering bodies 222 etc. assemble, and two ends metal pieces into contact part electric welding is welded
Jail, it is ensured that the stability of its structure, improves service life.
Then, installing urea nozzle 25 on the second exhaust pipe 24 of defecator 22 front end, urea nozzle 25 is installed on
Between DOC21 and defecator 22.Carbamide injection needs to have considered to spray temperature, because carbamide easily crystallizes；Also to consider simultaneously
Angle that urea nozzle 25 is installed and to the distance of defecator 22, to reduce crystallization and to make reaction reach optimal.Urea nozzle
25 setting angles preferably become 30 degree of angles with second exhaust pipe 24, it is possible to second exhaust pipe 24 right angle setting.Urea nozzle 25 with
The distance of defecator 22 is generally kept in about 500mm-700mm.Meanwhile, can between urea nozzle 25 and defecator 22
Equipped with blender 27 (Mixer), carbamide troubled water optimization can be made, it is ensured that reaction efficiency reaches optimal.
In the present invention, owing to aerofluxus operating mode is changeable, the urea amount of different operating mode injections is also not quite similar.Urea injecting quantity is subject to
Extraction flow, temperature, NOxThe many factors impacts such as concentration, and unreacted is flowed into the NH of air3Escape concentration also has
Regulation limits (less than 10ppm), therefore can arrange the carbamide spraying fire unit 26 of control accurate to urea injecting quantity again.
The present invention can be also used for a kind of exhaust gas treating method, installs above-mentioned diesel engine oxygen in exhaust gas aftertreatment system
Change catalyst converter 21+ defecator 22.Because the processing method of this defecator 22 has been described in detail in above-mentioned, and by this mistake
Filter device 22 is installed and is connected in exhaust gas aftertreatment system, i.e. by exhaustor and flange etc., this defecator 22 is installed to tail
In gas processing system 1, it is installed and connected mode is more ripe prior art, therefore does not repeats at this.
The defecator of the present invention has good stability, and compared with similar ceramic monolith SCR, volume can reduce
About 30%；Its assembling is simple, has good mechanical stability；Excellent product performance, has good stability.The present invention
Make whole system be simplified, reduce volume and cost, NO can be realized simultaneouslyxThe effect simultaneously removed with PM.Even more important
, compared with prior art, this defecator can make when low-temperature cool starting its inlet temperature quickly raise reach reaction
Required, compared with SCRf with DPF+SCR arranges, it is possible to make full use of electromotor row's temperature, reduce discharge, can effectively utilize simultaneously
Heat during dpf regeneration, reduces heat loss.Additionally, spray fuel oil after DPF needs in prior art to realize initiative regeneration；And this
Bright defecator 22 only needs passive regeneration, reduces system cost and complexity.
Certainly, the present invention also can have other various embodiments, in the case of without departing substantially from present invention spirit and essence thereof, ripe
Know those skilled in the art to work as and can make various corresponding change and deformation according to the present invention, but these change accordingly and become
Shape all should belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. for a defecator for motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system, being arranged on the exhaust pipe of motor vehicles, it is special
Levy and be, the NO in motor-vehicle tail-gas can be removed simultaneouslyxAnd PM, including:
Housing, including the air inlet and the gas outlet that are arranged on described housing two ends；And
Filtering bodies, is arranged in described housing, including:
PM filter course, the porous metal tube being coaxially disposed including the centrage with described housing, described porous metal tube winds
Have inner foam alloy-layer, described motor-vehicle tail-gas through described air inlet guide by described porous metal tube and flow through described in
After layer foamed alloy layer, the PM in described motor-vehicle tail-gas is filtered and is removed through passive regeneration；And
NOxReducing zone, including the outer foam alloy-layer being wound on described inner foam layer, on described outer foam alloy-layer
Being coated with selective catalytic reduction catalysts, the aperture of described outer foam alloy-layer is more than described inner foam alloy-layer, institute
State the NO in motor-vehicle tail-gasxWith the NH sprayed into by described exhaust pipe3At described NOxReducing zone occur selectivity urge
Change reduction reaction and be reduced to N2, and discharge through described gas outlet；
Wherein, described porous metal tube includes:
Becket, is arranged corresponding to described air inlet；
Metal end, is arranged corresponding to described gas outlet；
A plurality of metal ribs, one end of described a plurality of metal ribs is connected with described becket, the other end of described a plurality of metal ribs with
The edge of described metal end connects, and described a plurality of metal ribs includes one group of left-turn spiral muscle and one group of right hand helix muscle, described
Left-turn spiral muscle and right hand helix muscle are cross-linked the pipe into network respectively.
