CN104277866A - Coaxial type cyclone gas-solid separation method and equipment - Google Patents
Coaxial type cyclone gas-solid separation method and equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104277866A CN104277866A CN201310288824.9A CN201310288824A CN104277866A CN 104277866 A CN104277866 A CN 104277866A CN 201310288824 A CN201310288824 A CN 201310288824A CN 104277866 A CN104277866 A CN 104277866A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- separation
- seal closure
- flutter valve
- settling vessel
- riser tube
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
- B01J8/26—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with two or more fluidised beds, e.g. reactor and regeneration installations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/14—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts
- C10G11/18—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
Abstract
The invention relates to a coaxial type cyclone gas-solid separation method and belongs to the technical field of petrochemical engineering and fluidization. The method is used for solving the problems of coaxial type devices that settlers undergo coking and excessive thermal cracking. The method comprises the processes of rapid oil vapor and catalyst separation, second-stage separation, dipleg flutter valve discharge and oil vapor lead-out and is characterized by adopting two folded risers and rapid cyclone separation, arranging catalyst diversion facilities, enabling the catalyst diversion facilities to be connected with the rapid cyclone separation and the second-stage separation, so as to form a closed separation system, and closely guiding a catalyst, oil vapor and anti-coking steam, which are discharged from second-stage flutter valves, to the closed separation system. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the problem of coking of coaxial type settlers is thoroughly solved, and the long-cycle operation of the devices is facilitated; due to closed rapid cyclone separation, the gas-solid separation efficiency reaches over 98%, and the retention time of the oil vapor in a settler is shorter than 5 seconds, so that the reaction of excessive thermal cracking of the oil vapor is reduced, the yield of dry gas is lowered, and the yield of products is increased. The invention further provides a two-folded riser reactor, a rapid cyclone separator and catalyst diversion equipment, which are used for implementing the method disclosed by the invention. The method and equipment are applied to coaxial type devices for catalytic cracking, catalytic pyrolysis and the like of heavy oil.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to petrochemical complex, fluidization technology field, particularly a kind of coaxial-type cyclone gas solid separation method and equipment.
Background technology
Refinery catalytic cracking unit's riser reactor outlet is all provided with fast gas-solid separator, for realizing oil gas and catalyzer sharp separation, stopping cracking reaction.Have umbrella crown in early days, fall L, the structural shape such as T-shaped, separation efficiency is generally 70% ~ 80%, and the oil gas after separation rises at a slow speed in the settling vessel that diameter is larger, then enters settling vessel top cyclonic separator (being called for short top to revolve).At 20 ~ 50 seconds, under 500 DEG C of high temperature, still there is the reactions such as excessive heat cracking, condensation, affect yield of light oil, when processing heavy oil even in settling vessel coking in this part oil gas in the settling vessel residence time.Some device riser reactor outlets arrange 1 ~ 4 primary cyclone (be called for short and slightly revolve), efficiency can reach more than 95%, thick spin material leg discharges catalyzer under positive pressure differential condition, discharge 15% ~ 30% oil gas simultaneously, this part oil gas rises at a slow speed the top residence time at 30 ~ 90 seconds in settling vessel bottom, under 500 DEG C of high temperature, there is the reactions such as obvious excessive heat cracking, condensation, affect yield of light oil, even in settling vessel coking during processing heavy oil.Some devices extend up near the screw-in mouth of top by slightly revolving riser, this scheme oil gas main flow residence time significantly shortens, but a small amount of oil gas that thick spin material leg is discharged is the settling vessel residence time longer (reaching 100 seconds), the trend that settling vessel has coking more serious.
For reducing oil gas in the settling vessel residence time, patent ZL200420037425.1 leg outlet adopts and slightly revolves fast point, airtight connection is revolved with top by slightly revolving, oil gas conduit is set population is revolved on the top that the oil gas (thick spin material leg discharges oil gas, stripping gas, anti-scorch vapor mixing gas) of settling vessel bottom is guided to settling vessel top, reduce the oil gas residence time.This scheme can alleviate excessive heat cracking and coking to a certain extent, but thick spin material leg is still positive pressure differential discharge, still have oil gas to discharge from dipleg, coking chance is arranged at settling vessel bottom, and the oil gas speed of thick spin material leg discharge is higher in addition, to settling vessel lower catalytic agent disturbance, this region density of catalyst is increased, drawing oil gas in this region can make top screw in the increase of mouth density of catalyst, and cause catalyst taking-out amount to increase, the improper catalyzer that easily causes of program design runs damage in a large number in addition.