2. defecator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include for fixing described PM filter course and NOxReduction
The inlet flange of layer and flange of giving vent to anger, correspond respectively to described air inlet and gas outlet is arranged, and described porous metal tube passes through institute
Stating becket to be arranged on described inlet flange, described inlet flange is provided with air inlet corresponding to described becket, described many
Mesoporous metal pipe by described metal end and described Flange joint of giving vent to anger, described in flange of giving vent to anger arrange corresponding to described metal end
There is installing hole.
3. defecator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that be also wrapped on net outside described outer foam alloy-layer
Trellis Metal gate layer, with shape that is fixing and that keep described outer foam alloy-layer to wind foam.
4. defecator as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described inlet flange and/or described in give vent to anger flange and institute
State the end of internal foam alloy-layer and described NOxBetween the end of reducing zone, it is provided with and described inner foam alloy-layer
The wire mesh pad that thermal coefficient of expansion is identical.
5. the defecator as described in claim 2 or 4, it is characterised in that described in flange of giving vent to anger be provided with and described gas outlet
Connection outlet passageway, described outlet passageway be arranged on described in give vent to anger flange outer rim on boss and described housing between shape
The gap become.
6. a motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system, including diesel oxidation catalyst and defecator, it is characterised in that described bavin
Oil oxidation catalyzer is connected with the engine exhaust outlet of motor vehicles by downtake pipe, and described defecator passes through second row
Trachea is connected with described diesel oxidation catalyst, and described second exhaust pipe is provided with urea nozzle, and described defecator is upper
State the defecator described in any one in claim 1-5.
7. motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described diesel oxidation catalyst is used for
Part SOFs in HC, CO and PM in oxidation removal motor-vehicle tail-gas, and the NO in described motor-vehicle tail-gas is aoxidized generation
NO2, described diesel oxidation catalyst includes that metal cylinder and the ceramic monolith being arranged in described metal cylinder, described pottery carry
Noble metal catalyst it is coated with on body.
Motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system the most as claimed in claims 6 or 7, it is characterised in that also include carbamide spraying fire
Unit, described carbamide spraying fire unit respectively with the vehicle-mounted electronic control unit of motor vehicles and be arranged on described defecator and enter
Temperature sensor at Kou connects, and rotating speed and moment of torsion by described vehicle-mounted electronic control unit acquisition motor vehicles are corresponding to obtain
NOxValue and flow, obtain the temperature of described defecator porch by described temperature sensor, according to presetting required urine
Element amount sends instruction injection carbamide to described urea nozzle.
9. the manufacture method of defecator described in any one in the claims 1-5.
10. for a defecator for motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system, being arranged on the exhaust pipe of motor vehicles, it is special
Levy and be, the NO in motor-vehicle tail-gas can be removed simultaneouslyxAnd PM, including:
Housing, including the air inlet and the gas outlet that are arranged on described housing two ends；And
Filtering bodies, is arranged in described housing, including:
PM filter course, including the foamed alloy layer that multiple lamellar small-bores foamed alloy sheet is stacked, described small-bore foamed alloy
Sheet and described housing are that an angle of 90 degrees is disposed vertically, and described motor-vehicle tail-gas is through described air inlet and flows through described foamed alloy layer
After, the PM in described motor-vehicle tail-gas is filtered and is removed through passive regeneration；And
NOxReducing zone, including the foamed alloy layer that multiple large apertures foamed alloy sheet is stacked, on the foamed alloy sheet of described large aperture
It is coated with selective catalytic reduction catalysts, the NO in described motor-vehicle tail-gasxWith the NH sprayed into by described exhaust pipe3
At described NOxReducing zone occur selective catalytic reduction reaction be reduced to N2, and discharge through described gas outlet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410456826.9A CN104279026B (en) | 2014-09-10 | Motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system and defecator thereof and manufacture method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410456826.9A CN104279026B (en) | 2014-09-10 | Motor-vehicle tail-gas after-treatment system and defecator thereof and manufacture method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104279026A CN104279026A (en) | 2015-01-14 |
| CN104279026B true CN104279026B (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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