Patent ZL01228805.5 develops the open direct multi-arm cyclone separation process of band pre-stripping segment.Leg outlet connects multi-arm cyclone separator, its arranged outside seal closure; Seal closure bottom arranges several layers of pre-stripping baffles, and seal closure upper end riser screws in mouth open type with top and is flexible coupling.This technology is applied to riser tube catalytic unit in block form, and seal closure circulation area is 20% ~ 30% of settling vessel circulation area, and the residence time of oil gas in seal closure significantly shortens.A small amount of oil gas that program flutter valve is discharged still rises to top at a slow speed from settling vessel bottom, enter top revolve at the open type on the settling vessel top place that is flexible coupling, this a small amount of oil gas, at the settling vessel residence time very long (> 100 seconds), has the chance of coking in settling vessel.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of coaxial-type cyclone gas solid separation method, solve oil gas in settling vessel slow flow, overstand and coking, and avoid the cracking of oil gas excessive heat.
The present invention solves the method that its technical problem adopts: comprise oil gas and catalyzer sharp separation, the second-order separation, dipleg flutter valve discharge and oil gas derive process, it is characterized in that: adopt two collapsed risers, eddy flow sharp separation, and catalyzer parallel works is set, two collapsed risers are connected with eddy flow sharp separation, eddy flow sharp separation is connected with the second-order separation is airtight, and catalyzer parallel works and eddy flow sharp separation, the second-order separation are interconnected to form an airtight separation system.
Realize an equipment for described inventive method, comprise the settling vessel of coaxial structure, stripping stage, airtight pipe connecting, top revolve, dipleg, flutter valve, steam loop, two collapsed risers, eddy flow quick disconnector and catalyzer parallel works.
Further, eddy flow quick disconnector comprises seal closure and swirler; Seal closure is straight tube structure or cone structure or straight tube and cone unitized construction, and seal closure upper end is provided with vapor pipe, and lower end is connected with settling vessel or stripping stage; 2 ~ 8 runners established by swirler, and runner is bend pipe structure or worm frame, and cross section is rectangle or trapezoidal, runner is horizontally disposed with or downward-sloping setting, arrange exhaust isolating cylinder or isolation cone or do not arrange, swirler is arranged on seal closure inside, and is connected with riser tube upper end.
Further, two collapsed risers are that riser tube level or inclination reach that seal closure central position is upwards folding to be connected with swirler, riser tube bending employing arcuate structure or be with air cushion structure.
Further, catalyzer parallel works is thrust-augmenting nozzle, and cross section is geometric form or combination shape or gradual change shape or abnormity, and facade is straight shape or folding shape or abnormity, lower end or side are connected with seal closure bottom and are communicated with, and thrust-augmenting nozzle upper end is connected with flutter valve or is wrapped up or portion envelops by flutter valve; Or guide shell, cross section is circle or Polygons or combines shape, and guide shell upper end is connected with flutter valve or is wrapped up or portion envelops by flutter valve, and lower end is connected with settling vessel bottom shell, and side is connected with seal closure bottom and is communicated with; Or diversion trench, cylindrical sleeve is set at seal closure lower outside, between cylinder and seal closure, forms circle shape diversion trench, flutter valve or and its outlet reach in circle diversion trench; Or diversion window, by seal closure bottom enlarged diameter, diversion window is set at transition section, flutter valve or and its outlet reach in diversion window; Thrust-augmenting nozzle, guide shell, diversion trench and diversion window open top or cover plate or grid are set, top blind flange is dull and stereotyped or conical plate, offers some circular holes or elongate holes; Or catalyzer parallel works is not set, in settling vessel bottom, division board is set.
Further, settling vessel top, bottom, seal closure inside arrange steam loop or do not arrange.
Further, riser tube is the main riser tube of stock oil, or recycle stock riser tube or gasoline rising pipe or subsidiary riser, or itself and the main riser tube of stock oil merge after riser tube.
Innovative point of the present invention and positively effect:
Innovative point of the present invention is: adopt two collapsed risers, eddy flow sharp separation, and catalyzer parallel works is set, two collapsed risers are connected with eddy flow sharp separation, eddy flow sharp separation is connected with the second-order separation is airtight, and catalyzer parallel works and eddy flow sharp separation, the second-order separation are interconnected to form an airtight separation system.
Positively effect of the present invention is: thoroughly solve coaxial type sedimentation device coking problem, be conducive to device long-term operation; Airtight vortex quick separation gas-solid disngaging efficiency reaches more than 98%, and the residence time of oil gas in settling vessel is less than 5 seconds, reduces excessive heat cracking reaction, effectively reduces dry gas yied, improves product yield; Can be applicable to coaxial-type device, and can maximize.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of coaxial-type cyclone gas solid separation method and equipment schematic diagram.
1-oil gas vent, 2-revolves vapor pipe in top, and 3-pushes up precession tracheae, 4-revolves on top, 5-seal closure vapor pipe, 6-swirler, 7-seal closure, 8-dipleg, 9-flutter valve, 10-stripping stage, 11-riser tube, 12-collection chamber, 13-steam loop, 14-loop expansion pipe, 15-settling vessel, 16-catalyzer thrust-augmenting nozzle, 17-revivifier.
Fig. 2 is another kind of coaxial-type cyclone gas solid separation method and equipment schematic diagram.
1-oil gas vent, 2-revolves vapor pipe in top, and 3-pushes up precession tracheae, 4-revolves on top, 5-seal closure vapor pipe, 6-swirler, 7-seal closure, 8-dipleg, 9-flutter valve, 10-stripping stage, 11-riser tube, 12-collection chamber, 13-steam loop, 14-loop expansion pipe, 15-settling vessel, 16-division board, 17-revivifier, 18-louver(-vre).
Embodiment
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 1 arranges catalyzer thrust-augmenting nozzle scheme, and Fig. 2 arranges division board scheme.Oil gas vent 1, collection chamber 12 and anti-scorch steam loop 13 are arranged at settling vessel 15 top.It is inner that riser tube 11 level enters settling vessel 15, reaches that seal closure 7 central position is upwards folding to be again connected with swirler 6.The outside of swirler 6 is provided with seal closure 7, and seal closure 7 adopts straight tube and cone mixed structure.Seal closure 7 upper end is revolved 4 with top be connected through seal closure vapor pipe 5, top precession tracheae 3.Top is revolved 4 upper ends and is revolved vapor pipe 2 be connected with collection chamber 12 through top, lower end connection dipleg 8 and flutter valve 9.Fig. 1, catalyzer thrust-augmenting nozzle 16 lower end is connected with seal closure 7 bottom, and flutter valve 8 wraps up by upper end.Fig. 2, settling vessel bottom arranges division board 16, and seal closure 7 bottom is provided with louver(-vre) 18.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the mixture of reaction oil gas and catalyzer exports outflow from riser tube 11 and enters swirler 6, then tangentially enters in seal closure 7, and oil gas and catalyzer rotate in seal closure 7, under centrifugal action, carry out gas solid separation, its separation efficiency reaches more than 98%.Primary purifying oil gas enters top revolve 4 through seal closure vapor pipe 5, top precession tracheae 3, revolves in 4 again carry out centrifugation on top, and purification oil gas revolves vapor pipe 2 and enters collection chamber 12 and discharge through oil gas vent 1 through top.The catalyzer that primary separation is got off falls into the stripping stage 10 of below along seal closure 7 inwall.Fig. 1, the catalyzer that flutter valve 9 is discharged falls into catalyzer thrust-augmenting nozzle 16, flow in stripping stage 10 by gravity, steam is fed in anti-scorch steam loop 13, steam is full of settling vessel 15 cross section and slowly flows downward, and enters in seal closure 7 together from catalyzer thrust-augmenting nozzle 16 a small amount of oil gas, the stripping gas of discharging with flutter valve 9 of entering suitable for reading from seal closure 7 end opening.Fig. 2, the catalyzer that flutter valve 9 is discharged falls into bottom settling vessel, enters in stripping stage 10 through louver(-vre) 18; Steam is fed in anti-scorch steam loop 13, steam is full of settling vessel 15, from the slit flow of division board 16 and settling vessel, dipleg, seal closure to division board 16, a small amount of oil gas of discharging with flutter valve 9 enters seal closure 7 bottom through louver(-vre) 18, enters in seal closure 7 with stripping gas from end opening.
Claims (7)
1. a coaxial-type cyclone gas solid separation method, comprise oil gas and catalyzer sharp separation, the second-order separation, dipleg flutter valve discharge and oil gas derive process, it is characterized in that: adopt two collapsed risers, eddy flow sharp separation, and catalyzer parallel works is set, two collapsed risers are connected with eddy flow sharp separation, eddy flow sharp separation is connected with the second-order separation is airtight, and catalyzer parallel works and eddy flow sharp separation, the second-order separation are interconnected to form an airtight separation system.
2. realize an equipment for inventive method described in claim 1, comprise the settling vessel of coaxial structure, stripping stage, airtight pipe connecting, top revolve, dipleg, flutter valve, steam loop, two collapsed risers, eddy flow quick disconnector and catalyzer parallel works.
3. equipment according to claim 2, is characterized in that: eddy flow quick disconnector comprises seal closure and swirler; Seal closure is straight tube structure or cone structure or straight tube and cone unitized construction, and seal closure upper end is provided with vapor pipe, and lower end is connected with settling vessel or stripping stage; 2 ~ 8 runners established by swirler, and runner is bend pipe structure or worm frame, and cross section is rectangle or trapezoidal, runner is horizontally disposed with or downward-sloping setting, arrange exhaust isolating cylinder or isolation cone or do not arrange, swirler is arranged on seal closure inside, and is connected with riser tube upper end.
4. equipment according to claim 2, is characterized in that: two collapsed risers are that riser tube level or inclination reach that seal closure central position is upwards folding to be connected with swirler, riser tube bending employing arcuate structure or be with air cushion structure.
5. equipment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: catalyzer parallel works is thrust-augmenting nozzle, cross section is geometric form or combination shape or gradual change shape or abnormity, facade is straight shape or rolls over shape or abnormity, lower end or side are connected with seal closure bottom and are communicated with, and thrust-augmenting nozzle upper end is connected with flutter valve or is wrapped up or portion envelops by flutter valve; Or guide shell, cross section is circle or Polygons or combines shape, and guide shell upper end is connected with flutter valve or is wrapped up or portion envelops by flutter valve, and lower end is connected with settling vessel bottom shell, and side is connected with seal closure bottom and is communicated with; Or diversion trench, cylindrical sleeve is set at seal closure lower outside, between cylinder and seal closure, forms circle shape diversion trench, flutter valve or and its outlet reach in circle diversion trench; Or diversion window, by seal closure bottom enlarged diameter, diversion window is set at transition section, flutter valve or and its outlet reach in diversion window; Thrust-augmenting nozzle, guide shell, diversion trench and diversion window open top or cover plate or grid are set, top blind flange is dull and stereotyped or conical plate, offers some circular holes or elongate holes; Or catalyzer parallel works is not set, in settling vessel bottom, division board is set.
6. equipment according to claim 2, is characterized in that: settling vessel top, bottom, seal closure inside arrange steam loop or do not arrange.
7. equipment according to claim 2, is characterized in that: riser tube is the main riser tube of stock oil, or recycle stock riser tube or gasoline rising pipe or subsidiary riser, or itself and the main riser tube of stock oil merge after riser tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310288824.9A CN104277866A (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | Coaxial type cyclone gas-solid separation method and equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310288824.9A CN104277866A (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | Coaxial type cyclone gas-solid separation method and equipment |
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| CN104277866A true CN104277866A (en) | 2015-01-14 |
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| CN201310288824.9A Pending CN104277866A (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | Coaxial type cyclone gas-solid separation method and equipment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117229806A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2023-12-15 | 江苏博颂能源科技有限公司 | Catalytic cracking settler with anti-coking steam injection device |
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2013
- 2013-07-09 CN CN201310288824.9A patent/CN104277866A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117229806A (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2023-12-15 | 江苏博颂能源科技有限公司 | Catalytic cracking settler with anti-coking steam injection device |
| CN117229806B (en) * | 2023-11-10 | 2024-03-08 | 江苏博颂能源科技有限公司 | Catalytic cracking settler with anti-coking steam injection device |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
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Application publication date: 20150114 |